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Attitudes and Perceived Barriers of Nurses Working in The Intensive Care Unit Towards Evidence-Based Nursing

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 12 Sayı: 2, 228 - 238, 27.06.2025

Yağmur Barman Ünal , Hatice Demirdağ

https://doi.org/10.34087/cbusbed.1463243

Öz

Aim; Evidence-based nursing is the main point of high-quality care in the intensive care unit. Studies analyzing evidence-based nursing practices and barriers are also integral to quality improvement to support evidence-based care. This study aimed to determine the relationship between the attitudes of nurses working in an intensive care unit towards evidence-based nursing and their perceived barriers.
Method; This descriptive and relationship study sample consisted of 129 nurses working in intensive care units of a city hospital. The data were collected with the "Nurse Information Form," "Attitude Towards Evidence-Based Nursing Scale," and "Barriers Scale". Data analysis was performed using the SPSS 27.0 program. Data were evaluated at p<0.05 significance level.
Results; The mean score of the nurses' attitude scale towards evidence-based nursing was 61.93± 6.35. It was found that most of the nurses who participated in the study were aware of scientific activities and participated in research processes. It was found that the attitudes of nurses whose educational level was undergraduate and graduate, who wanted to participate in research processes, and who participated in scientific organisations with papers and as listeners were high. It was found that the nurses who participated in the study perceived a high level of barriers and there was a weak negative relationship between their attitudes towards evidence-based nursing and the barriers they perceived.
Conclusion; Nurses working in intensive care units have high attitudes towards evidence-based nursing. There is a weak negative relationship between their attitudes towards evidence-based nursing and their perceived barriers.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Nursing Evidence-based care Intensive care Intensive care nursing

