Araştırma Makalesi
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Rhamnus microcarpa (Rhamnaceae)'nın morfolojik, anatomik ve mikromorfolojik karakterizasyonu

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 3 Sayı: 1, 1 - 8, 31.03.2020
https://doi.org/10.38059/biodiversity.620587

Öz

Bu çalışmada, Artvin’de
doğal olarak yayılış gösteren
Rhamnus
microcarpa
’nın genel morfolojik özellikleri,
yaprak ve odun anatomik özellikleri ve yaprak
mikromorfolojik özellikleri detaylı olarak incelenmiştir. Yapraklar
geniş yumurtamsı, 3.0-5.5 x 1.9-3.9 cm; stipüller 4-7 mm; damar sayısı 7-10;
yaprak sapı 6-15 mm’dir. Tomurcuk pullarının tabanında koyu kahverengi enine
şeritler bulunur. Odun yarı halkalı veya halkalı traheli, özışınları
heteroselüler, özellikle yaz odununda lifler kalın çeperlidir. Yapraklarda
dorsiventral mezofil, hipostomatik tip stoma ve basit üniselüler tüyler tespit
edildi. Ayrıca, yaprak alt yüzeylerinde epikütikular pullar gözlendi.

Destekleyen Kurum

Artvin Çoruh Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Birimi

Proje Numarası

2016.F10.02.11

Teşekkür

Artvin Çoruh Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Birimine 2016.F10.02.11 numaralı Projemize verdiği maddi desteklerinden dolayı teşekkür ederiz.

