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Year 2025, Volume: 11 Issue: 2, 69 - 76, 30.04.2025

Bereket Köse , Ahmet Atlı , Ayşegül Köse , Ramazan Şeker

https://doi.org/10.31459/turkjkin.1637900

Abstract

References

  • Aburto-Corona, J., & Aragón-Vargas, L. F. (2017). Refining music tempo for an ergogenic effect on stationary cycling exercise. Pensar en Movimiento: Revista de Ciencias del Ejercicio y la Salud, 15(2), 1-12.
  • Arazi, H., Asadi, A., & Purabed, M. (2015). Physiological and psychophysical responses to listening to music during warm‐up and circuit‐type resistance exercise in strength trained men. J Sports Med (Hindawi Publ Corp), 2015(1), 389831. doi: 10.1155/2015/389831
  • Atan, T. (2013). Effect of music on anaerobic exercise performance. Biology of Sport, 30(1), 35-39.
  • Ballmann C.G., Cook G.D., Hester Z.T., Kopec T.J., Williams T.D., Rogers R.R. (2020). Effects of preferred and non-preferred warm-up music on resistance exercise performance. J Funct Morphol Kinesiol, 6(1), 3. doi: 10.3390/jfmk6010003
  • Ballmann, C. G., McCullum, M. J., Rogers, R. R., Marshall, M. R., & Williams, T. D. (2021a). Effects of preferred vs. nonpreferred music on resistance exercise performance. J Strength Cond Res, 35(6), 1650-1655.
  • Ballmann, C. G., Favre, M. L., Phillips, M. T., Rogers, R. R., Pederson, J. A., & Williams, T. D. (2021). Effect of pre-exercise music on bench press power, velocity, and repetition volume. Percept Mot Skills, 128(3), 1183-1196. doi: 10.1177/00315125211002406
  • Bartolomei, S., Michele, R. D., & Merni, F. (2015). Effects of self-selected music on maximal bench press strength and strength endurance. Percept Mot Skills, 120(3), 714-721. doi: 10.2466/06.30.PMS.120v19x9
  • Bateman, A., & Bale, J. (Eds.). (2008). Sporting sounds: Relationships between sport and music. Routledge.
  • Biagini, M. S., Brown, L. E., Coburn, J. W., Judelson, D. A., Statler, T. A., Bottaro, M., Tran, T. T., & Longo, N. A. (2012). Effects of self-selected music on strength, explosiveness, and mood. J Strength Cond Res, 26(7), 1934-1938. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0b013e318237e7b3
  • Bigliassi, M., Karageorghis, C. I., Nowicky, A. V., Orgs, G., & Wright, M. J. (2016). Cerebral mechanisms underlying the effects of music during a fatiguing isometric ankle‐dorsiflexion task. Psychophysiology, 53(10), 1472-1483. doi: 10.1111/psyp.12693
  • Bigliassi, M., Karageorghis, C. I., Wright, M. J., Orgs, G., & Nowicky, A. V. (2017). Effects of auditory stimuli on electrical activity in the brain during cycle ergometry. Physiol Behav, 177, 135-147. doi: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2017.04.023
  • Borg, G. (1998). Borg's perceived exertion and pain scales. Human Kinetics.
  • Carlier, M., Delevoye-Turrell, Y., & Fun2move Consortium. (2017). Tolerance to exercise intensity modulates pleasure when exercising in music: The upsides of acoustic energy for High Tolerant individuals. PLoS One, 12(3), e0170383. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone. 0170383
  • Chtourou, H., Chaouachi, A., Hammouda, O., Chamari, K., & Souissi, N. (2012). Listening to music affects diurnal variation in muscle power output. International Journal of Sports Medicine, 33, 43–47.
  • Clark, I. N., Baker, F. A., & Taylor, N. F. (2016). The modulating effects of music listening on health-related exercise and physical activity in adults: A systematic review and narrative synthesis. Nord J Music Ther, 25, 76–104. doi: 10.1080/08098131.2015.1008558
  • Conrad, C., Niess, H., Jauch, K. W., Bruns, C. J., Hartl, W. H., & Welker, L. (2007). Overture for growth hormone: requiem for interleukin-6? Crit Care Med, 35(12), 2709-2713. doi: 10.1097/01.ccm.0000291648.99043.b9
  • Crust, L. (2004). Effects of familiar and unfamiliar asynchronous music on treadmill walking endurance. Percept Mot Skills, 99(1), 361-368. doi: 10.2466/pms.99.1.361-368
  • Cutrufello, P. T., Benson, B. A., & Landram, M. J. (2019). The effect of music on anaerobic exercise performance and muscular endurance. J Sports Med Phys Fitness, 60(3), 486-492. doi: 10.23736/S0022-4707.19.10228-9
  • De Lima, L. G. G., do Nascimento, E. M., Soares, E. M. S. S. S., Fonseca, S. C. F., Guerra, T. V. A., da Silva Alves, U., & de Almeida, T. G. (2023). Music as an ergogenic resource: The influence of music on performance during the practice of strength training and aerobic training. European Review of Artistic Studies, 14(2), 138-149. doi: 10.37334/eras.v14i2.292
  • Eliakim, M., Meckel, Y., Nemet, D., & Eliakim, A. (2007). The effect of music during warm-up on consecutive anaerobic performance in elite adolescent volleyball players. Int J Sports Med, 28, 321–325. doi: 10.1055/s-2006-924360
  • Filip-Stachnik, A., Wilk, M., Krzysztofik, M., Lulińska, E., Tufano, J. J., Zajac, A., Stastny, P., & Del Coso, J. (2021). The effects of different doses of caffeine on maximal strength and strength‐endurance in women habituated to caffeine. J Int Soc Sports Nutr, 18(1), 25. doi: 10.1186/s12970-021-00421-9
  • Folland, J. P., & Williams, A. G. (2007). Morphological and neurological contributions to increased strength. Sports Med, 37, 145-168. doi: 10.2165/00007256-200737020-00004
