Research Article
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Year 2025, Volume: 12 Issue: 3, 705 - 715, 23.07.2025

İrem Uçan , Mevlüt Akçura

https://doi.org/10.30910/turkjans.1721251

Abstract

References

  • Adjel, F., Bouzerzour, H., & Benmahammed, A. (2013). Salt stress effects on seed germination and seedling growth of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) genotypes. Journal of Agriculture and Sustainability, 3(2), 1–9.
  • Akçura, S. (2021). Sebze tipi sakız fasulyesinde tuza toleranslı genotiplerin araştırılması. Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Tarım ve Doğa Dergisi, 24(1), 99–107.
  • Akçura, M., Partigoç, F., & Kaya, Y. (2011). Evaluating drought stress tolerance based on selection indices in Turkish bread wheat landraces. Journal of Animal and Plant Sciences, 21(4), 700–709.
  • Akçura, M., Turan, V., Kokten, K., & Kaplan, M. (2019). Fatty acid and some micro element compositions of cluster bean (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba) genotype seeds growing under Mediterranean climate. Industrial Crops and Products, 128, 140–146. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2018.11.036
  • Akram, M., Ashraf, M. Y., Ahmad, R., Waraich, E. A., Iqbal, J., & Mohsan, M. (2010). Screening for salt tolerance in maize (Zea mays L.) hybrids at an early seedling stage. Pakistan Journal of Botany, 42(1), 141–154.
  • Ashraf, M., Athar, H. R., Harris, P. J. C., & Kwon, T. R. (2008). Some prospective strategies for improving crop salt tolerance. Advances in Agronomy, 97, 45–110. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0065-2113(07)00002-8
  • Ashraf, M., & Lin, W. (1994). Breeding for salinity tolerance in plants. Critical Reviews in Plant Sciences, 13(1), 17–42. https://doi.org/10.1080/07352689409701906
  • Ashraf, M., & Foolad, M. R. (2007). Improving plant abiotic-stress resistance by exogenous application of osmoprotectants glycine betaine and proline. Environmental and Experimental Botany, 59(2), 206–216. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envexpbot.2005.12.006
  • Baldwin, A. H., McKee, K. L., & Mendelssohn, I. A. (1996). The influence of vegetation, salinity, and inundation on seed banks of oligohaline coastal marshes. American Journal of Botany, 83(4), 470–479. https://doi.org/10.2307/2446200
  • Begum, F., Karmoker, J. L., Fattah, Q. A., & Maniruzzaman, A. F. M. (1992). Effect of salinity and its correlation with K+, Na+, and Cl– accumulation in germinating seeds of Triticum aestivum L. cv. Akbar. Plant and Cell Physiology, 33(7), 1009–1014.
  • Benlioğlu, B., & Özkan, U. (2015). Farklı arpa çeşitlerinin çimlenme dönemlerinde tuz stresine tepkileri. Tarla Bitkileri Merkez Araştırma Enstitüsü Dergisi, 24(2), 109–114.
  • Cucci, G., De Caro, A., Ciciretti, L., & Leoni, B. (1994). Salinity and seed germination of some vegetable crops. In Proceedings of International Symposium on Agrotechnics and Storage of Vegetable and Ornamental Seeds (pp. 305–310).
  • Demir, I., Mavi, K., & Okçu, G. (2003). Effect of salt stress on germination and seedling growth in serially harvested aubergine (Solanum melongena L.) seeds during development. Israel Journal of Plant Sciences, 51, 125–131. https://doi.org/10.1560/NF40-VY7R-2T8B-CEAJ
  • Elkoca, E. (1997). Fasulye (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)'de tuza dayanıklılık üzerine bir çalışma [Unpublished master’s thesis]. Atatürk Üniversitesi, Erzurum, Türkiye.
  • Esechie, H. A. (1994). Interaction of salinity and temperature on the germination of sorghum. Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science, 172(3), 194–199. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-037X.1994.tb00169.x
  • Foolad, M. R. (2004). Recent advances in genetics of salt tolerance in tomato. Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture, 76(2), 101–119. https://doi.org/10.1023/B:TICU.0000007308.47649.57
  • Gabriel, K. R. (1971). The biplot graphic display of matrices with application to principal component analysis. Biometrika, 58(3), 453–467. https://doi.org/10.1093/biomet/58.3.453
  • Ghoulam, C., & Fares, K. (2001). Effect of salinity on seed germination and early seedling growth of sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.). Seed Science and Technology, 29, 357–364.
  • Goertz, S. H., & Coons, J. M. (1989). Germination response of tepary and navy beans to sodium chloride and temperature. HortScience, 24(6), 923–925.
  • Gupta, J. K., Srivastava, A. B., & Sharma, K. K. (1989). Estimation of true change using additional information provided by an auxiliary variable. Journal of Experimental Education, 57(2), 143–150.
  • Güldüren, Ş., & Elkoca, E. (2012). Fasulye genotiplerinin tuza toleransları. Atatürk Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 43(1), 29–41.
  • Hasegawa, P. M., Bressan, R. A., & Handa, A. K. (1986). Cellular mechanisms of salinity tolerance. HortScience, 21(6), 1317–1324.
  • He, M., He, C. Q., & Ding, N. Z. (2018). Abiotic stresses: General defenses of land plants and chances for engineering multistress tolerance. Frontiers in Plant Science, 9, 1771. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2018.01771
  • Jana, M. K., & Slinkard, A. E. (1976). Screening for salt tolerance in lentil. Lens Newsletter, 6, 5–27.
  • Kanber, R., & Ünlü, M. (2010). Tarımda su ve toprak tuzluluğu. Ç.Ü. Ziraat Fakültesi Yayınları.
