Research Article
BibTex RIS Cite

Kırsalda Yaşayan Yetişkinlerin Bulaşıcı Hastalıklara Yönelik Algıları

Year 2025, Volume: 5 Issue: 1, 79 - 88, 30.04.2025

Ebru Sönmez Sarı

Abstract

Amaç: Bulaşıcı hastalıklar önemli bir halk sağlığı sorunudur. Bu çalışma kırsalda yaşayan yetişkinlerin bulaşıcı hastalıklara yönelik algılarının belirlenmesi amacıyla yapılmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Araştırma tanımlayıcı tiptedir. Araştırmanın örneklemini Türkiye’nin Doğu Karadeniz Bölgesi’nde kırsalda yaşayan 18 yaş ve üzeri yetişkinler (n=385) oluşturmuştur. Veriler, Kişisel Bilgi Formu ve Bulaşıcı Hastalıklara Yönelik Algı Ölçeği kullanılarak toplanmıştır. Verilerin analizinde tanımlayıcı istatistikler, bağımsız gruplarda t-testi ve One-way ANOVA analizi kullanılmıştır. Anlamlılık düzeyi p<0,05 olarak kabul edilmiştir. Bulgular: Araştırmaya katılan yetişkinlerin yaş ortalamasının 29,85±12,33 (18-80 yaş) olduğu belirlenmiştir. Yetişkinlerin bulaşıcı hastalıklara yönelik algılar ölçeği toplam puan ortalaması 148,35±16,33’tür. Bulaşıcı hastalığın tüm önlemlere rağmen bulaşabileceğini düşünenlerin bulaşa yönelik algıları daha olumludur (p<0,05). Ayrıca bulaşıcı hastalıklara yönelik yetkililerin aldığı önlemleri yeterli bulmayanların genel ve korunma yollarına yönelik algı ve bulaşa yönelik algıları daha olumludur (p<0,05). Sonuç: Yetişkinlerin bulaşıcı hastalıklara yönelik algılarının orta-üzeri düzeyde ve olumlu olduğu belirlenmiştir. Katılımcıların bulaşıcı hastalıkların doğasını, bulaşma yollarını orta-üzeri düzeyde bildiği, korunma ve kontrol edebilme konusunda orta-üzeri düzeyde yeterli oldukları söylenebilir. Çalışma sonuçları belirli konularda eksikliklerin olabileceğini düşündürmektedir. Bu nedenle toplumda bulaşıcı hastalıklar hakkında bilgi ve farkındalığı artırmayı amaçlayan eğitim programları ve kampanyalar düzenlenebilir.

Keywords

Bulaşıcı hastalıklar Halk sağlığı hemşireliği Kırsal nüfus Koruyucu sağlık hizmetleri