  • Greco, F., Rotundo, L., Grazioli, E., Parisi, A., Carraro, A., Muscoli, C., Paoli, A., Marcolin, G., & Emerenziani, G. P. (2022). Effects of self-selected versus motivational music on lower limb muscle strength and affective state in middle-aged adults. PeerJ, 10, e13795. doi: 10.7717/peerj.13795
  • Hallett, R., & Lamont, A. (2017). Music use in exercise: A questionnaire study. Media Psychol, 20, 658-684. doi: 10.1080/15213269.2016.1247716
  • Hutchinson, J. C., Jones, L., Vitti, S. N., Moore, A., Dalton, P. C., & O'Neil, B. J. (2018). The influence of self-selected music on affect-regulated exercise intensity and remembered pleasure during treadmill running. Sport Exerc Perform, 7(1), 80. doi: 10.1037/spy0000115
  • Hutchinson, J. C., Sherman, T., Davis, L., Cawthon, D., Reeder, N. B., & Tenenbaum, G. (2011). The influence of asynchronous motivational music on a supramaximal exercise bout. Int J Sport Psychol, 42(2), 135-148.
  • Karageorghis, C. I., Drew, K. M., & Terry, P. C. (1996). Effects of pretest stimulative and sedative music on grip strength. Percept Mot Skills, 83, 1347-1352. doi: 10.2466/pms.1996.83.3f.1347
  • Karageorghis, C. I., & Jones, L. (2014). On the stability and relevance of the exercise heart rate–music-tempo preference relationship. Psychol Sport Exerc, 15(3), 299-310. doi: 10.1016/j.psychsport.2013.08.004
  • Karageorghis, C. I., Cheek, P., Simpson, S. D., & Bigliassi, M. (2018). Interactive effects of music tempi and intensities on grip strength and subjective affect. Scand J Med Sci Sports, 28, 1166-1175. doi: 10.1111/sms.12979
  • Köse, B. (2017). The study of the influence of the music on aerobic and anaerobic performance [Doctoral dissertation, Ankara University]. CoHE Thesis Center.
  • Köse, B. (2018). Does motivational music influence maximal bench press strength and strength endurance? Asian Journal of Education and Training, 4(3), 197-200. doi: 10.20448/journal.522.2018. 43.197.200
  • Köse, B. (2020). Müziğin aerobik ve anaerobik performansa etkisinin incelenmesi (in Turkish). Türkiye: Nobel Publishing Group.
  • Köse, B., & Atli, A. (2019). Effect of different music tempos on aerobic performance and recovery. Progress in Nutrition, 21(4), 922-927. doi: 10.23751/pn.v21i4.8880
  • Latocha, A., Jarosz, J., Helbin, J., & Krzysztofik, M. (2024). Will Music give me power? Effects of listening to music during active and passive rest intervals on power output during resistance exercise. J Funct Morphol Kinesiol, 9(1), 32. doi: 10.3390/jfmk9010032
  • Lei, S., & Huang, W. (2020). Can music improve sports performance-literature review. Frontiers in Economics and Management, 1(12), 259-264. doi: 10.6981/FEM.202012_1(12).0041
  • Levitin, D. J. (2006). This is your brain on music: The science of a human obsession. New York, NY: Dutton Penguin.
  • Lim, H. B. T., Karageorghis, C. I., Romer, L. M., & Bishop, D. T. (2014). Psychophysiological effects of synchronous versus asynchronous music during cycling. Med Sci Sports Exerc, 46, 407–413. doi: 10.1249/MSS.0b013e3182a6378c
  • McGuigan, M. (2016). Administration, scoring, and interpretation of selected tests. In G. Haff & N. T. Triplett (Eds.), Essentials of Strength Training and Conditioning (pp. 259-316). Human Kinetics.
  • Mehr, S., A., Singh, M. Knox, Ketter, D., Pickens-Jones, D., Atwood, S., Lucas, C., Jacoby, N., Egner, A., Hopkins, E., Howard, R., Hartshorne, J., Jennings, M., Simson, J., Bainbridge, C., Pinker, S., O'Donnell, T., Krasnow, M., & Glowacki, L. (2019). Universality and diversity in human song. Science (New York, N.Y.), 366(6468), eaax0868. doi: 10.1126/science.aax0868
  • Miller, T.A. (2012) (Ed.) NSCA's guide to tests and assessments. Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics Publishing.
  • Mithen, S. J. (2006). The singing Neanderthals: The origins of music, language, mind, and body. Harvard University Press.
  • Moss, S. L., Enright, K. J., & Cushman, S. (2018). The influence of music genre on explosive power, repetitions to failure and mood responses during resistance exercise. Psychol Sport Exerc, 37(4), 128-138. doi: 10.1016/j.psychsport.2018.05.002
  • Nakamura, P. M., Pereira, G., Papini, C. B., Nakamura, F. Y., & Kokubun, E. (2010). Effects of preferred and nonpreferred music on continuous cycling exercise performance. Percept Mot Skills, 110, 257-264. doi: 10.2466/PMS.110.1.257-264
  • Ooishi, Y., Mukai, H., Watanabe, K., Kawato, S., & Kashino, M. (2017). Increase in salivary oxytocin and decrease in salivary cortisol after listening to relaxing slow-tempo and exciting fast-tempo music. PloS One, 12(12), e0189075. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0189075
  • Patel, A. D. (2008). Music, language, and the brain. New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
  • Pettit, J. A., & Karageorghis, C. I. (2020). Effects of video, priming, and music on motivation and self-efficacy in American football players. Int J Sports Sci Coach, 15(5-6), 685-695. doi: 10.1177/1747954120937
  • Sheppard, J. M., & Triplett, N. T. (2015). Program design for resistance training. In G. G. Haff & N. Travis Triplett (Eds.), Essentials of strength training and conditioning (4th ed., p. 715). Human Kinetics.
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The effects of preferred music during strength training: maximal strength, strength endurance and rating of perceived exertion

