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Karşılaştırmalı Bir Fitokimyasal Çalışma

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 11 Sayı: 1, 6 - 12, 30.06.2025

Yeliz Çakır Sahilli , Mevlüt Alataş

Öz

Briyofitler, çeşitli terapötik ve nutrasötik uygulamalara sahip geniş bir ikincil metabolit yelpazesi sentezleyen bitkilerdir. Bu çalışmada, Brachythecium rutabulum (Hedw.) Schimp. (Bryophyta) ve Barbilophozia barbata (Schmidel ex Schreb.) Loeske (Marchantiophyta) türlerinin biyoaktif bileşikleri ve antioksidan potansiyelleri incelenmiştir. Analizler sonucunda, B. rutabulum'un toplam fenolik (TPC), toplam flavonoid (TFC), askorbik asit, ferrik indirgeme antioksidan gücü (FRAP) ve deoksiriboz bozunma aktivitesi (DDA) açısından daha yüksek değerlere sahip olduğu, B. barbata'nın ise karotenoid içeriği ve nitrik oksit süpürme aktivitesi (NOSA) bakımından daha yüksek antioksidan potansiyel gösterdiği belirlenmiştir. Bulgular, bu briyofit türlerinin güçlü antioksidan ajanlar olabileceğini göstermektedir. Özellikle ilaç, kozmetik ve gıda endüstrilerinde bu türlerin biyoaktif bileşiklerinin potansiyel kullanımı daha ayrıntılı araştırmalarla desteklenmelidir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Briyofit Fitokimya Antioksidan Aktivite İkincil Metabolitler Fenolik Bileşikler

Etik Beyan

Bu araştırma, insan veya hayvan deneklerini içermemektedir ve bu nedenle etik onay gerektirmemektedir.

Destekleyen Kurum

Yazarlar, bu yazının hazırlanması sırasında herhangi bir fon, hibe veya başka bir destek alınmadığını beyan ederler.