  • Kandil, A. A., Sharief, A. E., & Ahmed, S. R. H. (2012). Germination and seedling growth of some chickpea cultivars (Cicer arietinum L.) under salinity stress. Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences, 8(2), 561–571.
  • Kırtok, Y., Veli, S., Tükel, T., Düzenli, S., & Kılınç, M. (1994). Evaluation of salinity stress on germination characteristics and seedling growth of 3 bread wheats. In Proceedings of Tarla Bitkileri Kongresi (Vol. 1, pp. 57–61). E.Ü. Ziraat Fakültesi.
  • Koyro, H. W., & Eisa, S. S. (2008). Effect of salinity on composition, viability and germination of seeds of Chenopodium quinoa. Plant and Soil, 302(1), 79–90.
  • Liang, C. (2016). Genetically modified crops with drought tolerance: Achievements, challenges, and perspectives. In M. A. Hossain et al. (Eds.), Drought stress tolerance in plants, Vol 2: Molecular and genetic perspectives (pp. 531–547). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-32423-4_20
  • Li, M., Chen, R., Jiang, Q., Sun, X., Zhang, H., & Hu, Z. (2020). GmNAC06, a NAC domain transcription factor, enhances salt stress tolerance in soybean. Plant Molecular Biology, 105(3), 333–345. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11103-020-01029-4
  • Mahmood-ur-Rahman, Ijaz, M., Qamar, S., Bukhari, S. A., & Malik, K. (2019). Abiotic stress signaling in rice crop. In M. Hasanuzzaman et al. (Eds.), Advances in rice research for abiotic stress tolerance (pp. 551–569). Woodhead Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-814332-2.00029-2
  • Marson, M., Saccone, D., & Vallino, E. (2023). Total trade, cereals trade and undernourishment: New empirical evidence for developing countries. Review of World Economics, 159, 299–332. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10290-022-00460-6
  • Mooney, H. A., Hobbs, R. J., Gorham, J., et al. (1986). Biomass accumulation and resource utilization in co-occurring grassland annuals. Oecologia, 70(4), 555–558. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00379975
  • Munns, R., & Tester, M. (2008). Mechanisms of salinity tolerance. Annual Review of Plant Biology, 59, 651–681. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.arplant.59.032607.092911
  • Özkaldı, A., Boz, B., & Yazıcıoğlu, V. (2004). GAP’ta drenaj sorunları ve çözüm önerileri. In Sulanan Alanlarda Tuzluluk Yönetimi Sempozyumu Bildiriler Kitabı (pp. 97–106). Ankara, Türkiye.
  • Pagán, I., & García-Arenal, F. (2018). Tolerance to plant pathogens: Theory and experimental evidence. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 19(3), 810. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms19030810
  • Patel, P. R., Kajal, S. S., Patel, V. R., Patel, V. J., & Khristi, S. M. (2010). Impact of saline water stress on nutrient uptake and growth of cowpea. Brazilian Journal of Plant Physiology, 22(1), 43–48. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1677-04202010000100006
  • Pessarakli, M., Tucker, T. C., & Nakabayashi, K. (1991). Growth response of barley and wheat to salt stress. Journal of Plant Nutrition, 14(4), 331–340. https://doi.org/10.1080/01904169109364111
  • Rasheed, M. J. Z., Ahmad, K., Ashraf, M., Al-Qurainy, F., Khan, S., & Athar, H. U. R. (2015). Screening of diverse local germplasm of guar [Cyamopsis tetragonoloba (L.) Taub.] for salt tolerance: A possible approach to utilize salt-affected soils. Pakistan Journal of Botany, 47(5), 1721–1726.
  • SAS Institute. (2004). JMP user’s guide: Version 8.01.2. SAS Institute.
  • Saxena, N. P., Saxena, M. C., Ruckenbauer, P., Rana, R. S., El-Fouly, M. M., & Shabana, R. (1994). Screening techniques and sources of tolerance to salinity and mineral nutrient imbalances in cool-season food legumes. Euphytica, 73(1), 85–94. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00027191
  • Shannon, M. C. (1998). Adaptation of plants to salinity. Advances in Agronomy, 60, 75–120. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0065-2113(08)60601-X
  • Shewry, P. R. (2009). Wheat. Journal of Experimental Botany, 60(6), 1537–1553. https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/erp058
  • Stavridou, E., Hastings, A., Webster, R. J., & Robson, P. R. H. (2017). The impact of soil salinity on the yield, composition and physiology of the bioenergy grass Miscanthus × giganteus. GCB Bioenergy, 9(1), 92–104. https://doi.org/10.1111/gcbb.12323
  • Taghipour, F., & Salehi, M. (2008). The study of salt tolerance of Iranian barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) genotypes in seedling growth stages. Biological Diversity and Conservation, 1(2), 53–58.
  • TÜİK. (2024). TÜİK - Veri Portalı. https://www.tuik.gov.tr/ (Erişim tarihi: Ocak 2024)
  • Van Dijk, M., Morley, T., Rau, M. L., & Saghai, Y. (2021). A meta-analysis of projected global food demand and population at risk of hunger for the period 2010–2050. Nature Food, 2(7), 494–501. https://doi.org/10.1038/s43016-021-00322-9
  • Vardar, Y., Çifci, E. A., & Yağdı, K. (2014). Salinity effects on germination stage of bread and durum wheat cultivars. Yüzüncü Yıl University Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 24(2), 127–139.
  • Wang, W., Vinocur, B., & Altman, A. (2003). Plant responses to drought, salinity and extreme temperatures: Toward genetic engineering for stress tolerance. Planta, 218(1), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00425-003-1105-5
  • Yan, W. (2014). Crop variety trials: Data management and analysis. John Wiley & Sons. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118688571

