Araştırma Makalesi
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Adölesan kızların cinsel yolla bulaşan hastalıklardan korunması: Farkındalık eğitimi sonuçları

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 30 Sayı: 2, 268 - 277, 29.05.2025
https://doi.org/10.21673/anadoluklin.1466255

Öz

Amaç: Cinsel yolla bulaşan hastalıklar, gelişmekte olan ülkelerde önemli bir halk sağlığı sorunu ve ekonomik yüke neden olmakta ve özellikle kadınlar üzerinde orantısız bir etki oluşturmaktadır. Bu araştırmayla, lisede öğrenim gören kızların cinsel yolla bulaşan hastalıklar konusundaki bilgi düzeylerinin belirlenmesi ve verilen eğitimle bilgi düzeyinde meydana gelen değişikliğin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır.

Yöntemler: Araştırmanın örneklemini bir kız lisesinin 10. ve 11. sınıflarında öğrenim gören 131 öğrenci oluşturdu. Veriler, Mayıs 2023’te planlanan bir eğitimin öncesinde ve sonrasında ‘Kişisel Bilgi Formu’ ve ‘Cinsel Yolla Bulaşan Hastalıklara İlişkin Bilgi Formu’ kullanılarak toplandı.

Bulgular: Araştırmaya katılan öğrencilerin yaş ortalaması 16.24±0.75’tir. Cinsel Yolla Bulaşan Hastalıklar Bilgi Formunun toplam puan ortalaması eğitim öncesinde 19,17±3,05 iken eğitim sonrasında 22,9±2,74 olarak belirlendi. Formun bazı sorularının eğitim sonundaki doğru cevaplarında istatistiksel olarak pozitif yönde anlamlı düzeyde fark olduğu belirlendi. Bu sorular; ‘aşı ile korunma’, ‘iki cinsel hastalığın birlikte bulaşma riski’, ‘bebekleri etkileme ve çocuklarda da görülebilme’, ‘deri teması ile bulaşma’, ‘çoklu partner riski’, ‘kısırlığa neden olma’, ‘klozetten kolay bulaşma’, ‘korunmak için kondom kullanımının yeterliliği’, ‘oral temas riski’, ‘ortak enjektör riski’ ve ‘cinsel yol dışında bulaşma riski’ ile ilgili bilgi düzeyini ölçen sorulardır.

Sonuçlar: Bu araştırmanın bulguları, ergenlik çağındaki kızların cinsel yolla bulaşan hastalıklara ilişkin yetersiz olan bilgi düzeylerinin verilen eğitimle arttığını göstermektedir. Gençlerin cinsel yolla bulaşan hastalıklar konusundaki bilgi düzeylerini artırmak ve güvenilir bilgi kaynaklarına erişimlerini sağlamak için bu ve benzer araştırma sonuçlarının da dikkate alınarak tasarlanacak cinsel sağlık eğitimlerinin lise ve üniversite müfredatlarına dahil edilmesi önerilmektedir.

