Araştırma Makalesi
BibTex RIS Kaynak Göster

Frequency of Falls and Quality of Life in Individuals Diagnosed with Cataract

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 12 Sayı: 2, 207 - 216, 27.06.2025
https://doi.org/10.34087/cbusbed.1375892

Öz

Objective: The aim of the study is to determine the quality of life and frequency of falls in individuals diagnosed with cataracts.
Materials and Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study included 215 individuals who applied for cataract surgery to the ophthalmology clinic of a university hospital in Turkey. Personal information form, International Fall Activity Scale (FES-I), Activity of Daily Living Scale, and SF-12 scale were used in data collection.
Results: It was determined that 27.4% of the patients had previously fallen, and the average number of falls was 1.81±1.40. The fall risk for the research group was found to be 34.9% according to FES-I. The average summary score points for individuals in the SF-12 physical and mental categories (respectively; 41.48±6.37, 44.95±6.50) were found to be low.
Conclusion: As a result of the study, it was found that cataracts reduce the quality of life of individuals, and the FES-I fall efficacy scale score and fall risk were found to be low. Individuals at high risk of falling were determined to have low quality of life. In addition, it was observed that cataracts affect daily and social life.

Proje Numarası

yok

Kaynakça

  • 1. Lee, CM, Afshari, N.A, The global state of cataract blindness, Current Opinion in Ophthalmology, 2017, 28(1), 98-103.
  • 2. GBD 2019 Blindness and Vision Impairment Collaborators; Vision Loss Expert Group of the Global Burden of Disease Study. Causes of blindness and vision impairment in 2020 and trends over 30 years, and prevalence of avoidable blindness in relation to VISION 2020: the Right to Sight: an analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study [published correction appears in Lancet Global Health 2021,9(4), e408], The Lancet Global Health 2021, 9(2), e144-e160.
  • 3. Xu, T, Wang, B, Liu, H, Wang, H, Yin, P, Dong, et al., Prevalence and causes of vision loss in China from 1990 to 2019: findings from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019, The Lancet. Public Health, 2020, 5(12), e682-e691.
  • 4. Liu, Y.C, Wilkins, M, Kim, T, Malyugin B, Mehta J.S, Cataracts, Lancet (London, England) 2017, 390(10094), 600-612.
  • 5. Lamoureux, E.L, Hassell, J.B, Keeffe, J.E, The determinants of participation in activities of daily living in people with impaired vision, American Journal of Ophthalmology 2004, 137(2), 265-270.
  • 6. Gutiérrez-Robledo, L.M, Villasís-Keever, M.A, Avila-Avila, A, Medina-Campos, R.H, Castrejón-Pérez, R.C, García-Peña C, Effect of cataract surgery on frequency of falls among older persons: A systematic review and meta-analysis, Journal of Ophthalmology, 2021, 2021, 2169571.
  • 7. Enderlin, C, Rooker, J, Ball, S, Hippensteel, D, Alderman, J, Fisher, S.J, et al., Summary of factors contributing to falls in older adults and nursing implications, Geriatric Nursing (New York, N.Y.), 2015, 36(5), 397-406.
  • 8. Vaishya, R, Vaish, A, Falls in older adults are serious, Indian Journal of Orthopaedics 2020, 54(1), 69-74.
  • 9. Chu, L.W, Chi, I, Chiu, A.Y, Incidence and predictors of falls in the chinese elderly. Annals of the Academy of Medicine, Singapore, 2005, 34(1), 60-72.
  • 10. Ambrose, A.F, Paul, G, Hausdorff, J.M, Risk factors for falls among older adults: a review of the literature, Maturitas, 2013, 75(1), 51-61.
  • 11. Shaw, L, Kiegaldie, D, Farlie, M.K, Education interventions for health professionals on falls prevention in health care settings: a 10-year scoping review, BMC Geriatrics, 2020, 20(1), 460 . 12. Zhao, Y.L, Bott, M, He, J, Kim, H, Park, S.H, Dunton, N, Evidence on Fall and Injurious Fall prevention interventions in acute care hospitals, The Journal of Nursing Administration, 2019, 49(2), 86-92.
  • 13. Menezes, C, Vilaca, K.H.C, de Menezes, R.L, Fall and quality of life of people with cataracts, Revista Brasileira de Oftalmologia, 2016, 75(1), 40-44.
  • 14. Palagyi, A, Morlet, N, McCluskey, P, White, A, Meuleners, L, Ng, J.Q, et al., Visual and refractive associations with falls after first-eye cataract surgery, Journal of Cataract and Refractive Surgery, 2017, 43(10), 1313-1321.
  • 15. Krauss, M.J, Evanoff, B, Hitcho, E, Ngugi, K.E, Dunagan W.C, Fischer I, et al., A case-control study of patient, medication, and care-related risk factors for inpatient falls, Journal of General Internal Medicine, 2005, 20(2), 116-122.
  • 16. Zhu, M, Yu, J, Zhang, J, Yan, Q, Liu, Y, Evaluating vision-related quality of life in preoperative age-related cataract patients and analyzing its influencing factors in China: a cross-sectional study, BMC Ophthalmology, 2015, 15, 160.