Responses of Some Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Cultivars to Salinity Stress During Germination and Early Seedling Development Stages

Year 2025, Volume: 12 Issue: 3, 705 - 715, 23.07.2025

İrem Uçan , Mevlüt Akçura

https://doi.org/10.30910/turkjans.1721251

Abstract

This study aimed to assess the NaCl tolerance of 10 bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars during germination and early seedling development. The evaluation was conducted on shoot dry weight and shoot length across five salt concentrations (0, 4, 8, 12, and 16 dS m⁻¹).The effects of salt treatment, variety, and the interaction between salt and variety were statistically significant (P<0.01, P<0.05) for all examined wheat varieties (Serince, Hamza, NKÜ Lider, Almeria, Adana99, Bora, Eksperia, Falado, Selimiye, Gelibolu). Regression analysis and GGE biplot analysis were conducted to assess varieties under various salt treatments, treating the salt treatments as "environments." The GGE biplot accounted for 97% of the overall variation. The relative positions of variety in the regression graphs and GGE biplot graphs were congruent. The varieties NKÜ Lider, Serince, Bora, and Almeria had a lesser reduce in weight under salt stress compared to the control and demonstrated positive PC1 and PC2 values, thus being recognized as the most salt-tolerant. Conversely, the cultivars Adana99, Selimiye, and Gelibolu, which exhibited low shoot dry weight under control conditions and were significantly impacted by salt treatments, were identified as the most salt-sensitive. The GGE biplot approach determined 8 dS m⁻¹ as the threshold for salt tolerance based on the average axis utilized for variety selection. The paper indicates that integrating regression analysis with GGE biplot analysis in future investigations of salt-tolerant genotypes will enhance selection efficacy for researchers.

