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Epileptik Nöbetlerin Tespiti için Öznitelik Çıkartma ve Sınıflandırma Yöntemleri

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 25 Sayı: 4, 956 - 968, 04.08.2025

Nuri İkizler , Güneş Ekim

https://doi.org/10.35414/akufemubid.1574539

Öz

Bu çalışmada, Bonn Üniversitesi Epileptoloji Bölümü'nden alınan EEG veri seti kullanılarak, epileptik nöbet tespitine yönelik bir model sunulmuştur. Frekans analizinde daha hassas sonuçlar elde etmek için ikiye ayrılan sinyaller ile sınıflandırma algoritmalarının performansının artırılmasına katkı sağlanan çalışmada, her sınıf için oluşturulan referans sinyaller, sınıf içi tutarlılık ve anormal sinyallerin tespiti açısından önemli bir rol oynamıştır. Sinyallerin spektral özelliklerinin karşılaştırılmasının, sınıflar arasındaki farkların belirginleşmesine ve sınıflandırma performansının artmasına yardımcı olduğu modelde, özellik vektöründe spektral farklar, enerji, entropi ve frekans sapmaları gibi özellikler kullanılarak, özellikle Kullback-Leibler ayrışması ve Euclidean mesafesi gibi metrikler sayesinde sınıflar arası spektral farklılıkların tespit edilmesi sağlanmıştır. Sınıflandırma aşamasında kullanılan beş farklı sınıflandırma algoritması içinde k-EYK (k=1) ve LMA en yüksek performansı göstererek, on üç sınıflandırma görevi içerisinde yedi görevde epileptik nöbetlerin %100 doğrulukla tespit edilmesi sağlamıştır. Tüm sınıflandırma görevlerinde k-EYK ile LMA sınıflandırıcıları için bulunan ortalama %98,03 ve %98,23 doğruluk değerleri, modelin epileptik nöbet tespiti için çok başarılı ve güvenilir bir yöntem olduğunu göstermektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Epileptik nöbet tespiti EEG Spektral analiz Welch yöntemi k-En yakın komşu

