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Ergenlerde Kariyer Kaygısının Yordayıcısı Olarak Bilişsel Esneklik ve Belirsizliğe Tahammülsüzlük

Year 2024, Volume: 22 Issue: 3, 2435 - 2449, 31.12.2024

Osman Gönültaş , Sezen Güleç

https://doi.org/10.37217/tebd.1490061

Abstract

Bu araştırmada bilişsel esneklik ve belirsizliğe tahammülsüzlüğün kariyer kaygısı üzerindeki yordayıcı etkisi ele alınmıştır. Ayrıca cinsiyet değişkeni açısından ergenlerin kariyer kaygısı düzeylerinin farklılaşıp farklılaşmadığı incelenmiştir. Araştırma, ilişkisel tarama modeli çerçevesinde yürütülmüştür. Araştırmanın çalışma grubu 245’i kız ve 145’i erkek olmak üzere toplam 420 lise öğrencisinden oluşmaktadır. Katılımcıların yaş ortalamaları 16,03’tür. Araştırma verileri, Kariyer Kaygısı Ölçeği, Bilişsel Esneklik Ölçeği ve Belirsizliğe Tahammülsüzlük Ölçeği aracılığıyla toplanmıştır. Araştırmada bilişsel esnekliğin kariyer kaygısı düzeyini negatif yönde, belirsizliğe tahammülsüzlüğün ise pozitif yönde anlamlı düzeyde yordadığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Bilişsel esneklik ve belirsizliğe tahammülsüzlük birlikte kariyer kaygısını %17 oranında açıklamaktadır. Ayrıca, kariyer kaygısı düzeyi cinsiyete göre anlamlı bir farklılık göstermektedir. Kız öğrenciler erkek öğrencilere göre daha yüksek kariyer kaygısı yaşamaktadır. Elde edilen bulgular, ilgili alanyazın ışığında tartışılmış ve araştırmacılar için bazı öneriler sunulmuştur.