Kaynakça

  • Abay G. 2006. Bryofitlerin Kullanım Alanları, Ekolojik ve Ekonomik Önemi. I. Uluslararası Odun Dışı Orman Ürünleri Sempozyumu. Trabzon OGM.
  • AOAC. 1990. Official methods of analysis of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists. Vol. 15., Association of Official Analytical Chemists. Washington DC.
  • Asakawa Y. Tori M. Masuya T. Frahm J.P. 1990. Ent-sesquiterpenoids and cyclic bis(bibenzyls) from the german liverwort Marchantia polymorpha. Phytochemistry. 29:5, 1577-1584.
  • Asakawa Y. 2007. Biologically active compounds from bryophytes. Pure and Applied Chemistry. 79:4, 557-580.
  • Asakawa Y. Ludwiczuk A. 2013. Bryophytes: liverworts, mosses, and hornworts: extraction and isolation procedures. Metabolomics tools for natural product discovery: Methods and protocols. Humana Press, New York.
  • Aslanbaba B. Yılmaz S. Yayıntaş Ö.T. Özyurt D. Öztürk B.D. 2017. Total phenol content and antioxidant activity of mosses from Yenice forest (Ida Mountain). Journal of Scientific Perspectives. 1:1, 1-2.
  • Bodade R.G. Borkar P.S. Arfeen S. Khobragade C.N. 2008. In vitro screening of bryophytes for antimicrobial activity. Journal of Medicinal Plants. 7: 23-28.
  • Badami S. Moorkoth S. Rai S.R. Kannan E. Bhojraj S. 2003. Antioxidant activity of Caesalpinia sappan heartwood. Biol Pharm Bull. 26:11, 1534-1537.
  • Cheng X. Xiao Y. Wang X. Wang P. Li H. Yan H. Liu Q. 2012. Anti-tumor and pro-apoptotic activity of ethanolic extract and its various fractions from Polytrichum commune L. ex Hedw in L1210 cells. Journal of ethnopharmacology. 143:1, 49-56.
  • Chobot V. Kubicová L. Nabbout S. Jahodář L. Hadacek F. 2008. Evaluation of antioxidant activity of some common mosses. Z Naturforsch C J Biosci. 63:7-8, 476-82.
  • Chobot V. Kubicová L. Nabbout S. Jahodár L. Vytlacilová J. 2006. Antioxidant and free radical scavenging activities of five moss species. Fitoterapia. 77:7-8, 598-600.
  • de Carvalho L.M.J. Gomes P.B. de Oliveira Godoy R.L. Pacheco S. do Monte P.H.F. de Carvalho J.L.V. Nutti M.R. Neves A.C.L. Vieira A.C.R.A. Ramos S.R.R. 2012. Total carotenoid content, α-carotene and β-carotene, of landrace pumpkins (Cucurbita moschata Duch): a preliminary study. Food Res Int. 47:2, 337-340.
  • de Carvalho R.C. Branquinho C. Da Silva J.M. 2019. Desiccation rate affects chlorophyll and carotenoid content and the recovery of the aquatic moss Fontinalis antipyretica (Fontinalaceae). Hattoria. 10, 53-60.
  • Edge R. McGarvey D.J. Truscott TG. 1997. The carotenoids as anti-oxidants-a review. J Photochem Photobiol B. 41:3, 189-200.
  • Frahm J.P. 2004. Recent Developments of Commercial Products from Bryophytes. The Bryologist, 107:3, 277-283.
  • Fudali E. Wolski G.J. 2015. Ecological diversity of bryophytes on tree trunks in protected forests (a case study from Central Poland). Herzogia. 28:1, 87-103.
  • Glime J.M. 2007. Bryophyte Ecology. Volume 1. Physiological Ecology. Michigan Technological University and the International Association of Bryologists, Houghton.
  • Granger M. Eck P. 2018. Dietary vitamin C in human health. Adv Food Nutr Res. 83: 281-310.
  • Halliwell B. 1997. Antioxidants and human disease: a general introduction. Nutr Rev. 55: 44-49.
