Araştırma Makalesi
Yıl 2025,
Cilt: 16 Sayı: 1, 417 - 439, 30.06.2025
Öz
As a result of the recent attacks by the Israeli state, many innocent Palestinians lost their lives, while most of the settlements in Palestine were reduced to ruins. As a result of these attacks, many Palestinians once again set out to save their own lives and the lives of their loved ones. The situation of Palestinian refugees in limbo is not new. They have been experiencing being refugees for almost seventy years. The current global order is far from providing sufficient mechanisms and tools to prevent the violation of the rights of Palestinian refugees. Consequently, Palestinian refugees can live a life within the context of national security and interest in the countries they seek refuge. The main purpose of this study is to reveal that Palestinian refugees live as subjects in limbo. This study first analyzes the realistic global order founded on national sovereignty and interest. Secondly, it points out the necessity for a perspective based on the harm principle and human rights in order to position refugees in the humane position they deserve within the global order. Thirdly, the position of Palestinian refugees in the current global system is revealed. This study argues that Palestinian refugees are subjects of the global system in limbo.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kaynakça
- Agamben, G. (2000). Means without end: Notes on politics. V. Binnetti ve C. Casarino (Çev.), Minneapolis&London: University of Minnesota Press.
- Agamben, G. (2013). Kutsal insan: Egemen, iktidar ve çıplak hayat. 2. Baskı, İ. Türkmen (Çev.), İstanbul: Ayrıntı.
- Al Beainy S., and El Hassan K. (2023). Coping strategies and personal growth: The case of Palestinian refugees in Shatila camp, Lebanon. Frontiers in Psychology, 14, 1-9.
- Alex-Assensoh, Y. M. (2008). Teaching critical cnalysis skills with analysis briefs: What they are and how they work. Politics, 41(1), 189-192.
- Arendt, H. (1994). İnsanlık durumu. B. S. Şener (Çev.), İstanbul: İletişim.
- Arendt, H. (2007). We refugees. J. Kohn and R. H. Feldman (Ed.), The jewish writings in (pp.264-275). New York: Schocken Books.
- Arendt, H. (2014). Totalitarizmin kaynakları 2: Emperyalizm. B. S. Şener (Çev.), İstanbul: İletişim.
- Balibar, E. (2014). Equaliberty: Essays on politics. J. Ingram (Çev.), Durham: Duke University Press.
- Beitz, C. (2009). The idea of human rights. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
- Beitz, C. (1983). Cosmopolitan ideals and national sentiment. Journal of Philosophy, 80(10), 591–600.
- Beitz, C. (1999). Political theory and international relations. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
- Benhabib, S. (2016). Ötekilerin hakları: Yabancılar, yerliler, vatandaşlar. 3.Baskı, B. Akyıkal (Çev.), İstanbul: İletişim.
- Fabianek, A. A., Li, J. Z., Laume, S. E., Mageary, J., Al-Rousan, T., Rosu, C. A. and AlHeresh, R. (2023). First-generation Palestinian refugees in Jordan: Experiences of occupational disruption from an occupational justice perspective. The American Journal of Occupational Therapy, 7(4), 1-9.
- Farah, R. (2012). The marginalization of Palestinian refugees. N. Steiner, M. Gibney, G. Loescher (Ed.), Problems of protection in (pp.155-174). London: Routledge.
- Frelick, B. (2024). No exit in Gaza — left with no other options, residents should have a right to flee. Retrieved from https://thehill.com/opinion/4565308-no-exit-in-gaza-left-with-no-other-options-residents-should-have-a-right-to-flee/ in 09.10.2024.
- Geuss, R. (2008). Philosophy and real politics. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
- Gibney, M. J. (2015). Refugees and justice between states. European Journal of Political Theory, 14(4), 448-463.
- Gibney, M. J. (2018). The ethics of refugees. Philosophy Compass, 13(10), 1-9.
- Hanafi, S. and Long, T. (2010). Governance, governmentalities, and the state of exception in the Palestinian refugee camps of Lebanon. Journal of Refugee Studies, 23(2), 134-159.
