Research Article
Farklı stoma direncine sahip dört hibrit mısır çeşitinde kuraklık stresinin verim ve tane bileşimi üzerine etkisi
Abstract
Amaç: Bu çalışma, kuraklık stresi koşullarında bazı hibrit mısır çeşitlerinde transpirasyonu ve bunun tane kalitesine etkisini değerlendirmek amacıyla yürütülmüştür..
Materyal ve Yöntem: Araştırma, dört farklı hibrit mısır çeşiti (KSC 703, KSC 704, KSC 705 ve KSC 706) kullanılarak, A sınıfı buharlaşma kabından uygulanan üç farklı sulama düzeyinde — 60 mm (kontrol), 90 mm (orta düzey kuraklık stresi) ve 120 mm (şiddetli kuraklık stresi) — yürütülmüştür. Deneme, İran’ın Karaj kentinde yer alan Tohum ve Bitki Islahı Enstitüsü (SPII)'nde 2015 ve 2016 yetiştirme sezonlarında üç tekerrürlü olarak kurulmuştur.
Araştırma Bulguları: Elde edilen sonuçlara göre, kuraklık stresi koşullarında ham selüloz ve kül içeriği artarken, nişasta oranı azalmıştır. KSC 706 melezi, en düşük stoma direnci ve kanopi sıcaklığı ile birlikte ortalama %64,84 ile en yüksek tane nişasta içeriğini göstermiştir. Bu bulgular, artan stoma açıklığı ve terlemenin, mısır tanelerinde kaliteyi artırıcı bir etkiye sahip olduğunu göstermektedir.
Sonuç: Araştırma bulgularına göre, sulama suyunun temin edilebilir olduğu ve yüksek tane nişasta içeriğinin öncelikli hedeflendiği bölgelerde, KSC 706 hibrit mısır çeşiti önerilmektedir
Keywords
References
- Afshar, R. K., M. A. Jovini, M. R. Chaichi & M. Hashemi, 2014. Grain sorghum response to arbuscular mycorrhiza and phosphorus fertilizer under deficit irrigation. Agronomy Journal, 106 (4): 1212-1218.
- Ahmadi, A. & A. D. Baker, 1999. Effects of abscisic acid (ABA) on grain filling processes in wheat. Journal of Plant Growth Regulation, 28: 187-197.
- Attaran Dowom, S., Z. Karimian, M. Mostafaei Dehnavi & L. Samiei, 2022. Chitosan nanoparticles improve physiological and biochemical responses of Salvia abrotanoides (Kar.) under drought stress. BMC Plant Biology, 22 (1): 364.
- Baghdadi, A., F. Golzardi & M. Hashemi, 2023. The use of alternative irrigation and cropping systems in forage production may alleviate the water scarcity in semi‐arid regions. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 103 (10): 5050-5060.
- Bharath, P., S. Gahir & A.S. Raghavendra, 2021. Abscisic acid-induced stomatal closure: An important component of plant defense against abiotic and biotic stress. Frontiers in Plant Science, 12: 615114.
- Bohnert H. J., D.E. Nelson & R. G. Jensen, 1995. Adaptations to environmental stresses. Plant Cell, 7: 1099-1111.
- Bruns, H., 2003. Controlling aflatoxin and fumonisin in maize by crop management. Journal of Toxicology Toxin Reviews, 22 (2-3): 153-173.
- Bukhari, B., S. Zakaria, S. Sufardi & S. Syafruddin, 2022. Effect of organic amendments on the water stress resistance of corn varieties during vegetative stage in ultisols. Indian Journal of Agricultural Research, 56 (3): 276-282.
- Bulgari, R., G. Franzoni & A. Ferrante, 2019. Biostimulants application in horticultural crops under abiotic stress conditions. Agronomy, 9 (6): 306.
- Cocks, J.W., 2003. Plant density effects on tropical corn forage masses, morphology and nutritive value. Agronomy Journal, 90: 93-96.
- Elshamly, A.M. & S.M. Nassar, 2023. The impacts of applying cobalt and chitosan with various water irrigation schemes at different growth stages of corn on macronutrient uptake, yield, and water use efficiency. Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, 23 (2): 2770-2785.
- Elshamly, A.M., R. Iqbal, B. Ali, I. Ahmed, M. I. Akram, S. Ali, A. Ditta, F. Çığ, M. S. Elshikh, M. Aezm & M. H. Hamed, 2024. Zinc and amino acids improve the growth, physiological, and biochemical attributes of corn under different irrigation levels. Rhizosphere, 29: 100820.