Keywords

Bread wheat Salinity stress Germination Seedling development

Ethical Statement

Bu çalışmanın etik kurul izni gerektirmeyen çalışmalardan olduğunu sorumlu yazar olarak beyan ederim.

Supporting Institution

İçdaş Tarım

References

  • Adjel, F., Bouzerzour, H., & Benmahammed, A. (2013). Salt stress effects on seed germination and seedling growth of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) genotypes. Journal of Agriculture and Sustainability, 3(2), 1–9.
  • Akçura, S. (2021). Sebze tipi sakız fasulyesinde tuza toleranslı genotiplerin araştırılması. Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Tarım ve Doğa Dergisi, 24(1), 99–107.
  • Akçura, M., Partigoç, F., & Kaya, Y. (2011). Evaluating drought stress tolerance based on selection indices in Turkish bread wheat landraces. Journal of Animal and Plant Sciences, 21(4), 700–709.
  • Akçura, M., Turan, V., Kokten, K., & Kaplan, M. (2019). Fatty acid and some micro element compositions of cluster bean (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba) genotype seeds growing under Mediterranean climate. Industrial Crops and Products, 128, 140–146. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2018.11.036
  • Akram, M., Ashraf, M. Y., Ahmad, R., Waraich, E. A., Iqbal, J., & Mohsan, M. (2010). Screening for salt tolerance in maize (Zea mays L.) hybrids at an early seedling stage. Pakistan Journal of Botany, 42(1), 141–154.
  • Ashraf, M., Athar, H. R., Harris, P. J. C., & Kwon, T. R. (2008). Some prospective strategies for improving crop salt tolerance. Advances in Agronomy, 97, 45–110. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0065-2113(07)00002-8
  • Ashraf, M., & Lin, W. (1994). Breeding for salinity tolerance in plants. Critical Reviews in Plant Sciences, 13(1), 17–42. https://doi.org/10.1080/07352689409701906
  • Ashraf, M., & Foolad, M. R. (2007). Improving plant abiotic-stress resistance by exogenous application of osmoprotectants glycine betaine and proline. Environmental and Experimental Botany, 59(2), 206–216. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envexpbot.2005.12.006
  • Baldwin, A. H., McKee, K. L., & Mendelssohn, I. A. (1996). The influence of vegetation, salinity, and inundation on seed banks of oligohaline coastal marshes. American Journal of Botany, 83(4), 470–479. https://doi.org/10.2307/2446200
  • Begum, F., Karmoker, J. L., Fattah, Q. A., & Maniruzzaman, A. F. M. (1992). Effect of salinity and its correlation with K+, Na+, and Cl– accumulation in germinating seeds of Triticum aestivum L. cv. Akbar. Plant and Cell Physiology, 33(7), 1009–1014.
  • Benlioğlu, B., & Özkan, U. (2015). Farklı arpa çeşitlerinin çimlenme dönemlerinde tuz stresine tepkileri. Tarla Bitkileri Merkez Araştırma Enstitüsü Dergisi, 24(2), 109–114.
  • Cucci, G., De Caro, A., Ciciretti, L., & Leoni, B. (1994). Salinity and seed germination of some vegetable crops. In Proceedings of International Symposium on Agrotechnics and Storage of Vegetable and Ornamental Seeds (pp. 305–310).
  • Demir, I., Mavi, K., & Okçu, G. (2003). Effect of salt stress on germination and seedling growth in serially harvested aubergine (Solanum melongena L.) seeds during development. Israel Journal of Plant Sciences, 51, 125–131. https://doi.org/10.1560/NF40-VY7R-2T8B-CEAJ
  • Elkoca, E. (1997). Fasulye (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)'de tuza dayanıklılık üzerine bir çalışma [Unpublished master’s thesis]. Atatürk Üniversitesi, Erzurum, Türkiye.
  • Esechie, H. A. (1994). Interaction of salinity and temperature on the germination of sorghum. Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science, 172(3), 194–199. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-037X.1994.tb00169.x
  • Foolad, M. R. (2004). Recent advances in genetics of salt tolerance in tomato. Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture, 76(2), 101–119. https://doi.org/10.1023/B:TICU.0000007308.47649.57