  • Halliwell B. Gutteridge J.M.C. Aruoma OI. 1987. Thedeoxyribose methods: a simple “test-tube” assay for determination of rate constants for reactions of hydroxyl radicals. Anal Biochem. 165:1, 215-215.
  • Hanif U. Ali H.A. Shahwar D. Farid S. Ishtiaq S. 2014. Evaluation of two bryophytes (Funaria hygrometrica and Polytrichum commune) as a source of natural antioxidant. Asian J Chem. 26:14, 4339-4343.
  • Henderson D.M. 1961. Contribution to the Bryophyte Flora of Turkey: IV. Notes from Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh. 23: 263-278.
  • Ichikawa T. Namikawa M. Yamada K. Sakai K. Kondo K. 1983. Novel cyclopentenonyl fatty acids from mosses, Dicranum scoporium and Dicranum japonicum. Tetrahedron Letter. 24: 3337-3340.
  • Kadam P.S. Akurdi P. 2016. Antimicrobial activity and polyphenol content of some bryophytes from Lonavala. Asian Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies. 4:3, 103-5.
  • Kandpal V.I. Chaturvedi P.R. Negi K.A. Gupta S.H. Sharma A.N. 2016. Evaluation of antibiotic and biochemical potential of bryophytes from kumaun hills and tarai belt of himalayas. Int J Pharm Pharm. 8:6, 65-9.
  • Karim F.A. Suleiman M. Rahmat A.S. Bakar M.A. 2014. Phytochemicals, antioxidant and antiproliferative properties of five moss species from Sabah, Malaysia. Int J Pharm Pharm Sci. 6:2, 92-297.
  • Klama H. Żarnowiec J. Jędrzejko K. 1999. Mszaki naziemne w strukturze zbiorowisk roślinnych rezerwatów przyrody Makroregionu Południowego Polski (Terricolous bryophytes in a structure of vascular plant communities of nature reserves in the Southern Macroregion of Poland). Politechnika Łódzka Filia w Bielsku-Białej, Bielsko-Biała.
  • Klama H. 2002. Distribution patterns of liverworts (Marchantiopsida) in natural forest communities (Biaĺowieża primeval forest, NE Poland). University of Bielsko-Biaĺa.
  • Klavina L. Springe G. Nikolajeva V. Martsinkevich I. Nakurte I. Dzabijeva D. Steinberga I. 2015. Chemical composition analysis, antimicrobial activity, and cytotoxicity screening of moss extracts (moss phytochemistry). Molecules. 20: 17221- 17243.
  • Krzaczkowski L. Wright M. Rebérioux D. Massiot G. Etiévant C. Gairin J.E. 2009. Pharmacological screening of bryophyte extracts that inhibit growth and induce abnormal phenotypes in human HeLa cancer cells. Fundamental & clinical pharmacology. 23:4, 473-482.
  • Lipinski B. 2011. Hydroxyl radical and its scavengers in health and disease. Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2011, 809696.
  • Manoj G.S. Murugan K. 2012. Phenolic profiles, antimicrobial and antioxidant potentiality of methanolic extract of a liverwort, Plagiochila beddomei Steph. Ind J Nat Prod Resour. 3:2, 173-183.
  • Mitra A.K. 2020. Antioxidants: a masterpiece of mother nature to prevent illness. J Chem Rev. 2:4, 243-256.
  • Noda Y. Anzai K. Mori A. Kohno M. Shinmei M. Packer L. 1997. Hydroxyl and superoxide anion radical scavenging activities of natural source antioxidants using the computerized JES‐FR30 ESR spectrometer system. TBMB. 42:1, 35-44.
  • Onbasli D. Yuvali G. 2021. In vitro medicinal potentials of Bryum capillare, a moss sample, from Turkey. Saudi J Biol Sci. 28:1, 478-483.