Kaynakça

  • Rummel M, Clanner-Engelshofen BM, Nellessen T, et al. Evaluation of the knowledge of students concerning sexually transmitted infections in Bavaria/Germany (a cross-sectional study). J Dtsch Dermatol Ges. 2022;20(2):169-76.
  • World Health Organization (WHO) Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) Date of access: 29.07.2023. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/sexually-transmission-infections-(stis)
  • Cegolon L, Bortolotto M, Bellizzi S, et al. A Survey on Knowledge, Prevention, and Occurrence of Sexually Transmitted Infections among Freshmen from Four Italian Universities. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022;19(2):897.
  • Amin A. Addressing gender inequalities to improve the sexual and reproductive health and wellbeing of women living with HIV. J Int AIDS Soc. 2015;18(Suppl 5):20302.
  • Shewarega ES, Fentie EA, Asmamaw DB, et al. Sexually transmitted infections related care-seeking behavior and associated factors among reproductive age women in East Africa: a multilevel analysis of demographic and health surveys. BMC Public Health. 2022;22(1):1714.
  • Guure C, Dery S, Afagbedzi S, Maya E, da-Costa Vroom FB, Torpey K. Correlates of prevalent HIV infection among adolescents, young adults, and older adult female sex workers in Ghana: Analysis of data from the Ghana biobehavioral survey. PLoS One. 2023;18(11):e0292686.
  • Kırmızıtoprak E, Şimşek Z. The Effect of Peer-Education on Sexually Transmitted Diseases and Safer Sexual Life Knowledge and Behaviour of Young People. TAF Prev Med Bull. 2011;10(4):463-72.
  • Demir H, Tasar MA, Ulu K, et al. Levels of Knowledge of Adolescents about Sexually Transmitted Diseases in a Region with Low Socioeconomic Level in Ankara. Turk J Pediatr 2015; 9:32-38.
  • Kilinc S. Content Analysis of Theses on Sexual Education in Turkey: KTO Karatay University; 2023.
  • Akuiyibo S, Anyanti J, Idogho O, et al. Impact of peer education on sexual health knowledge among adolescents and young persons in two North Western states of Nigeria. Reprod Health. 2021;18(1):204.
  • Khatirpasha S, Farahani-Nia M, Nikpour S, et al. Puberty health education and female students’ self-efficacy. JCCNC. 2019;5:231-8.
  • Arakawa S. Education for prevention of STIs to young people (2021 version) Standardized slides in youth education for the prevention of sexually transmitted infections-for high school students and for junior high school students. J Infect Chemother. 2021;27(10):1375-83.
  • Alhasawi A, Grover SB, Sadek A, Ashoor I, Alkhabbaz I, Almasri S. Assessing HIV/AIDS Knowledge, Awareness, and Attitudes among Senior High School Students in Kuwait. Med Princ Pract. 2019;28(5):470-6.
  • Citak G. Adolescents and Reproductive Health Problems. I National Women’s Health Congress Special Issue: Halic Uni J of Health Sci. 2021;93-100.
  • Beji NK, Gizem K, Savaser S. Priority problems of women’s health in our country. Ordu University J Nurs Stud. 2021;4:105-12.
  • Ozkan H, Ust Tasgın ZD, Ejder Apay S. Comparision of the sexual health knowledge level of the students who are educated and uneducated about sexuality. J Midwifery and Health Sci. 2020;3:11-21.
  • Al-Gburi G, Al-Shakarchi A, Al-Dabagh JD, Lami F. Assessing knowledge, attitudes, and practices toward sexually transmitted infections among Baghdad undergraduate students for research-guided sexual health education. Front Public Health. 2023;11:1017300.
  • Malli IA, Kabli BA, Alhakami LA. Sexually Transmitted Diseases among Saudi Women: Knowledge and Misconceptions. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2023;20(6):4858.
  • UNAIDS Global AIDS Update 2022. Erişim Tarihi: 10.06.2024 Available at: https://www.unaids.org/sites/default/files/media_asset/2022-global-aids-update_en.pdf.
  • Çapık C. Statistical Power analysis and its use in nursing research: basic information. Anatolian J Nurs Health Sci. 2014;17(4):268–74.