Kaynakça

  • Al-Hadeethi, H., Abdulla, S., Diykh, M., Deo, R.C. and Green, J.H., 2020. Adaptive boosts LS-SVM classification approach for time-series signal classification in epileptic seizure diagnosis applications. Expert Systems with Applications, 161, 113676. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eswa.2020.113676
  • Alkan, A. and Kiymik, M.K., 2006. Comparison of AR and Welch methods in epileptic seizure detection. Journal of Medical Systems, 30, 413-419. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10916-005-9001-0
  • Alotaiby, T.N., Alshebeili, S.A., Abd El-Samie, F.E., Alabdulrazak, A. and Alkhnaian, E., 2016. Channel selection and seizure detection using a statistical approach. In 2016 5th international conference on electronic devices, systems and applications (ICEDSA). Ras Al Khaimah, United Arab Emirates, 1-4. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICEDSA.2016.7818505
  • Basri, A. and Arif, M., 2021. Classification of seizure types using random forest classifier. Advances in Science and Technology Research Journal, 15(3), 167–178. https://doi.org/10.12913/22998624/140542
  • Birjandtalab, J., Pouyan, M.B., Cogan, D., Nourani, M. and Harvey, J., 2017. Automated seizure detection using limited-channel EEG and non-linear dimension reduction. Computers in biology and medicine, 82, 49-58. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compbiomed.2017.01.011
  • Boubchir, L., Daachi, B. and Pangracious, V., 2017. A review of feature extraction for EEG epileptic seizure detection and classification. In 2017 40th International Conference on Telecommunications and Signal Processing (TSP). Barcelona, Spain, 456-460. https://doi.org/10.1109/TSP.2017.8076027
  • Choubey, H. and Pandey, A., 2019. A new feature extraction and classification mechanisms For EEG signal processing. Multidimensional Systems and Signal Processing, 30, 1793-1809. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11045-018-0628-7
  • Eltrass, A.S., Tayel, M.B. and EL-qady, A.F., 2021. Automatic epileptic seizure detection approach based on multi-stage Quantized Kernel Least Mean Square filters. Biomedical Signal Processing and Control, 70, 103031.
  • Gabr, R.H., Shahin, A.I., Sharawi, A.A. and Aouf, M., 2020. A deep learning identification system for different epileptic seizure disease stages. Journal of Engineering and Applied Science, 67(4), 925-944. Gao, X., Yan, X., Gao, P., Gao, X. And Zhang, S., 2020. Automatic detection of epileptic seizure based on approximate entropy, recurrence quantification analysis and convolutional neural networks. Artificial intelligence in medicine, 102, 101711. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.artmed.2019.101711
  • Harpale, V., and Bairagi, V., 2021. An adaptive method for feature selection and extraction for classification of epileptic EEG signal in significant states. Journal of King Saud University-Computer and Information Sciences, 33(6), 668-676. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jksuci.2018.04.014
  • Hasan, M.K., Ahamed, M.A., Ahmad, M. and Rashid, M.A., 2017. Prediction of epileptic seizure by Analysing time series EEG signal using k‐NN classifier. Applied bionics and biomechanics, 2017(1), 6848014. https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/6848014
  • Jana, G.C., Praneeth, M.S. and Agrawal, A., 2023. A multi-view SVM approach for seizure detection from single channel EEG signals. IETE Journal of Research, 69(6), 3120-3131. https://doi.org/10.1080/03772063.2021.1913074
  • Ji, S., Zhang, Z., Ying, S., Wang, L., Zhao, X. and Gao, Y., 2020. Kullback–Leibler divergence metric learning. IEEE transactions on cybernetics, 52(4), 2047-2058. https://doi.org/10.1109/TCYB.2020.3008248
  • Jiang, Y., Chen, W. and You, Y., 2020. Scattering transform-based features for the automatic seizure detection. Biocybernetics and Biomedical Engineering, 40(1), 77-89. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbe.2019.11.002
  • Juba, B. and Le, H.S., 2019. Precision-recall versus accuracy and the role of large data sets. In Proceedings of the AAAI conference on artificial intelligence. Honolulu, Hawaii, USA, 4039-4048. https://doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v33i01.33014039
  • Kabir, E.S. and Zhang, Y., 2016. Epileptic seizure detection from EEG signals using logistic model trees. Brain informatics, 3, 93-100. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40708-015-0030-2
  • Krislock, N. and Wolkowicz, H., 2012. Euclidean Distance Matrices and Applications. In Handbook on Semidefinite, Conic and Polynomial Optimization. International Series in Operations Research & Management Science, vol 166. Springer, New York, NY, 879-914. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-0769-0_30
  • Kumar, A. and Kolekar, M.H., 2014. Machine learning approach for epileptic seizure detection using wavelet analysis of EEG signals. In 2014 International Conference on Medical Imaging, m-Health and Emerging Communication Systems (MedCom), Greater Noida, India, 412-416. https://doi.org/10.1109/MedCom.2014.7006043
  • Li, M., Sun, X., Chen, W., Jiang, Y. and Zhang, T., 2019. Classification epileptic seizures in EEG using time-frequency image and block texture features. IEEE Access, 8, 9770-9781. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2019.2960848
  • Liu, S., Wang, J., Li, S. and Cai, L., 2023. Epileptic seizure detection and prediction in EEGS using power spectra density parameterization. IEEE Transactions on Neural Systems and Rehabilitation Engineering, 31, 3884-3894. https://doi.org/10.1109/TNSRE.2023.3317093
