Öz
The aim of this study is to investigate the psychometric properties of the Family Empowerment Scale in the Turkish language. The study was carried out with 223 parents of intellectually disabled children. Data were collected between February and September 2018 by using the “Family Knowledge Form” and the “Family Empowerment Scale”. The Family Empowerment Scale is a Likert type scale consisting of 34 items and a three-factor structure. The study evaluated the following; KMO values, Cronbach alpha internal consistency coefficient, item-total correlation, and exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. The mean total score of the scale was 128.21±15.77 (min. 73, max. 165). The KMO value was 0.82, P=0.000, χ2=26444.80 and the factor analysis showed that the scale was three-dimensional. Item total score correlations were between 0.280-0.614. In the exploratory factor analysis, the item was removed from the scale since the factor load of item 7 was below 0.30. The Cronbach alpha value of the scale was 0.89. Confirmatory factor analysis fit indexes were χ2=1048.36, P<0.001; RMSEA=0.072; χ2/df=2.15; NFI=0.625; CFI=0.752; GFI=0.782; RMR=0.074. The results of the analysis were evaluated, the psychometric properties of the Family Empowerment Scale in the Turkish language was found to be a valid and reliable tool to measure the empowerment of parents.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Etik Beyan
The ethics committee approval of the study was granted by the decision of the Board of Directors of the Non-Interventional Clinical Researches Ethics Committee of the University (approval date: July 5, 2017, protocol code: 119). The objective of the study was conveyed to the participating parents and written consents were obtained. The author of the Turkish adaptation of the scale gave approval for use.
Destekleyen Kurum
İZmir Katip Çelebi University
Proje Numarası
2018-GAP-SABF-0005
Teşekkür
The authors thanks to all parents in this study. The manuscript was oral presented in congress of Sağlıklı Büyüyen Çocuk, November 2018, İzmir, Türkiye.
Kaynakça
- Akey TM, Marquis JG, Ross ME. 2000. Validatieon of scores on the psychological empowerment scale: a measure of empowerment for parents of children with a disability. Educ Psychol Meas, 60(3): 419-438.
- Burke MM. 2017. Examining empowerment, family–school partnerships, and advocacy among rural and urban Latino families of children with disabilities. Rural Spec Educ Q, 36(2): 56-63. https://doi.org/10.1177/8756870517707218
- Çapık C, Gözüm S, Aksayan S. 2018. Intercultural scale adaptation stages, language and culture adaptation: Updated guideline. Florence Nightingale J Nurs, 26(3): 199-210. Doi: 10.26650/fnjn397481
- Dempsey I, Dunst CJ. 2004. Help giving styles and parent empowerment in families with a young child with a disability. J Intellect Dev Disabil, 29(1): 40-51. https://doi.org/10.1080/13668250410001662874
- Esin N. 2014. Hemşirelikte Araştırma. Semra Erdoğan, Nursen Nahcivan, Nihan Esin, editör. 2. Baskı. İstanbul: Nobel Tıp Kitabevi, Türkiye, pp: 193-232.