- Human Rights Watch. (2024). Israel and Palestine. Retrieved from https://www.hrw.org/world-report/2024/country-chapters/israel-and-palestine in 10.12.2024.
- Hurwitz, A. (2009). The collective responsibility of states to protect refugees. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
- Irfan, A. (2023). Refuge and resistance: Palestinians and the international refugee system. New York: Columbia University Press.
- Kitumura, A., Jimba M., McCahey J., Paolucci G., Shah S., Hababeh M., Shahin Y., and Seita, A. (2018). Health and dignity of Palestine refugees at stake: A need for international response to sustain crucial life services at UNRWA. Lancet, 392, 2736-2744.
- Kocaoğlu, M. (2018). Günümüz mülteci krizi: Arendtçi bir eleştiri. Amme İdaresi Dergisi, 51(4), 21-51.
- Knopf, J. W. (2006). Doing a literature review. Political Science&Politics, 39(1), 137-132.
- Lu, C. (2006). Just and unjust interventions in world politics. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.
- Mann, I. (2023). Between asylum and liberation: The new Palestinian refugees. The European Journal of International Law, 34(2), 491-516.
- Matrouk, R. and Szecsi, Z. P. (2023). An assessment of the informal settlements of Palestinian refugee camps in Amman urban pattern. Periodica Polytechnica Architecture, 54(2), 133–146.
- Mazzola, F. (2024). Community policing in areas of limited statehood: The case of Lebanon. Mediterranean Politics, 29(5), 668-699.
- McDermott, D. (2008). Analytical philosophy. D. Leopold and M. Stears (Ed.), Political philosophy: methods and approaches in (pp.11-29). Oxford&Newyork: Oxford University Press.
- Napolitano, V. (2023). Managing Palestinian refugees in Syria: A socio-historical overview of UNRWA's relationship with Syrian authorities, 1950–70. Jerusalem Quarterly, 94, 48-64.
- Parekh, S. (2016). Refugees and the ethics of forced displacement. New York&London: Routledge.
- Pavel, C. E. (2014). Divided sovereignty: International institutions and the limits of state authority. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
- Pogge, T. (2002). World poverty and human rights: Cosmopolitan responsibilities and reforms. London: Polity Press.
- Pogge, T. (2005). Human rights and human responsibilities. A. Kuper (Ed.), Global responsibilities: Who must deliver on human rights in (pp. 3-35). New York: Routledge.
- Quigley, J. (2023). Prohibition of Palestine Arab return to Israel as a crime against humanity. Crim Law Forum, 34(1), 1-41.
- Shaclar, A. and Hirschl, R. (2016). On citizenship, states, and markets. R. E. Goodin and J. S. Fishkin (Ed.), Political theory without borders in (pp.206-235) London: Wiley: Blackwell.
- Singer, P. (2012). Famine, affluence, and morality. S. Maffettone and A. A. Rathore (Ed.), Global justice: Critical perspectives in (pp. 15-32) New York: Routledge.
- Tan, K. C. (2004). Justice without borders: Cosmopolitanism, nationalism, and patriotism. Cambridge: University Press.
- United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East. (2024). Palestine refugees. Retrieved from https://www.unrwa.org/palestine-refugees in 09.10.2024.
- United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East USA National Committee. (2024). Retrieved from https://www.unrwausa.org/unrwa-palestine-refugees in 09.10.2024.