  • 17. Evans, D, Hodgkinson, B, Lambert, L, Wood, J, Falls risk factors in the hospital setting: a systematic review, International Journal of Nursing Practice, 2001, 7(1), 38-45.
  • 18. Milutinović, D, Martinov-Cvejin, M, Simić, S, Patients' falls and injuries during hospitalization as quality indicators of work in hospitals, Medicinski Pregled, 2009, 62(5-6), 249-257.
  • 19. Katz, S, Ford, A.B, Moskowitz, R.W, Jackson, B.A, Jaffe, M.W, Studies of illness in the aged. The index of adl: a standardized measure of biological and psychosocial function, JAMA 1963, 185, 914–919.
  • 20. Arik, G, Varan, H.D, Yavuz, B.B, Karabulut, E, Kara, O, Kilic, M.K, et al., Validation of Katz index of independence in activities of daily living in Turkish older adults, Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics, 2015, 61(3), 344-350.
  • 21. Lawton, M.P, Brody, E.M, Assessment of older people: self-maintaining and instrumental activities of daily living, The Gerontologist, 1969, 9(3), 179-186.
  • 22. Isik, E.I, Yilmaz, S, Uysal, I, Basar. S. Adaptation of the Lawton Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Scale to Turkish: Validity and Reliability Study. Annals of Geriatric Medicine and Research 2020, 24(1), 35-40.
  • 23. Ulus, Y, Durmus, D, Akyol, Y, Terzi, Y, Bilgici, A, Kuru, O, Reliability and validity of the Turkish version of the Falls Efficacy Scale International (FES-I) in community-dwelling older persons. Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics, 2012, 54(3), 429-433.
  • 24. Soysal, Gündüz, Ö, Mutlu, S, Aslan, Basli, A, Gül, C, Akgül, Ö, Yilmaz, E, et al., Validation of the Turkish Form of Short Form-12 health survey version 2 (SF-12v2), Archives of Rheumatology, 2021, 36(2), 280-286.
  • 25. Gholami, A, Araghi, MT, Shamsabadi, F, Bayat, M, Dabirkhani, F, Moradpour, F, et al., Application of the World Health Organization Quality of Life Instrument, Short Form (WHOQOL-BREF) to patients with cataract, Epidemiology and Health, 2016, 38, e2016005.
  • 26. Xue, W.W, Zhang, P, Zou, H.D, Responsiveness and minimal clinically important difference of the Chinese version of the Low Vision Quality of Life Questionnaire after cataract surgery, International Journal of Ophthalmology, 2019, 12(3), 504-509.
  • 27. Wu, T.Y, Chie, W.C, Yang, R.S, Liu, J.P, Kuo, K.L, Wong W.K, Liaw, C.K, Factors associated with falls among community-dwelling older people in Taiwan, Annals of the Academy of Medicine, Singapore, 2013, 42(7), 320-327.
  • 28. Krishnaiah, S, Ramanathan, R.V, Impact of blindness due to cataract in elderly fallers: findings from a cross-sectional study in Andhra Pradesh, South India, BMC Research Notes, 2018, 11(1), 773.
  • 29. To, K.G, Meuleners, L, Bulsara, M, Fraser, M.L, Duong, D.V, Do, D.V, et al., A longitudinal cohort study of the impact of first- and both-eye cataract surgery on falls and other injuries in Vietnam, Clinical Interventions in Aging, 2014, 9, 743-751.
  • 30. Saftari, L.N, Kwon, O.S. Ageing vision and falls: a review. Journal of Physiological Anthropology, 2018,37(1), 11.
  • 31. White, U.E, Black, A.A, Wood, J.M, Delbaere, K, Fear of falling in vision impairment. Official Publication of the American Academy of Optometry, 2015, 92(6), 730-735.
  • 32. Brown, J.C, Goldstein, J.E, Chan, T.L, Massof, R, Ramulu, P, Low Vision Research Network Study Group, Characterizing functional complaints in patients seeking outpatient low-vision services in the United States, Ophthalmology, 2014, 121(8), 1655-62.e1.
  • 33. Whitson, H.E, Malhotra, R, Chan, A, Matchar, D.B, Østbye, T, Comorbid visual and cognitive impairment: relationship with disability status and self-rated health among older Singaporeans, Asia-Pacific Journal of Public Health, 2014, 26(3), 310-319.
  • 34. Kee, Q.T, Abd, Rahman, M.H, Mohamad, Fadzil, N, Mohammed, Z, Shahar, S, The impact of near visual impairment on instrumental activities of daily living among community-dwelling older adults in Selangor, BMC Research Notes, 2021, 14(1), 395.
  • 35. Cypel, M.C, Salomão, S.R, Dantas, P.E.C, Lottenberg, C.L, Kasahara N, Ramos, L.R, et al., Vision status, ophthalmic assessment, and quality of life in the very old, Arquivos Brasileiros de Oftalmologia, 2017, 80(3), 159-164.
  • 36. Garcia-Gutierrez, S, Quintana, J.M, Aguire, U, Barrio, I, Las, Hayas, C, Gonzalez, N, et al., Impact of clinical and patient-reported outcomes on patient satisfaction with cataract extraction, Health Expectations: An International Journal of Public Participation in Health Care and Health Policy, 2014, 17(6), 765-775.
  • 37. Hong, T, Mitchell, P, Fong, C.S, Rochtchina, E, de Loryn, T, Wang, J.J, Patients' short-term satisfaction with cataract surgery and long-term sustainability of ımproved visual-related quality of life over 3 postoperative years, Asia-Pacific Journal of Ophthalmology (Philadelphia, Pa.), 2014, 3(2), 83-87.