References

  • Baker, R. E., Mahmud, A. S., Miller, I. F., Rajeev, M., ... Metcalf, C. J. E. (2022). Infectious disease in an era of global change. Nat Rev Microbiol, 20(4), 193-205. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41579-021-00639-z
  • Bloom, D. E., & Cadarette, D. (2019). Infectious disease threats in the twenty-first century: Strengthening the global response. Front Immunol, 10, 549. https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2019.00549
  • Chew, Q. H., Wei, K. C., Vasoo, S., Chua, H. C., & Sim, K. (2020). Narrative synthesis of psychological and coping responses towards emerging infectious disease outbreaks in the general population: Practical considerations for the COVID-19 pandemic. Singapore Med J, 61(7), 350. https://doi.org/10.11622/smedj.2020046
  • Commodari, E., La Rosa, V. L., & Coniglio, M. A. (2020). Health risk perceptions in the era of the new coronavirus: Are the Italian people ready for a novel virus? A cross-sectional study on perceived personal and comparative susceptibility for infectious diseases. Public Health, 187, 8-14. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.puhe.2020.07.036
  • Dai, J., Lyu, F., Yu, L., & He, Y. (2023). Temporal and emotional variations in people’s perceptions of mass epidemic infectious disease after the COVID-19 pandemic using influenza A as an example: Topic modeling and sentiment analysis based on Weibo data. J Med Internet Res, 25, e49300. https://doi.org/10.2196/49300
  • de Zwart, O., Veldhuijzen, I. K., Elam, G., Aro, A. R., ... Brug, J. (2009). Perceived threat, risk perception, and efficacy beliefs related to SARS and other (emerging) infectious diseases: Results of an international survey. Int J Behav Med, 16, 30-40. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12529-008-9008-2
  • George, D., & Mallery, P. (2019). IBM SPSS statistics 26 step by step: A simple guide and reference. Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429056765
  • Geldsetzer, P. (2020). Use of rapid online surveys to assess people's perceptions during infectious disease outbreaks: A cross-sectional survey on COVID-19. J Med Internet Res, 22(4), e18790. https://doi.org/10.2196/18790
  • Gökmen, B. D., Bakan, A. B., Yıldız, G. N., & Okanlı, A. (2022). Development of the perceptions about infectious diseases scale. J Nurs Meas, 30(4), 645-661. https://doi.org/10.1891/JNM-D-21-00003
  • Howlader, M. H., Rahman, M. A., & Rahul, M. I. H. (2019). Assessment of factors influencing health care service utilization in rural area of Bangladesh. International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health, 6(9), 3710-3716.
  • Kaçan, H., Öztürk, A., & Değer, V. B. (2021). Bireylerin kaygıları Covid-19 salgınına yönelik algı ve tutumlarını etkiler mi?. Psikiyatride Güncel Yaklaşımlar, 13 (Ek 1), 405-420. https://doi.org/10.18863/pgy.1009613
  • Lau, J. T. F., Griffiths, S., Au, D. W. H., & Choi, K. C. (2011). Changes in knowledge, perceptions, preventive behaviours and psychological responses in the pre-community outbreak phase of the H1N1 epidemic. Epidemiol Infect, 139(1), 80-90. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0950268810001925
  • Parıldar, H. (2020). Tarihte bulaşıcı hastalık salgınları. Tepecik Eğit ve Araştırma Hast Derg, 30, 19-26. https://doi.org/10.5222/terh.2020.93764
  • Schaetti, C., Khatib, A. M., Ali, S. M., Hutubessy, R., Chaignat, C. L., & Weiss, M. G. (2010). Social and cultural features of cholera and shigellosis in peri-urban and rural communities of Zanzibar. BMC Infect Dis, 10, 1-14.
  • Singh, R., Singh, R., & Bhatia, A. (2018). Sentiment analysis using Machine Learning technique to predict outbreaks and epidemics. Int J Adv Sci Res, 3(2), 19-24.
  • Singh, K., Kaushik, A., Johnson, L., Jaganathan, S., ... Prabhakaran, D. (2021). Patient experiences and perceptions of chronic disease care during the COVID-19 pandemic in India: A qualitative study. BMJ Open, 11(6), e048926. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2021-048926
  • Tola, H. H., Karimi, M., & Yekaninejad, M. S. (2017). Effects of sociodemographic characteristics and patients’ health beliefs on tuberculosis treatment adherence in Ethiopia: A structural equation modelling approach. Infect Dis Poverty, 6, 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40249-017-0380-5
  • T.C. Sağlık Bakanlığı. (2024). T.C. Sağlık Bakanlığı Halk Sağlığı Genel Müdürlüğü Bulaşıcı Hastalıklar ve Erken Uyarı Dairesi Başkanlığı. Retrieved from https://hsgm.saglik.gov.tr/tr/bulasicihastaliklar.html (Erişim tarihi: 18.01.2024).
  • Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu. (2022). Adrese Dayalı Nüfus Kayıt Sistemi Sonuçları, 2021. Retrieved from https://data.tuik.gov.tr/Bulten/Index?p=Adrese-Dayali-Nufus-Kayit-Sistemi-Sonuclari-2021-45500 (Yayın tarihi: 4 Şubat 2022; Erişim tarihi: 27.02.2023).
  • Tulchinsky, T. H., & Varavikova, E. A. (2014). Communicable diseases. The New Public Health, 149-236. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-415766-8.00004-5
  • Uğurlu, M., Üstü, Y., & Sanisoğlu, S. Y. (2010). Türkiye Cumhuriyeti'nde Kırsal Bölgelerde Sağlık Hizmetlerinin Sunulmasında Yeniden Yapılandırma Mümkün mü?. Türkiye Klinikleri J Med Sci, 30(3), 932-939.
  • Vally, Z. (2020). Public perceptions, anxiety and the perceived efficacy of health-protective behaviours to mitigate the spread of the SARS-Cov-2/COVID-19 pandemic. Public health, 187, 67-73.
  • Vartti, A. M., Oenema, A., Schreck, M., Uutela, A., … Aro, A. R. (2009). SARS knowledge, perceptions, and behaviors: A comparison between Finns and the Dutch during the SARS outbreak in 2003. Int J Behav Med, 16, 41-48. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12529-008-9004-6
  • World Health Organization. (2024). Infectious diseases. Retrieved from https://www.emro.who.int/health-topics/infectious-diseases/index.html (Accessed date: 18.01.2024).