Keywords

Kariyer kaygısı Bilişsel esneklik Belirsizliğe tahammülsüzlük Ergenler

References

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  • Andersen, S. L. & Teicher, M. H. (2008). Stress, sensitive periods and maturational events in adolescent depression. Trends in Neurosciences, 31(4), 183-191. https://doi.org/10.1016/j. tins.2008.01.004
  • Arbona, C., Fan, W., Phang, A., Olvera, N., & Dios, M. (2021). Intolerance of uncertainty, anxiety, and career indecision: A mediation model. Journal of Career Assessment, 29(4), 1-18. https://doi.org/10.1177/10690727211002564
  • Atikah, D. N., Kurniawati, F., & Rifameutia, T. (2023). Students’ career anxiety: A systematic literature review. Jurnal Pendidikan Progresif, 13(3), 1366-1381. https://doi.org/10.23960/jpp.v13.i2.202335.
  • Barbey, A. K., Colom, R., & Grafman, J. (2013). Architecture of cognitive flexibility revealed by lesion mapping. NeuroImage, 82, 547-554. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2013.05.087
  • Barlow, D. H. (2000). Unraveling the mysteries of anxiety and its disorders from the perspective of emotion theory. American Psychologist, 55(11), 1247-1263. https://doi.org/10.1037//0003-066x.55.11.1247
  • Boo, S., Kim, M., & Kim, S. H. (2022). The relationship among undergraduate students’ career anxiety, choice goals, and academic performance. Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Education, 34(4), 229-244. https://doi.org/10.1080/10963758.2021.1963756
  • Buhr, K. & Dugas, M. J. (2002). The intolerance of uncertainty scale: Psychometric properties of the English version. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 40(8), 931-945. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0005-7967(01)00092-4.
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  • Forman, E. M. & Davies, P. T. (2003). Family instability and young adolescent maladjustment: The mediating effects of parenting quality and adolescent appraisals of family security. Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, 32(1), 94-105. https://doi.org/10.1207/S15374424JCCP3201_09
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  • Huizinga, M., Dolan, C. V., & van der Molen, M. W. (2006). Age-related change in executive function: Developmental trends and a latent variable analysis. Neuropsychologia, 44(11), 2017-2036. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2006.01.010
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  • Karasar, N. (2016). Bilimsel araştırma yöntemi. Nobel.
  • Kercood, S., Lineweaver, T. T., Frank, C. C., & Fromm, E. D. (2017). Cognitive flexibility and its relationship to academic achievement and career choice of college students with and without attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Journal of Postsecondary Education and Disability, 30(4), 329-344. https://eric.ed.gov/?id=EJ1172788 sayfasından erişilmiştir.
  • Kurniawan, S., Purwanta, E., Situmorang, D., & Ifdil, I. (2021). Blended counseling to reduce career anxiety of adolescents during the covid-19 era. The International Journal of Counseling and Education, 6(3), 120-128. https://doi.org/10.23916/0020210636640
  • Mahmud, M. S., Talukder, M. U., & Rahman, S. M. (2021). Does fear of COVID-19 trigger future career anxiety? An empirical investigation considering depression from COVID-19 as a mediator. International Journal of Social Psychiatry, 67(1), 35–45. https://doi.org/10.1177/00207640209354
  • Martin, M. M. & Anderson, C. M. (1998). The cognitive flexibility scale: Three validity studies. Communication Reports, 11(1), 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1080/08934219809367680
  • Martin, M. M. & Rubin, R. B. (1995). A new measure of cognitive flexibility. Psychological Reports, 76(2), 623-626. https://doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1995.76.2.623
  • McElwain, A. K., Korabik, K., & Rosin, H. M. (2005). An examination of gender differences in work-family conflict. Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science, 37(4), 283-298. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0087263
  • Nurmi, J.-E. (1991). How do adolescents see their future? A review of the development of future orientation and planning. Developmental Review, 11(1), 1-59. https://doi.org/10.1016/0273-2297(91)90002-6
  • Pisarik, C. T., Rowell, P. C., & Thompson, L. K. (2017). A phenomenological study of career anxiety among college students. The Career Development Quarterly, 65(4), 339-352. https://doi.org/10.1002/cdq.12112
  • Rathore, S. & Jain, P. (2022). Career anxiety and its correlates. International Journal of Early Childhood Special Education, 14(5), 3021-3027. https://doi.org/10.9756/INTJECSE/V14I5.315
  • Saka, N., Gati, I., & Kelly, K. R. (2008). Emotional and personality-related aspects of career-decision making difficulties. Journal of Career Assessment, 16(4), 403–424. https://doi.org/10.1177/1069072708318900
  • Santrock, J. W. (2014). Yaşam boyu gelişim (G. Yüksel, Çev.). Nobel Akademi.
  • Sarıçam, H., Erguvan, F. M., Akın, A., & Akça, M. Ş. (2014). Belirsizliğe tahammülsüzlük ölçeği (BTÖ-12) Türkçe Formu: Geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması. Route Educational and Social Science Journal, 1(3), 148-157. https://tr-scales.arabpsychology.com/belirsizlige-tahammulsuzluk-olcegi-bto-12/ sayfasından erişilmiştir.
  • Shin, Y.-J. & Lee, J.-Y. (2019). Self-focused attention and career anxiety: The mediating role of career adaptability. The Career Development Quarterly, 67(2), 110–125. https://doi.org/10.1002/cdq.12175
  • Şahin, S. B. (2022). Examination of university students' perceptions of the career future in terms of tolerance for uncertainty and cognitive flexibility. Journal of Career Review, 1(1), 11-23. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7492831
  • Şama, H. (2020). Ergenlerin kariyer kaygısını yordamada aile desteği ve umudun rolü (Yüksek Lisans Tezi). https://tez.yok.gov.tr sayfasından erişilmiştir.
  • Şeker, G. (2020). Well-being and career anxiety as predictors of career indecision. Pamukkale University Journal of Education, 51, 262-275. https://doi.org/10.9779/pauefd.706983
  • Tabachnick, B. G. & Fidell, L. S. (2013). Using multivariate statistics (6. b.). Allyn & Bacon.
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Cognitive Flexibility and Intolerance of Uncertainty as Predictors of Career Anxiety in Adolescents