Kaynakça

  • 1. Ongün, P, Ayoğlu, T, Öztürk, Kandemir, D, Akyüz, N, Evidence-Based Practices of Surgical Unit Executive Nurses and Barriers and Suggestions for the Use of Research Results: A Descriptive Study, Turkiye Clinics Journal of Nursing Sciences, 2022,14(1),35-42
  • 2. Melnyk, B.M, Fineout-Overholt, E, Evidence-based practice in nursing and healthcare: A guide to best practice (3rd ed). Philadelphia, PA: Wolters Kluwer Health; 2015
  • 3. Tayebi, Myaneh, Z, Azadi, M, Hosseinigolafshani, S.Z, Rashvand, F, Effect of evidence-based nursing care guidelines on patients' quality of care in neurosurgical intensive care units. Journal of Inflammatory Diseases, 2020, 24(1),56-67.
  • 4. Karateke, Y, Terzi, B, Investigation of the effectiveness of oral care to prevent ventilator-associated pneumonia (VIP) in patients connected to mechanical ventilators in intensive care units: a systematic review, Journal of Intensive Care Nursing, 2021, 25(1), 1-9.
  • 5. Florczak, K.L, Evidence or clinician asking the person: who should be at the center?, Nurs Sci Q, 2017,30(1),17-20.
  • 6. Al Khalaileh, M, Al Qadire, M, Musa, A.S, Al-Khawaldeh, O.A, Al Qudah, H, Alhabahbeh, A, Closing the Gap between Research Evidence and Clinical Practice: Jordanian Nurses' Perceived Barriers to Research Utilisation, Journal of Education and Practice, 2016,7(8),52-57.
  • 7. Bianchi, M, Bagnasco, A, Bressan, V, Barisone, M, Timmins, F, et al, A review of the role of nurse leadership in promoting and sustaining evidence-based practice, Journal of Nursing Management, 2018,26(8),918-932.
  • 8. Official Gazette (8.3.2010, Issue: 27515) numbered Nursing Regulation; 2010. [Access date: 1.11.2020].
  • 9. Morton, P.G, Thurman, P, Critical care nursing: a holistic approach, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.2023
  • 10. Esfandani, K, Aliyari, S, Pishgooei, A.H, Ebadi, A, Promoting critical care nurses' information literacy through an evidence-based practice workshop: a quasi-experimental study. Journal of Critical Care Nursing, 2017,10(2),1-6.
  • 11. Ludin, S.M, Does good critical thinking equal effective decision-making among critical care nurses? A cross-sectional survey, Intensive Crit Care Nurs, 2018, 44(44),1-10.
  • 12. Ghanbari, A, Rahmatpour, P, Salehzade, A.H, Pasban, M, Nurses' perceptions about facilitators and barriers of implementation of evidence-based practice, Research in Medical education, 2015, 7(2), 29-36.
  • 13. Sving, E, Fredriksson, L, Mamhidir, A.G, Marieann, H, Lena, G, A multifaceted intervention for evidence-based pressure ulcer prevention: a 3-year follow-up, JBI Evidence Implementation, 2020,18(4),391-400.
  • 14. Jarding, E.K, Makic, M.B.F, Central line care and management: adopting evidence-based nursing interventions, Journal of PeriAnesthesia Nursing, 2021,36(4),328-333.
  • 15. Gaspar, M.D.D.R, Rinaldi, E.C.A, Mello, R.G, Dos, Santos, F.A, Nadal, J.M, Cabral, L.P.A, et. al, Impact of evidence-based bundles on ventilator-associated pneumonia prevention: A systematic review. The Journal of Infection in Developing Countries, 2023,17(02),194-201.
  • 16. Ahmed, Sayed, Z, Effect of Evidence-Based Sepsis Care Bundle on Patient Outcome in Medical Intensive Care Unit, Egyptian Journal of Health Care, 2020,11(2),826-836.
  • 17. Collins, T, Plowright, C, Gibson, Stayt, L, Clarke, S, et al, British Association of Critical Care Nurses: Evidence-based consensus paper for oral care within adult critical care units, Nursing in Critical Care, 2021, 26(4), 224-33.
  • 18. Ay, F, Gençtürk, N, Turan, Miral, M, Barriers that prevent implementation of research findings in nursing: Education-research hospitals case, International Journal of Nursing Practice, 2014,20(6),646-654.
  • 19. Dikmen, Y, Filiz, N.Y, Tanrıkulu F, Yılmaz, D, Kuzgun, H, Attitudes of intensive care nurses towards evidence-based nursing. International Journal of Health Sciences and Research, 2019, 8(1),138-143.
  • 20. Ayhan, Y, Kocaman, G, Bektaş, M, Adaptation of "Attitude towards evidence-based nursing scale" into Turkish: validity and reliability study, Journal of Research and Development in Nursing, 2015,17(2/3),21-35.
  • 21. Yava, A, Tosun, N, Çiçek, H, Yavan, T, Terakye, G, Hatipoğlu, S, Validity and Reliability of the Scale of Barriers in the Use of Research Results by Nurses. Gulhane Medical Journal, 2007,49:72-80.
  • 22. Jentzer, J.C, Henry, T.D, Barsness, G.W, Menon, V, Baran, D.A, Van Diepen, S, Influence of cardiac arrest and SCAI shock stage on cardiac intensive care unit mortality, Catheterisation and Cardiovascular Interventions, 2020,96(7),1350-1359.
  • 23. Santacruz, C.A, Pereira, A.J, Celis, E, Vincent, J.L, Which multicenter randomised controlled trials in critical care medicine have shown reduced mortality? A systematic review, Critical Care Medicine, 2019,47(12),1680-1691.
  • 24. Ma'moun, A.S, Abu-Moghli, F.A, Perceived knowledge, attitudes, and implementation of evidence-based practice among Jordanian nurses in critical care units, Dimensions of Critical Care Nursing, 2020,39(5),278-286.
  • 25. Šabanė, E, Vimantaitė, R, Jakuška, P, Application of Evidence-based Practice in Intensive and Critical Care Nursing, The Open Nursing Journal, 2022,16(1).
  • 26. Alperen, A, Oksay, Şahin, A, Evaluation of Nurses' Knowledge and Attitudes Towards Evidence-Based Nursing: A Descriptive and Cross-Sectional Study, Turkiye Clinics Journal of Nursing Sciences, 2022, 14(1).
  • 27. Şen E, Yurt, S, Determination of nurses' attitudes towards evidence-based practices, Dokuz Eylül University Faculty of Nursing Electronic Journal, 2021,14(2),102-107.
  • 28. Menekli, T, Korkmaz, M, Attitudes of Internal Medicine Nurses towards Evidence-Based Nursing, Dokuz Eylül University Faculty of Nursing Electronic Journal, 2021,14(1), 38-47.
  • 29. Arslan, S, Şener, D.K, Küçük, Ö. Opinions of nurses working in paediatric clinic about evidence-based practices, Yıldırım Beyazıt University Faculty of Health Sciences Nursing Journal, 2015,3,1-9.
  • 30. Zhou, F, Hao, Y, Guo, H, Liu, H, Attitude, knowledge, and practice on evidence-based nursing among registered nurses in traditional Chinese medicine hospitals: a multiple centre cross-sectional survey in China, Evidence-Based Complementary Alternative Medicine, 2016,1,1-8.
  • 31. Ulaş Karaahmetoğlu, G, Kutahyalioglu, N, Narayan, M, Factors Associated with Nurses' Attitudes Towards Evidence-Based Practice in Turkey, Clinical and Experimental Health Sciences, 2022,12 (1),209-216 .
  • 32. Tümer, A, Korkmaz Aslan G, Kartal, A, Research Utilisation Barriers of Nurses Working in a Training and Research Hospital in Western Turkey, Journal of Nursing Science, 2020, 3(1),1-6.
  • 33. Bahar, Z, Gözüm, S, Beşer, A, Çapık, C, Kıssal, A, Görsed, N, et al, Investigation of Research Utilisation Barriers and Affecting Factors of Nurses Working in University Hospitals in Two Different Regions, Dokuz Eylül University Faculty of Nursing Electronic Journal, 2015,8(4), 232-240.
  • 34. Alqahtani, N, Oh, K.M, Kitsantas, P, Rodan, M, Nurses' evidence-based practice knowledge, attitudes and implementation: A cross-sectional study, Journal Of Clinical Nursing, 2020, 29(1-2),274-283.
  • 35. Al-Tamimi, M, Refaat, F, Issa, W.B, Barriers to compliance with evidence-based guidelines for ventilator-associated pneumonia among critical care nurses: A scoping review, F1000Research, 2022, 11:1551.
  • 36. Kocaaslan, E, Kostak, M.A, Ünsar, S, Zafer Dinçkol, R, Er, N, Barriers to the Use of Research Results of Nurses Working in a University Hospital in Clinical Practices, Journal of Higher Education and Science, 2022, 12(3), 537-544.
  • 37. Cebeci, F, Çatal, E, Sucu Dağ, G, Karazaybek, E, Aksoy, N, Nurses' research utilization barriers, facilitators and determination of affecting factors, Turkiye Klinikleri Hemsirelik Bilimleri, 2019, 11(2): 129-39.
  • 38. Odabaşoğlu, E, Büyük, E.T, Baydın, N.Ü, Attitudes towards evidence-based nursing and barriers against utilizing research: the case of paediatric nurses. Samsun Journal of Health Sciences, 2021, 6(1),147-155.
  • 39. Deniz Doğan, S, Karaçay, S.Y, Arslan, S, Yurtseven, Ş, Nazik, E, Erden Yüksekkaya, S, Attitudes of nurses working in a university hospital towards evidence-based nursing, Ankara Journal of Health Sciences, 2019,8(2),39-45.

