Araştırma Makalesi
Electrochemotherapy enhances the efficacy of Asparagus officinalis, Arum elongatum and Urtica dioica extracts in breast cancer treatment
Öz
The aim of the current study was to determine the phenolic substances in the stem of Asparagus officinalis L, leaves of Arum elongatum Steven and Urtica dioica L. plants collected from different regions and their cytotoxicities on MCF-7 human breast cancer cell line and to reveal the effects of electroporation (EP) on the antiproliferative activities of these plants. Antiproliferative activities of plant extracts were determined in MCF-7 human breast cancer cells, and their biocompatibility was determined in L-929 fibroblast cells by MTT analysis method. In electrochemotherapy (extract+EP) applications of MCF-7 human breast cancer cells, eight square wave electrical pulse sequences with an intensity of 800 V/cm were used with various doses of plants extracts. It was found that all three plant extracts were rich in phenolic compounds and only A. elongatum showed a relative cytotoxic effect on L-929 fibroblast cells. However, MCF-7 cancer cells showed very good sensitivity to the cytotoxic activities of A. officinalis, A. elongatum and U. dioica extracts, with IC50 values of 443.57, 361.88, and 448.55µg/mL, respectively. It was observed that with EP application, the cytotoxic activity of all three plant extracts on cancer cells increased significantly compared to extract application and cell viability percentages decreased significantly. As a result, our findings suggest that A. officinalis, A. elongatum and U. dioica extracts have anticancer potential and may be promising for breast cancer when used with EP.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Herbal treatment Breast cancer Electroporation Phenolic substances
Kaynakça
- Ait-Mohamed O, Battisti V, Joliot V, Fritsch L, Pontis J, Medjkane S, Redeuilh C, Lamouri A, Fahy C, Rholam M, Atmani D, Ait-Si-Ali S (2011) Acetonic extract of Buxus sempervirens induces cell cycle arrest, apoptosis and autophagy in breast cancer cells. PloS One, 6(9): e24537.
- Alaca K, Okumuş E, Bakkalbaşı E, Javidipour I (2021) Phytochemicals and antioxidant activities of twelve edible wild plants from Eastern Anatolia, Turkey. Food Science and Technology, 42: e18021.
- Alam MK, Rana ZH, Islam SN, Akhtaruzzaman M (2020) Comparative assessment of nutritional composition, polyphenol profile, antidiabetic and antioxidative properties of selected edible wild plant species of Bangladesh. Food Chemistry, 320: 126646.
- Al-Daghistani HI, Abu-Niaaj LF, Bustanji Y, Al-Hamaideh KD, Al-Salamat H, Nassar MN, Jaber HM, Amer NH, Abu-Irmaileh B, Al-Nuaimi AHD (2021) Antibacterial and cytotoxicity evaluation of Arum hygrophilum Bioss. European Review for Medical and Pharmacological Sciences, 25(23): 7306–7316.
- Alkış ME, Buldurun K, Turan N, Alan Y, Keleştemur Yılmaz Ü, Mantarcı A (2022) Synthesis, characterization, antiproliferative of pyrimidine based ligand and its Ni(II) and Pd(II) complexes and effectiveness of electroporation. Journal of Biomolecular Structure & Dynamics, 40(9): 4073–4083.
- Alkış ME, Turan N, Alan Y, Irtegun Kandemir S, Buldurun K (2021a) Effects of electroporation on anticancer activity of 5-FU and newly synthesized zinc(II) complex in chemotherapy-resistance human brain tumor cells. Medical Oncology (Northwood, London, England), 38(11): Article 126.
- Alkış ME, Keleştemür Ü, Alan Y, Turan N, Buldurun K (2021b) Cobalt and ruthenium complexes with pyrimidine based schiff base: synthesis, characterization, anticancer activities and electrochemotherapy efficiency. Journal of Molecular Structure, 1226: 129402.
- Azab A (2017) Arum: a plant genus with great medicinal potential. European Chemical Bulletin, 6(2): 59–68.