Kaynakça

  • Akgün B, Birtürk T, Gerçek Z (2010). Wood Anatomy of Rhamnus petiolaris Boiss. and Rhamnus oleoides subsp. graecus (Boiss & Reut.) Holmboe. III. Ulusal Karadeniz Ormancılık Kongresi, 20-22 Mayıs: Artvin, pp: 1201-1207.
  • Akkemik Ü, Efe A, Kaya Z, Demir D (2007). Wood Anatomy of Endemic Rhamnus Species in the Mediterranean Region of Turkey. IAWA Journal 28(3): 301-310.
  • Akkemik Ü, Ok T, Eminağaoğlu Ö, Fırat M, Aksoy N (2014). Rhamnus L. In: Akkemik Ü (ed), Türkiye’nin Doğal-Egzotik Ağaç ve Çalıları II, Orman Genel Müdürlüğü Yayınları, Ankara, pp: 248-271. (in Turkish).
  • Akkemik Ü, Ok T, Eminağaoğlu Ö, Fırat M, Aksoy N (2018). Rhamnus L. (Cehriler) In: Akkemik Ü (ed), Türkiye’nin Doğal-Egzotik Ağaç ve Çalıları, Orman Genel Müdürlüğü Yayınları, Ankara, pp: 470-478. (in Turkish).
  • Akyıldırım Beğen H, Yuksel E (2018). The flora of Alanbaşı and Bakırtepe villages (Yusufeli, Artvin, Turkey) and its surroundings. Turkish Journal of Biodiversity 1: 17-23.
  • Algan G (1981). Bitkisel Dokular İçin Mikroteknik, İstanbul. Fırat University Science Faculty Press (in Turkish).
  • Alkan F (2011). Rhamnus imeretinus Kabuklarında Bulunan Heterozit Yapısında Maddeler, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Atatürk Üniversitesi, Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Erzurum. (in Turkish).
  • Başaran S, Yaman B (1998). Anatomical and palynological research on Rhamnus thymifolius Bornm. Proc. of Kasnak Oak and the Flora of Turkey, 21-23 September: 346-358.
  • Bolmgren K, Oxelman B (2004). Generic limits in Rhamnus L. s.l. (Rhamnaceae) inferred from nuclear and chloroplast DNA sequence phylogenies. Taxon 53: 383-390.
  • Davis PH (Ed.) (1965-1985). Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands. Vol.1-9, Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
  • Davis PH, Mill RR, Tan K (eds) (1988). Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands. Vol. 10. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
  • Davis PH, Yaltırık F (1967). Rhamnus. In: Davis, P.H. (ed.) Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands, Vol. 2, pp. 526-541, Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
  • Efe A, Akkemik Ü, Kaya, Z (2005). Akdeniz Bölgesi Endemik Rhamnus Taksonlarının Morfolojik ve Palinolojik Özellikleri. İstanbul Üniversitesi Orman Fakültesi Dergisi, Seri A, 55 (2): 7-25.
  • Eminağaoğlu Ö (2009). The Plant Diversity of Tekkale Çevreli and Cemketen Villages (Yusufeli, Artvin). Batumi Botanical Garden Bulletin 33: 152-159.
  • Eminağaoğlu Ö (2012). Artvin’de Doğa Mirası Camili'nin Doğal Bitkileri. İstanbul: Promat, 376 p. (in Turkish).
  • Eminağaoğlu Ö (Ed.) (2015). Artvin’ in Doğal Bitkileri, İstanbul: Promat, 456p. (in Turkish).
  • Eminağaoğlu Ö, Anşin R (2002). A9 (Artvin) Karesi İçin Yeni Floristik Kayıtlar. Kafkas Üniversitesi Artvin Orman Fakültesi Dergisi 3(1): 96-108. (in Turkish).
  • Eminağaoğlu Ö, Anşin R (2003). The Flora of Hatila Valley National Park and its close Environs (Artvin). Turkish Journal of Botany 27(1): 127.
  • Eminağaoğlu Ö, Anşin R (2004). Flora of the Karagöl-Sahara National Park (Artvin) and its Environs. Turkish Journal of Botany 28(6): 557590.
  • Eminağaoğlu Ö, Anşin R (2005). The Flora of Cerattepe Meydanlar Demirci Gavur Creek and Near Environment in Artvin. İstanbul Üniversitesi Orman Fakültesi Dergisi 55(2): 31-46.
  • Eminağaoğlu Ö, Anşin R, Kutbay HG (2007). Forest Vegetation of Karagöl Sahara National Park (Artvin, Turkey). Turkish Journal of Botany 31(5): 421-449.
  • Eminağaoğlu Ö, Yüksel E, Akyıldırım Beğen H (2018). Flora of the Hod Valley (Artvin, Turkey). International Journal of Ecosystems and Ecology Science-IJEES 8 (2): 273-282.
  • Erşen Bak F, Merev N. (2016). Ecological wood anatomy of Fraxinus L. in Turkey (Oleaceae): intraspecific and interspecific variation. Turkish Journal of Botany 40: 356-372.
  • Fahn A, Werker E, Baas P (1986). Wood Anatomy and Identification of Trees and Shrubs from Israel and Adjacent Regions. 1st ed. Jerusalem, Israel: The Israel Academy of Sciences and Humanities.