Year 2025, Volume: 11 Issue: 2, 69 - 76, 30.04.2025

Bereket Köse , Ahmet Atlı , Ayşegül Köse , Ramazan Şeker

https://doi.org/10.31459/turkjkin.1637900

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of listening to the music of choice of individuals performing strength training during training on maximal strength, strength endurance, and perceived exertion. 16 men with 1-2 years of strength training experience participated in the study. Participants' perceived exertion levels, maximum strength, and strength endurance with 75% of 1 maximum repetition were measured with the Borg scale on different days with their preferred music, non-preferred music, and no music. According to the results of the study, according to the perceived difficulty levels measured after the strength maintenance test, it is seen that preferred music (F=6.323; p<0.05) causes less effort than non-preferred music and no music. There was no difference in the rating of perceived exertion in the non-preferred music and no-music conditions. In the 1 maximal repetition bench press test, there was no statistical significance in the preferred music compared to the non-preferred music and no-music conditions (F=0.427; p>0.656). According to the results of the strength endurance test, it is seen that preferred music (F=5.737; p<0.008) provides more strength endurance than non-preferred music and no music. No difference was found between non-preferred music and no music (p>0.05). As a result, listening to the music that participants prefer during warm-up and exercise increases their strength endurance and decreases the perceived effort after strength endurance. It is observed that preferred or non-preferred music does not make any progress in maximal strength. Personal music preferences and listening to music with headphones during exercise sessions are recommended to improve strength and reduce perceived effort. Because music can redirect the individual's attention to thoughts unrelated to exercise at that moment. This can lead to less fatigue. At the same time, music is easily accessible, does not impose any extra cost on the person, and is seen to be effective as a psychological ergogenic aid.