- Azmir J, Zaidul ISM, Rahman MM, Sharif KM, Mohamed A, Sahena F, Jahurul MHA, Norulaini NAN, Omar AKM (2013) Techniques for extraction of bioactive compounds from plant materials: a review. Journal of Food Engineering, 117(4): 426-436.
- Bieżuńska-Kusiak K, Kulbacka J, Choromańska A, Rembiałkowska N, Michel O, Saczko J (2023) Evaluation of the anticancer activity of calcium ions introduced into human breast adenocarcinoma cells MCF-7/WT and MCF-7/DOX by electroporation. Pharmaceuticals, 16(6): 809.
- Bute B, Alkis ME (2022) Anticancer activity of methotrexate in electrochemotherapy and electrochemotherapy plus ionizing radiation treatments in human breast cancer cells. Medical Oncology (Northwood, London, England), 40(1): 28.
- Cheng W, Cheng Z, Xing D, Zhang M (2019) Asparagus polysaccharide suppresses the migration, invasion, and angiogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma cells partly by targeting the HIF-1α/VEGF signalling pathway in vitro. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine.
- Cosme P, Rodríguez AB, Espino J, Garrido M (2020) Plant phenolics: bioavailability as a key determinant of their potential health-promoting applications. Antioxidants, 9(12): 1263.
- Cüce M, Basançelebi O (2021) Comparison of volatile constituents, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of Thymus leucotrichus (Lamiaceae) stem and leaves essential oils from both natural resources and in vitro derived shoots. Journal of Essential Oil Bearing Plants, 24(5): 1097-1112.
- Cüce M, Bekircan T, Sökmen A (2018) Phenolic constituents of Vaccinium species from both natural resources and micropropagated plantlets. International Journal of Secondary Metabolite, 5(4): 304-311.
- Cüce M, Bekircan T, Laghari AH, Sökmen M, Sökmen A, Uçar EÖ, Kılıç AO (2017) Antioxidant phenolic constituents, antimicrobial and cytotoxic properties of Stachys annua L. from both natural resources and micropropagated plantlets. Indian Journal of Traditional Knowledge, 16(3): 407-416.
- Cüce M, Bekircan T, Laghari A, Sökmen M, Sökmen A, Uçar EÖ, Kılıç AO (2019) Phenolic profiles, antimicrobial and cytotoxic properties of both micropropagated and naturally growing plantlets of Calamintha sylvatica subsp. sylvatica Bromf, Notulae. Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca, 47(4).
- Davis PH (1970) Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands. Vol. 3, Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh.
- Demiralay M (2022) Exogenous acetone O-(4-chlorophenylsulfonyl) oxime alleviates Cd stress-induced photosynthetic damage and oxidative stress by regulating the antioxidant defense mechanism in Zea mays. Physiology and Molecular Biology of Plants, 28 (11): 2069-2083.
- Di Prata C, Mascherini M, Ross AM, Silvestri B, Kis E, Odili J, Grischke EM (2023) Efficacy of electrochemotherapy in breast cancer patients of different receptor status: the INSPECT experience. Cancers, 15(12).
- Fawzi Mahomoodally M, Zengin G, Roumita SS, Caprioli G, Mustafa AM, Piatti D, Yıldıztugay E, Ak G, Karadağ AE, Khalid A, Abdalla AN, Uba Aİ,
- Demirci F (2023) Chemical characterization and multidirectional biological effects of different solvent extracts of Arum elongatum: in vitro and in silico approaches. Chemistry & Biodiversity, 20(4): e202201181.
- Ghasemi S, Moradzadeh M, Mousavi SH, Sadeghnia HR (2016) Cytotoxic effects of Urtica dioica radix on human colon (HT29) and gastric (MKN45) cancer cells mediated through oxidative and apoptotic mechanisms. Cellular and Molecular Biology (Noisy-Le-Grand, France), 62(9): 90-96.
- Guo Q, Wang N, Liu H, Li Z, Lu L, Wang C (2020) The bioactive compounds and biological functions of Asparagus officinalis L.- a review. Journal of Functional Foods, 65: 103727.