  • Pejin B. Bogdanovic-Pristov J. Pejin I. Sabovljevic M. 2013. Potential antioxidant activity of the moss Bryum moravicum. Nat Prod Res. 27:10, 900-902.
  • Percival M. 1998. Antioxidants. Clin Nutr Insights. 1098, 54-58.
  • Quiles J.L. Rivas-García L. Varela-López A. Llopis J. Battino M. Sánchez-González C. 2020. Do nutrients and other bioactive molecules from foods have anything to say in the treatment against COVID-19? Environ Res. 191: 110053.
  • Rao A.V. Rao L.G. 2007. Carotenoids and human health. Pharmacol Res. 55:3, 207-216.
  • Ricciardolo F.L. Sterk P.J. Gaston B. Folkerts G. 2004. Nitric oxide in health and disease of the respiratory system. Physiol Rev. 84:3, 731-765.
  • Ross J.A. Kasum C.M. 2002. Dietary flavonoids: bioavailability, metabolic effects, and safety. Annu Rev Nutr. 22, 19-34.
  • Sahilli Y.Ç. Alataş M. 2024. Mnium hornum Hedw. ve Mnium lycopodioides Schwägr. Türlerinin Biyoaktif Bileşikleri ve Antioksidan Kapasiteleri. Anatolian Bryology. 10:2, 152-157.
  • Saxena K. Harinder S. 2004. Uses of Bryophytes. Resonance. 9:6, 56-65.
  • Singh M. Govindarajan R. Nath V. Rawat A.K. Mehrotra S. 2006. Antimicrobial, wound healing and antioxidant activity of Plagiochasma appendiculatum Lehm. et Lind. Journal of Ethnopharmacology. 107:1, 67-72.
  • Shaw A.J. Szövényi P. Shaw B. 2011. Bryophyte diversity and evolution: windows into the early evolution of land plants. American journal of botany. 98:3, 352-69.
  • Smith A.J.E. 1996. The Liverworts of Britain and Ireland. Cambridge Univ. Press. Cambridge.
  • Smith A.J.E. 2004. The Moss Flora of Britain and Ireland. Cambridge Univ. Press. Cambridge.
  • Soobrattee M.A. Neergheen V.S. Luximon-Ramma A. Aruoma O.I. Bahorun T. 2005. Phenolics as potential antioxidant therapeutic agents: mechanism and actions. Mutat Res. 579:1-2, 200-213.
  • Vanderpoorten A. Engels P. Sotiaux A. 2004. Trends in diversity and abundance of obligate epiphytic bryophytes in a highly managed landscape. Ecography. 27:5, 567-76.
  • Vats S. 2016. Effect of initial temperature treatment on phytochemicals and antioxidant activity of Azadirachta indica A. Juss. Appl Biochem Biotechnol. 178:3, 504-512.
  • Vats S. Gupta T. 2017. Evaluation of bioactive compounds and antioxidant potential of hydroethanolic extract of Moringa oleifera Lam. from Rajasthan, India. Physiol Mol Biol Plants. 23:1, 239-248.
  • Wang X. Cao J. Dai X. Xiao J. Wu Y. Wang Q. 2017. Total flavonoid concentrations of bryophytes from Tianmu Mountain, Zhejiang Province (China): phylogeny and ecological factors. PloS One. 12:3, e0173003.
  • Wolski G.J. Kruk A. 2020. Determination of plant communities based on bryophytes: The combined use of Kohonen artificial neural network and indicator species analysis. Ecological Indicators. 113:106160.
  • Yen G.C. Duh P.D. Tsai H.L. 2002. Antioxidant and pro-oxidant properties of ascorbic acid and gallic acid. Food Chem. 79:3, 307-313.
  • Young A. Lowe G.L. 2018. Carotenoids-antioxidant properties. Antioxidants (Basel). 7:2, 28-31.
  • Zinsmeister H.D. Becker H. Eicher T. 1991. Bryophytes, a source of biologically active, naturally occurring material?. Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English. 30:2, 130-47.

