Investigation of Common Analysis Methods for Detecting Illicit Drugs in Wastewater

Şebnem Şenol

doi:10.70988/ajeas.1606187

İnceleme Makalesi

Atık Sularda Yasa Dışı Uyuşturucu Maddelerin Tespitinde Kullanılan Yaygın Analiz Metotlarının İncelenmesi

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 3 Sayı: 1, 51 - 74, 30.04.2025

Şebnem Şenol

https://doi.org/10.70988/ajeas.1606187

Öz

Bu çalışmada halk sağlığını tehdit eden yasa dışı uyuşturucu maddelerin tespitinde kullanılan analitik cihazların araştırılması yapılmıştır. Son beş yılda dünya çapında yasa dışı uyuşturucuların tespitine yönelik makaleler incelenmiştir.
2022 yılında geçen bir yıl boyunca 18 kişiden biri veya yaklaşık 292 milyon kişi yasa dışı uyuşturucu madde kullanmıştır ve bu sayı son on yıla göre % 20'den fazla artmıştır. Geçen bir yılda yaklaşık 30 milyon kişi amfetamin, 60 milyon kişi opioid kullanmıştır. Uyuşturucu madde kullanımı, özellikle de opioid kullanımı, en büyük küresel hastalık yükü olmaya devam etmektedir. Atık su epidemiyolojisi, son zamanlarda bireysel biyoizleme ve popülasyondaki yasa dışı madde kullanımının miktarını ve türünü tahmin etmek için kullanılan yenilikçi ve umut verici bir disiplindir.Analitik kimya, fizyoloji, biyokimya, atık su mühendisliği, mekansal epidemiyoloji, istatistik ve farmasötik/halk sağlığı epidemiyolojisi dahil olmak üzere farklı disiplinler atık sularda yasa dışı madde ve metabolik ürünlerinin prevelansını tahmin etmekte kullanılmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, 2017-2023 yılları arasında atıksularda yasa dışı uyuşturucu maddelerin tespiti ile ilgili makalelerin incelenmesi, en çok kullanılan analitik cihazların belirlenmesi, yasa dışı uyuşturucu madde tespiti için kullanılan cihazların özetinin sunulması ve literatüre hızlı bir genel bakış sağlanması amaçlanmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Yasa dışı uyuşturucu maddeler, Atık su bazlı epidemiyoloji, Analitik metotlar, Analitik cihazlar

Etik Beyan

Bu çalışma, 3. Uluslararası Karatekin Bilim ve Teknoloji Konferansı'nda sunulmuştur. Yazar(lar), bu makalenin araştırması, yazarlığı ve/veya yayımlanmasıyla ilgili herhangi bir potansiyel çıkar çatışması bulunmadığını beyan etmektedir. Yazar(lar) ayrıca, bu çalışmada kullanılan materyal ve yöntemlerin etik kurul onayı ve/veya herhangi bir yasal-özel izin gerektirmediğini ifade etmektedir.

Proje Numarası

Kaynakça

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Investigation of Common Analysis Methods for Detecting Illicit Drugs in Wastewater

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 3 Sayı: 1, 51 - 74, 30.04.2025

Şebnem Şenol

https://doi.org/10.70988/ajeas.1606187

Öz

In this study, research was carried out using analytical devices used to detect illicit drugs that threaten public health. Articles on detecting illicit drugs worldwide were reviewed in the last five years. In 2022, one in 18 people, or approximately 292 million people, had used illicit drugs in the past year, and this number has increased by more than 20% considering the past decade. Approximately 30 million people used amphetamines, and 60 million people used opioids in the past year. Drug use, especially opioid use, remained the largest global burden of disease. Wastewater-based epidemiology is an innovative and promising discipline that has recently been used for individual biomonitoring and estimating the amount and type of illicit drug use in the population. Many disciplines, including analytical chemistry, physiology, biochemistry, sewage engineering, spatial epidemiology, statistics, and pharmaceutical/public health epidemiology, are used to estimate the prevalence of illicit drugs and their metabolic products in wastewater. This study aimed to review the articles on the detection of illicit drugs in wastewater, determine the most used analytical devices between 2017-2023, present a summary of the devices used for illicit drug detection, and provide a quick overview of the literature.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Illicit drugs, Wastewater based epidemiology, Analytical methods, Analytical devices

Etik Beyan

This work was presented at the 3rd International Karatekin Science and Technology Conference. The author(s) declare that they have no potential conflict of interest regarding the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article. The author(s) also state that the materials and methods used in this study do not require ethics committee approval and/or any legal-special permissions.

Destekleyen Kurum

Proje Numarası

Teşekkür

Kaynakça

S. Santana-Viera, P. A. Lara-Martín, and E. Gonzalez-Mazo, “High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry (HRMS) Determination of Drugs in Wastewater and Wastewater-based Epidemiology in Cadiz Bay (Spain)”, Journal of Environmental Management, vol. 341, no. 118001, pp. 1-11, 2023. Doi:10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.118000
T. Boogaerts, L. Jurgelaitiene, C. Dumitrascu, B. Kasprzyk-Hordern, A Kannan, F. Been, E. Emke, P. de Voogt, A. Covaci, and A.L.N. van Nuijs, “Application of Wastewater-Based Epidemiology to Investigate Stimulant Drug, Alcohol and Tobacco Use in Lithuanian Communities”, Science of the Total Environment, vol. 777, p. 145914, 2021. Doi:10.1016/J.SCITOTENV.2021.145914
K. Mao, K. Zhang, W. Du, W. Ali, X. Feng, and H. Zhang, “The Potential of Wastewater-Based Epidemiology as Surveillance and Early Warning of Infectious Disease Outbreaks”, Current Opinion in Environmental Science & Health, vol. 17, pp. 1-7, 2020. Doi:10.1016/ J.COESH.2020.04.006
A.F.B. de Oliveira, A. de Melo Vieira, and J. Machado Santos, “Trends and Challenges in Analytical Chemistry for Multi Analysis of Illicit Drugs Employing Wastewater Based Epidemiology,” Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry”, vol. 415, pp. 3749–3758, 2023. Doi:10.1007/s00216-023-04644-4
Z. Gao, M. Gao, C. Chen, Y. Zhou, Z. Zhan, and Y. Ren, “Knowledge Graph of Wastewater Based Epidemiology Development: A Data-Driven Analysis Based on Research Topics and Trends”, Environmental Science and Pollution Research, vol.30, pp. 28373–28382, 2023. Doi:10.1007/s11356-023-25237-9
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E. Gracia-Marín, F. Hernández, M. Ibáñez, and L. Bijlsma, “Dilute-and-Shoot Approach for the High-Throughput LC-MS/MS Determination of Illicit Drugs in the Field of Wastewater-based Epidemiology”, Water Research, vol. 259, no. 1, p. 121864, 2024. Doi:10.1016/j.watres.2024.121864
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Toplam 59 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil	İngilizce
Konular	Atıksu Arıtma Süreçleri
Bölüm	Derlemeler
Yazarlar	Şebnem Şenol 0000-0002-6420-995X
Proje Numarası	-
Erken Görünüm Tarihi	29 Nisan 2025
Yayımlanma Tarihi	30 Nisan 2025
Gönderilme Tarihi	23 Aralık 2024
Kabul Tarihi	14 Nisan 2025
Yayımlandığı Sayı	Yıl 2025 Cilt: 3 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

IEEE	Ş. Şenol, “Investigation of Common Analysis Methods for Detecting Illicit Drugs in Wastewater”, AJEAS, c. 3, sy. 1, ss. 51–74, 2025, doi: 10.70988/ajeas.1606187.

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