  • Güner A, Aslan S, Ekim T, Vural M, Babaç MT (eds) (2012). Türkiye Bitkileri Listesi (Damarlı Bitkiler). İstanbul: Nezahat Gökyiğit Botanik Bahçesi ve Flora Araştırmaları Derneği Yayını.
  • Güner A, Özhatay N, Ekim T, Başer KHC (2000). Flora of Turkey and the East Aegaen Islands. Vol. 11, (Supplement–2), Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
  • Hassler M (2019). World Plants: Synonymic Checklists of the Vascular Plants of the World (version Nov 2018). In: Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life, 25th March 2019 (Roskov Y, Ower G, Orrell T, Nicolson D, Bailly N, Kirk PM, Bourgoin T, DeWalt RE, Decock W, Nieukerken E van, Zarucchi J, Penev L, eds.). Digital resource at www.catalogueoflife.org/col. Species 2000: Naturalis, Leiden, the Netherlands. ISSN 2405-8858.
  • Hauenschild F, Favre A, Salazar GA, Muellner-Riehl AN (2019). Analysis of the cosmopolitan buckthorn genera Frangula and Rhamnus s.l. supports the description of a new genus, Ventia. Taxon 65(1): 65-78.
  • Hui YU, Nian-He XIA, Xiao-Ying HU (2008). Leaf Epidermis Micromorphology of Rhamnaceae in China. Annals of Botany 101(9): 1341-1348.
  • IPNI (2015). International Plant Names Index. Published on the internet. https://www.ipni.org. Downloaded on 10 January 2019.
  • Ives E (2001). A Guide to Wood Microtomy: Making Quality Micro Slides of Wood Sections. Suffolk, UK: Suffolk Offset.
  • Johnston MC, Johnston LA (1978). Rhamnus. Flora Neotropica. Monograph No. 20. The New York Botanical Garden, Bronx, NY, USA. 96 p.
  • Jud NA, Gandolfo MA, Iglesias A, Wilf P (2017). Flowering after disaster: Early Danian buckthorn (Rhamnaceae) flowers and leaves from Patagonia. PLoS One 12(5): e0176164.
  • Mantese A, Medan D (1992). Leaf anatomy and architecture of Retanilla (Rhamnaceae). Darwiniana 31 (1-4): 253.
  • Medan D, Schirarend C (2004). Rhamnaceae. In: Kubitzki K. (eds) Flowering Plants Dicotyledons, The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants, vol 6. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer, pp. 320-338.
  • Merev N (1998). Odun Anatomisi Cilt I. Doğu Karadeniz Bölgesindeki Doğal Angiospermae Taksonlarının Odun Anatomisi. K.T.Ü. Orman Fakültesi, Genel Yayın No: 189, Fakülte Yayın No: 27, K.T.Ü. Matbaası, Trabzon, 621 s, (in Turkish).
  • Normand D (1972). Manuel D’ Identification des Bois Commerciaux. Tom 1, Nogent, Sur/Marne, Paris.
  • Ozcan M, Demiralay M, Kahriman A (2015). Leaf anatomical notes on Cirsium Miller (Asteraceae, Carduoideae) from Turkey. Plant Systematics and Evolution. 301: 1995-2012.
  • PL (2013). The Plant List Version 1.1. Published on the Internet; http://www.theplantlist.org/. Downloaded on 10 January 2019.
  • Richardson JE, Fay MF, Cronk QCB, Chase MW (2000). A revision of the tribal classification of Rhamnaceae. Kew Bull. 55: 311–340.
  • Ruzin SE (1999). Plant Microtechnique and Microscopy. 1st ed. NewYork, NY, USA: Oxford University Press.
  • Schweingruber FH., Börner A, Schulze E-D (2011). Atlas of Stem Anatomy in Herbs, Shrubs and Trees. Vol:1 Springer. 495 p.
  • Serdar B, Coşkunçelebi K, Terzioğlu S, Hampe A (2007). Anatomical notes on Turkish Frangula alnus Mill. (Rhamnaceae). Plant Biosystems, 141 (1): 69-74.
  • Shisode SB, Patil DA (2011). Petiolar anatomy in some Rhamnaceae. Current Botany 2(9): 22-25.
  • Vardar Y (1987). Botanikte Preparasyon Teknigi. Izmir, Ege University Science Faculty Press (in Turkish), pp. 1-66.
  • Varone L, Gratani L (2009). Leaf expansion in Rhamnus alaternus L. by leaf morphological, anatomical and physiological analysis. Trees 23: 1255-1262.
  • Wheeler EA, Baas P (1991). A survey of the fossil record for Dicotyledonous wood and its significance for evolutionary and ecological wood anatomy. IAWA Bulletin 12: 275-332.
  • Wheeler EA, Baas P, Gasson PE (edts) (1989). IAWA list of microscopic features for hardwood identification. IAWA Bullettin 10(3): 221-332.
  • Yüksel E, Eminağaoğlu Ö (2017). Flora of the Kamilet Valley (Arhavi, Artvin, Turkey). International Journal of Ecosystems and Ecology Science-IJEES 7(4): 905-914.
  • Yüksel E, Akyıldırım Beğen H (2018). The flora of Dereiçi village (Yusufeli, Artvin, Turkey) and its surroundings . Turkish Journal of Biodiversity 1:34-40.