- Farhadi, A., F. Paknejad, F. Golzardi, M.N. Ilkaee & F. Aghayari, 2022. Effects of limited ırrigation and nitrogen rate on the herbage yield, water productivity, and nutritive value of sorghum silage. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis, 53 (5): 576-589.
- Farooq, M. A., N. Wahid, D.F. Kobayashiujita & S. M. A. Basra, 2009. Plant drought stress, effects, mechanisms and management. Agronomy for Sustainable Development, 29: 185-212.
- Ghalkhani, A., F. Golzardi, A. Khazaei, A. Mahrokh, Á. Illés, C. Bojtor, S.M.N. Mousavi & A. Széles, 2023. Irrigation management strategies to enhance forage yield, feed value, and water-use efficiency of sorghum cultivars. Plants, 12 (11): 2154.
- Ghalkhani, A., F. Paknejad, A. Mahrokh, M.R. Ardakani & F. Golzardi, 2022. Transplanting and seed hydropriming affects yield, water use efficiency, and grain quality of maize cultivars under delayed planting. Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 28 (4): 740-750.
- Ghorbanli, M. S. Hashemi Moghaddam & A. Fallah, 2006. Study of interaction effects of irrigation and nitrogen on some morphological and physiological characteristic of rice plant (Oryza sativa L.). Journal of Agricultural Science, 12 (2): 415-428.
- Gong, W., Proud, C., Fukai, S. & Mitchell, J. 2023. Low canopy temperature and high stomatal conductance contribute to high grain yield of contrasting japonica rice under aerobic conditions. Frontiers in Plant Science, 14: 1176156.
- Habib, G., M. Khan, S. Javaid & M. Saleem, 2016. Assessment of feed supply and demand for livestock in pakistan. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology A, 6 (3): 191-202
- Heydarzadeh, S., C. Arena, E. Vitale, A. Rahimi, M. Mirzapour, J. Nasar, O. Kisaka, S. Sow, S. Ranjan, & H. Gitari, 2023. Impact of different fertilizer sources under supplemental irrigation and rainfed conditions on eco-physiological responses and yield characteristics of dragon’s head (Lallemantia iberica). Plants, 12 (8): 1693.
- Heydarzadeh, S., J. Jalilian, A. Pirzad, R. Jamei & E. Petrussa, 2022. Fodder value and physiological aspects of rainfed smooth vetch affected by biofertilizers and supplementary irrigation in an agri-silviculture system. Agroforestry Systems, 96: 221-232.
- Hirayama, H., Y. Wada & H. Neato, 2006. Estimation of drought tolerance based on leaf temperature in upland rice breeding. Breeding Science, 56: 47-54.
- Jahansouz, M. R., R.K. Afshar, H. Heidari & M. Hashemi, 2014. Evaluation of yield and quality of sorghum and millet as alternative forage crops to corn under normal and deficit irrigation regimes. Jordan Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 173 (3834): 1-17.
- Jahanzad, E., M. Jorat, H. Moghadam, A. Sadeghpour, M. R. Chaichi & M. Dashtaki, 2013. Response of a new and a commonly grown forage sorghum cultivar to limited irrigation and planting density. Agricultural Water Management, 117: 62-69.
- Kavut, Y. T. & H. Soya, 2014. An investigation on the effect of different soil textures on the grain yield and some yield components of some maize (Zea mays L.) cultivars under Mediterranean climate conditions. Journal of Agriculture Faculty of Ege University, 51 (1): 41-47.
- Kowles, R.V. & R.L Phillips, 1988. Endosperm development in maize. International Review of Cytology, 112: 97-136.
- Lawlor, D.W., 2002. Limitation to photosynthesis in water-stressed leaves: stomata vs. metabolism and role of ATP. Annals of Botany, 89: 871-885.
- Lepekhov, S.B., 2022. Canopy temperature depression for drought- and heat stress tolerance in wheat breeding. Vavilovskii Zhurnal Genet Selektsii, 26 (2): 196-201.
- Lhomme, J. P., 2001. Stomatal control of transpiration: Examination of the Jarvis‐type representation of canopy resistance in relation to humidity. Water Resources Research, 37 (3): 689-699.
- Martinez, J.P., H. Silva, J.F. Ledent & M. Pinto, 2007. Effect of drought stress on the osmotic adjustment, cell wall elasticity and cell volume of six cultivars of common beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). European Journal of Agronomy, 26: 30-38.