Year 2024, Volume: 22 Issue: 3, 2435 - 2449, 31.12.2024

Osman Gönültaş , Sezen Güleç

https://doi.org/10.37217/tebd.1490061

Abstract

In the current study, the predictive effects of cognitive flexibility and intolerance of uncertainty on career anxiety were investigated in adolescents. Moreover, it was examined whether adolescents’ career anxiety levels varied significantly depending on the gender variable. The study employed the relational survey model. The study group consisted of a total of 420 high school students, 245 females and 145 males. The mean age of the participants is 16.03. The data of the study were collected by using the Career Anxiety Scale, Cognitive Flexibility Scale and Intolerance of Uncertainty Scale. In the study, it was concluded that cognitive flexibility significantly and negatively predicted the level of career anxiety, and intolerance of uncertainty significantly and positively predicted it. Cognitive flexibility and intolerance of uncertainty together explained 17% of the variance in career anxiety. In addition, the level of career anxiety was found to vary significantly depending on the gender in favour of the male students. In other words, female students experience higher career anxiety than male students. The findings were discussed in relation to the relevant literature, and some suggestions were presented to the researchers.

Keywords

Career anxiety Cognitive flexibility Intolerance of uncertainty Adolescents

References

  • Akos, P. & Niles, S. G. (2007). Promoting educational and career planning in schools. B. T. Erford (Ed.), Transforming the school counseling profession içinde (s. 195-210). Pearson Merrill Prentice Hall.
  • Altıntaş, E. & Gültekin, M. (2003). Psikolojik danışma kuramları. Alfa Aktüel.
  • Andersen, S. L. & Teicher, M. H. (2008). Stress, sensitive periods and maturational events in adolescent depression. Trends in Neurosciences, 31(4), 183-191. https://doi.org/10.1016/j. tins.2008.01.004
  • Arbona, C., Fan, W., Phang, A., Olvera, N., & Dios, M. (2021). Intolerance of uncertainty, anxiety, and career indecision: A mediation model. Journal of Career Assessment, 29(4), 1-18. https://doi.org/10.1177/10690727211002564
  • Atikah, D. N., Kurniawati, F., & Rifameutia, T. (2023). Students’ career anxiety: A systematic literature review. Jurnal Pendidikan Progresif, 13(3), 1366-1381. https://doi.org/10.23960/jpp.v13.i2.202335.
  • Barbey, A. K., Colom, R., & Grafman, J. (2013). Architecture of cognitive flexibility revealed by lesion mapping. NeuroImage, 82, 547-554. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2013.05.087
  • Barlow, D. H. (2000). Unraveling the mysteries of anxiety and its disorders from the perspective of emotion theory. American Psychologist, 55(11), 1247-1263. https://doi.org/10.1037//0003-066x.55.11.1247
  • Boo, S., Kim, M., & Kim, S. H. (2022). The relationship among undergraduate students’ career anxiety, choice goals, and academic performance. Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Education, 34(4), 229-244. https://doi.org/10.1080/10963758.2021.1963756
  • Buhr, K. & Dugas, M. J. (2002). The intolerance of uncertainty scale: Psychometric properties of the English version. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 40(8), 931-945. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0005-7967(01)00092-4.
  • Campagna, C. G. & Curtis, G. J. (2007). So worried I don't know what to be: Anxiety is associated with increased career indecision and reduced career certainty. Australian Journal of Guidance & Counselling, 17(1), 91-96. https://doi.org/10.1375/ajgc.17.1.91
  • Carleton, R. N., Sharpe, D., & Asmundson, G. J. (2007). Anxiety sensitivity and intolerance of uncertainty: Requisites of the fundamental fears? Behaviour Research Therapy, 45(10), 2307-2316. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brat.2007.04.006