Yoğun Bakım Ünitesinde Çalışan Hemşirelerin Kanıta Dayalı Hemşireliğe Yönelik Tutumları ve Algıladıkları Engeller

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 12 Sayı: 2, 228 - 238, 27.06.2025

Yağmur Barman Ünal , Hatice Demirdağ

https://doi.org/10.34087/cbusbed.1463243

Öz

Giriş ve Amaç: Kanıta dayalı hemşirelik, yoğun bakım ünitesinde yüksek kaliteli bakımın ana noktasıdır. Kanıta dayalı hemşirelik uygulamalarını ve engellerini analiz eden çalışmalar da kanıta dayalı bakımı desteklemek için kalite iyileştirmenin ayrılmaz bir parçasıdır. Bu çalışmada yoğun bakım ünitesinde çalışan hemşirelerin kanıta dayalı hemşireliğe yönelik tutumları ile algıladıkları engeller arasındaki ilişkinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır.
Gereç ve Yöntemler: Tanımlayıcı ve ilişki arayıcı tipteki bu çalışmanın örneklemini bir şehir hastanesinin yoğun bakım ünitelerinde çalışan 129 hemşire oluşturmuştur. Veriler "Hemşire Bilgi Formu", "Kanıta Dayalı Hemşireliğe Yönelik Tutum Ölçeği" ve "Engeller Ölçeği" ile toplanmıştır. Verilerin analizi SPSS 27.0 programı kullanılarak yapılmıştır. Veriler p<0.05 anlamlılık düzeyinde değerlendirilmiştir.
Bulgular: Hemşirelerin kanıta dayalı hemşireliğe yönelik tutum ölçeği puan ortalaması 61.93± 6.35 idi. Araştırmaya katılan hemşirelerin çoğunun bilimsel etkinliklerden haberdar olduğu ve araştırma süreçlerine katıldığı saptandı. Eğitim düzeyi lisans ve lisansüstü olan, araştırma süreçlerine katılmak isteyen, bilimsel organizasyonlara bildiri ile ve dinleyici olarak katılan hemşirelerin tutumlarının yüksek olduğu saptandı. Araştırmaya katılan hemşirelerin yüksek düzeyde engel algıladıkları ve kanıta dayalı hemşireliğe yönelik tutumları ile algıladıkları engeller arasında negatif yönde zayıf bir ilişki olduğu saptandı.
Sonuç: Yoğun bakım ünitelerinde çalışan hemşirelerin kanıta dayalı hemşireliğe yönelik tutumları yüksektir. Kanıta dayalı hemşireliğe yönelik tutumları ile algıladıkları engeller arasında negatif yönde zayıf bir ilişki vardır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Hemşirelik Yoğun bakım Yoğun bakım hemşireliği kanıta dayalı bakım