  • Mandhouj, B., Cherni, M.A. and Sayadi, M., 2021. An automated classification of EEG signals based on spectrogram and CNN for epilepsy diagnosis. Analog integrated circuits and signal processing, 108(1), 101-110. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10470-021-01805-2
  • Menéndez, M.L., Pardo, J.A., Pardo, L. and Pardo, M.C., 1997. The jensen-shannon divergence. Journal of the Franklin Institute, 334(2), 307-318. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0016-0032(96)00063-4
  • Milligan, T.A., 2021. Epilepsy: a clinical overview. The American Journal of Medicine, 134(7), 840-847. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amjmed.2021.01.038
  • Miltiadous, A., Tzimourta, K.D., Giannakeas, N., Tsipouras, M.G., Glavas, E., Kalafatakis, K. and Tzallas, A.T., 2022. Machine learning algorithms for epilepsy detection based on published EEG databases: A systematic review. IEEE Access, 11, 564-594. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2022.3232563
  • Mirzaei, A., Ayatollahi, A., Gifani, P. and Salehi, L., 2010. Spectral entropy for epileptic seizures detection. In 2010 2nd International Conference on Computational Intelligence, Communication Systems and Networks. Liverpool, UK, 301-307. https://doi.org/10.1109/CICSyN.2010.84
  • Niknazar, H., Mousavi, S.R., Niknazar, M., Mardanlou, V. and Coelho, B.N., 2020. Performance analysis of EEG seizure detection features. Epilepsy Research, 167, 106483. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2020.106483
  • Nogay, H.S. and Adeli, H., 2021. Detection of epileptic seizure using pretrained deep convolutional neural network and transfer learning. European neurology, 83(6), 602-614. https://doi.org/10.1159/000512985
  • Nwe, T.L., Hieu, N.T. and Limbu, D.K., 2013. Bhattacharyya distance based emotional dissimilarity measure for emotion classification. In 2013 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing. Vancouver, BC, Canada, 7512-7516. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICASSP.2013.6639123
  • Pal, H. and Kumar, A., 2023. Stability analysis of multiscale bubble entropy and power metric-based seizure detection technique with MLA. IETE Journal of Research, 69(6), 3455-3466. https://doi.org/10.1080/03772063.2021.1912650
  • Polat, K. and Nour, M., 2020. Epileptic seizure detection based on new hybrid models with electroencephalogram signals. IRBM, 41(6), 331-353. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.irbm.2020.06.008
  • Paul, Y., 2018. Various epileptic seizure detection techniques using biomedical signals: a review. Brain informatics, 5, 1-19. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40708-018-0084-z
  • Quintero-Rincón, A., d'Giano, C. and Batatia, H., 2020. A quadratic linear-parabolic model-based EEG classification to detect epileptic seizures. Journal of Biomedical Research, 34(3), 205. https://doi.org/10.7555/JBR.33.20190012
  • Saini, J. and Dutta, M., 2018. Epilepsy classification using optimized artificial neural network. Neurological Research, 40(11), 982-994. https://doi.org/10.1080/01616412.2018.1508544
  • Sharmila, A. and Mahalakshmi, P., 2017. Wavelet-based feature extraction for classification of epileptic seizure EEG signal. Journal of medical engineering & technology, 41(8), 670-680. https://doi.org/10.1080/03091902.2017.1394388
  • Shiao, H.T., Cherkassky, V., Lee, J., Veber, B., Patterson, E. E., Brinkmann, B.H. and Worrell, G.A., 2016. SVM-based system for prediction of epileptic seizures from iEEG signal. IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering, 64(5), 1011-1022. https://doi.org/10.1109/TBME.2016.2586475
  • Siddiqui, M.K., Huang, X., Morales-Menendez, R., Hussain, N. and Khatoon, K., 2020. Machine learning based novel cost-sensitive seizure detection classifier for imbalanced EEG data sets. International Journal on Interactive Design and Manufacturing (IJIDeM), 1491-1509. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12008-020-00715-3
  • Sriraam, N., Raghu, S., Tamanna, K., Narayan, L., Khanum, M., Hegde, A. S. and Kumar, A. B., 2018. Automated epileptic seizures detection using multi-features and multilayer perceptron neural network. Brain Informatics, 5(2), 10. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40708-018-0088-8
  • Vidyaratne, L.S. and Iftekharuddin, K.M., 2017. Real-time epileptic seizure detection using EEG. IEEE Transactions on Neural Systems and Rehabilitation Engineering, 25(11), 2146-2156. https://doi.org/10.1109/TNSRE.2017.2697920
  • Wang, Z., Na, J. and Zheng, B., 2020. An improved k-NN classifier for epilepsy diagnosis. IEEE Access, 8, 100022-100030. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2020.2996946
  • Zhang, J., Wei, Z., Zou, J. and Fu, H., 2020. Automatic epileptic EEG classification based on differential entropy and attention model. Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence, 96, 103975. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engappai.2020.103975
  • Zhao, X., Zhang, R., Mei, Z., Chen, C. and Chen, W., 2019. Identification of epileptic seizures by characterizing instantaneous energy behavior of EEG. IEEE Access, 70059-70076. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2019.2919158
  • National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke. http://www.ninds.nih.gov/(23.08.2024) World Health Organization, https://www.who.int/, (23.08.2024)