  • Gabriel, K. R. (1971). The biplot graphic display of matrices with application to principal component analysis. Biometrika, 58(3), 453–467. https://doi.org/10.1093/biomet/58.3.453
  • Ghoulam, C., & Fares, K. (2001). Effect of salinity on seed germination and early seedling growth of sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.). Seed Science and Technology, 29, 357–364.
  • Goertz, S. H., & Coons, J. M. (1989). Germination response of tepary and navy beans to sodium chloride and temperature. HortScience, 24(6), 923–925.
  • Gupta, J. K., Srivastava, A. B., & Sharma, K. K. (1989). Estimation of true change using additional information provided by an auxiliary variable. Journal of Experimental Education, 57(2), 143–150.
  • Güldüren, Ş., & Elkoca, E. (2012). Fasulye genotiplerinin tuza toleransları. Atatürk Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 43(1), 29–41.
  • Hasegawa, P. M., Bressan, R. A., & Handa, A. K. (1986). Cellular mechanisms of salinity tolerance. HortScience, 21(6), 1317–1324.
  • He, M., He, C. Q., & Ding, N. Z. (2018). Abiotic stresses: General defenses of land plants and chances for engineering multistress tolerance. Frontiers in Plant Science, 9, 1771. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2018.01771
  • Jana, M. K., & Slinkard, A. E. (1976). Screening for salt tolerance in lentil. Lens Newsletter, 6, 5–27.
  • Kanber, R., & Ünlü, M. (2010). Tarımda su ve toprak tuzluluğu. Ç.Ü. Ziraat Fakültesi Yayınları.
  • Kandil, A. A., Sharief, A. E., & Ahmed, S. R. H. (2012). Germination and seedling growth of some chickpea cultivars (Cicer arietinum L.) under salinity stress. Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences, 8(2), 561–571.
  • Kırtok, Y., Veli, S., Tükel, T., Düzenli, S., & Kılınç, M. (1994). Evaluation of salinity stress on germination characteristics and seedling growth of 3 bread wheats. In Proceedings of Tarla Bitkileri Kongresi (Vol. 1, pp. 57–61). E.Ü. Ziraat Fakültesi.
  • Koyro, H. W., & Eisa, S. S. (2008). Effect of salinity on composition, viability and germination of seeds of Chenopodium quinoa. Plant and Soil, 302(1), 79–90.
  • Liang, C. (2016). Genetically modified crops with drought tolerance: Achievements, challenges, and perspectives. In M. A. Hossain et al. (Eds.), Drought stress tolerance in plants, Vol 2: Molecular and genetic perspectives (pp. 531–547). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-32423-4_20
  • Li, M., Chen, R., Jiang, Q., Sun, X., Zhang, H., & Hu, Z. (2020). GmNAC06, a NAC domain transcription factor, enhances salt stress tolerance in soybean. Plant Molecular Biology, 105(3), 333–345. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11103-020-01029-4
  • Mahmood-ur-Rahman, Ijaz, M., Qamar, S., Bukhari, S. A., & Malik, K. (2019). Abiotic stress signaling in rice crop. In M. Hasanuzzaman et al. (Eds.), Advances in rice research for abiotic stress tolerance (pp. 551–569). Woodhead Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-814332-2.00029-2
  • Marson, M., Saccone, D., & Vallino, E. (2023). Total trade, cereals trade and undernourishment: New empirical evidence for developing countries. Review of World Economics, 159, 299–332. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10290-022-00460-6
  • Mooney, H. A., Hobbs, R. J., Gorham, J., et al. (1986). Biomass accumulation and resource utilization in co-occurring grassland annuals. Oecologia, 70(4), 555–558. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00379975
  • Munns, R., & Tester, M. (2008). Mechanisms of salinity tolerance. Annual Review of Plant Biology, 59, 651–681. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.arplant.59.032607.092911
  • Özkaldı, A., Boz, B., & Yazıcıoğlu, V. (2004). GAP’ta drenaj sorunları ve çözüm önerileri. In Sulanan Alanlarda Tuzluluk Yönetimi Sempozyumu Bildiriler Kitabı (pp. 97–106). Ankara, Türkiye.