Katarakt Tanısı Konulan Bireylerde Düşme Sıklığı ve Yaşam Kalitesi

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 12 Sayı: 2, 207 - 216, 27.06.2025
https://doi.org/10.34087/cbusbed.1375892

Öz

Giriş ve Amaç: Çalışmanın amacı katarakt tanısı alan bireylerde yaşam kalitesi ve düşme sıklığının belirlenmesidir.
Gereç ve Yöntemler: Tanımlayıcı ve kesitsel tipteki çalışmaya Türkiye'de bir üniversite hastanesinin göz kliniğine katarakt tanısı ile ameliyat için başvuran 215 birey dahil edildi. Verilerin toplanmasında kişisel bilgi formu, Uluslararası Düşme Etkinlik Ölçeği (FES-I), Günlük Yaşam Aktivitesi Ölçeği ve SF-12 ölçeği kullanıldı.
Bulgular: Hastaların %27,4’ünün daha önce düştüğü ve ortalama düşme sayısının 1,81±1,40 olduğu saptandı. Araştırma grubunun düşme riskinin FES-I’e göre %34,9 olduğu belirlendi. Bireylerin SF-12 fiziksel ve mental özet skor puan ortalamaları (sırasıyla; 41,48±6,37, 44,95±6,50) düşük olduğu bulundu.
Sonuç: Çalışma sonucunda kataraktın bireylerin yaşam kalitesini düşürdüğü ve FES-I düşme etkinlik ölçeği puanı ve düşme riski düşük bulundu. Düşme riski yüksek bireylerin yaşam kaliteleri düşük olarak belirlendi. Ayrıca kataraktın günlük ve sosyal yaşamı etkilediği görüldü.

Etik Beyan

Manisa Celal Bayar Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Sağlık Bilimleri Etik Kurulu (02/05/2018 tarih ve 20,478,486 no) ve çalışmanın yürütüldüğü hastaneden izin alındı.