  • Van Gerwen OT, Muzny CA, Marrazzo JM. Sexually transmitted infections and female reproductive health. Nat Microbiol. 2022;7(8):1116-26.
  • Ozkan OH, Tosun S, Sayın S. What HIV/AIDS Disease Education Changed in Health Vocational High School ID Trainee Students. ANKEM Derg. 2021;35(2):33-7.
  • Mbugua SM, Karonjo JM. Reproductive health knowledge among college students in Kenya. BMC Public Health. 2018;18(1):907.
  • Inthavong K, Ha LTH, Anh LTK, Sychareun V. Knowledge of safe sex and sexually transmitted infections among high school students, Vientiane Prefecture, Lao PDR. Glob Health Action. 2020;13(sup2):1785159.
  • Anwar M, Sulaiman SA, Ahmadi K, Khan TM. Awareness of school students on sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and their sexual behavior: a cross-sectional study conducted in Pulau Pinang, Malaysia. BMC Public Health. 2010;10:47.
  • Bourke A, Boduszek D, Kelleher C, McBride O, Morgan K. Sex education, first sex and sexual health outcomes in adulthood: findings from a nationally representative sexual health survey. Sex Edu. 2014;14(3):299-309.
  • Sieving RE, Gewirtz O’Brien JR, Saftner MA, Argo TA. Sexually Transmitted Diseases Among US Adolescents and Young Adults: Patterns, Clinical Considerations, and Prevention. Nurs Clin North Am. 2019;54(2):207-25.
  • Bukulmez N, Kavlak T, Kılavuz M. Investigation of High School Students Knowledge Levels on Sexually Transmitted Diseases. FBU-JOHS. 2023;3(2):175-87.
  • Visalli G, Cosenza B, Mazzù F, et al. Knowledge of sexually transmitted infections and risky behaviours: a survey among high school and university students. J Prev Med Hyg. 2019;60(2):E84-E92.
  • Mbugua SM, Karonjo JM. Reproductive health knowledge among college students in Kenya. BMC Public Health. 2018;18(1):907.
  • Rohrbach LA, Berglas NF, Jerman P, Angulo-Olaiz F, Chou CP, Constantine NA. A Rights-Based Sexuality Education Curriculum for Adolescents: 1-Year Outcomes From a Cluster-Randomized Trial. J Adolesc Health. 2015;57(4):399-406.
  • Kendall AD, Young CB, Bray BC, Emerson EM, Freels S, Donenberg GR. Changes in externalizing and internalizing symptoms among African American female adolescents over 1 year following a mother-daughter sexual health intervention. J Consult Clin Psychol. 2020;88(6):495-503.
  • Goldfarb ES, Lieberman LD. Three Decades of Research: The Case for Comprehensive Sex Education. J Adolesc Health. 2021;68(1):13-27.
  • Börekçi G, Uysal DA, Özel A et al. Using Peer-based Education to Increase the Knowledge Level of Vocational High Students About Sexually Transmitted Diseases. Istanbul Med J. 2020;21(4):266-74.
  • Gonul K, Aciksoz S, Arslan H. Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Two Training Methods to Increase the Knowledge Levels of Nursing Students on Sexually Transmitted Diseases. TJFMPC. 2021;15(1):33-41.
  • Paul-Ebhohimhen VA, Poobalan A, van Teijlingen ER. A systematic review of school-based sexual health interventions to prevent STI/HIV in sub-Saharan Africa. BMC Public Health. 2008;8:4.
  • Hu Z, Fu Y, Wang X, et al. Effects of Sexuality Education on Sexual Knowledge, Sexual Attitudes, and Sexual Behaviors of Youths in China: A Cluster-Randomized Controlled Trial. J Adolesc Health. 2023;72(4):607-15.
  • Efendi F, Pratama ER, Hadisuyatmana S, Indarwati R, Lindayani L, Bushy A. HIV-related knowledge level among Indonesian women between 15 years and 49 years of age. Afr Health Sci. 2020;20(1):83-90.
  • Andersson-Ellström A, Milsom I. Knowledge about the prevention of sexually transmitted diseases: a longitudinal study of young women from 16-23 years of age. Sex Transm Infect. 2002;78(5):339-41.
  • Grossman JM, Richer A, Charmaraman L, Ceder I, Erkut S. Youth Perspectives on Sexuality Communication With Parents and Extended Family. Fam Relat. 2018;67(3):368-80.
  • Santa Maria D, Markham C, Bluethmann S, Mullen PD. Parent-based adolescent sexual health interventions and effect on communication outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analyses. Perspect Sex Reprod Health. 2015;47(1):37-50.