- Hartmann RW, Mark M, Soldati F (1996) Inhibition of 5 α-reductase and aromatase by PHL-00801 (Prostatonin), a combination of PY102 (Pygeum africanum) and UR102 (Urtica dioica) extracts. Phytomedicine, 3(2): 121-128.
- Jaradat N, Abualhasan M (2016) Comparison of phytoconstituents, total phenol contents and free radical scavenging capacities between four Arum species from Jerusalem and Bethlehem. Pharmaceutical Sciences, 22(2): 120-125.
- Larkin JO, Collins CG, Aarons S, Tangney M, Whelan M, Reily S, Sullivan GC (2007) Electrochemotherapy: aspects of preclinical development and early clinical experience. Annals of Surgery, 245(3): 469–479.
- Lei L, Chen Y, Ou L, Xu Y, Yu X (2017) Aqueous root extract of Asparagus cochinchinensis (Lour.) Merr. has antioxidant activity in D-galactose-induced aging mice. BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 17: 1-7.
- Matthiessen LW, Keshtgar M, Curatolo P, Kunte C, Grischke EM, Odili J, Muir T, Mowatt D, Clover JP, Liew SH (2018) Electrochemotherapy for breast cancer—eesults from the INSPECT Database. Clinical Breast Cancer, 18: e909–e917.
- Mohammadi A, Mansoori B, Aghapour M, Baradaran B (2016a) Urtica dioica dichloromethane extract induces apoptosis from intrinsic pathway on human prostate cancer cells (PC3). Cellular and Molecular Biology, 62(3): 78-83.
- Mohammadi A, Mansoori B, Goldar S, Shanehbandi D, Mohammadnejad L, Baghbani E, Baradaran B (2016b) Effects of Urtica dioica dichloromethane extract on cell apoptosis and related gene expression in human breast cancer cell line (MDA-MB-468). Cellular and Molecular Biology, 62(2): 62-67.
- Mondal N, Yadav KS, Dalal DC (2023) Enhanced drug uptake on application of electroporation in a single-cell model. The Journal of Membrane Biology, 256(3): 243–255.
- Napoli E, Siracusa L, Ruberto G, Carrubba A, Lazzara S, Speciale A, Cimino F, Saija A, Cristani M (2018) Phytochemical profiles, phototoxic and antioxidant properties of eleven Hypericum species: a comparative study. Phytochemistry, 152: 162–173.
- Pallerla S, Abdul AURM, Comeau J, Jois S (2021) Cancer vaccines, treatment of the future: with emphasis on HER2-positive breast cancer. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 22(2): 779.
- Pandey KB, Rizvi SI (2009) Plant polyphenols as dietary antioxidants in human health and disease. Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity, 2: 270-278.
- Poompavai S, Gowri Sree V, RamSugitha B (2021) Enhanced extraction and improved anticancer activity of neem (Azadirachta indica) leaves by electroporation technique. IETE Journal of Research, 1-11.
- Savcı A, Buldurun K, Alkış ME (2022a) Synthesis, characterization, antioxidant and anticancer activities of a new Schiff base and its M(II) complexes derived from 5-fluorouracil. Medical Oncology, 39: 172.
- Savcı A, Turan N, Buldurun K, Alkış ME, Alan Y (2022b) Schiff base containing fluorouracil and its M(II) complexes: synthesis, characterization, cytotoxic and antioxidant activities. Inorganic Chemistry Communications, 143: 109780.
- Schmidt G, Juhasz-Böss I, Solomayer EF, Herr D (2014) Electrochemotherapy in breast cancer: a review of references. Geburtshilfe und Frauenheilkunde, 74(6): 557–562.
- Sommano S, Caffin N, Kerven G (2013) Screening for antioxidant activity, phenolic content, and flavonoids from Australian native food plants. International Journal of Food Properties, 16(6): 1394-1406.