- Florian V, Elad D. 1998. The impact of mothers' sense of empowerment on the metabolic control of their children with juvenile diabetes. J Pediatr Psychol, 23(4): 239-247. https://doi. org/10.1093/jpepsy/23.4.239
- Gibson CH. 1995. The process of empowerment in mothers of chronically ill children. J Adv Nurs, 21(6): 1201-1210. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365‐2648.1995.21061201.x
- Hallström I, Elander G. 2007. Families' needs when a child is long‐ term ill: A literature review with reference to nursing research. Int J Nurs Pract, 13(3): 193-200. https://doi.org/ 10.1111/j.1440‐172X.2007.00625.x
- Huscroft-D'Angelo J, Hurley KD, Lambert M, Trout AL. 2018. Investigating the factor structure and validity of the family empowerment scale for parents of children with emotional disturbance in middle school. Child Youth Serv Rev, 86: 14-20. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2018.01.013
- Jones TL, Prinz RJ. 2005. Potential roles of parental self-efficacy in parent and child adjustment: A review. Clin Psychol Rev, 25: 341-363. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2004.12.004
- Kageyama M, Nakamura Y. 2016. Validity and reliability of the family empowerment scale for caregivers of adults with mental health issues. J Psychiatr Ment Health Nurs, 23: 521-531. https://doi.org/10.1111/jpm.12333
- Ketelaar M, Kruijsen AJA, Verschuren O, Jongmans MJ, Gorter JW, Verheijden J. 2010. LEARN 2 MOVE 2‐3: A randomized controlled trial on the efficacy of child‐focused intervention and context‐focused intervention in preschool children with cerebral palsy. BMC Pediatr, 10(1): 1. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471‐2431‐10‐80
- Koren PE, DeChillo N, Friesen BJ. 1992. Measuring empowerment in families whose children have emotional disabilities: A brief questionnaire. Rehabil Psychol, 37(4): 305-321. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0079106
- Martínez K, Pérez E, Ramírez R, Canino G, Rand C. 2009. The role of caregivers' depressive symptoms and asthma beliefs on asthma outcomes among low‐income Puerto Rican children. J Asthma, 46(2): 136-141. https://doi.org/10.1080/02770900802492053
- McAllister JW, Keehn RM, Rodgers R, Mpofu PB, Monahan PO, Lock TM. 2018. Effects of a care coordination intervention with children with neurodevelopmental disabilities and their families. J Dev Behav Pediatr, 39(6): 471-480. https://doi.org/10.1097/DBP.0000000000000576
- Murray MM, Handyside LM, Straka LA, Arton-Titus TV. 2013. Parent empowerment: Connecting with preservice special education teachers. Sch Comm J, 23(1): 145-168.
- Payrovee Z, Kashaninia Z, Alireza-Mahdaviani S, Rezasoltani P. 2014. Effect of family empowerment on the quality of life of school‐aged children with asthma. Tanaffos, 13(1): 35-42.
- Sarı HY, Girli A. 2018. Özel eğitime gereksinimi olan çocuklar ve aile. Rıdvan Küçükali, editör. İçinde: Çocuk ve aile. Anı Yayıncılık, Ankara, Türkiye, pp: 311-314.
- Segers EW, van den Hoogen A, van Eerden IC, Hafsteinsdóttir T, Ketelaar M. 2019. Perspectives of parents and nurses on the content validity of the Family Empowerment Scale for parents of children with a chronic condition: A mixed‐methods study. Child Care Health Dev, 45(1): 111-120. https://doi.org/10.1111/cch.12629
- Smith J, Swallow V, Coyne I. 2015. Involving parents in managing their child's long‐term condition‐a concept synthesis of family‐ centered care and partnership‐in‐care. J Pediatr Nurs, 30(1): 143-159. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pedn.2014.10.014
- Swallow V, Lambert H, Santacroce S, Macfadyen A. 2011. Fathers and mothers developing skills in managing children's long‐term medical conditions: How do their qualitative accounts compare? Child Care Health Dev, 37(4): 512-523. https://doi.org/10.1111/ j.1365‐2214.2011.01219.x
- Tavşancıl E. 2014. Tutumların ölçülmesi ve SPSS ile veri analizi. 5. Baskı. Nobel, Ankara, Türkiye, pp: 19-25.
- Turan Gürhopur FD, İşler Dalgıç A. 2017. Zihinsel yetersiz çocuğu olan ebeveynlerde aile yükü. J Psychiatr Nurs, 8(1): 9-16. https://doi.org/10.14744/phd.2017.87609
- VanNess-Knolls ML, Tighe TA. 1996. The access Vermont initiative: Evaluating family empowerment. 9th Annual Research Conference: A System Care for Children’s Mental Health, February, 26-28, Tampa, US, pp: 1-6.