Kaynakça

  • 1. Ongün, P, Ayoğlu, T, Öztürk, Kandemir, D, Akyüz, N, Evidence-Based Practices of Surgical Unit Executive Nurses and Barriers and Suggestions for the Use of Research Results: A Descriptive Study, Turkiye Clinics Journal of Nursing Sciences, 2022,14(1),35-42
  • 2. Melnyk, B.M, Fineout-Overholt, E, Evidence-based practice in nursing and healthcare: A guide to best practice (3rd ed). Philadelphia, PA: Wolters Kluwer Health; 2015
  • 3. Tayebi, Myaneh, Z, Azadi, M, Hosseinigolafshani, S.Z, Rashvand, F, Effect of evidence-based nursing care guidelines on patients' quality of care in neurosurgical intensive care units. Journal of Inflammatory Diseases, 2020, 24(1),56-67.
  • 4. Karateke, Y, Terzi, B, Investigation of the effectiveness of oral care to prevent ventilator-associated pneumonia (VIP) in patients connected to mechanical ventilators in intensive care units: a systematic review, Journal of Intensive Care Nursing, 2021, 25(1), 1-9.
  • 5. Florczak, K.L, Evidence or clinician asking the person: who should be at the center?, Nurs Sci Q, 2017,30(1),17-20.
  • 6. Al Khalaileh, M, Al Qadire, M, Musa, A.S, Al-Khawaldeh, O.A, Al Qudah, H, Alhabahbeh, A, Closing the Gap between Research Evidence and Clinical Practice: Jordanian Nurses' Perceived Barriers to Research Utilisation, Journal of Education and Practice, 2016,7(8),52-57.
  • 7. Bianchi, M, Bagnasco, A, Bressan, V, Barisone, M, Timmins, F, et al, A review of the role of nurse leadership in promoting and sustaining evidence-based practice, Journal of Nursing Management, 2018,26(8),918-932.
  • 8. Official Gazette (8.3.2010, Issue: 27515) numbered Nursing Regulation; 2010. [Access date: 1.11.2020].
  • 9. Morton, P.G, Thurman, P, Critical care nursing: a holistic approach, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.2023
  • 10. Esfandani, K, Aliyari, S, Pishgooei, A.H, Ebadi, A, Promoting critical care nurses' information literacy through an evidence-based practice workshop: a quasi-experimental study. Journal of Critical Care Nursing, 2017,10(2),1-6.
  • 11. Ludin, S.M, Does good critical thinking equal effective decision-making among critical care nurses? A cross-sectional survey, Intensive Crit Care Nurs, 2018, 44(44),1-10.
  • 12. Ghanbari, A, Rahmatpour, P, Salehzade, A.H, Pasban, M, Nurses' perceptions about facilitators and barriers of implementation of evidence-based practice, Research in Medical education, 2015, 7(2), 29-36.
  • 13. Sving, E, Fredriksson, L, Mamhidir, A.G, Marieann, H, Lena, G, A multifaceted intervention for evidence-based pressure ulcer prevention: a 3-year follow-up, JBI Evidence Implementation, 2020,18(4),391-400.
  • 14. Jarding, E.K, Makic, M.B.F, Central line care and management: adopting evidence-based nursing interventions, Journal of PeriAnesthesia Nursing, 2021,36(4),328-333.
  • 15. Gaspar, M.D.D.R, Rinaldi, E.C.A, Mello, R.G, Dos, Santos, F.A, Nadal, J.M, Cabral, L.P.A, et. al, Impact of evidence-based bundles on ventilator-associated pneumonia prevention: A systematic review. The Journal of Infection in Developing Countries, 2023,17(02),194-201.
  • 16. Ahmed, Sayed, Z, Effect of Evidence-Based Sepsis Care Bundle on Patient Outcome in Medical Intensive Care Unit, Egyptian Journal of Health Care, 2020,11(2),826-836.
  • 17. Collins, T, Plowright, C, Gibson, Stayt, L, Clarke, S, et al, British Association of Critical Care Nurses: Evidence-based consensus paper for oral care within adult critical care units, Nursing in Critical Care, 2021, 26(4), 224-33.
  • 18. Ay, F, Gençtürk, N, Turan, Miral, M, Barriers that prevent implementation of research findings in nursing: Education-research hospitals case, International Journal of Nursing Practice, 2014,20(6),646-654.
  • 19. Dikmen, Y, Filiz, N.Y, Tanrıkulu F, Yılmaz, D, Kuzgun, H, Attitudes of intensive care nurses towards evidence-based nursing. International Journal of Health Sciences and Research, 2019, 8(1),138-143.
  • 20. Ayhan, Y, Kocaman, G, Bektaş, M, Adaptation of "Attitude towards evidence-based nursing scale" into Turkish: validity and reliability study, Journal of Research and Development in Nursing, 2015,17(2/3),21-35.