Morphological, anatomical and micromorphological characterization of Rhamnus microcarpa (Rhamnaceae)

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 3 Sayı: 1, 1 - 8, 31.03.2020
https://doi.org/10.38059/biodiversity.620587

Öz



In this
study, general morphological characteristics, the leaf and wood anatomical
characteristics and, leaf micromorphological features of
Rhamnus microcarpa,
which is native in Artvin were investigated in detail. Leaves broadly ovate,
3.0-5.5 x 1.9-3.9 cm; stipules 4-7 mm; pinnately 7-10 veined; petiol 6-15 mm.
Bud scales dark brown transverse band at the base.
  Wood was semi-ring porous to ring porous,
rays heterocellular, fibers thick-walled especially in latewood. In leaves,
dorsiventral mesophyll, hypostomatic type stomata and simple unicellular
trichomes observed. Also, epicuticle scales in the lower leaf surface observed.





Proje Numarası

2016.F10.02.11

Kaynakça

  • Akgün B, Birtürk T, Gerçek Z (2010). Wood Anatomy of Rhamnus petiolaris Boiss. and Rhamnus oleoides subsp. graecus (Boiss & Reut.) Holmboe. III. Ulusal Karadeniz Ormancılık Kongresi, 20-22 Mayıs: Artvin, pp: 1201-1207.
  • Akkemik Ü, Efe A, Kaya Z, Demir D (2007). Wood Anatomy of Endemic Rhamnus Species in the Mediterranean Region of Turkey. IAWA Journal 28(3): 301-310.
  • Akkemik Ü, Ok T, Eminağaoğlu Ö, Fırat M, Aksoy N (2014). Rhamnus L. In: Akkemik Ü (ed), Türkiye’nin Doğal-Egzotik Ağaç ve Çalıları II, Orman Genel Müdürlüğü Yayınları, Ankara, pp: 248-271. (in Turkish).
  • Akkemik Ü, Ok T, Eminağaoğlu Ö, Fırat M, Aksoy N (2018). Rhamnus L. (Cehriler) In: Akkemik Ü (ed), Türkiye’nin Doğal-Egzotik Ağaç ve Çalıları, Orman Genel Müdürlüğü Yayınları, Ankara, pp: 470-478. (in Turkish).
  • Akyıldırım Beğen H, Yuksel E (2018). The flora of Alanbaşı and Bakırtepe villages (Yusufeli, Artvin, Turkey) and its surroundings. Turkish Journal of Biodiversity 1: 17-23.
  • Algan G (1981). Bitkisel Dokular İçin Mikroteknik, İstanbul. Fırat University Science Faculty Press (in Turkish).
  • Alkan F (2011). Rhamnus imeretinus Kabuklarında Bulunan Heterozit Yapısında Maddeler, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Atatürk Üniversitesi, Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Erzurum. (in Turkish).
  • Başaran S, Yaman B (1998). Anatomical and palynological research on Rhamnus thymifolius Bornm. Proc. of Kasnak Oak and the Flora of Turkey, 21-23 September: 346-358.
  • Bolmgren K, Oxelman B (2004). Generic limits in Rhamnus L. s.l. (Rhamnaceae) inferred from nuclear and chloroplast DNA sequence phylogenies. Taxon 53: 383-390.
  • Davis PH (Ed.) (1965-1985). Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands. Vol.1-9, Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
  • Davis PH, Mill RR, Tan K (eds) (1988). Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands. Vol. 10. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
  • Davis PH, Yaltırık F (1967). Rhamnus. In: Davis, P.H. (ed.) Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands, Vol. 2, pp. 526-541, Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
  • Efe A, Akkemik Ü, Kaya, Z (2005). Akdeniz Bölgesi Endemik Rhamnus Taksonlarının Morfolojik ve Palinolojik Özellikleri. İstanbul Üniversitesi Orman Fakültesi Dergisi, Seri A, 55 (2): 7-25.