Feature Extraction and Classification Methods for Epileptic Seizure Detection

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 25 Sayı: 4, 956 - 968, 04.08.2025

Nuri İkizler , Güneş Ekim

https://doi.org/10.35414/akufemubid.1574539

Öz

In this study, a model for detecting epileptic seizures is presented using the EEG dataset from the Epileptology Department of the University of Bonn. To obtain more precise results in frequency analysis, the signals are split into two parts, which contributed to improving the performance of the classification algorithms. The reference signals is obtained for each class played a significant role in assessing intra-class consistency and detecting abnormal signals. The comparison of spectral features among signals is helped to highlight differences between classes and enhance classification performance. In the feature vector, spectral differences, energy, entropy, and frequency deviations are employed, with metrics such as Kullback-Leibler divergence and Euclidean distance are used to detect spectral differences between classes. Among the five different classification algorithms used, k-NN (k=1) and LMT showed the highest performance, successfully detecting epileptic seizures with 100% accuracy in seven out of thirteen classification tasks. The average accuracy values of 98.03% for k-NN and 98.23% for LMT across all classification tasks demonstrate that the model is a highly effective and reliable method for detecting epileptic seizures.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Epileptic seizure detection EEG Spectral analysis Welch method k-Nearest neighbor

Kaynakça

  • Al-Hadeethi, H., Abdulla, S., Diykh, M., Deo, R.C. and Green, J.H., 2020. Adaptive boosts LS-SVM classification approach for time-series signal classification in epileptic seizure diagnosis applications. Expert Systems with Applications, 161, 113676. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eswa.2020.113676
  • Alkan, A. and Kiymik, M.K., 2006. Comparison of AR and Welch methods in epileptic seizure detection. Journal of Medical Systems, 30, 413-419. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10916-005-9001-0
  • Alotaiby, T.N., Alshebeili, S.A., Abd El-Samie, F.E., Alabdulrazak, A. and Alkhnaian, E., 2016. Channel selection and seizure detection using a statistical approach. In 2016 5th international conference on electronic devices, systems and applications (ICEDSA). Ras Al Khaimah, United Arab Emirates, 1-4. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICEDSA.2016.7818505
  • Basri, A. and Arif, M., 2021. Classification of seizure types using random forest classifier. Advances in Science and Technology Research Journal, 15(3), 167–178. https://doi.org/10.12913/22998624/140542
  • Birjandtalab, J., Pouyan, M.B., Cogan, D., Nourani, M. and Harvey, J., 2017. Automated seizure detection using limited-channel EEG and non-linear dimension reduction. Computers in biology and medicine, 82, 49-58. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compbiomed.2017.01.011
  • Boubchir, L., Daachi, B. and Pangracious, V., 2017. A review of feature extraction for EEG epileptic seizure detection and classification. In 2017 40th International Conference on Telecommunications and Signal Processing (TSP). Barcelona, Spain, 456-460. https://doi.org/10.1109/TSP.2017.8076027
  • Choubey, H. and Pandey, A., 2019. A new feature extraction and classification mechanisms For EEG signal processing. Multidimensional Systems and Signal Processing, 30, 1793-1809. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11045-018-0628-7
  • Eltrass, A.S., Tayel, M.B. and EL-qady, A.F., 2021. Automatic epileptic seizure detection approach based on multi-stage Quantized Kernel Least Mean Square filters. Biomedical Signal Processing and Control, 70, 103031.
  • Gabr, R.H., Shahin, A.I., Sharawi, A.A. and Aouf, M., 2020. A deep learning identification system for different epileptic seizure disease stages. Journal of Engineering and Applied Science, 67(4), 925-944. Gao, X., Yan, X., Gao, P., Gao, X. And Zhang, S., 2020. Automatic detection of epileptic seizure based on approximate entropy, recurrence quantification analysis and convolutional neural networks. Artificial intelligence in medicine, 102, 101711. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.artmed.2019.101711