- Sun Q, Zhu L, Li Y, Cui Y, Jiang S, Tao N, Chen H, Xu J, Zhao Z, Dong C (2020) A novel inulin-type fructan from Asparagus cochinchinensis and its beneficial impact on human intestinal microbiota. Carbohydrate Polymers, 247: 116761.
- Tapan S (2016) Quantitative HPLC analysis of phenolic acids, flavonoids and ascorbic acid in four different solvent extracts of two wild edible leaves, Sonchus arvensis and Oenanthe linearis, of north-eastern region in India. Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science, 6: 157-166.
- Tunçtürk M, Özgökçe F (2015) Chemical composition of some Apiaceae plants commonly used in herby cheese in Eastern Anatolia. Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry, 39(1): 55-62.
- Wichtowski M, Murawa D, Czarnecki R, Piechocki J, Nowecki Z, Witkiewicz W (2019) Electrochemotherapy in the treatment of breast cancer metastasis to the skin and subcutaneous tissue—multicenter experience. Oncology Research and Treatment, 42(1-2): 47–51.
- Zhang L, He F, Gao L, Cong M, Sun J, Xu J, Qiao H (2021) Engineering exosome-like nanovesicles derived from Asparagus cochinchinensis can inhibit the proliferation of hepatocellular carcinoma cells with better safety profile. International Journal of Nanomedicine, 16: 1575-1586.
Elektrokemoterapi meme kanseri tedavisinde Asparagus officinalis, Arum elongatum ve Urtica dioica özütlerinin etkinliğini arttırır
Öz
Bu çalışmanın amacı, farklı bölgelerden toplanan Asparagus officinalis L. bitkisinin gövdesinde, Arum elongatum Steven ve Urtica dioica L. bitkilerinin yapraklarında bulunan fenolik madde içeriklerini ve bunların MCF-7 insan meme kanseri hücre hattı üzerindeki sitotoksisitelerini belirlemek ve bu bitkilerin antiproliferatif aktiviteleri üzerine elektroporasyonun (EP) etkilerini ortaya koymaktır. Bitki ekstraktlarının antiproliferatif aktiviteleri MCF-7 insan meme kanseri hücrelerinde tespit edildi ve biyouyumlulukları MTT analiz yöntemi ile L-929 fibroblast hücrelerinde belirlendi. MCF-7 insan meme kanseri hücrelerinin elektrokemoterapi (ekstrakt+EP) uygulamalarında, bitki ekstraktlarının çeşitli dozları ile 800 V/cm şiddetinde sekiz kare dalga elektriksel darbe dizisi kullanıldı. Her üç bitki ekstraktının da fenolik bileşikler açısından zengin olduğu ve sadece A. elongatum'un L-929 fibroblast hücreleri üzerinde göreceli sitotoksik etki gösterdiği bulundu. Ancak MCF-7 kanser hücreleri, sırasıyla 443.57, 361.88 ve 448.55µg/mL IC50 değerleriyle A. officinalis, A. elongatum ve U. dioica özütlerinin sitotoksik aktivitelerine karşı çok iyi duyarlılık gösterdi. EP uygulamasıyla, üç bitki özütünün de kanser hücreleri üzerindeki sitotoksik aktivitesinin özüt uygulamasına kıyasla önemli ölçüde arttığı ve hücre canlılık yüzdelerinin önemli ölçüde azaldığı gözlendi. Sonuç olarak, bulgularımız A. officinalis, A. elongatum ve U. dioica özütlerinin antikanser potansiyeline sahip olduğunu ve EP ile kullanıldığında meme kanseri tedavisi için umut verici olabileceğini düşündürmektedir.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Bitkisel tedavi Meme kanseri Elektroporasyon Fenolik maddeler
Kaynakça
- Ait-Mohamed O, Battisti V, Joliot V, Fritsch L, Pontis J, Medjkane S, Redeuilh C, Lamouri A, Fahy C, Rholam M, Atmani D, Ait-Si-Ali S (2011) Acetonic extract of Buxus sempervirens induces cell cycle arrest, apoptosis and autophagy in breast cancer cells. PloS One, 6(9): e24537.