Destekleyen Kurum

----

Proje Numarası

yok

Kaynakça

  • 1. Lee, CM, Afshari, N.A, The global state of cataract blindness, Current Opinion in Ophthalmology, 2017, 28(1), 98-103.
  • 2. GBD 2019 Blindness and Vision Impairment Collaborators; Vision Loss Expert Group of the Global Burden of Disease Study. Causes of blindness and vision impairment in 2020 and trends over 30 years, and prevalence of avoidable blindness in relation to VISION 2020: the Right to Sight: an analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study [published correction appears in Lancet Global Health 2021,9(4), e408], The Lancet Global Health 2021, 9(2), e144-e160.
  • 3. Xu, T, Wang, B, Liu, H, Wang, H, Yin, P, Dong, et al., Prevalence and causes of vision loss in China from 1990 to 2019: findings from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019, The Lancet. Public Health, 2020, 5(12), e682-e691.
  • 4. Liu, Y.C, Wilkins, M, Kim, T, Malyugin B, Mehta J.S, Cataracts, Lancet (London, England) 2017, 390(10094), 600-612.
  • 5. Lamoureux, E.L, Hassell, J.B, Keeffe, J.E, The determinants of participation in activities of daily living in people with impaired vision, American Journal of Ophthalmology 2004, 137(2), 265-270.
  • 6. Gutiérrez-Robledo, L.M, Villasís-Keever, M.A, Avila-Avila, A, Medina-Campos, R.H, Castrejón-Pérez, R.C, García-Peña C, Effect of cataract surgery on frequency of falls among older persons: A systematic review and meta-analysis, Journal of Ophthalmology, 2021, 2021, 2169571.
  • 7. Enderlin, C, Rooker, J, Ball, S, Hippensteel, D, Alderman, J, Fisher, S.J, et al., Summary of factors contributing to falls in older adults and nursing implications, Geriatric Nursing (New York, N.Y.), 2015, 36(5), 397-406.
  • 8. Vaishya, R, Vaish, A, Falls in older adults are serious, Indian Journal of Orthopaedics 2020, 54(1), 69-74.
  • 9. Chu, L.W, Chi, I, Chiu, A.Y, Incidence and predictors of falls in the chinese elderly. Annals of the Academy of Medicine, Singapore, 2005, 34(1), 60-72.
  • 10. Ambrose, A.F, Paul, G, Hausdorff, J.M, Risk factors for falls among older adults: a review of the literature, Maturitas, 2013, 75(1), 51-61.
  • 11. Shaw, L, Kiegaldie, D, Farlie, M.K, Education interventions for health professionals on falls prevention in health care settings: a 10-year scoping review, BMC Geriatrics, 2020, 20(1), 460 . 12. Zhao, Y.L, Bott, M, He, J, Kim, H, Park, S.H, Dunton, N, Evidence on Fall and Injurious Fall prevention interventions in acute care hospitals, The Journal of Nursing Administration, 2019, 49(2), 86-92.
  • 13. Menezes, C, Vilaca, K.H.C, de Menezes, R.L, Fall and quality of life of people with cataracts, Revista Brasileira de Oftalmologia, 2016, 75(1), 40-44.
  • 14. Palagyi, A, Morlet, N, McCluskey, P, White, A, Meuleners, L, Ng, J.Q, et al., Visual and refractive associations with falls after first-eye cataract surgery, Journal of Cataract and Refractive Surgery, 2017, 43(10), 1313-1321.
  • 15. Krauss, M.J, Evanoff, B, Hitcho, E, Ngugi, K.E, Dunagan W.C, Fischer I, et al., A case-control study of patient, medication, and care-related risk factors for inpatient falls, Journal of General Internal Medicine, 2005, 20(2), 116-122.
  • 16. Zhu, M, Yu, J, Zhang, J, Yan, Q, Liu, Y, Evaluating vision-related quality of life in preoperative age-related cataract patients and analyzing its influencing factors in China: a cross-sectional study, BMC Ophthalmology, 2015, 15, 160.
  • 17. Evans, D, Hodgkinson, B, Lambert, L, Wood, J, Falls risk factors in the hospital setting: a systematic review, International Journal of Nursing Practice, 2001, 7(1), 38-45.
  • 18. Milutinović, D, Martinov-Cvejin, M, Simić, S, Patients' falls and injuries during hospitalization as quality indicators of work in hospitals, Medicinski Pregled, 2009, 62(5-6), 249-257.
  • 19. Katz, S, Ford, A.B, Moskowitz, R.W, Jackson, B.A, Jaffe, M.W, Studies of illness in the aged. The index of adl: a standardized measure of biological and psychosocial function, JAMA 1963, 185, 914–919.
  • 20. Arik, G, Varan, H.D, Yavuz, B.B, Karabulut, E, Kara, O, Kilic, M.K, et al., Validation of Katz index of independence in activities of daily living in Turkish older adults, Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics, 2015, 61(3), 344-350.