  • Çelikkaleli, Ö. (2014). Bilişsel Esneklik Ölçeği’nin geçerlik ve güvenirliği. Eğitim ve Bilim, 39(176), 339-346. http://dx.doi.org/10.15390/EB.2014.3466
  • Çetin-Gündüz, H. & Nalbantoğlu-Yılmaz, F. (2016). Lise öğrencilerinin kariyer kaygılarını belirlemeye yönelik ölçek geliştirme çalışması. Mersin Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 12(3), 1008-1022. https://doi.org/10.17860/mersinefd.282397
  • Daniels, L. M., Stewart, T. L., Stupnisky, R. H., Perry, R. P., & LoVerso, T. (2011). Relieving career anxiety and indecision: The role of undergraduate students’ perceived control and faculty affiliations. Social Psychology of Education, 14(3), 409–426. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11218-010-9151-x
  • Demirtaş, A. S. & Yıldız, B. (2019). Hopelessness and perceived stress: The mediating role of cognitive flexibility and intolerance of uncertainty. Dusunen Adam The Journal of Psychiatry and Neurological Sciences, 32, 259-267. https://doi.org/10.14744/DAJPNS.2019.00035
  • Dennis, J. P. & Vander Wal, J. S. (2010). The Cognitive Flexibility Inventory: Instrument development and estimates of reliability and validity. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 34(3), 241-253. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10608-009-9276-4
  • Denson, T. F., Creswell, J. D., Terides, M. D., & Blundell, K. (2014). Cognitive reappraisal increases neuroendocrine reactivity to acute social stress and physical pain. Psychoneuroendocrinology, 49, 69-78. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psyneuen.2014.07.003
  • Dugas, M. J., Buhr, K., & Ladouceur, R. (2004). The role of intolerance of uncertainty in etiology and maintenance. R. G. Heimberg, C. L. Turk, & D. S. Mennin (Ed.), Generalized anxiety disorder: Advances in research and practice içinde (s. 142-163). Guilford.
  • Flandermeyer, E. M. (2019). What do you want to be when you grow up? Cognitive flexibility ınfluences career decision making and related anxiety (Bitirme Tezi). https://digitalcommons.butler.edu/ugtheses/477/ sayfasından erişilmiştir.
  • Forman, E. M. & Davies, P. T. (2003). Family instability and young adolescent maladjustment: The mediating effects of parenting quality and adolescent appraisals of family security. Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, 32(1), 94-105. https://doi.org/10.1207/S15374424JCCP3201_09
  • Göncü-Akbaş, M. (2019). Lise öğrencilerinin kariyer kaygısı üzerine bir araştırma: Antalya ili örneği (Yüksek Lisans Tezi). https://tez.yok.gov.tr sayfasından erişilmiştir.
  • Huizinga, M., Dolan, C. V., & van der Molen, M. W. (2006). Age-related change in executive function: Developmental trends and a latent variable analysis. Neuropsychologia, 44(11), 2017-2036. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2006.01.010
  • İlhan, A. H. & Yüksel-Şahin, F. (2023). Lise öğrencilerinin kariyer kararlarının ve kariyer kaygılarının, kariyer yapılandırmalarına, sorumluluk duygusuna ve davranışına göre incelenmesi. The Journal of Social Sciences, 64(64), 429-453. https://doi.org/10.29228/SOBIDER.70192
  • Karasar, N. (2016). Bilimsel araştırma yöntemi. Nobel.
  • Kercood, S., Lineweaver, T. T., Frank, C. C., & Fromm, E. D. (2017). Cognitive flexibility and its relationship to academic achievement and career choice of college students with and without attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Journal of Postsecondary Education and Disability, 30(4), 329-344. https://eric.ed.gov/?id=EJ1172788 sayfasından erişilmiştir.
  • Kurniawan, S., Purwanta, E., Situmorang, D., & Ifdil, I. (2021). Blended counseling to reduce career anxiety of adolescents during the covid-19 era. The International Journal of Counseling and Education, 6(3), 120-128. https://doi.org/10.23916/0020210636640
  • Mahmud, M. S., Talukder, M. U., & Rahman, S. M. (2021). Does fear of COVID-19 trigger future career anxiety? An empirical investigation considering depression from COVID-19 as a mediator. International Journal of Social Psychiatry, 67(1), 35–45. https://doi.org/10.1177/00207640209354