- Mumtaz, A., D. Hussain, M. Saeed, M. Arshad & M. Yousaf, 2018. Estimation of genetic diversity in sorghum genotypes of pakistan. Journal of the National Science Foundation of Sri Lanka, 46 (3): 271-280.
- Nicolia, B.M., K. Beullens, E. Bobelyn, A. Peris, W. Saeys, K. I. Theron & J. Lammertyn, 2007. Nondestructive measurement of fruit and vegetable quality by means of NIR spectroscopy: a review. Postharvest Biology and Technology, 46: 99-118.
- Pourali, S., F. Aghayari, M.R. Ardakani, F. Paknejad & F. Golzardi, 2023. Benefits from intercropped forage sorghum–red clover under drought stress conditions. Gesunde Pflanzen, 75 (5): 1769-1780.
- Qi, H., G. Lu, Z. Li, C. Xu, F. Tian, C. He, G. Ma, W. Ma & H. Ma, 2022. Cladosporium species causing leaf spot on silage maize based on multi‐locus phylogeny in china. Journal of Phytopathology, 171 (2-3): 82-91.
- Sallah, P.Y.K., K.O. Antwi & M. B. Ewool, 2002. Potential of elite maize composites for drought tolerance in stress and non-drought stress environments. African Crop Science Journal, 10: 1-9.
- Seydoşoğlu, S. & V. Saruhan, 2017. Effect of sowing time and variety on silage quality of maize. Journal of Agriculture Faculty of Ege University, 54 (3): 361-366.
- Shao, Y.H., Y. He & J.Y. Bao, 2009. Near-infrared spectroscopy for classification of organs and prediction of the sugar content. International Journal Food Properties, 12: 644-658.
- Tavazoh, M., D. Habibi, F. Golzardi, M. N. Ilkaee, & F. Paknejad, 2024. Effect of drought stress on morpho-physiological characteristics, nutritive value, and water-use efficiency of sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] varieties under various irrigation systems. Brazilian Journal of Biology, 84: e286121.
- Wu, F. & G. Munkvold, 2008. Mycotoxins in ethanol co-products: modeling economic impacts on the livestock industry and management strategies. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 56 (11): 3900-3911.
- Yu, M.H., G.D. Ding, G.L. Gao, Y.Y. Zhao, L. Yan & K. Sai, 2015. Using plant temperature to evaluate the response of stomatal conductance to soil moisture deficit. Forests, 6 (10): 3748-3762.
Drought stress effects on quality and grain composition in four hybrid maize varieties with different stomatal resistance
Abstract
Objective: This study aimed to evaluate transpiration and its effects on grain quality in some maize hybrids under drought stress conditions.
Material and Methods: The experiment was conducted using three irrigation levels-60 mm (control), 90 mm (moderate drought stress), and 120 mm (severe drought stress) of evaporation from a class A pan-applied to four maize hybrids: KSC 703, KSC 704, KSC 705, and KSC 706. This study was set up with three replications, carried out at Seed and Plant Improvement Institute (SPII), Karaj, Iran during 2015 and 2016 growing seasons.
Results: The results indicated that under drought stress conditions, the levels of crude fiber and ash increased, while starch content decreased. The KSC 706 hybrid exhibited the lowest stomatal resistance and canopy temperature, and the highest grain starch content, averaging 64.84%. These findings suggest that increased stomatal opening and transpiration are associated with improved maize grain quality.
Conclusion: Based on the findings, in regions where irrigation water is available and a higher starch content in grain is a priority, the KSC 706 hybrid is recommended.
Keywords
References
- Afshar, R. K., M. A. Jovini, M. R. Chaichi & M. Hashemi, 2014. Grain sorghum response to arbuscular mycorrhiza and phosphorus fertilizer under deficit irrigation. Agronomy Journal, 106 (4): 1212-1218.
- Ahmadi, A. & A. D. Baker, 1999. Effects of abscisic acid (ABA) on grain filling processes in wheat. Journal of Plant Growth Regulation, 28: 187-197.
- Attaran Dowom, S., Z. Karimian, M. Mostafaei Dehnavi & L. Samiei, 2022. Chitosan nanoparticles improve physiological and biochemical responses of Salvia abrotanoides (Kar.) under drought stress. BMC Plant Biology, 22 (1): 364.
- Baghdadi, A., F. Golzardi & M. Hashemi, 2023. The use of alternative irrigation and cropping systems in forage production may alleviate the water scarcity in semi‐arid regions. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 103 (10): 5050-5060.