  • Harpale, V., and Bairagi, V., 2021. An adaptive method for feature selection and extraction for classification of epileptic EEG signal in significant states. Journal of King Saud University-Computer and Information Sciences, 33(6), 668-676. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jksuci.2018.04.014
  • Hasan, M.K., Ahamed, M.A., Ahmad, M. and Rashid, M.A., 2017. Prediction of epileptic seizure by Analysing time series EEG signal using k‐NN classifier. Applied bionics and biomechanics, 2017(1), 6848014. https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/6848014
  • Jana, G.C., Praneeth, M.S. and Agrawal, A., 2023. A multi-view SVM approach for seizure detection from single channel EEG signals. IETE Journal of Research, 69(6), 3120-3131. https://doi.org/10.1080/03772063.2021.1913074
  • Ji, S., Zhang, Z., Ying, S., Wang, L., Zhao, X. and Gao, Y., 2020. Kullback–Leibler divergence metric learning. IEEE transactions on cybernetics, 52(4), 2047-2058. https://doi.org/10.1109/TCYB.2020.3008248
  • Jiang, Y., Chen, W. and You, Y., 2020. Scattering transform-based features for the automatic seizure detection. Biocybernetics and Biomedical Engineering, 40(1), 77-89. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbe.2019.11.002
  • Juba, B. and Le, H.S., 2019. Precision-recall versus accuracy and the role of large data sets. In Proceedings of the AAAI conference on artificial intelligence. Honolulu, Hawaii, USA, 4039-4048. https://doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v33i01.33014039
  • Kabir, E.S. and Zhang, Y., 2016. Epileptic seizure detection from EEG signals using logistic model trees. Brain informatics, 3, 93-100. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40708-015-0030-2
  • Krislock, N. and Wolkowicz, H., 2012. Euclidean Distance Matrices and Applications. In Handbook on Semidefinite, Conic and Polynomial Optimization. International Series in Operations Research & Management Science, vol 166. Springer, New York, NY, 879-914. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-0769-0_30
  • Kumar, A. and Kolekar, M.H., 2014. Machine learning approach for epileptic seizure detection using wavelet analysis of EEG signals. In 2014 International Conference on Medical Imaging, m-Health and Emerging Communication Systems (MedCom), Greater Noida, India, 412-416. https://doi.org/10.1109/MedCom.2014.7006043
  • Li, M., Sun, X., Chen, W., Jiang, Y. and Zhang, T., 2019. Classification epileptic seizures in EEG using time-frequency image and block texture features. IEEE Access, 8, 9770-9781. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2019.2960848
  • Liu, S., Wang, J., Li, S. and Cai, L., 2023. Epileptic seizure detection and prediction in EEGS using power spectra density parameterization. IEEE Transactions on Neural Systems and Rehabilitation Engineering, 31, 3884-3894. https://doi.org/10.1109/TNSRE.2023.3317093
  • Mandhouj, B., Cherni, M.A. and Sayadi, M., 2021. An automated classification of EEG signals based on spectrogram and CNN for epilepsy diagnosis. Analog integrated circuits and signal processing, 108(1), 101-110. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10470-021-01805-2
  • Menéndez, M.L., Pardo, J.A., Pardo, L. and Pardo, M.C., 1997. The jensen-shannon divergence. Journal of the Franklin Institute, 334(2), 307-318. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0016-0032(96)00063-4
  • Milligan, T.A., 2021. Epilepsy: a clinical overview. The American Journal of Medicine, 134(7), 840-847. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amjmed.2021.01.038
  • Miltiadous, A., Tzimourta, K.D., Giannakeas, N., Tsipouras, M.G., Glavas, E., Kalafatakis, K. and Tzallas, A.T., 2022. Machine learning algorithms for epilepsy detection based on published EEG databases: A systematic review. IEEE Access, 11, 564-594. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2022.3232563
  • Mirzaei, A., Ayatollahi, A., Gifani, P. and Salehi, L., 2010. Spectral entropy for epileptic seizures detection. In 2010 2nd International Conference on Computational Intelligence, Communication Systems and Networks. Liverpool, UK, 301-307. https://doi.org/10.1109/CICSyN.2010.84