Keywords

Ergogenic aid music and sports perceived exertion strength strength endurance

Ethical Statement

The ethics committee approval for the study was obtained from the Iğdır University Scientific Research and Publication Ethics Committee with the meeting number 2024/16 dated 23.05.2024 and it was carried out in accordance with the Code of Ethics of the World Medical Association also known as a declaration of Helsinki.

Supporting Institution

The authors declare that the study received no funding

References

  • Aburto-Corona, J., & Aragón-Vargas, L. F. (2017). Refining music tempo for an ergogenic effect on stationary cycling exercise. Pensar en Movimiento: Revista de Ciencias del Ejercicio y la Salud, 15(2), 1-12.
  • Arazi, H., Asadi, A., & Purabed, M. (2015). Physiological and psychophysical responses to listening to music during warm‐up and circuit‐type resistance exercise in strength trained men. J Sports Med (Hindawi Publ Corp), 2015(1), 389831. doi: 10.1155/2015/389831
  • Atan, T. (2013). Effect of music on anaerobic exercise performance. Biology of Sport, 30(1), 35-39.
  • Ballmann C.G., Cook G.D., Hester Z.T., Kopec T.J., Williams T.D., Rogers R.R. (2020). Effects of preferred and non-preferred warm-up music on resistance exercise performance. J Funct Morphol Kinesiol, 6(1), 3. doi: 10.3390/jfmk6010003
  • Ballmann, C. G., McCullum, M. J., Rogers, R. R., Marshall, M. R., & Williams, T. D. (2021a). Effects of preferred vs. nonpreferred music on resistance exercise performance. J Strength Cond Res, 35(6), 1650-1655.
  • Ballmann, C. G., Favre, M. L., Phillips, M. T., Rogers, R. R., Pederson, J. A., & Williams, T. D. (2021). Effect of pre-exercise music on bench press power, velocity, and repetition volume. Percept Mot Skills, 128(3), 1183-1196. doi: 10.1177/00315125211002406
  • Bartolomei, S., Michele, R. D., & Merni, F. (2015). Effects of self-selected music on maximal bench press strength and strength endurance. Percept Mot Skills, 120(3), 714-721. doi: 10.2466/06.30.PMS.120v19x9
  • Bateman, A., & Bale, J. (Eds.). (2008). Sporting sounds: Relationships between sport and music. Routledge.
  • Biagini, M. S., Brown, L. E., Coburn, J. W., Judelson, D. A., Statler, T. A., Bottaro, M., Tran, T. T., & Longo, N. A. (2012). Effects of self-selected music on strength, explosiveness, and mood. J Strength Cond Res, 26(7), 1934-1938. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0b013e318237e7b3
  • Bigliassi, M., Karageorghis, C. I., Nowicky, A. V., Orgs, G., & Wright, M. J. (2016). Cerebral mechanisms underlying the effects of music during a fatiguing isometric ankle‐dorsiflexion task. Psychophysiology, 53(10), 1472-1483. doi: 10.1111/psyp.12693
  • Bigliassi, M., Karageorghis, C. I., Wright, M. J., Orgs, G., & Nowicky, A. V. (2017). Effects of auditory stimuli on electrical activity in the brain during cycle ergometry. Physiol Behav, 177, 135-147. doi: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2017.04.023
  • Borg, G. (1998). Borg's perceived exertion and pain scales. Human Kinetics.
  • Carlier, M., Delevoye-Turrell, Y., & Fun2move Consortium. (2017). Tolerance to exercise intensity modulates pleasure when exercising in music: The upsides of acoustic energy for High Tolerant individuals. PLoS One, 12(3), e0170383. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone. 0170383
  • Chtourou, H., Chaouachi, A., Hammouda, O., Chamari, K., & Souissi, N. (2012). Listening to music affects diurnal variation in muscle power output. International Journal of Sports Medicine, 33, 43–47.
  • Clark, I. N., Baker, F. A., & Taylor, N. F. (2016). The modulating effects of music listening on health-related exercise and physical activity in adults: A systematic review and narrative synthesis. Nord J Music Ther, 25, 76–104. doi: 10.1080/08098131.2015.1008558