  • Pagán, I., & García-Arenal, F. (2018). Tolerance to plant pathogens: Theory and experimental evidence. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 19(3), 810. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms19030810
  • Patel, P. R., Kajal, S. S., Patel, V. R., Patel, V. J., & Khristi, S. M. (2010). Impact of saline water stress on nutrient uptake and growth of cowpea. Brazilian Journal of Plant Physiology, 22(1), 43–48. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1677-04202010000100006
  • Pessarakli, M., Tucker, T. C., & Nakabayashi, K. (1991). Growth response of barley and wheat to salt stress. Journal of Plant Nutrition, 14(4), 331–340. https://doi.org/10.1080/01904169109364111
  • Rasheed, M. J. Z., Ahmad, K., Ashraf, M., Al-Qurainy, F., Khan, S., & Athar, H. U. R. (2015). Screening of diverse local germplasm of guar [Cyamopsis tetragonoloba (L.) Taub.] for salt tolerance: A possible approach to utilize salt-affected soils. Pakistan Journal of Botany, 47(5), 1721–1726.
  • SAS Institute. (2004). JMP user’s guide: Version 8.01.2. SAS Institute.
  • Saxena, N. P., Saxena, M. C., Ruckenbauer, P., Rana, R. S., El-Fouly, M. M., & Shabana, R. (1994). Screening techniques and sources of tolerance to salinity and mineral nutrient imbalances in cool-season food legumes. Euphytica, 73(1), 85–94. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00027191
  • Shannon, M. C. (1998). Adaptation of plants to salinity. Advances in Agronomy, 60, 75–120. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0065-2113(08)60601-X
  • Shewry, P. R. (2009). Wheat. Journal of Experimental Botany, 60(6), 1537–1553. https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/erp058
  • Stavridou, E., Hastings, A., Webster, R. J., & Robson, P. R. H. (2017). The impact of soil salinity on the yield, composition and physiology of the bioenergy grass Miscanthus × giganteus. GCB Bioenergy, 9(1), 92–104. https://doi.org/10.1111/gcbb.12323
  • Taghipour, F., & Salehi, M. (2008). The study of salt tolerance of Iranian barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) genotypes in seedling growth stages. Biological Diversity and Conservation, 1(2), 53–58.
  • TÜİK. (2024). TÜİK - Veri Portalı. https://www.tuik.gov.tr/ (Erişim tarihi: Ocak 2024)
  • Van Dijk, M., Morley, T., Rau, M. L., & Saghai, Y. (2021). A meta-analysis of projected global food demand and population at risk of hunger for the period 2010–2050. Nature Food, 2(7), 494–501. https://doi.org/10.1038/s43016-021-00322-9
  • Vardar, Y., Çifci, E. A., & Yağdı, K. (2014). Salinity effects on germination stage of bread and durum wheat cultivars. Yüzüncü Yıl University Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 24(2), 127–139.
  • Wang, W., Vinocur, B., & Altman, A. (2003). Plant responses to drought, salinity and extreme temperatures: Toward genetic engineering for stress tolerance. Planta, 218(1), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00425-003-1105-5
  • Yan, W. (2014). Crop variety trials: Data management and analysis. John Wiley & Sons. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118688571
There are 50 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Cereals and Legumes
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

İrem Uçan 0000-0001-2345-6789

Mevlüt Akçura

Publication Date July 23, 2025
Submission Date June 17, 2025
Acceptance Date July 9, 2025
Published in Issue Year 2025 Volume: 12 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Uçan, İ., & Akçura, M. (2025). Responses of Some Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Cultivars to Salinity Stress During Germination and Early Seedling Development Stages. Turkish Journal of Agricultural and Natural Sciences, 12(3), 705-715. https://doi.org/10.30910/turkjans.1721251
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