  • Eminağaoğlu Ö (2009). The Plant Diversity of Tekkale Çevreli and Cemketen Villages (Yusufeli, Artvin). Batumi Botanical Garden Bulletin 33: 152-159.
  • Eminağaoğlu Ö (2012). Artvin’de Doğa Mirası Camili'nin Doğal Bitkileri. İstanbul: Promat, 376 p. (in Turkish).
  • Eminağaoğlu Ö (Ed.) (2015). Artvin’ in Doğal Bitkileri, İstanbul: Promat, 456p. (in Turkish).
  • Eminağaoğlu Ö, Anşin R (2002). A9 (Artvin) Karesi İçin Yeni Floristik Kayıtlar. Kafkas Üniversitesi Artvin Orman Fakültesi Dergisi 3(1): 96-108. (in Turkish).
  • Eminağaoğlu Ö, Anşin R (2003). The Flora of Hatila Valley National Park and its close Environs (Artvin). Turkish Journal of Botany 27(1): 127.
  • Eminağaoğlu Ö, Anşin R (2004). Flora of the Karagöl-Sahara National Park (Artvin) and its Environs. Turkish Journal of Botany 28(6): 557590.
  • Eminağaoğlu Ö, Anşin R (2005). The Flora of Cerattepe Meydanlar Demirci Gavur Creek and Near Environment in Artvin. İstanbul Üniversitesi Orman Fakültesi Dergisi 55(2): 31-46.
  • Eminağaoğlu Ö, Anşin R, Kutbay HG (2007). Forest Vegetation of Karagöl Sahara National Park (Artvin, Turkey). Turkish Journal of Botany 31(5): 421-449.
  • Eminağaoğlu Ö, Yüksel E, Akyıldırım Beğen H (2018). Flora of the Hod Valley (Artvin, Turkey). International Journal of Ecosystems and Ecology Science-IJEES 8 (2): 273-282.
  • Erşen Bak F, Merev N. (2016). Ecological wood anatomy of Fraxinus L. in Turkey (Oleaceae): intraspecific and interspecific variation. Turkish Journal of Botany 40: 356-372.
  • Fahn A, Werker E, Baas P (1986). Wood Anatomy and Identification of Trees and Shrubs from Israel and Adjacent Regions. 1st ed. Jerusalem, Israel: The Israel Academy of Sciences and Humanities.
  • Güner A, Aslan S, Ekim T, Vural M, Babaç MT (eds) (2012). Türkiye Bitkileri Listesi (Damarlı Bitkiler). İstanbul: Nezahat Gökyiğit Botanik Bahçesi ve Flora Araştırmaları Derneği Yayını.
  • Güner A, Özhatay N, Ekim T, Başer KHC (2000). Flora of Turkey and the East Aegaen Islands. Vol. 11, (Supplement–2), Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
  • Hassler M (2019). World Plants: Synonymic Checklists of the Vascular Plants of the World (version Nov 2018). In: Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life, 25th March 2019 (Roskov Y, Ower G, Orrell T, Nicolson D, Bailly N, Kirk PM, Bourgoin T, DeWalt RE, Decock W, Nieukerken E van, Zarucchi J, Penev L, eds.). Digital resource at www.catalogueoflife.org/col. Species 2000: Naturalis, Leiden, the Netherlands. ISSN 2405-8858.
  • Hauenschild F, Favre A, Salazar GA, Muellner-Riehl AN (2019). Analysis of the cosmopolitan buckthorn genera Frangula and Rhamnus s.l. supports the description of a new genus, Ventia. Taxon 65(1): 65-78.
  • Hui YU, Nian-He XIA, Xiao-Ying HU (2008). Leaf Epidermis Micromorphology of Rhamnaceae in China. Annals of Botany 101(9): 1341-1348.
  • IPNI (2015). International Plant Names Index. Published on the internet. https://www.ipni.org. Downloaded on 10 January 2019.
  • Ives E (2001). A Guide to Wood Microtomy: Making Quality Micro Slides of Wood Sections. Suffolk, UK: Suffolk Offset.
  • Johnston MC, Johnston LA (1978). Rhamnus. Flora Neotropica. Monograph No. 20. The New York Botanical Garden, Bronx, NY, USA. 96 p.
  • Jud NA, Gandolfo MA, Iglesias A, Wilf P (2017). Flowering after disaster: Early Danian buckthorn (Rhamnaceae) flowers and leaves from Patagonia. PLoS One 12(5): e0176164.