  • 21. Yava, A, Tosun, N, Çiçek, H, Yavan, T, Terakye, G, Hatipoğlu, S, Validity and Reliability of the Scale of Barriers in the Use of Research Results by Nurses. Gulhane Medical Journal, 2007,49:72-80.
  • 22. Jentzer, J.C, Henry, T.D, Barsness, G.W, Menon, V, Baran, D.A, Van Diepen, S, Influence of cardiac arrest and SCAI shock stage on cardiac intensive care unit mortality, Catheterisation and Cardiovascular Interventions, 2020,96(7),1350-1359.
  • 23. Santacruz, C.A, Pereira, A.J, Celis, E, Vincent, J.L, Which multicenter randomised controlled trials in critical care medicine have shown reduced mortality? A systematic review, Critical Care Medicine, 2019,47(12),1680-1691.
  • 24. Ma'moun, A.S, Abu-Moghli, F.A, Perceived knowledge, attitudes, and implementation of evidence-based practice among Jordanian nurses in critical care units, Dimensions of Critical Care Nursing, 2020,39(5),278-286.
  • 25. Šabanė, E, Vimantaitė, R, Jakuška, P, Application of Evidence-based Practice in Intensive and Critical Care Nursing, The Open Nursing Journal, 2022,16(1).
  • 26. Alperen, A, Oksay, Şahin, A, Evaluation of Nurses' Knowledge and Attitudes Towards Evidence-Based Nursing: A Descriptive and Cross-Sectional Study, Turkiye Clinics Journal of Nursing Sciences, 2022, 14(1).
  • 27. Şen E, Yurt, S, Determination of nurses' attitudes towards evidence-based practices, Dokuz Eylül University Faculty of Nursing Electronic Journal, 2021,14(2),102-107.
  • 28. Menekli, T, Korkmaz, M, Attitudes of Internal Medicine Nurses towards Evidence-Based Nursing, Dokuz Eylül University Faculty of Nursing Electronic Journal, 2021,14(1), 38-47.
  • 29. Arslan, S, Şener, D.K, Küçük, Ö. Opinions of nurses working in paediatric clinic about evidence-based practices, Yıldırım Beyazıt University Faculty of Health Sciences Nursing Journal, 2015,3,1-9.
  • 30. Zhou, F, Hao, Y, Guo, H, Liu, H, Attitude, knowledge, and practice on evidence-based nursing among registered nurses in traditional Chinese medicine hospitals: a multiple centre cross-sectional survey in China, Evidence-Based Complementary Alternative Medicine, 2016,1,1-8.
  • 31. Ulaş Karaahmetoğlu, G, Kutahyalioglu, N, Narayan, M, Factors Associated with Nurses' Attitudes Towards Evidence-Based Practice in Turkey, Clinical and Experimental Health Sciences, 2022,12 (1),209-216 .
  • 32. Tümer, A, Korkmaz Aslan G, Kartal, A, Research Utilisation Barriers of Nurses Working in a Training and Research Hospital in Western Turkey, Journal of Nursing Science, 2020, 3(1),1-6.
  • 33. Bahar, Z, Gözüm, S, Beşer, A, Çapık, C, Kıssal, A, Görsed, N, et al, Investigation of Research Utilisation Barriers and Affecting Factors of Nurses Working in University Hospitals in Two Different Regions, Dokuz Eylül University Faculty of Nursing Electronic Journal, 2015,8(4), 232-240.
  • 34. Alqahtani, N, Oh, K.M, Kitsantas, P, Rodan, M, Nurses' evidence-based practice knowledge, attitudes and implementation: A cross-sectional study, Journal Of Clinical Nursing, 2020, 29(1-2),274-283.
  • 35. Al-Tamimi, M, Refaat, F, Issa, W.B, Barriers to compliance with evidence-based guidelines for ventilator-associated pneumonia among critical care nurses: A scoping review, F1000Research, 2022, 11:1551.
  • 36. Kocaaslan, E, Kostak, M.A, Ünsar, S, Zafer Dinçkol, R, Er, N, Barriers to the Use of Research Results of Nurses Working in a University Hospital in Clinical Practices, Journal of Higher Education and Science, 2022, 12(3), 537-544.
  • 37. Cebeci, F, Çatal, E, Sucu Dağ, G, Karazaybek, E, Aksoy, N, Nurses' research utilization barriers, facilitators and determination of affecting factors, Turkiye Klinikleri Hemsirelik Bilimleri, 2019, 11(2): 129-39.
  • 38. Odabaşoğlu, E, Büyük, E.T, Baydın, N.Ü, Attitudes towards evidence-based nursing and barriers against utilizing research: the case of paediatric nurses. Samsun Journal of Health Sciences, 2021, 6(1),147-155.
  • 39. Deniz Doğan, S, Karaçay, S.Y, Arslan, S, Yurtseven, Ş, Nazik, E, Erden Yüksekkaya, S, Attitudes of nurses working in a university hospital towards evidence-based nursing, Ankara Journal of Health Sciences, 2019,8(2),39-45.
Toplam 39 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Yoğun Bakım
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Yağmur Barman Ünal 0000-0003-3621-1574