- Alaca K, Okumuş E, Bakkalbaşı E, Javidipour I (2021) Phytochemicals and antioxidant activities of twelve edible wild plants from Eastern Anatolia, Turkey. Food Science and Technology, 42: e18021.
- Alam MK, Rana ZH, Islam SN, Akhtaruzzaman M (2020) Comparative assessment of nutritional composition, polyphenol profile, antidiabetic and antioxidative properties of selected edible wild plant species of Bangladesh. Food Chemistry, 320: 126646.
- Al-Daghistani HI, Abu-Niaaj LF, Bustanji Y, Al-Hamaideh KD, Al-Salamat H, Nassar MN, Jaber HM, Amer NH, Abu-Irmaileh B, Al-Nuaimi AHD (2021) Antibacterial and cytotoxicity evaluation of Arum hygrophilum Bioss. European Review for Medical and Pharmacological Sciences, 25(23): 7306–7316.
- Alkış ME, Buldurun K, Turan N, Alan Y, Keleştemur Yılmaz Ü, Mantarcı A (2022) Synthesis, characterization, antiproliferative of pyrimidine based ligand and its Ni(II) and Pd(II) complexes and effectiveness of electroporation. Journal of Biomolecular Structure & Dynamics, 40(9): 4073–4083.
- Alkış ME, Turan N, Alan Y, Irtegun Kandemir S, Buldurun K (2021a) Effects of electroporation on anticancer activity of 5-FU and newly synthesized zinc(II) complex in chemotherapy-resistance human brain tumor cells. Medical Oncology (Northwood, London, England), 38(11): Article 126.
- Alkış ME, Keleştemür Ü, Alan Y, Turan N, Buldurun K (2021b) Cobalt and ruthenium complexes with pyrimidine based schiff base: synthesis, characterization, anticancer activities and electrochemotherapy efficiency. Journal of Molecular Structure, 1226: 129402.
- Azab A (2017) Arum: a plant genus with great medicinal potential. European Chemical Bulletin, 6(2): 59–68.
- Azmir J, Zaidul ISM, Rahman MM, Sharif KM, Mohamed A, Sahena F, Jahurul MHA, Norulaini NAN, Omar AKM (2013) Techniques for extraction of bioactive compounds from plant materials: a review. Journal of Food Engineering, 117(4): 426-436.
- Bieżuńska-Kusiak K, Kulbacka J, Choromańska A, Rembiałkowska N, Michel O, Saczko J (2023) Evaluation of the anticancer activity of calcium ions introduced into human breast adenocarcinoma cells MCF-7/WT and MCF-7/DOX by electroporation. Pharmaceuticals, 16(6): 809.
- Bute B, Alkis ME (2022) Anticancer activity of methotrexate in electrochemotherapy and electrochemotherapy plus ionizing radiation treatments in human breast cancer cells. Medical Oncology (Northwood, London, England), 40(1): 28.
- Cheng W, Cheng Z, Xing D, Zhang M (2019) Asparagus polysaccharide suppresses the migration, invasion, and angiogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma cells partly by targeting the HIF-1α/VEGF signalling pathway in vitro. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine.
- Cosme P, Rodríguez AB, Espino J, Garrido M (2020) Plant phenolics: bioavailability as a key determinant of their potential health-promoting applications. Antioxidants, 9(12): 1263.
- Cüce M, Basançelebi O (2021) Comparison of volatile constituents, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of Thymus leucotrichus (Lamiaceae) stem and leaves essential oils from both natural resources and in vitro derived shoots. Journal of Essential Oil Bearing Plants, 24(5): 1097-1112.
- Cüce M, Bekircan T, Sökmen A (2018) Phenolic constituents of Vaccinium species from both natural resources and micropropagated plantlets. International Journal of Secondary Metabolite, 5(4): 304-311.