  • Niknazar, H., Mousavi, S.R., Niknazar, M., Mardanlou, V. and Coelho, B.N., 2020. Performance analysis of EEG seizure detection features. Epilepsy Research, 167, 106483. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2020.106483
  • Nogay, H.S. and Adeli, H., 2021. Detection of epileptic seizure using pretrained deep convolutional neural network and transfer learning. European neurology, 83(6), 602-614. https://doi.org/10.1159/000512985
  • Nwe, T.L., Hieu, N.T. and Limbu, D.K., 2013. Bhattacharyya distance based emotional dissimilarity measure for emotion classification. In 2013 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing. Vancouver, BC, Canada, 7512-7516. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICASSP.2013.6639123
  • Pal, H. and Kumar, A., 2023. Stability analysis of multiscale bubble entropy and power metric-based seizure detection technique with MLA. IETE Journal of Research, 69(6), 3455-3466. https://doi.org/10.1080/03772063.2021.1912650
  • Polat, K. and Nour, M., 2020. Epileptic seizure detection based on new hybrid models with electroencephalogram signals. IRBM, 41(6), 331-353. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.irbm.2020.06.008
  • Paul, Y., 2018. Various epileptic seizure detection techniques using biomedical signals: a review. Brain informatics, 5, 1-19. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40708-018-0084-z
  • Quintero-Rincón, A., d'Giano, C. and Batatia, H., 2020. A quadratic linear-parabolic model-based EEG classification to detect epileptic seizures. Journal of Biomedical Research, 34(3), 205. https://doi.org/10.7555/JBR.33.20190012
  • Saini, J. and Dutta, M., 2018. Epilepsy classification using optimized artificial neural network. Neurological Research, 40(11), 982-994. https://doi.org/10.1080/01616412.2018.1508544
  • Sharmila, A. and Mahalakshmi, P., 2017. Wavelet-based feature extraction for classification of epileptic seizure EEG signal. Journal of medical engineering & technology, 41(8), 670-680. https://doi.org/10.1080/03091902.2017.1394388
  • Shiao, H.T., Cherkassky, V., Lee, J., Veber, B., Patterson, E. E., Brinkmann, B.H. and Worrell, G.A., 2016. SVM-based system for prediction of epileptic seizures from iEEG signal. IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering, 64(5), 1011-1022. https://doi.org/10.1109/TBME.2016.2586475
  • Siddiqui, M.K., Huang, X., Morales-Menendez, R., Hussain, N. and Khatoon, K., 2020. Machine learning based novel cost-sensitive seizure detection classifier for imbalanced EEG data sets. International Journal on Interactive Design and Manufacturing (IJIDeM), 1491-1509. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12008-020-00715-3
  • Sriraam, N., Raghu, S., Tamanna, K., Narayan, L., Khanum, M., Hegde, A. S. and Kumar, A. B., 2018. Automated epileptic seizures detection using multi-features and multilayer perceptron neural network. Brain Informatics, 5(2), 10. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40708-018-0088-8
  • Vidyaratne, L.S. and Iftekharuddin, K.M., 2017. Real-time epileptic seizure detection using EEG. IEEE Transactions on Neural Systems and Rehabilitation Engineering, 25(11), 2146-2156. https://doi.org/10.1109/TNSRE.2017.2697920
  • Wang, Z., Na, J. and Zheng, B., 2020. An improved k-NN classifier for epilepsy diagnosis. IEEE Access, 8, 100022-100030. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2020.2996946
  • Zhang, J., Wei, Z., Zou, J. and Fu, H., 2020. Automatic epileptic EEG classification based on differential entropy and attention model. Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence, 96, 103975. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engappai.2020.103975
  • Zhao, X., Zhang, R., Mei, Z., Chen, C. and Chen, W., 2019. Identification of epileptic seizures by characterizing instantaneous energy behavior of EEG. IEEE Access, 70059-70076. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2019.2919158
  • National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke. http://www.ninds.nih.gov/(23.08.2024) World Health Organization, https://www.who.int/, (23.08.2024)
Toplam 42 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Biyomedikal Mühendisliği (Diğer)
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Nuri İkizler 0000-0002-7632-1973