A Comparative Phytochemical Study

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 11 Sayı: 1, 6 - 12, 30.06.2025

Yeliz Çakır Sahilli , Mevlüt Alataş

Öz

Bryophytes are plants that synthesize a wide range of secondary metabolites that have various therapeutic and nutraceutical applications. In this study, bioactive compounds and antioxidant potentials of Brachythecium rutabulum (Hedw.) Schimp. (Bryophyta) and Barbilophozia barbata (Schmidel ex Schreb.) Loeske (Marchantiophyta) species were investigated. As a result of the analyses, it was determined that B. rutabulum had higher values in terms of total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), ascorbic acid, ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), and deoxyribose degradation activity (DDA), while B. barbata showed higher antioxidant potential in terms of carotenoid content and nitric oxide scavenging activity (NOSA). The findings indicate that these bryophyte species may be strong antioxidant agents. The potential use of bioactive compounds of these species, especially in the pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and food industries, should be supported by further detailed research.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Bryophyte Phytochemistry Antioxidant Activity Secondary Metabolites Phenolic Compounds

Etik Beyan

This research does not involve human or animal subjects and therefore does not require ethical approval.

Destekleyen Kurum

The authors declare that no funding, grants or other support was received during the preparation of this article.

Kaynakça

  • Abay G. 2006. Bryofitlerin Kullanım Alanları, Ekolojik ve Ekonomik Önemi. I. Uluslararası Odun Dışı Orman Ürünleri Sempozyumu. Trabzon OGM.
  • AOAC. 1990. Official methods of analysis of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists. Vol. 15., Association of Official Analytical Chemists. Washington DC.
  • Asakawa Y. Tori M. Masuya T. Frahm J.P. 1990. Ent-sesquiterpenoids and cyclic bis(bibenzyls) from the german liverwort Marchantia polymorpha. Phytochemistry. 29:5, 1577-1584.
  • Asakawa Y. 2007. Biologically active compounds from bryophytes. Pure and Applied Chemistry. 79:4, 557-580.
  • Asakawa Y. Ludwiczuk A. 2013. Bryophytes: liverworts, mosses, and hornworts: extraction and isolation procedures. Metabolomics tools for natural product discovery: Methods and protocols. Humana Press, New York.
  • Aslanbaba B. Yılmaz S. Yayıntaş Ö.T. Özyurt D. Öztürk B.D. 2017. Total phenol content and antioxidant activity of mosses from Yenice forest (Ida Mountain). Journal of Scientific Perspectives. 1:1, 1-2.
  • Bodade R.G. Borkar P.S. Arfeen S. Khobragade C.N. 2008. In vitro screening of bryophytes for antimicrobial activity. Journal of Medicinal Plants. 7: 23-28.
  • Badami S. Moorkoth S. Rai S.R. Kannan E. Bhojraj S. 2003. Antioxidant activity of Caesalpinia sappan heartwood. Biol Pharm Bull. 26:11, 1534-1537.
  • Cheng X. Xiao Y. Wang X. Wang P. Li H. Yan H. Liu Q. 2012. Anti-tumor and pro-apoptotic activity of ethanolic extract and its various fractions from Polytrichum commune L. ex Hedw in L1210 cells. Journal of ethnopharmacology. 143:1, 49-56.
  • Chobot V. Kubicová L. Nabbout S. Jahodář L. Hadacek F. 2008. Evaluation of antioxidant activity of some common mosses. Z Naturforsch C J Biosci. 63:7-8, 476-82.
  • Chobot V. Kubicová L. Nabbout S. Jahodár L. Vytlacilová J. 2006. Antioxidant and free radical scavenging activities of five moss species. Fitoterapia. 77:7-8, 598-600.
  • de Carvalho L.M.J. Gomes P.B. de Oliveira Godoy R.L. Pacheco S. do Monte P.H.F. de Carvalho J.L.V. Nutti M.R. Neves A.C.L. Vieira A.C.R.A. Ramos S.R.R. 2012. Total carotenoid content, α-carotene and β-carotene, of landrace pumpkins (Cucurbita moschata Duch): a preliminary study. Food Res Int. 47:2, 337-340.
  • de Carvalho R.C. Branquinho C. Da Silva J.M. 2019. Desiccation rate affects chlorophyll and carotenoid content and the recovery of the aquatic moss Fontinalis antipyretica (Fontinalaceae). Hattoria. 10, 53-60.