- Welsh, J. M. (2004). Introduction. J. M. Welsh (Ed.), Humanitarian intervention and international relations in (pp.1-11). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Yıl 2025,
Cilt: 16 Sayı: 1, 417 - 439, 30.06.2025
Öz
İsrail devletinin son saldırıları sonucu çok sayıda masum Filistinli hayatını kaybederken Filistin’deki yerleşim yerlerinin büyük kısmı harabeye dönmüştür. Bu saldırılar sonucunda çok sayıda Filistinli bir kez daha kendilerinin ve sevdiklerinin hayatını kurtarmak adına yollara düşmüştür. Filistinli mültecilerin arafta kalma durumu yeni değildir. Mülteci olmayı neredeyse yetmiş yıldır tecrübe etmektedirler. Mevcut küresel düzen Filistinli mültecilerin haklarının ihlal edilmesini engelleyecek yeterli mekanizmaları ve araçları sağlamanın uzağındadır. Filistinli mülteciler de bu düzen içerisinde sığındıkları ülkelerde ulusal güvenlik ve çıkar bağlamı içerisinde bir hayat sürebilmektedir. Bu çalışmanın temel amacı Filistinli mültecilerin arafta kalan özneler olarak hayat sürdürdüklerini ortaya koymaktır. Bu çalışmada ilk olarak ulusal egemenlik ve çıkar üzerine kurulmuş olan realist küresel düzen analiz edilmektedir. İkinci olarak mültecileri küresel düzen içinde hak ettikleri insancıl pozisyona konumlandırmak adına zarar ilkesi ve insan hakları dayalı bir perspektifin gerekliliğine işaret edilmektedir. Üçüncü olarak ise Filistinli mültecilerin mevcut küresel sistemdeki konumu gözler önüne serilmektedir. Bu çalışma, Filistinli mültecilerin küresel sistemin arafta kalan özneleri olduğunu ileri sürmektedir.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kaynakça
- Agamben, G. (2000). Means without end: Notes on politics. V. Binnetti ve C. Casarino (Çev.), Minneapolis&London: University of Minnesota Press.
- Agamben, G. (2013). Kutsal insan: Egemen, iktidar ve çıplak hayat. 2. Baskı, İ. Türkmen (Çev.), İstanbul: Ayrıntı.
- Al Beainy S., and El Hassan K. (2023). Coping strategies and personal growth: The case of Palestinian refugees in Shatila camp, Lebanon. Frontiers in Psychology, 14, 1-9.
- Alex-Assensoh, Y. M. (2008). Teaching critical cnalysis skills with analysis briefs: What they are and how they work. Politics, 41(1), 189-192.
- Arendt, H. (1994). İnsanlık durumu. B. S. Şener (Çev.), İstanbul: İletişim.
- Arendt, H. (2007). We refugees. J. Kohn and R. H. Feldman (Ed.), The jewish writings in (pp.264-275). New York: Schocken Books.
- Arendt, H. (2014). Totalitarizmin kaynakları 2: Emperyalizm. B. S. Şener (Çev.), İstanbul: İletişim.
- Balibar, E. (2014). Equaliberty: Essays on politics. J. Ingram (Çev.), Durham: Duke University Press.
- Beitz, C. (2009). The idea of human rights. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
- Beitz, C. (1983). Cosmopolitan ideals and national sentiment. Journal of Philosophy, 80(10), 591–600.
- Beitz, C. (1999). Political theory and international relations. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
- Benhabib, S. (2016). Ötekilerin hakları: Yabancılar, yerliler, vatandaşlar. 3.Baskı, B. Akyıkal (Çev.), İstanbul: İletişim.
- Fabianek, A. A., Li, J. Z., Laume, S. E., Mageary, J., Al-Rousan, T., Rosu, C. A. and AlHeresh, R. (2023). First-generation Palestinian refugees in Jordan: Experiences of occupational disruption from an occupational justice perspective. The American Journal of Occupational Therapy, 7(4), 1-9.
- Farah, R. (2012). The marginalization of Palestinian refugees. N. Steiner, M. Gibney, G. Loescher (Ed.), Problems of protection in (pp.155-174). London: Routledge.
- Frelick, B. (2024). No exit in Gaza — left with no other options, residents should have a right to flee. Retrieved from https://thehill.com/opinion/4565308-no-exit-in-gaza-left-with-no-other-options-residents-should-have-a-right-to-flee/ in 09.10.2024.
- Geuss, R. (2008). Philosophy and real politics. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
- Gibney, M. J. (2015). Refugees and justice between states. European Journal of Political Theory, 14(4), 448-463.
- Gibney, M. J. (2018). The ethics of refugees. Philosophy Compass, 13(10), 1-9.