- Bharath, P., S. Gahir & A.S. Raghavendra, 2021. Abscisic acid-induced stomatal closure: An important component of plant defense against abiotic and biotic stress. Frontiers in Plant Science, 12: 615114.
- Bohnert H. J., D.E. Nelson & R. G. Jensen, 1995. Adaptations to environmental stresses. Plant Cell, 7: 1099-1111.
- Bruns, H., 2003. Controlling aflatoxin and fumonisin in maize by crop management. Journal of Toxicology Toxin Reviews, 22 (2-3): 153-173.
- Bukhari, B., S. Zakaria, S. Sufardi & S. Syafruddin, 2022. Effect of organic amendments on the water stress resistance of corn varieties during vegetative stage in ultisols. Indian Journal of Agricultural Research, 56 (3): 276-282.
- Bulgari, R., G. Franzoni & A. Ferrante, 2019. Biostimulants application in horticultural crops under abiotic stress conditions. Agronomy, 9 (6): 306.
- Cocks, J.W., 2003. Plant density effects on tropical corn forage masses, morphology and nutritive value. Agronomy Journal, 90: 93-96.
- Elshamly, A.M. & S.M. Nassar, 2023. The impacts of applying cobalt and chitosan with various water irrigation schemes at different growth stages of corn on macronutrient uptake, yield, and water use efficiency. Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, 23 (2): 2770-2785.
- Elshamly, A.M., R. Iqbal, B. Ali, I. Ahmed, M. I. Akram, S. Ali, A. Ditta, F. Çığ, M. S. Elshikh, M. Aezm & M. H. Hamed, 2024. Zinc and amino acids improve the growth, physiological, and biochemical attributes of corn under different irrigation levels. Rhizosphere, 29: 100820.
- Farhadi, A., F. Paknejad, F. Golzardi, M.N. Ilkaee & F. Aghayari, 2022. Effects of limited ırrigation and nitrogen rate on the herbage yield, water productivity, and nutritive value of sorghum silage. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis, 53 (5): 576-589.
- Farooq, M. A., N. Wahid, D.F. Kobayashiujita & S. M. A. Basra, 2009. Plant drought stress, effects, mechanisms and management. Agronomy for Sustainable Development, 29: 185-212.
- Ghalkhani, A., F. Golzardi, A. Khazaei, A. Mahrokh, Á. Illés, C. Bojtor, S.M.N. Mousavi & A. Széles, 2023. Irrigation management strategies to enhance forage yield, feed value, and water-use efficiency of sorghum cultivars. Plants, 12 (11): 2154.
- Ghalkhani, A., F. Paknejad, A. Mahrokh, M.R. Ardakani & F. Golzardi, 2022. Transplanting and seed hydropriming affects yield, water use efficiency, and grain quality of maize cultivars under delayed planting. Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 28 (4): 740-750.
- Ghorbanli, M. S. Hashemi Moghaddam & A. Fallah, 2006. Study of interaction effects of irrigation and nitrogen on some morphological and physiological characteristic of rice plant (Oryza sativa L.). Journal of Agricultural Science, 12 (2): 415-428.
- Gong, W., Proud, C., Fukai, S. & Mitchell, J. 2023. Low canopy temperature and high stomatal conductance contribute to high grain yield of contrasting japonica rice under aerobic conditions. Frontiers in Plant Science, 14: 1176156.
- Habib, G., M. Khan, S. Javaid & M. Saleem, 2016. Assessment of feed supply and demand for livestock in pakistan. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology A, 6 (3): 191-202
- Heydarzadeh, S., C. Arena, E. Vitale, A. Rahimi, M. Mirzapour, J. Nasar, O. Kisaka, S. Sow, S. Ranjan, & H. Gitari, 2023. Impact of different fertilizer sources under supplemental irrigation and rainfed conditions on eco-physiological responses and yield characteristics of dragon’s head (Lallemantia iberica). Plants, 12 (8): 1693.
- Heydarzadeh, S., J. Jalilian, A. Pirzad, R. Jamei & E. Petrussa, 2022. Fodder value and physiological aspects of rainfed smooth vetch affected by biofertilizers and supplementary irrigation in an agri-silviculture system. Agroforestry Systems, 96: 221-232.
- Hirayama, H., Y. Wada & H. Neato, 2006. Estimation of drought tolerance based on leaf temperature in upland rice breeding. Breeding Science, 56: 47-54.