  • Conrad, C., Niess, H., Jauch, K. W., Bruns, C. J., Hartl, W. H., & Welker, L. (2007). Overture for growth hormone: requiem for interleukin-6? Crit Care Med, 35(12), 2709-2713. doi: 10.1097/01.ccm.0000291648.99043.b9
  • Crust, L. (2004). Effects of familiar and unfamiliar asynchronous music on treadmill walking endurance. Percept Mot Skills, 99(1), 361-368. doi: 10.2466/pms.99.1.361-368
  • Cutrufello, P. T., Benson, B. A., & Landram, M. J. (2019). The effect of music on anaerobic exercise performance and muscular endurance. J Sports Med Phys Fitness, 60(3), 486-492. doi: 10.23736/S0022-4707.19.10228-9
  • De Lima, L. G. G., do Nascimento, E. M., Soares, E. M. S. S. S., Fonseca, S. C. F., Guerra, T. V. A., da Silva Alves, U., & de Almeida, T. G. (2023). Music as an ergogenic resource: The influence of music on performance during the practice of strength training and aerobic training. European Review of Artistic Studies, 14(2), 138-149. doi: 10.37334/eras.v14i2.292
  • Eliakim, M., Meckel, Y., Nemet, D., & Eliakim, A. (2007). The effect of music during warm-up on consecutive anaerobic performance in elite adolescent volleyball players. Int J Sports Med, 28, 321–325. doi: 10.1055/s-2006-924360
  • Filip-Stachnik, A., Wilk, M., Krzysztofik, M., Lulińska, E., Tufano, J. J., Zajac, A., Stastny, P., & Del Coso, J. (2021). The effects of different doses of caffeine on maximal strength and strength‐endurance in women habituated to caffeine. J Int Soc Sports Nutr, 18(1), 25. doi: 10.1186/s12970-021-00421-9
  • Folland, J. P., & Williams, A. G. (2007). Morphological and neurological contributions to increased strength. Sports Med, 37, 145-168. doi: 10.2165/00007256-200737020-00004
  • Greco, F., Rotundo, L., Grazioli, E., Parisi, A., Carraro, A., Muscoli, C., Paoli, A., Marcolin, G., & Emerenziani, G. P. (2022). Effects of self-selected versus motivational music on lower limb muscle strength and affective state in middle-aged adults. PeerJ, 10, e13795. doi: 10.7717/peerj.13795
  • Hallett, R., & Lamont, A. (2017). Music use in exercise: A questionnaire study. Media Psychol, 20, 658-684. doi: 10.1080/15213269.2016.1247716
  • Hutchinson, J. C., Jones, L., Vitti, S. N., Moore, A., Dalton, P. C., & O'Neil, B. J. (2018). The influence of self-selected music on affect-regulated exercise intensity and remembered pleasure during treadmill running. Sport Exerc Perform, 7(1), 80. doi: 10.1037/spy0000115
  • Hutchinson, J. C., Sherman, T., Davis, L., Cawthon, D., Reeder, N. B., & Tenenbaum, G. (2011). The influence of asynchronous motivational music on a supramaximal exercise bout. Int J Sport Psychol, 42(2), 135-148.
  • Karageorghis, C. I., Drew, K. M., & Terry, P. C. (1996). Effects of pretest stimulative and sedative music on grip strength. Percept Mot Skills, 83, 1347-1352. doi: 10.2466/pms.1996.83.3f.1347
  • Karageorghis, C. I., & Jones, L. (2014). On the stability and relevance of the exercise heart rate–music-tempo preference relationship. Psychol Sport Exerc, 15(3), 299-310. doi: 10.1016/j.psychsport.2013.08.004
  • Karageorghis, C. I., Cheek, P., Simpson, S. D., & Bigliassi, M. (2018). Interactive effects of music tempi and intensities on grip strength and subjective affect. Scand J Med Sci Sports, 28, 1166-1175. doi: 10.1111/sms.12979
  • Köse, B. (2017). The study of the influence of the music on aerobic and anaerobic performance [Doctoral dissertation, Ankara University]. CoHE Thesis Center.
  • Köse, B. (2018). Does motivational music influence maximal bench press strength and strength endurance? Asian Journal of Education and Training, 4(3), 197-200. doi: 10.20448/journal.522.2018. 43.197.200