  • 21. Lawton, M.P, Brody, E.M, Assessment of older people: self-maintaining and instrumental activities of daily living, The Gerontologist, 1969, 9(3), 179-186.
  • 22. Isik, E.I, Yilmaz, S, Uysal, I, Basar. S. Adaptation of the Lawton Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Scale to Turkish: Validity and Reliability Study. Annals of Geriatric Medicine and Research 2020, 24(1), 35-40.
  • 23. Ulus, Y, Durmus, D, Akyol, Y, Terzi, Y, Bilgici, A, Kuru, O, Reliability and validity of the Turkish version of the Falls Efficacy Scale International (FES-I) in community-dwelling older persons. Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics, 2012, 54(3), 429-433.
  • 24. Soysal, Gündüz, Ö, Mutlu, S, Aslan, Basli, A, Gül, C, Akgül, Ö, Yilmaz, E, et al., Validation of the Turkish Form of Short Form-12 health survey version 2 (SF-12v2), Archives of Rheumatology, 2021, 36(2), 280-286.
  • 25. Gholami, A, Araghi, MT, Shamsabadi, F, Bayat, M, Dabirkhani, F, Moradpour, F, et al., Application of the World Health Organization Quality of Life Instrument, Short Form (WHOQOL-BREF) to patients with cataract, Epidemiology and Health, 2016, 38, e2016005.
  • 26. Xue, W.W, Zhang, P, Zou, H.D, Responsiveness and minimal clinically important difference of the Chinese version of the Low Vision Quality of Life Questionnaire after cataract surgery, International Journal of Ophthalmology, 2019, 12(3), 504-509.
  • 27. Wu, T.Y, Chie, W.C, Yang, R.S, Liu, J.P, Kuo, K.L, Wong W.K, Liaw, C.K, Factors associated with falls among community-dwelling older people in Taiwan, Annals of the Academy of Medicine, Singapore, 2013, 42(7), 320-327.
  • 28. Krishnaiah, S, Ramanathan, R.V, Impact of blindness due to cataract in elderly fallers: findings from a cross-sectional study in Andhra Pradesh, South India, BMC Research Notes, 2018, 11(1), 773.
  • 29. To, K.G, Meuleners, L, Bulsara, M, Fraser, M.L, Duong, D.V, Do, D.V, et al., A longitudinal cohort study of the impact of first- and both-eye cataract surgery on falls and other injuries in Vietnam, Clinical Interventions in Aging, 2014, 9, 743-751.
  • 30. Saftari, L.N, Kwon, O.S. Ageing vision and falls: a review. Journal of Physiological Anthropology, 2018,37(1), 11.
  • 31. White, U.E, Black, A.A, Wood, J.M, Delbaere, K, Fear of falling in vision impairment. Official Publication of the American Academy of Optometry, 2015, 92(6), 730-735.
  • 32. Brown, J.C, Goldstein, J.E, Chan, T.L, Massof, R, Ramulu, P, Low Vision Research Network Study Group, Characterizing functional complaints in patients seeking outpatient low-vision services in the United States, Ophthalmology, 2014, 121(8), 1655-62.e1.
  • 33. Whitson, H.E, Malhotra, R, Chan, A, Matchar, D.B, Østbye, T, Comorbid visual and cognitive impairment: relationship with disability status and self-rated health among older Singaporeans, Asia-Pacific Journal of Public Health, 2014, 26(3), 310-319.
  • 34. Kee, Q.T, Abd, Rahman, M.H, Mohamad, Fadzil, N, Mohammed, Z, Shahar, S, The impact of near visual impairment on instrumental activities of daily living among community-dwelling older adults in Selangor, BMC Research Notes, 2021, 14(1), 395.
  • 35. Cypel, M.C, Salomão, S.R, Dantas, P.E.C, Lottenberg, C.L, Kasahara N, Ramos, L.R, et al., Vision status, ophthalmic assessment, and quality of life in the very old, Arquivos Brasileiros de Oftalmologia, 2017, 80(3), 159-164.
  • 36. Garcia-Gutierrez, S, Quintana, J.M, Aguire, U, Barrio, I, Las, Hayas, C, Gonzalez, N, et al., Impact of clinical and patient-reported outcomes on patient satisfaction with cataract extraction, Health Expectations: An International Journal of Public Participation in Health Care and Health Policy, 2014, 17(6), 765-775.
  • 37. Hong, T, Mitchell, P, Fong, C.S, Rochtchina, E, de Loryn, T, Wang, J.J, Patients' short-term satisfaction with cataract surgery and long-term sustainability of ımproved visual-related quality of life over 3 postoperative years, Asia-Pacific Journal of Ophthalmology (Philadelphia, Pa.), 2014, 3(2), 83-87.
Toplam 36 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Göz Hastalıkları ve Göz Ölçümleri (Diğer)
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Çiğdem Özdemir 0009-0006-9127-5537