Protection of adolescent girls from sexually transmitted diseases: Results of awareness training

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 30 Sayı: 2, 268 - 277, 29.05.2025
https://doi.org/10.21673/anadoluklin.1466255

Öz

Aim: Sexually transmitted diseases pose a substantial public health concern and economic challenge in developing countries, exhibiting a disproportionate impact on women. The objective of this study was to assess the knowledge level of high school girls regarding sexually transmitted diseases and to examine the impact of educational interventions on the enhancement of their understanding.

Methods: The study’s sample population comprised 131 students enrolled in the 10th and 11th grades of a girls’ high school. Data were collected through the administration of a ‘Personal Information Form’ and a ‘Information Form on Sexually Transmitted Diseases’. These data were collected prior to and following a training program on sexually transmitted diseases scheduled for May 2023.

Results: The mean age of the students participating in the study was 16.24±0.75. The mean total score of the Information Form on Sexually Transmitted Diseases’ was 19.17±3.05 before the training and 22.9±2.74 after the training. It was determined that there was a statistically significant positive difference in the correct answers of some questions asked to measure the level of knowledge about sexually transmitted diseases after the training. These questions measured the level of knowledge about ‘protection by vaccination’, ‘the risk of transmission of two sexual diseases together’, ‘affecting infants and can also be seen in children’, ‘transmission by skin contact’, ‘risk of multiple partners’, ‘causing infertility’, ‘easy transmission from the toilet bowl’, ‘adequacy of condom use for protection’, ‘risk of oral contact’, ‘risk of shared injector’ and ‘risk of transmission outside the sexual route’.

Conclusion: The findings of this study show that the inadequate knowledge of adolescent girls about sexually transmitted diseases increases with the education provided. To increase young people’s level of knowledge about sexually transmitted diseases and to ensure their access to reliable sources of information, it is recommended that sexual health training, which will be designed taking into account the results of this and similar studies, should be included in high school and university curricula.