- Hanafi, S. and Long, T. (2010). Governance, governmentalities, and the state of exception in the Palestinian refugee camps of Lebanon. Journal of Refugee Studies, 23(2), 134-159.
- Human Rights Watch. (2024). Israel and Palestine. Retrieved from https://www.hrw.org/world-report/2024/country-chapters/israel-and-palestine in 10.12.2024.
- Hurwitz, A. (2009). The collective responsibility of states to protect refugees. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
- Irfan, A. (2023). Refuge and resistance: Palestinians and the international refugee system. New York: Columbia University Press.
- Kitumura, A., Jimba M., McCahey J., Paolucci G., Shah S., Hababeh M., Shahin Y., and Seita, A. (2018). Health and dignity of Palestine refugees at stake: A need for international response to sustain crucial life services at UNRWA. Lancet, 392, 2736-2744.
- Kocaoğlu, M. (2018). Günümüz mülteci krizi: Arendtçi bir eleştiri. Amme İdaresi Dergisi, 51(4), 21-51.
- Knopf, J. W. (2006). Doing a literature review. Political Science&Politics, 39(1), 137-132.
- Lu, C. (2006). Just and unjust interventions in world politics. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.
- Mann, I. (2023). Between asylum and liberation: The new Palestinian refugees. The European Journal of International Law, 34(2), 491-516.
- Matrouk, R. and Szecsi, Z. P. (2023). An assessment of the informal settlements of Palestinian refugee camps in Amman urban pattern. Periodica Polytechnica Architecture, 54(2), 133–146.
- Mazzola, F. (2024). Community policing in areas of limited statehood: The case of Lebanon. Mediterranean Politics, 29(5), 668-699.
- McDermott, D. (2008). Analytical philosophy. D. Leopold and M. Stears (Ed.), Political philosophy: methods and approaches in (pp.11-29). Oxford&Newyork: Oxford University Press.
- Napolitano, V. (2023). Managing Palestinian refugees in Syria: A socio-historical overview of UNRWA's relationship with Syrian authorities, 1950–70. Jerusalem Quarterly, 94, 48-64.
- Parekh, S. (2016). Refugees and the ethics of forced displacement. New York&London: Routledge.
- Pavel, C. E. (2014). Divided sovereignty: International institutions and the limits of state authority. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
- Pogge, T. (2002). World poverty and human rights: Cosmopolitan responsibilities and reforms. London: Polity Press.
- Pogge, T. (2005). Human rights and human responsibilities. A. Kuper (Ed.), Global responsibilities: Who must deliver on human rights in (pp. 3-35). New York: Routledge.
- Quigley, J. (2023). Prohibition of Palestine Arab return to Israel as a crime against humanity. Crim Law Forum, 34(1), 1-41.
- Shaclar, A. and Hirschl, R. (2016). On citizenship, states, and markets. R. E. Goodin and J. S. Fishkin (Ed.), Political theory without borders in (pp.206-235) London: Wiley: Blackwell.
- Singer, P. (2012). Famine, affluence, and morality. S. Maffettone and A. A. Rathore (Ed.), Global justice: Critical perspectives in (pp. 15-32) New York: Routledge.
- Tan, K. C. (2004). Justice without borders: Cosmopolitanism, nationalism, and patriotism. Cambridge: University Press.
- United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East. (2024). Palestine refugees. Retrieved from https://www.unrwa.org/palestine-refugees in 09.10.2024.
- United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East USA National Committee. (2024). Retrieved from https://www.unrwausa.org/unrwa-palestine-refugees in 09.10.2024.
- Welsh, J. M. (2004). Introduction. J. M. Welsh (Ed.), Humanitarian intervention and international relations in (pp.1-11). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Toplam 42 adet kaynakça vardır.
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | Türkçe |
|---|---|
| Konular | Kamu Yönetimi |
| Bölüm | Makaleler |
| Yazarlar | |
| Erken Görünüm Tarihi | 27 Haziran 2025 |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 30 Haziran 2025 |
| Gönderilme Tarihi | 3 Şubat 2025 |
| Kabul Tarihi | 16 Mayıs 2025 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2025 Cilt: 16 Sayı: 1 |