Perceptions of Adults Living in Rural Areas Towards Infectious Diseases

Year 2025, Volume: 5 Issue: 1, 79 - 88, 30.04.2025

Ebru Sönmez Sarı

Abstract

Objective: Infectious diseases are an important public health problem. This study was conducted to determine the perceptions of adults living in rural areas towards infectious diseases. Methods: The study is descriptive type. The study sample consisted of adults aged 18 and over (n=385) living in rural areas in Turkey's Eastern Black Sea Region. Data were collected using the Personal Information Form and the Infectious Diseases Perception Scale. Descriptive statistics, independent groups t-test, and One-way ANOVA analysis were used to analyze the data. The significance level was accepted as p<0.05. Results: The average age of the adults participating in the study was determined to be 29.85±12.33 (18-80 years). The total score average of the adults' perceptions towards infectious diseases scale is 148.35±16.33. Those who think that the infectious disease can be transmitted despite all precautions have more positive perceptions about transmission (p<0.05). In addition, those who do not find the precautions taken by the authorities against infectious diseases sufficient have more positive perceptions about general and prevention methods and their perceptions about contamination (p<0.05). Conclusion: It was determined that adults' perceptions of infectious diseases were moderate and positive. It can be said that the participants know the nature of infectious diseases and the ways of transmission at a medium-high level, and that they are moderately competent in protection and control. The study results suggest that there may be deficiencies in certain subjects. For this reason, educational programs and campaigns aiming to increase knowledge and awareness about infectious diseases in society can be organized.

Keywords

Communicable diseases Public health nursing Preventive health services Rural population