  • Köse, B. (2020). Müziğin aerobik ve anaerobik performansa etkisinin incelenmesi (in Turkish). Türkiye: Nobel Publishing Group.
  • Köse, B., & Atli, A. (2019). Effect of different music tempos on aerobic performance and recovery. Progress in Nutrition, 21(4), 922-927. doi: 10.23751/pn.v21i4.8880
  • Latocha, A., Jarosz, J., Helbin, J., & Krzysztofik, M. (2024). Will Music give me power? Effects of listening to music during active and passive rest intervals on power output during resistance exercise. J Funct Morphol Kinesiol, 9(1), 32. doi: 10.3390/jfmk9010032
  • Lei, S., & Huang, W. (2020). Can music improve sports performance-literature review. Frontiers in Economics and Management, 1(12), 259-264. doi: 10.6981/FEM.202012_1(12).0041
  • Levitin, D. J. (2006). This is your brain on music: The science of a human obsession. New York, NY: Dutton Penguin.
  • Lim, H. B. T., Karageorghis, C. I., Romer, L. M., & Bishop, D. T. (2014). Psychophysiological effects of synchronous versus asynchronous music during cycling. Med Sci Sports Exerc, 46, 407–413. doi: 10.1249/MSS.0b013e3182a6378c
  • McGuigan, M. (2016). Administration, scoring, and interpretation of selected tests. In G. Haff & N. T. Triplett (Eds.), Essentials of Strength Training and Conditioning (pp. 259-316). Human Kinetics.
  • Mehr, S., A., Singh, M. Knox, Ketter, D., Pickens-Jones, D., Atwood, S., Lucas, C., Jacoby, N., Egner, A., Hopkins, E., Howard, R., Hartshorne, J., Jennings, M., Simson, J., Bainbridge, C., Pinker, S., O'Donnell, T., Krasnow, M., & Glowacki, L. (2019). Universality and diversity in human song. Science (New York, N.Y.), 366(6468), eaax0868. doi: 10.1126/science.aax0868
  • Miller, T.A. (2012) (Ed.) NSCA's guide to tests and assessments. Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics Publishing.
  • Mithen, S. J. (2006). The singing Neanderthals: The origins of music, language, mind, and body. Harvard University Press.
  • Moss, S. L., Enright, K. J., & Cushman, S. (2018). The influence of music genre on explosive power, repetitions to failure and mood responses during resistance exercise. Psychol Sport Exerc, 37(4), 128-138. doi: 10.1016/j.psychsport.2018.05.002
  • Nakamura, P. M., Pereira, G., Papini, C. B., Nakamura, F. Y., & Kokubun, E. (2010). Effects of preferred and nonpreferred music on continuous cycling exercise performance. Percept Mot Skills, 110, 257-264. doi: 10.2466/PMS.110.1.257-264
  • Ooishi, Y., Mukai, H., Watanabe, K., Kawato, S., & Kashino, M. (2017). Increase in salivary oxytocin and decrease in salivary cortisol after listening to relaxing slow-tempo and exciting fast-tempo music. PloS One, 12(12), e0189075. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0189075
  • Patel, A. D. (2008). Music, language, and the brain. New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
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There are 56 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Physical Training and Sports
Journal Section Original Research Articles
Authors

Bereket Köse 0000-0001-5315-9195

Ahmet Atlı 0000-0002-7516-2675

Ayşegül Köse 0000-0002-4895-2233

Ramazan Şeker 0000-0002-8624-7113

Publication Date April 30, 2025
Submission Date February 11, 2025
Acceptance Date April 3, 2025
Published in Issue Year 2025 Volume: 11 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Köse, B., Atlı, A., Köse, A., Şeker, R. (2025). The effects of preferred music during strength training: maximal strength, strength endurance and rating of perceived exertion. Turkish Journal of Kinesiology, 11(2), 69-76. https://doi.org/10.31459/turkjkin.1637900
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