- Cüce M, Bekircan T, Laghari AH, Sökmen M, Sökmen A, Uçar EÖ, Kılıç AO (2017) Antioxidant phenolic constituents, antimicrobial and cytotoxic properties of Stachys annua L. from both natural resources and micropropagated plantlets. Indian Journal of Traditional Knowledge, 16(3): 407-416.
- Cüce M, Bekircan T, Laghari A, Sökmen M, Sökmen A, Uçar EÖ, Kılıç AO (2019) Phenolic profiles, antimicrobial and cytotoxic properties of both micropropagated and naturally growing plantlets of Calamintha sylvatica subsp. sylvatica Bromf, Notulae. Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca, 47(4).
- Davis PH (1970) Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands. Vol. 3, Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh.
- Demiralay M (2022) Exogenous acetone O-(4-chlorophenylsulfonyl) oxime alleviates Cd stress-induced photosynthetic damage and oxidative stress by regulating the antioxidant defense mechanism in Zea mays. Physiology and Molecular Biology of Plants, 28 (11): 2069-2083.
- Di Prata C, Mascherini M, Ross AM, Silvestri B, Kis E, Odili J, Grischke EM (2023) Efficacy of electrochemotherapy in breast cancer patients of different receptor status: the INSPECT experience. Cancers, 15(12).
- Fawzi Mahomoodally M, Zengin G, Roumita SS, Caprioli G, Mustafa AM, Piatti D, Yıldıztugay E, Ak G, Karadağ AE, Khalid A, Abdalla AN, Uba Aİ,
- Demirci F (2023) Chemical characterization and multidirectional biological effects of different solvent extracts of Arum elongatum: in vitro and in silico approaches. Chemistry & Biodiversity, 20(4): e202201181.
- Ghasemi S, Moradzadeh M, Mousavi SH, Sadeghnia HR (2016) Cytotoxic effects of Urtica dioica radix on human colon (HT29) and gastric (MKN45) cancer cells mediated through oxidative and apoptotic mechanisms. Cellular and Molecular Biology (Noisy-Le-Grand, France), 62(9): 90-96.
- Guo Q, Wang N, Liu H, Li Z, Lu L, Wang C (2020) The bioactive compounds and biological functions of Asparagus officinalis L.- a review. Journal of Functional Foods, 65: 103727.
- Hartmann RW, Mark M, Soldati F (1996) Inhibition of 5 α-reductase and aromatase by PHL-00801 (Prostatonin), a combination of PY102 (Pygeum africanum) and UR102 (Urtica dioica) extracts. Phytomedicine, 3(2): 121-128.
- Jaradat N, Abualhasan M (2016) Comparison of phytoconstituents, total phenol contents and free radical scavenging capacities between four Arum species from Jerusalem and Bethlehem. Pharmaceutical Sciences, 22(2): 120-125.
- Larkin JO, Collins CG, Aarons S, Tangney M, Whelan M, Reily S, Sullivan GC (2007) Electrochemotherapy: aspects of preclinical development and early clinical experience. Annals of Surgery, 245(3): 469–479.
- Lei L, Chen Y, Ou L, Xu Y, Yu X (2017) Aqueous root extract of Asparagus cochinchinensis (Lour.) Merr. has antioxidant activity in D-galactose-induced aging mice. BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 17: 1-7.
- Matthiessen LW, Keshtgar M, Curatolo P, Kunte C, Grischke EM, Odili J, Muir T, Mowatt D, Clover JP, Liew SH (2018) Electrochemotherapy for breast cancer—eesults from the INSPECT Database. Clinical Breast Cancer, 18: e909–e917.
- Mohammadi A, Mansoori B, Aghapour M, Baradaran B (2016a) Urtica dioica dichloromethane extract induces apoptosis from intrinsic pathway on human prostate cancer cells (PC3). Cellular and Molecular Biology, 62(3): 78-83.
- Mohammadi A, Mansoori B, Goldar S, Shanehbandi D, Mohammadnejad L, Baghbani E, Baradaran B (2016b) Effects of Urtica dioica dichloromethane extract on cell apoptosis and related gene expression in human breast cancer cell line (MDA-MB-468). Cellular and Molecular Biology, 62(2): 62-67.