  • Edge R. McGarvey D.J. Truscott TG. 1997. The carotenoids as anti-oxidants-a review. J Photochem Photobiol B. 41:3, 189-200.
  • Frahm J.P. 2004. Recent Developments of Commercial Products from Bryophytes. The Bryologist, 107:3, 277-283.
  • Fudali E. Wolski G.J. 2015. Ecological diversity of bryophytes on tree trunks in protected forests (a case study from Central Poland). Herzogia. 28:1, 87-103.
  • Glime J.M. 2007. Bryophyte Ecology. Volume 1. Physiological Ecology. Michigan Technological University and the International Association of Bryologists, Houghton.
  • Granger M. Eck P. 2018. Dietary vitamin C in human health. Adv Food Nutr Res. 83: 281-310.
  • Halliwell B. 1997. Antioxidants and human disease: a general introduction. Nutr Rev. 55: 44-49.
  • Halliwell B. Gutteridge J.M.C. Aruoma OI. 1987. Thedeoxyribose methods: a simple “test-tube” assay for determination of rate constants for reactions of hydroxyl radicals. Anal Biochem. 165:1, 215-215.
  • Hanif U. Ali H.A. Shahwar D. Farid S. Ishtiaq S. 2014. Evaluation of two bryophytes (Funaria hygrometrica and Polytrichum commune) as a source of natural antioxidant. Asian J Chem. 26:14, 4339-4343.
  • Henderson D.M. 1961. Contribution to the Bryophyte Flora of Turkey: IV. Notes from Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh. 23: 263-278.
  • Ichikawa T. Namikawa M. Yamada K. Sakai K. Kondo K. 1983. Novel cyclopentenonyl fatty acids from mosses, Dicranum scoporium and Dicranum japonicum. Tetrahedron Letter. 24: 3337-3340.
  • Kadam P.S. Akurdi P. 2016. Antimicrobial activity and polyphenol content of some bryophytes from Lonavala. Asian Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies. 4:3, 103-5.
  • Kandpal V.I. Chaturvedi P.R. Negi K.A. Gupta S.H. Sharma A.N. 2016. Evaluation of antibiotic and biochemical potential of bryophytes from kumaun hills and tarai belt of himalayas. Int J Pharm Pharm. 8:6, 65-9.
  • Karim F.A. Suleiman M. Rahmat A.S. Bakar M.A. 2014. Phytochemicals, antioxidant and antiproliferative properties of five moss species from Sabah, Malaysia. Int J Pharm Pharm Sci. 6:2, 92-297.
  • Klama H. Żarnowiec J. Jędrzejko K. 1999. Mszaki naziemne w strukturze zbiorowisk roślinnych rezerwatów przyrody Makroregionu Południowego Polski (Terricolous bryophytes in a structure of vascular plant communities of nature reserves in the Southern Macroregion of Poland). Politechnika Łódzka Filia w Bielsku-Białej, Bielsko-Biała.
  • Klama H. 2002. Distribution patterns of liverworts (Marchantiopsida) in natural forest communities (Biaĺowieża primeval forest, NE Poland). University of Bielsko-Biaĺa.
  • Klavina L. Springe G. Nikolajeva V. Martsinkevich I. Nakurte I. Dzabijeva D. Steinberga I. 2015. Chemical composition analysis, antimicrobial activity, and cytotoxicity screening of moss extracts (moss phytochemistry). Molecules. 20: 17221- 17243.
  • Krzaczkowski L. Wright M. Rebérioux D. Massiot G. Etiévant C. Gairin J.E. 2009. Pharmacological screening of bryophyte extracts that inhibit growth and induce abnormal phenotypes in human HeLa cancer cells. Fundamental & clinical pharmacology. 23:4, 473-482.
  • Lipinski B. 2011. Hydroxyl radical and its scavengers in health and disease. Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2011, 809696.
  • Manoj G.S. Murugan K. 2012. Phenolic profiles, antimicrobial and antioxidant potentiality of methanolic extract of a liverwort, Plagiochila beddomei Steph. Ind J Nat Prod Resour. 3:2, 173-183.
  • Mitra A.K. 2020. Antioxidants: a masterpiece of mother nature to prevent illness. J Chem Rev. 2:4, 243-256.
  • Noda Y. Anzai K. Mori A. Kohno M. Shinmei M. Packer L. 1997. Hydroxyl and superoxide anion radical scavenging activities of natural source antioxidants using the computerized JES‐FR30 ESR spectrometer system. TBMB. 42:1, 35-44.