Emel Yılmaz 0000-0002-5127-6651

Proje Numarası yok
Yayımlanma Tarihi 27 Haziran 2025
Gönderilme Tarihi 14 Ekim 2023
Kabul Tarihi 10 Kasım 2023
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2025 Cilt: 12 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Özdemir, Ç., & Yılmaz, E. (2025). Katarakt Tanısı Konulan Bireylerde Düşme Sıklığı ve Yaşam Kalitesi. Celal Bayar Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi, 12(2), 207-216. https://doi.org/10.34087/cbusbed.1375892
AMA Özdemir Ç, Yılmaz E. Katarakt Tanısı Konulan Bireylerde Düşme Sıklığı ve Yaşam Kalitesi. CBU-SBED. Haziran 2025;12(2):207-216. doi:10.34087/cbusbed.1375892
Chicago Özdemir, Çiğdem, ve Emel Yılmaz. “Katarakt Tanısı Konulan Bireylerde Düşme Sıklığı Ve Yaşam Kalitesi”. Celal Bayar Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi 12, sy. 2 (Haziran 2025): 207-16. https://doi.org/10.34087/cbusbed.1375892.
EndNote Özdemir Ç, Yılmaz E (01 Haziran 2025) Katarakt Tanısı Konulan Bireylerde Düşme Sıklığı ve Yaşam Kalitesi. Celal Bayar Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi 12 2 207–216.
IEEE Ç. Özdemir ve E. Yılmaz, “Katarakt Tanısı Konulan Bireylerde Düşme Sıklığı ve Yaşam Kalitesi”, CBU-SBED, c. 12, sy. 2, ss. 207–216, 2025, doi: 10.34087/cbusbed.1375892.
ISNAD Özdemir, Çiğdem - Yılmaz, Emel. “Katarakt Tanısı Konulan Bireylerde Düşme Sıklığı Ve Yaşam Kalitesi”. Celal Bayar Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi 12/2 (Haziran 2025), 207-216. https://doi.org/10.34087/cbusbed.1375892.
JAMA Özdemir Ç, Yılmaz E. Katarakt Tanısı Konulan Bireylerde Düşme Sıklığı ve Yaşam Kalitesi. CBU-SBED. 2025;12:207–216.
MLA Özdemir, Çiğdem ve Emel Yılmaz. “Katarakt Tanısı Konulan Bireylerde Düşme Sıklığı Ve Yaşam Kalitesi”. Celal Bayar Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi, c. 12, sy. 2, 2025, ss. 207-16, doi:10.34087/cbusbed.1375892.
Vancouver Özdemir Ç, Yılmaz E. Katarakt Tanısı Konulan Bireylerde Düşme Sıklığı ve Yaşam Kalitesi. CBU-SBED. 2025;12(2):207-16.