  • Mantese A, Medan D (1992). Leaf anatomy and architecture of Retanilla (Rhamnaceae). Darwiniana 31 (1-4): 253.
  • Medan D, Schirarend C (2004). Rhamnaceae. In: Kubitzki K. (eds) Flowering Plants Dicotyledons, The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants, vol 6. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer, pp. 320-338.
  • Merev N (1998). Odun Anatomisi Cilt I. Doğu Karadeniz Bölgesindeki Doğal Angiospermae Taksonlarının Odun Anatomisi. K.T.Ü. Orman Fakültesi, Genel Yayın No: 189, Fakülte Yayın No: 27, K.T.Ü. Matbaası, Trabzon, 621 s, (in Turkish).
  • Normand D (1972). Manuel D’ Identification des Bois Commerciaux. Tom 1, Nogent, Sur/Marne, Paris.
  • Ozcan M, Demiralay M, Kahriman A (2015). Leaf anatomical notes on Cirsium Miller (Asteraceae, Carduoideae) from Turkey. Plant Systematics and Evolution. 301: 1995-2012.
  • PL (2013). The Plant List Version 1.1. Published on the Internet; http://www.theplantlist.org/. Downloaded on 10 January 2019.
  • Richardson JE, Fay MF, Cronk QCB, Chase MW (2000). A revision of the tribal classification of Rhamnaceae. Kew Bull. 55: 311–340.
  • Ruzin SE (1999). Plant Microtechnique and Microscopy. 1st ed. NewYork, NY, USA: Oxford University Press.
  • Schweingruber FH., Börner A, Schulze E-D (2011). Atlas of Stem Anatomy in Herbs, Shrubs and Trees. Vol:1 Springer. 495 p.
  • Serdar B, Coşkunçelebi K, Terzioğlu S, Hampe A (2007). Anatomical notes on Turkish Frangula alnus Mill. (Rhamnaceae). Plant Biosystems, 141 (1): 69-74.
  • Shisode SB, Patil DA (2011). Petiolar anatomy in some Rhamnaceae. Current Botany 2(9): 22-25.
  • Vardar Y (1987). Botanikte Preparasyon Teknigi. Izmir, Ege University Science Faculty Press (in Turkish), pp. 1-66.
  • Varone L, Gratani L (2009). Leaf expansion in Rhamnus alaternus L. by leaf morphological, anatomical and physiological analysis. Trees 23: 1255-1262.
  • Wheeler EA, Baas P (1991). A survey of the fossil record for Dicotyledonous wood and its significance for evolutionary and ecological wood anatomy. IAWA Bulletin 12: 275-332.
  • Wheeler EA, Baas P, Gasson PE (edts) (1989). IAWA list of microscopic features for hardwood identification. IAWA Bullettin 10(3): 221-332.
  • Yüksel E, Eminağaoğlu Ö (2017). Flora of the Kamilet Valley (Arhavi, Artvin, Turkey). International Journal of Ecosystems and Ecology Science-IJEES 7(4): 905-914.
  • Yüksel E, Akyıldırım Beğen H (2018). The flora of Dereiçi village (Yusufeli, Artvin, Turkey) and its surroundings . Turkish Journal of Biodiversity 1:34-40.
Toplam 50 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Bölüm Araştırma Makaleleri
Yazarlar

Özgür Eminağaoğlu 0000-0003-0064-0318

Melahat Özcan 0000-0002-2638-3914

Funda Erşen Bak 0000-0003-2659-3310

Emrah Yüksel 0000-0002-8171-0383

Hayal Akyıldırım Beğen 0000-0003-2028-5827

Proje Numarası 2016.F10.02.11
Yayımlanma Tarihi 31 Mart 2020
Gönderilme Tarihi 16 Eylül 2019
Kabul Tarihi 30 Eylül 2019
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2020 Cilt: 3 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Eminağaoğlu, Ö., Özcan, M., Erşen Bak, F., Yüksel, E., vd. (2020). Morphological, anatomical and micromorphological characterization of Rhamnus microcarpa (Rhamnaceae). Turkish Journal of Biodiversity, 3(1), 1-8. https://doi.org/10.38059/biodiversity.620587

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