- Vuorenmaa M, Halme N, Åstedt‐Kurki P, Kaunonen M, Perälä ML. 2014. The validity and reliability of the Finnish Family Empowerment Scale (FES): A survey of parents with small children. Child Care Health Dev, 40(4): 597-606. https://doi.org/10.1111/cch.12081
- Wakimizu R, Yamaguchi K, Fujioka H. 2017. Family empowerment and quality of life of parents raising children with developmental disabilities in 78 Japanese families. Int J Nurs Sci, 4(1): 38-45. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnss.2016.12.004
Öz
The aim of this study is to investigate the psychometric properties of the Family Empowerment Scale in the Turkish language. The study was carried out with 223 parents of intellectually disabled children. Data were collected between February and September 2018 by using the “Family Knowledge Form” and the “Family Empowerment Scale”. The Family Empowerment Scale is a Likert type scale consisting of 34 items and a three-factor structure. The study evaluated the following; KMO values, Cronbach alpha internal consistency coefficient, item-total correlation, and exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. The mean total score of the scale was 128.21±15.77 (min. 73, max. 165). The KMO value was 0.82, P=0.000, χ2=26444.80 and the factor analysis showed that the scale was three-dimensional. Item total score correlations were between 0.280-0.614. In the exploratory factor analysis, the item was removed from the scale since the factor load of item 7 was below 0.30. The Cronbach alpha value of the scale was 0.89. Confirmatory factor analysis fit indexes were χ2=1048.36, P<0.001; RMSEA=0.072; χ2/df=2.15; NFI=0.625; CFI=0.752; GFI=0.782; RMR=0.074. The results of the analysis were evaluated, the psychometric properties of the Family Empowerment Scale in the Turkish language was found to be a valid and reliable tool to measure the empowerment of parents.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Etik Beyan
The ethics committee approval of the study was granted by the decision of the Board of Directors of the Non-Interventional Clinical Researches Ethics Committee of the University (approval date: July 5, 2017, protocol code: 119). The objective of the study was conveyed to the participating parents and written consents were obtained. The author of the Turkish adaptation of the scale gave approval for use.
Proje Numarası
2018-GAP-SABF-0005
Teşekkür
The authors thanks to all parents in this study. The manuscript was oral presented in congress of Sağlıklı Büyüyen Çocuk, November 2018, İzmir, Türkiye.
Kaynakça
- Akey TM, Marquis JG, Ross ME. 2000. Validatieon of scores on the psychological empowerment scale: a measure of empowerment for parents of children with a disability. Educ Psychol Meas, 60(3): 419-438.
- Burke MM. 2017. Examining empowerment, family–school partnerships, and advocacy among rural and urban Latino families of children with disabilities. Rural Spec Educ Q, 36(2): 56-63. https://doi.org/10.1177/8756870517707218
- Çapık C, Gözüm S, Aksayan S. 2018. Intercultural scale adaptation stages, language and culture adaptation: Updated guideline. Florence Nightingale J Nurs, 26(3): 199-210. Doi: 10.26650/fnjn397481
- Dempsey I, Dunst CJ. 2004. Help giving styles and parent empowerment in families with a young child with a disability. J Intellect Dev Disabil, 29(1): 40-51. https://doi.org/10.1080/13668250410001662874
- Esin N. 2014. Hemşirelikte Araştırma. Semra Erdoğan, Nursen Nahcivan, Nihan Esin, editör. 2. Baskı. İstanbul: Nobel Tıp Kitabevi, Türkiye, pp: 193-232.
- Florian V, Elad D. 1998. The impact of mothers' sense of empowerment on the metabolic control of their children with juvenile diabetes. J Pediatr Psychol, 23(4): 239-247. https://doi. org/10.1093/jpepsy/23.4.239
- Gibson CH. 1995. The process of empowerment in mothers of chronically ill children. J Adv Nurs, 21(6): 1201-1210. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365‐2648.1995.21061201.x
- Hallström I, Elander G. 2007. Families' needs when a child is long‐ term ill: A literature review with reference to nursing research. Int J Nurs Pract, 13(3): 193-200. https://doi.org/ 10.1111/j.1440‐172X.2007.00625.x
- Huscroft-D'Angelo J, Hurley KD, Lambert M, Trout AL. 2018. Investigating the factor structure and validity of the family empowerment scale for parents of children with emotional disturbance in middle school. Child Youth Serv Rev, 86: 14-20. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2018.01.013
- Jones TL, Prinz RJ. 2005. Potential roles of parental self-efficacy in parent and child adjustment: A review. Clin Psychol Rev, 25: 341-363. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2004.12.004
- Kageyama M, Nakamura Y. 2016. Validity and reliability of the family empowerment scale for caregivers of adults with mental health issues. J Psychiatr Ment Health Nurs, 23: 521-531. https://doi.org/10.1111/jpm.12333
- Ketelaar M, Kruijsen AJA, Verschuren O, Jongmans MJ, Gorter JW, Verheijden J. 2010. LEARN 2 MOVE 2‐3: A randomized controlled trial on the efficacy of child‐focused intervention and context‐focused intervention in preschool children with cerebral palsy. BMC Pediatr, 10(1): 1. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471‐2431‐10‐80
- Koren PE, DeChillo N, Friesen BJ. 1992. Measuring empowerment in families whose children have emotional disabilities: A brief questionnaire. Rehabil Psychol, 37(4): 305-321. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0079106
- Martínez K, Pérez E, Ramírez R, Canino G, Rand C. 2009. The role of caregivers' depressive symptoms and asthma beliefs on asthma outcomes among low‐income Puerto Rican children. J Asthma, 46(2): 136-141. https://doi.org/10.1080/02770900802492053
- McAllister JW, Keehn RM, Rodgers R, Mpofu PB, Monahan PO, Lock TM. 2018. Effects of a care coordination intervention with children with neurodevelopmental disabilities and their families. J Dev Behav Pediatr, 39(6): 471-480. https://doi.org/10.1097/DBP.0000000000000576
- Murray MM, Handyside LM, Straka LA, Arton-Titus TV. 2013. Parent empowerment: Connecting with preservice special education teachers. Sch Comm J, 23(1): 145-168.