  • Martin, M. M. & Anderson, C. M. (1998). The cognitive flexibility scale: Three validity studies. Communication Reports, 11(1), 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1080/08934219809367680
  • Martin, M. M. & Rubin, R. B. (1995). A new measure of cognitive flexibility. Psychological Reports, 76(2), 623-626. https://doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1995.76.2.623
  • McElwain, A. K., Korabik, K., & Rosin, H. M. (2005). An examination of gender differences in work-family conflict. Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science, 37(4), 283-298. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0087263
  • Nurmi, J.-E. (1991). How do adolescents see their future? A review of the development of future orientation and planning. Developmental Review, 11(1), 1-59. https://doi.org/10.1016/0273-2297(91)90002-6
  • Pisarik, C. T., Rowell, P. C., & Thompson, L. K. (2017). A phenomenological study of career anxiety among college students. The Career Development Quarterly, 65(4), 339-352. https://doi.org/10.1002/cdq.12112
  • Rathore, S. & Jain, P. (2022). Career anxiety and its correlates. International Journal of Early Childhood Special Education, 14(5), 3021-3027. https://doi.org/10.9756/INTJECSE/V14I5.315
  • Saka, N., Gati, I., & Kelly, K. R. (2008). Emotional and personality-related aspects of career-decision making difficulties. Journal of Career Assessment, 16(4), 403–424. https://doi.org/10.1177/1069072708318900
  • Santrock, J. W. (2014). Yaşam boyu gelişim (G. Yüksel, Çev.). Nobel Akademi.
  • Sarıçam, H., Erguvan, F. M., Akın, A., & Akça, M. Ş. (2014). Belirsizliğe tahammülsüzlük ölçeği (BTÖ-12) Türkçe Formu: Geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması. Route Educational and Social Science Journal, 1(3), 148-157. https://tr-scales.arabpsychology.com/belirsizlige-tahammulsuzluk-olcegi-bto-12/ sayfasından erişilmiştir.
  • Shin, Y.-J. & Lee, J.-Y. (2019). Self-focused attention and career anxiety: The mediating role of career adaptability. The Career Development Quarterly, 67(2), 110–125. https://doi.org/10.1002/cdq.12175
  • Şahin, S. B. (2022). Examination of university students' perceptions of the career future in terms of tolerance for uncertainty and cognitive flexibility. Journal of Career Review, 1(1), 11-23. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7492831
  • Şama, H. (2020). Ergenlerin kariyer kaygısını yordamada aile desteği ve umudun rolü (Yüksek Lisans Tezi). https://tez.yok.gov.tr sayfasından erişilmiştir.
  • Şeker, G. (2020). Well-being and career anxiety as predictors of career indecision. Pamukkale University Journal of Education, 51, 262-275. https://doi.org/10.9779/pauefd.706983
  • Tabachnick, B. G. & Fidell, L. S. (2013). Using multivariate statistics (6. b.). Allyn & Bacon.
  • Trevor-Roberts, E. (2006). Are you sure? The role of uncertainty in career. Journal of Employment Counseling, 43(3), 98-116. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.2161-1920.2006.tb00010.x
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Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Career Counseling, School Counseling
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Osman Gönültaş 0000-0003-1904-5121

Sezen Güleç 0000-0003-4045-1650

Early Pub Date December 30, 2024
Publication Date December 31, 2024
Submission Date May 25, 2024
Acceptance Date December 10, 2024
Published in Issue Year 2024 Volume: 22 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Gönültaş, O., & Güleç, S. (2024). Ergenlerde Kariyer Kaygısının Yordayıcısı Olarak Bilişsel Esneklik ve Belirsizliğe Tahammülsüzlük. Türk Eğitim Bilimleri Dergisi, 22(3), 2435-2449. https://doi.org/10.37217/tebd.1490061
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