Kaynakça

  • Rummel M, Clanner-Engelshofen BM, Nellessen T, et al. Evaluation of the knowledge of students concerning sexually transmitted infections in Bavaria/Germany (a cross-sectional study). J Dtsch Dermatol Ges. 2022;20(2):169-76.
  • World Health Organization (WHO) Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) Date of access: 29.07.2023. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/sexually-transmission-infections-(stis)
  • Cegolon L, Bortolotto M, Bellizzi S, et al. A Survey on Knowledge, Prevention, and Occurrence of Sexually Transmitted Infections among Freshmen from Four Italian Universities. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022;19(2):897.
  • Amin A. Addressing gender inequalities to improve the sexual and reproductive health and wellbeing of women living with HIV. J Int AIDS Soc. 2015;18(Suppl 5):20302.
  • Shewarega ES, Fentie EA, Asmamaw DB, et al. Sexually transmitted infections related care-seeking behavior and associated factors among reproductive age women in East Africa: a multilevel analysis of demographic and health surveys. BMC Public Health. 2022;22(1):1714.
  • Guure C, Dery S, Afagbedzi S, Maya E, da-Costa Vroom FB, Torpey K. Correlates of prevalent HIV infection among adolescents, young adults, and older adult female sex workers in Ghana: Analysis of data from the Ghana biobehavioral survey. PLoS One. 2023;18(11):e0292686.
  • Kırmızıtoprak E, Şimşek Z. The Effect of Peer-Education on Sexually Transmitted Diseases and Safer Sexual Life Knowledge and Behaviour of Young People. TAF Prev Med Bull. 2011;10(4):463-72.
  • Demir H, Tasar MA, Ulu K, et al. Levels of Knowledge of Adolescents about Sexually Transmitted Diseases in a Region with Low Socioeconomic Level in Ankara. Turk J Pediatr 2015; 9:32-38.
  • Kilinc S. Content Analysis of Theses on Sexual Education in Turkey: KTO Karatay University; 2023.
  • Akuiyibo S, Anyanti J, Idogho O, et al. Impact of peer education on sexual health knowledge among adolescents and young persons in two North Western states of Nigeria. Reprod Health. 2021;18(1):204.
  • Khatirpasha S, Farahani-Nia M, Nikpour S, et al. Puberty health education and female students’ self-efficacy. JCCNC. 2019;5:231-8.
  • Arakawa S. Education for prevention of STIs to young people (2021 version) Standardized slides in youth education for the prevention of sexually transmitted infections-for high school students and for junior high school students. J Infect Chemother. 2021;27(10):1375-83.
  • Alhasawi A, Grover SB, Sadek A, Ashoor I, Alkhabbaz I, Almasri S. Assessing HIV/AIDS Knowledge, Awareness, and Attitudes among Senior High School Students in Kuwait. Med Princ Pract. 2019;28(5):470-6.
  • Citak G. Adolescents and Reproductive Health Problems. I National Women’s Health Congress Special Issue: Halic Uni J of Health Sci. 2021;93-100.
  • Beji NK, Gizem K, Savaser S. Priority problems of women’s health in our country. Ordu University J Nurs Stud. 2021;4:105-12.
  • Ozkan H, Ust Tasgın ZD, Ejder Apay S. Comparision of the sexual health knowledge level of the students who are educated and uneducated about sexuality. J Midwifery and Health Sci. 2020;3:11-21.
  • Al-Gburi G, Al-Shakarchi A, Al-Dabagh JD, Lami F. Assessing knowledge, attitudes, and practices toward sexually transmitted infections among Baghdad undergraduate students for research-guided sexual health education. Front Public Health. 2023;11:1017300.
  • Malli IA, Kabli BA, Alhakami LA. Sexually Transmitted Diseases among Saudi Women: Knowledge and Misconceptions. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2023;20(6):4858.
  • UNAIDS Global AIDS Update 2022. Erişim Tarihi: 10.06.2024 Available at: https://www.unaids.org/sites/default/files/media_asset/2022-global-aids-update_en.pdf.
  • Çapık C. Statistical Power analysis and its use in nursing research: basic information. Anatolian J Nurs Health Sci. 2014;17(4):268–74.
  • Van Gerwen OT, Muzny CA, Marrazzo JM. Sexually transmitted infections and female reproductive health. Nat Microbiol. 2022;7(8):1116-26.
  • Ozkan OH, Tosun S, Sayın S. What HIV/AIDS Disease Education Changed in Health Vocational High School ID Trainee Students. ANKEM Derg. 2021;35(2):33-7.
  • Mbugua SM, Karonjo JM. Reproductive health knowledge among college students in Kenya. BMC Public Health. 2018;18(1):907.