- Payrovee Z, Kashaninia Z, Alireza-Mahdaviani S, Rezasoltani P. 2014. Effect of family empowerment on the quality of life of school‐aged children with asthma. Tanaffos, 13(1): 35-42.
- Sarı HY, Girli A. 2018. Özel eğitime gereksinimi olan çocuklar ve aile. Rıdvan Küçükali, editör. İçinde: Çocuk ve aile. Anı Yayıncılık, Ankara, Türkiye, pp: 311-314.
- Segers EW, van den Hoogen A, van Eerden IC, Hafsteinsdóttir T, Ketelaar M. 2019. Perspectives of parents and nurses on the content validity of the Family Empowerment Scale for parents of children with a chronic condition: A mixed‐methods study. Child Care Health Dev, 45(1): 111-120. https://doi.org/10.1111/cch.12629
- Smith J, Swallow V, Coyne I. 2015. Involving parents in managing their child's long‐term condition‐a concept synthesis of family‐ centered care and partnership‐in‐care. J Pediatr Nurs, 30(1): 143-159. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pedn.2014.10.014
- Swallow V, Lambert H, Santacroce S, Macfadyen A. 2011. Fathers and mothers developing skills in managing children's long‐term medical conditions: How do their qualitative accounts compare? Child Care Health Dev, 37(4): 512-523. https://doi.org/10.1111/ j.1365‐2214.2011.01219.x
- Tavşancıl E. 2014. Tutumların ölçülmesi ve SPSS ile veri analizi. 5. Baskı. Nobel, Ankara, Türkiye, pp: 19-25.
- Turan Gürhopur FD, İşler Dalgıç A. 2017. Zihinsel yetersiz çocuğu olan ebeveynlerde aile yükü. J Psychiatr Nurs, 8(1): 9-16. https://doi.org/10.14744/phd.2017.87609
- VanNess-Knolls ML, Tighe TA. 1996. The access Vermont initiative: Evaluating family empowerment. 9th Annual Research Conference: A System Care for Children’s Mental Health, February, 26-28, Tampa, US, pp: 1-6.
- Vuorenmaa M, Halme N, Åstedt‐Kurki P, Kaunonen M, Perälä ML. 2014. The validity and reliability of the Finnish Family Empowerment Scale (FES): A survey of parents with small children. Child Care Health Dev, 40(4): 597-606. https://doi.org/10.1111/cch.12081
- Wakimizu R, Yamaguchi K, Fujioka H. 2017. Family empowerment and quality of life of parents raising children with developmental disabilities in 78 Japanese families. Int J Nurs Sci, 4(1): 38-45. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnss.2016.12.004
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | İngilizce |
|---|---|
| Konular | Çocuk Sağlığı ve Hastalıkları Hemşireliği |
| Bölüm | Araştırma Makalesi |
| Yazarlar | |
| Proje Numarası | 2018-GAP-SABF-0005 |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 15 Mayıs 2025 |
| Gönderilme Tarihi | 16 Ocak 2025 |
| Kabul Tarihi | 27 Şubat 2025 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2025 Cilt: 8 Sayı: 3 |