- Mondal N, Yadav KS, Dalal DC (2023) Enhanced drug uptake on application of electroporation in a single-cell model. The Journal of Membrane Biology, 256(3): 243–255.
- Napoli E, Siracusa L, Ruberto G, Carrubba A, Lazzara S, Speciale A, Cimino F, Saija A, Cristani M (2018) Phytochemical profiles, phototoxic and antioxidant properties of eleven Hypericum species: a comparative study. Phytochemistry, 152: 162–173.
- Pallerla S, Abdul AURM, Comeau J, Jois S (2021) Cancer vaccines, treatment of the future: with emphasis on HER2-positive breast cancer. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 22(2): 779.
- Pandey KB, Rizvi SI (2009) Plant polyphenols as dietary antioxidants in human health and disease. Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity, 2: 270-278.
- Poompavai S, Gowri Sree V, RamSugitha B (2021) Enhanced extraction and improved anticancer activity of neem (Azadirachta indica) leaves by electroporation technique. IETE Journal of Research, 1-11.
- Savcı A, Buldurun K, Alkış ME (2022a) Synthesis, characterization, antioxidant and anticancer activities of a new Schiff base and its M(II) complexes derived from 5-fluorouracil. Medical Oncology, 39: 172.
- Savcı A, Turan N, Buldurun K, Alkış ME, Alan Y (2022b) Schiff base containing fluorouracil and its M(II) complexes: synthesis, characterization, cytotoxic and antioxidant activities. Inorganic Chemistry Communications, 143: 109780.
- Schmidt G, Juhasz-Böss I, Solomayer EF, Herr D (2014) Electrochemotherapy in breast cancer: a review of references. Geburtshilfe und Frauenheilkunde, 74(6): 557–562.
- Sommano S, Caffin N, Kerven G (2013) Screening for antioxidant activity, phenolic content, and flavonoids from Australian native food plants. International Journal of Food Properties, 16(6): 1394-1406.
- Sun Q, Zhu L, Li Y, Cui Y, Jiang S, Tao N, Chen H, Xu J, Zhao Z, Dong C (2020) A novel inulin-type fructan from Asparagus cochinchinensis and its beneficial impact on human intestinal microbiota. Carbohydrate Polymers, 247: 116761.
- Tapan S (2016) Quantitative HPLC analysis of phenolic acids, flavonoids and ascorbic acid in four different solvent extracts of two wild edible leaves, Sonchus arvensis and Oenanthe linearis, of north-eastern region in India. Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science, 6: 157-166.
- Tunçtürk M, Özgökçe F (2015) Chemical composition of some Apiaceae plants commonly used in herby cheese in Eastern Anatolia. Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry, 39(1): 55-62.
- Wichtowski M, Murawa D, Czarnecki R, Piechocki J, Nowecki Z, Witkiewicz W (2019) Electrochemotherapy in the treatment of breast cancer metastasis to the skin and subcutaneous tissue—multicenter experience. Oncology Research and Treatment, 42(1-2): 47–51.
- Zhang L, He F, Gao L, Cong M, Sun J, Xu J, Qiao H (2021) Engineering exosome-like nanovesicles derived from Asparagus cochinchinensis can inhibit the proliferation of hepatocellular carcinoma cells with better safety profile. International Journal of Nanomedicine, 16: 1575-1586.
Toplam 45 adet kaynakça vardır.
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | İngilizce |
|---|---|
| Konular | Biyokimya ve Hücre Biyolojisi (Diğer) |
| Bölüm | Araştırma Makalesi |
| Yazarlar | |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 15 Mayıs 2025 |
| Gönderilme Tarihi | 25 Ekim 2024 |
| Kabul Tarihi | 19 Aralık 2024 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2025 Cilt: 26 Sayı: 1 |
Kaynak Göster
Artvin Çoruh Üniversitesi Orman Fakültesi Dergisi Creative Commons Alıntı 4.0 Uluslararası Lisansı ile lisanslanmıştır.