- Jahansouz, M. R., R.K. Afshar, H. Heidari & M. Hashemi, 2014. Evaluation of yield and quality of sorghum and millet as alternative forage crops to corn under normal and deficit irrigation regimes. Jordan Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 173 (3834): 1-17.
- Jahanzad, E., M. Jorat, H. Moghadam, A. Sadeghpour, M. R. Chaichi & M. Dashtaki, 2013. Response of a new and a commonly grown forage sorghum cultivar to limited irrigation and planting density. Agricultural Water Management, 117: 62-69.
- Kavut, Y. T. & H. Soya, 2014. An investigation on the effect of different soil textures on the grain yield and some yield components of some maize (Zea mays L.) cultivars under Mediterranean climate conditions. Journal of Agriculture Faculty of Ege University, 51 (1): 41-47.
- Kowles, R.V. & R.L Phillips, 1988. Endosperm development in maize. International Review of Cytology, 112: 97-136.
- Lawlor, D.W., 2002. Limitation to photosynthesis in water-stressed leaves: stomata vs. metabolism and role of ATP. Annals of Botany, 89: 871-885.
- Lepekhov, S.B., 2022. Canopy temperature depression for drought- and heat stress tolerance in wheat breeding. Vavilovskii Zhurnal Genet Selektsii, 26 (2): 196-201.
- Lhomme, J. P., 2001. Stomatal control of transpiration: Examination of the Jarvis‐type representation of canopy resistance in relation to humidity. Water Resources Research, 37 (3): 689-699.
- Martinez, J.P., H. Silva, J.F. Ledent & M. Pinto, 2007. Effect of drought stress on the osmotic adjustment, cell wall elasticity and cell volume of six cultivars of common beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). European Journal of Agronomy, 26: 30-38.
- Mumtaz, A., D. Hussain, M. Saeed, M. Arshad & M. Yousaf, 2018. Estimation of genetic diversity in sorghum genotypes of pakistan. Journal of the National Science Foundation of Sri Lanka, 46 (3): 271-280.
- Nicolia, B.M., K. Beullens, E. Bobelyn, A. Peris, W. Saeys, K. I. Theron & J. Lammertyn, 2007. Nondestructive measurement of fruit and vegetable quality by means of NIR spectroscopy: a review. Postharvest Biology and Technology, 46: 99-118.
- Pourali, S., F. Aghayari, M.R. Ardakani, F. Paknejad & F. Golzardi, 2023. Benefits from intercropped forage sorghum–red clover under drought stress conditions. Gesunde Pflanzen, 75 (5): 1769-1780.
- Qi, H., G. Lu, Z. Li, C. Xu, F. Tian, C. He, G. Ma, W. Ma & H. Ma, 2022. Cladosporium species causing leaf spot on silage maize based on multi‐locus phylogeny in china. Journal of Phytopathology, 171 (2-3): 82-91.
- Sallah, P.Y.K., K.O. Antwi & M. B. Ewool, 2002. Potential of elite maize composites for drought tolerance in stress and non-drought stress environments. African Crop Science Journal, 10: 1-9.
- Seydoşoğlu, S. & V. Saruhan, 2017. Effect of sowing time and variety on silage quality of maize. Journal of Agriculture Faculty of Ege University, 54 (3): 361-366.
- Shao, Y.H., Y. He & J.Y. Bao, 2009. Near-infrared spectroscopy for classification of organs and prediction of the sugar content. International Journal Food Properties, 12: 644-658.
- Tavazoh, M., D. Habibi, F. Golzardi, M. N. Ilkaee, & F. Paknejad, 2024. Effect of drought stress on morpho-physiological characteristics, nutritive value, and water-use efficiency of sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] varieties under various irrigation systems. Brazilian Journal of Biology, 84: e286121.
- Wu, F. & G. Munkvold, 2008. Mycotoxins in ethanol co-products: modeling economic impacts on the livestock industry and management strategies. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 56 (11): 3900-3911.
- Yu, M.H., G.D. Ding, G.L. Gao, Y.Y. Zhao, L. Yan & K. Sai, 2015. Using plant temperature to evaluate the response of stomatal conductance to soil moisture deficit. Forests, 6 (10): 3748-3762.
There are 40 citations in total.
Details
| Primary Language | English |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Pasture-Meadow Forage Plants |
| Journal Section | Articles |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | June 23, 2025 |
| Submission Date | June 5, 2024 |
| Acceptance Date | December 28, 2024 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2025 Volume: 62 Issue: 2 |