Güneş Ekim 0000-0003-4867-3100

Erken Görünüm Tarihi 21 Temmuz 2025
Yayımlanma Tarihi 4 Ağustos 2025
Gönderilme Tarihi 27 Ekim 2024
Kabul Tarihi 1 Şubat 2025
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2025 Cilt: 25 Sayı: 4

Kaynak Göster

APA İkizler, N., & Ekim, G. (2025). Epileptik Nöbetlerin Tespiti için Öznitelik Çıkartma ve Sınıflandırma Yöntemleri. Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Fen Ve Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi, 25(4), 956-968. https://doi.org/10.35414/akufemubid.1574539
AMA İkizler N, Ekim G. Epileptik Nöbetlerin Tespiti için Öznitelik Çıkartma ve Sınıflandırma Yöntemleri. Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Fen Ve Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi. Ağustos 2025;25(4):956-968. doi:10.35414/akufemubid.1574539
Chicago İkizler, Nuri, ve Güneş Ekim. “Epileptik Nöbetlerin Tespiti için Öznitelik Çıkartma Ve Sınıflandırma Yöntemleri”. Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Fen Ve Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi 25, sy. 4 (Ağustos 2025): 956-68. https://doi.org/10.35414/akufemubid.1574539.
EndNote İkizler N, Ekim G (01 Ağustos 2025) Epileptik Nöbetlerin Tespiti için Öznitelik Çıkartma ve Sınıflandırma Yöntemleri. Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Fen Ve Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi 25 4 956–968.
IEEE N. İkizler ve G. Ekim, “Epileptik Nöbetlerin Tespiti için Öznitelik Çıkartma ve Sınıflandırma Yöntemleri”, Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Fen Ve Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi, c. 25, sy. 4, ss. 956–968, 2025, doi: 10.35414/akufemubid.1574539.
ISNAD İkizler, Nuri - Ekim, Güneş. “Epileptik Nöbetlerin Tespiti için Öznitelik Çıkartma Ve Sınıflandırma Yöntemleri”. Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Fen Ve Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi 25/4 (Ağustos 2025), 956-968. https://doi.org/10.35414/akufemubid.1574539.
JAMA İkizler N, Ekim G. Epileptik Nöbetlerin Tespiti için Öznitelik Çıkartma ve Sınıflandırma Yöntemleri. Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Fen Ve Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi. 2025;25:956–968.
MLA İkizler, Nuri ve Güneş Ekim. “Epileptik Nöbetlerin Tespiti için Öznitelik Çıkartma Ve Sınıflandırma Yöntemleri”. Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Fen Ve Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi, c. 25, sy. 4, 2025, ss. 956-68, doi:10.35414/akufemubid.1574539.
Vancouver İkizler N, Ekim G. Epileptik Nöbetlerin Tespiti için Öznitelik Çıkartma ve Sınıflandırma Yöntemleri. Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Fen Ve Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi. 2025;25(4):956-68.
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