  • Onbasli D. Yuvali G. 2021. In vitro medicinal potentials of Bryum capillare, a moss sample, from Turkey. Saudi J Biol Sci. 28:1, 478-483.
  • Pejin B. Bogdanovic-Pristov J. Pejin I. Sabovljevic M. 2013. Potential antioxidant activity of the moss Bryum moravicum. Nat Prod Res. 27:10, 900-902.
  • Percival M. 1998. Antioxidants. Clin Nutr Insights. 1098, 54-58.
  • Quiles J.L. Rivas-García L. Varela-López A. Llopis J. Battino M. Sánchez-González C. 2020. Do nutrients and other bioactive molecules from foods have anything to say in the treatment against COVID-19? Environ Res. 191: 110053.
  • Rao A.V. Rao L.G. 2007. Carotenoids and human health. Pharmacol Res. 55:3, 207-216.
  • Ricciardolo F.L. Sterk P.J. Gaston B. Folkerts G. 2004. Nitric oxide in health and disease of the respiratory system. Physiol Rev. 84:3, 731-765.
  • Ross J.A. Kasum C.M. 2002. Dietary flavonoids: bioavailability, metabolic effects, and safety. Annu Rev Nutr. 22, 19-34.
  • Sahilli Y.Ç. Alataş M. 2024. Mnium hornum Hedw. ve Mnium lycopodioides Schwägr. Türlerinin Biyoaktif Bileşikleri ve Antioksidan Kapasiteleri. Anatolian Bryology. 10:2, 152-157.
  • Saxena K. Harinder S. 2004. Uses of Bryophytes. Resonance. 9:6, 56-65.
  • Singh M. Govindarajan R. Nath V. Rawat A.K. Mehrotra S. 2006. Antimicrobial, wound healing and antioxidant activity of Plagiochasma appendiculatum Lehm. et Lind. Journal of Ethnopharmacology. 107:1, 67-72.
  • Shaw A.J. Szövényi P. Shaw B. 2011. Bryophyte diversity and evolution: windows into the early evolution of land plants. American journal of botany. 98:3, 352-69.
  • Smith A.J.E. 1996. The Liverworts of Britain and Ireland. Cambridge Univ. Press. Cambridge.
  • Smith A.J.E. 2004. The Moss Flora of Britain and Ireland. Cambridge Univ. Press. Cambridge.
  • Soobrattee M.A. Neergheen V.S. Luximon-Ramma A. Aruoma O.I. Bahorun T. 2005. Phenolics as potential antioxidant therapeutic agents: mechanism and actions. Mutat Res. 579:1-2, 200-213.
  • Vanderpoorten A. Engels P. Sotiaux A. 2004. Trends in diversity and abundance of obligate epiphytic bryophytes in a highly managed landscape. Ecography. 27:5, 567-76.
  • Vats S. 2016. Effect of initial temperature treatment on phytochemicals and antioxidant activity of Azadirachta indica A. Juss. Appl Biochem Biotechnol. 178:3, 504-512.
  • Vats S. Gupta T. 2017. Evaluation of bioactive compounds and antioxidant potential of hydroethanolic extract of Moringa oleifera Lam. from Rajasthan, India. Physiol Mol Biol Plants. 23:1, 239-248.
  • Wang X. Cao J. Dai X. Xiao J. Wu Y. Wang Q. 2017. Total flavonoid concentrations of bryophytes from Tianmu Mountain, Zhejiang Province (China): phylogeny and ecological factors. PloS One. 12:3, e0173003.
  • Wolski G.J. Kruk A. 2020. Determination of plant communities based on bryophytes: The combined use of Kohonen artificial neural network and indicator species analysis. Ecological Indicators. 113:106160.
  • Yen G.C. Duh P.D. Tsai H.L. 2002. Antioxidant and pro-oxidant properties of ascorbic acid and gallic acid. Food Chem. 79:3, 307-313.
  • Young A. Lowe G.L. 2018. Carotenoids-antioxidant properties. Antioxidants (Basel). 7:2, 28-31.
  • Zinsmeister H.D. Becker H. Eicher T. 1991. Bryophytes, a source of biologically active, naturally occurring material?. Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English. 30:2, 130-47.
Toplam 56 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Bitki Bilimi (Diğer)
Bölüm Araştırma Makaleleri
Yazarlar

Yeliz Çakır Sahilli 0000-0003-1905-5506

Mevlüt Alataş 0000-0003-0862-0258

Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Haziran 2025
Gönderilme Tarihi 4 Şubat 2025
Kabul Tarihi 14 Mayıs 2025
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2025 Cilt: 11 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Çakır Sahilli, Y., & Alataş, M. (2025). Karşılaştırmalı Bir Fitokimyasal Çalışma. Anatolian Bryology, 11(1), 6-12.
 Kapak Resmi İndir

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