References

  • Baker, R. E., Mahmud, A. S., Miller, I. F., Rajeev, M., ... Metcalf, C. J. E. (2022). Infectious disease in an era of global change. Nat Rev Microbiol, 20(4), 193-205. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41579-021-00639-z
  • Bloom, D. E., & Cadarette, D. (2019). Infectious disease threats in the twenty-first century: Strengthening the global response. Front Immunol, 10, 549. https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2019.00549
  • Chew, Q. H., Wei, K. C., Vasoo, S., Chua, H. C., & Sim, K. (2020). Narrative synthesis of psychological and coping responses towards emerging infectious disease outbreaks in the general population: Practical considerations for the COVID-19 pandemic. Singapore Med J, 61(7), 350. https://doi.org/10.11622/smedj.2020046
  • Commodari, E., La Rosa, V. L., & Coniglio, M. A. (2020). Health risk perceptions in the era of the new coronavirus: Are the Italian people ready for a novel virus? A cross-sectional study on perceived personal and comparative susceptibility for infectious diseases. Public Health, 187, 8-14. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.puhe.2020.07.036
  • Dai, J., Lyu, F., Yu, L., & He, Y. (2023). Temporal and emotional variations in people’s perceptions of mass epidemic infectious disease after the COVID-19 pandemic using influenza A as an example: Topic modeling and sentiment analysis based on Weibo data. J Med Internet Res, 25, e49300. https://doi.org/10.2196/49300
  • de Zwart, O., Veldhuijzen, I. K., Elam, G., Aro, A. R., ... Brug, J. (2009). Perceived threat, risk perception, and efficacy beliefs related to SARS and other (emerging) infectious diseases: Results of an international survey. Int J Behav Med, 16, 30-40. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12529-008-9008-2
  • George, D., & Mallery, P. (2019). IBM SPSS statistics 26 step by step: A simple guide and reference. Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429056765
  • Geldsetzer, P. (2020). Use of rapid online surveys to assess people's perceptions during infectious disease outbreaks: A cross-sectional survey on COVID-19. J Med Internet Res, 22(4), e18790. https://doi.org/10.2196/18790
  • Gökmen, B. D., Bakan, A. B., Yıldız, G. N., & Okanlı, A. (2022). Development of the perceptions about infectious diseases scale. J Nurs Meas, 30(4), 645-661. https://doi.org/10.1891/JNM-D-21-00003
  • Howlader, M. H., Rahman, M. A., & Rahul, M. I. H. (2019). Assessment of factors influencing health care service utilization in rural area of Bangladesh. International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health, 6(9), 3710-3716.
  • Kaçan, H., Öztürk, A., & Değer, V. B. (2021). Bireylerin kaygıları Covid-19 salgınına yönelik algı ve tutumlarını etkiler mi?. Psikiyatride Güncel Yaklaşımlar, 13 (Ek 1), 405-420. https://doi.org/10.18863/pgy.1009613
  • Lau, J. T. F., Griffiths, S., Au, D. W. H., & Choi, K. C. (2011). Changes in knowledge, perceptions, preventive behaviours and psychological responses in the pre-community outbreak phase of the H1N1 epidemic. Epidemiol Infect, 139(1), 80-90. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0950268810001925
  • Parıldar, H. (2020). Tarihte bulaşıcı hastalık salgınları. Tepecik Eğit ve Araştırma Hast Derg, 30, 19-26. https://doi.org/10.5222/terh.2020.93764
  • Schaetti, C., Khatib, A. M., Ali, S. M., Hutubessy, R., Chaignat, C. L., & Weiss, M. G. (2010). Social and cultural features of cholera and shigellosis in peri-urban and rural communities of Zanzibar. BMC Infect Dis, 10, 1-14.
  • Singh, R., Singh, R., & Bhatia, A. (2018). Sentiment analysis using Machine Learning technique to predict outbreaks and epidemics. Int J Adv Sci Res, 3(2), 19-24.
  • Singh, K., Kaushik, A., Johnson, L., Jaganathan, S., ... Prabhakaran, D. (2021). Patient experiences and perceptions of chronic disease care during the COVID-19 pandemic in India: A qualitative study. BMJ Open, 11(6), e048926. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2021-048926
  • Tola, H. H., Karimi, M., & Yekaninejad, M. S. (2017). Effects of sociodemographic characteristics and patients’ health beliefs on tuberculosis treatment adherence in Ethiopia: A structural equation modelling approach. Infect Dis Poverty, 6, 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40249-017-0380-5
  • T.C. Sağlık Bakanlığı. (2024). T.C. Sağlık Bakanlığı Halk Sağlığı Genel Müdürlüğü Bulaşıcı Hastalıklar ve Erken Uyarı Dairesi Başkanlığı. Retrieved from https://hsgm.saglik.gov.tr/tr/bulasicihastaliklar.html (Erişim tarihi: 18.01.2024).
  • Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu. (2022). Adrese Dayalı Nüfus Kayıt Sistemi Sonuçları, 2021. Retrieved from https://data.tuik.gov.tr/Bulten/Index?p=Adrese-Dayali-Nufus-Kayit-Sistemi-Sonuclari-2021-45500 (Yayın tarihi: 4 Şubat 2022; Erişim tarihi: 27.02.2023).
  • Tulchinsky, T. H., & Varavikova, E. A. (2014). Communicable diseases. The New Public Health, 149-236. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-415766-8.00004-5
  • Uğurlu, M., Üstü, Y., & Sanisoğlu, S. Y. (2010). Türkiye Cumhuriyeti'nde Kırsal Bölgelerde Sağlık Hizmetlerinin Sunulmasında Yeniden Yapılandırma Mümkün mü?. Türkiye Klinikleri J Med Sci, 30(3), 932-939.
  • Vally, Z. (2020). Public perceptions, anxiety and the perceived efficacy of health-protective behaviours to mitigate the spread of the SARS-Cov-2/COVID-19 pandemic. Public health, 187, 67-73.
  • Vartti, A. M., Oenema, A., Schreck, M., Uutela, A., … Aro, A. R. (2009). SARS knowledge, perceptions, and behaviors: A comparison between Finns and the Dutch during the SARS outbreak in 2003. Int J Behav Med, 16, 41-48. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12529-008-9004-6
  • World Health Organization. (2024). Infectious diseases. Retrieved from https://www.emro.who.int/health-topics/infectious-diseases/index.html (Accessed date: 18.01.2024).
There are 24 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Public Health (Other)
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Ebru Sönmez Sarı 0000-0001-7337-4853

Early Pub Date April 30, 2025
Publication Date April 30, 2025
Submission Date September 24, 2024
Acceptance Date October 21, 2024
Published in Issue Year 2025 Volume: 5 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Sönmez Sarı, E. (2025). Kırsalda Yaşayan Yetişkinlerin Bulaşıcı Hastalıklara Yönelik Algıları. Unika Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, 5(1), 79-88.
 Download Cover Image