  • Inthavong K, Ha LTH, Anh LTK, Sychareun V. Knowledge of safe sex and sexually transmitted infections among high school students, Vientiane Prefecture, Lao PDR. Glob Health Action. 2020;13(sup2):1785159.
  • Anwar M, Sulaiman SA, Ahmadi K, Khan TM. Awareness of school students on sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and their sexual behavior: a cross-sectional study conducted in Pulau Pinang, Malaysia. BMC Public Health. 2010;10:47.
  • Bourke A, Boduszek D, Kelleher C, McBride O, Morgan K. Sex education, first sex and sexual health outcomes in adulthood: findings from a nationally representative sexual health survey. Sex Edu. 2014;14(3):299-309.
  • Sieving RE, Gewirtz O’Brien JR, Saftner MA, Argo TA. Sexually Transmitted Diseases Among US Adolescents and Young Adults: Patterns, Clinical Considerations, and Prevention. Nurs Clin North Am. 2019;54(2):207-25.
  • Bukulmez N, Kavlak T, Kılavuz M. Investigation of High School Students Knowledge Levels on Sexually Transmitted Diseases. FBU-JOHS. 2023;3(2):175-87.
  • Visalli G, Cosenza B, Mazzù F, et al. Knowledge of sexually transmitted infections and risky behaviours: a survey among high school and university students. J Prev Med Hyg. 2019;60(2):E84-E92.
  • Mbugua SM, Karonjo JM. Reproductive health knowledge among college students in Kenya. BMC Public Health. 2018;18(1):907.
  • Rohrbach LA, Berglas NF, Jerman P, Angulo-Olaiz F, Chou CP, Constantine NA. A Rights-Based Sexuality Education Curriculum for Adolescents: 1-Year Outcomes From a Cluster-Randomized Trial. J Adolesc Health. 2015;57(4):399-406.
  • Kendall AD, Young CB, Bray BC, Emerson EM, Freels S, Donenberg GR. Changes in externalizing and internalizing symptoms among African American female adolescents over 1 year following a mother-daughter sexual health intervention. J Consult Clin Psychol. 2020;88(6):495-503.
  • Goldfarb ES, Lieberman LD. Three Decades of Research: The Case for Comprehensive Sex Education. J Adolesc Health. 2021;68(1):13-27.
  • Börekçi G, Uysal DA, Özel A et al. Using Peer-based Education to Increase the Knowledge Level of Vocational High Students About Sexually Transmitted Diseases. Istanbul Med J. 2020;21(4):266-74.
  • Gonul K, Aciksoz S, Arslan H. Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Two Training Methods to Increase the Knowledge Levels of Nursing Students on Sexually Transmitted Diseases. TJFMPC. 2021;15(1):33-41.
  • Paul-Ebhohimhen VA, Poobalan A, van Teijlingen ER. A systematic review of school-based sexual health interventions to prevent STI/HIV in sub-Saharan Africa. BMC Public Health. 2008;8:4.
  • Hu Z, Fu Y, Wang X, et al. Effects of Sexuality Education on Sexual Knowledge, Sexual Attitudes, and Sexual Behaviors of Youths in China: A Cluster-Randomized Controlled Trial. J Adolesc Health. 2023;72(4):607-15.
  • Efendi F, Pratama ER, Hadisuyatmana S, Indarwati R, Lindayani L, Bushy A. HIV-related knowledge level among Indonesian women between 15 years and 49 years of age. Afr Health Sci. 2020;20(1):83-90.
  • Andersson-Ellström A, Milsom I. Knowledge about the prevention of sexually transmitted diseases: a longitudinal study of young women from 16-23 years of age. Sex Transm Infect. 2002;78(5):339-41.
  • Grossman JM, Richer A, Charmaraman L, Ceder I, Erkut S. Youth Perspectives on Sexuality Communication With Parents and Extended Family. Fam Relat. 2018;67(3):368-80.
  • Santa Maria D, Markham C, Bluethmann S, Mullen PD. Parent-based adolescent sexual health interventions and effect on communication outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analyses. Perspect Sex Reprod Health. 2015;47(1):37-50.
Toplam 41 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Bulaşıcı Hastalıklar, Halk Sağlığı Hemşireliği, Hemşirelik (Diğer)
Bölüm ORJİNAL MAKALE
Yazarlar

Şemsi Nur Karabela 0000-0003-2562-3004

Beliz Yekeler Kahraman 0000-0003-3063-1658

Nesibe Şimşekoğlu 0000-0002-6461-7961

Yayımlanma Tarihi 29 Mayıs 2025
Gönderilme Tarihi 7 Nisan 2024
Kabul Tarihi 27 Şubat 2025
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2025 Cilt: 30 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

Vancouver Karabela ŞN, Yekeler Kahraman B, Şimşekoğlu N. Protection of adolescent girls from sexually transmitted diseases: Results of awareness training. Anadolu Klin. 2025;30(2):268-77.

13151 This Journal licensed under a CC BY-NC (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0) International License.