Hatice Demirdağ 0000-0002-6512-7497

Yayımlanma Tarihi 27 Haziran 2025
Gönderilme Tarihi 2 Nisan 2024
Kabul Tarihi 22 Nisan 2025
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2025 Cilt: 12 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Barman Ünal, Y., & Demirdağ, H. (2025). Attitudes and Perceived Barriers of Nurses Working in The Intensive Care Unit Towards Evidence-Based Nursing. Celal Bayar Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi, 12(2), 228-238. https://doi.org/10.34087/cbusbed.1463243
AMA Barman Ünal Y, Demirdağ H. Attitudes and Perceived Barriers of Nurses Working in The Intensive Care Unit Towards Evidence-Based Nursing. CBU-SBED. Haziran 2025;12(2):228-238. doi:10.34087/cbusbed.1463243
Chicago Barman Ünal, Yağmur, ve Hatice Demirdağ. “Attitudes and Perceived Barriers of Nurses Working in The Intensive Care Unit Towards Evidence-Based Nursing”. Celal Bayar Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi 12, sy. 2 (Haziran 2025): 228-38. https://doi.org/10.34087/cbusbed.1463243.
EndNote Barman Ünal Y, Demirdağ H (01 Haziran 2025) Attitudes and Perceived Barriers of Nurses Working in The Intensive Care Unit Towards Evidence-Based Nursing. Celal Bayar Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi 12 2 228–238.
IEEE Y. Barman Ünal ve H. Demirdağ, “Attitudes and Perceived Barriers of Nurses Working in The Intensive Care Unit Towards Evidence-Based Nursing”, CBU-SBED, c. 12, sy. 2, ss. 228–238, 2025, doi: 10.34087/cbusbed.1463243.
ISNAD Barman Ünal, Yağmur - Demirdağ, Hatice. “Attitudes and Perceived Barriers of Nurses Working in The Intensive Care Unit Towards Evidence-Based Nursing”. Celal Bayar Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi 12/2 (Haziran 2025), 228-238. https://doi.org/10.34087/cbusbed.1463243.
JAMA Barman Ünal Y, Demirdağ H. Attitudes and Perceived Barriers of Nurses Working in The Intensive Care Unit Towards Evidence-Based Nursing. CBU-SBED. 2025;12:228–238.
MLA Barman Ünal, Yağmur ve Hatice Demirdağ. “Attitudes and Perceived Barriers of Nurses Working in The Intensive Care Unit Towards Evidence-Based Nursing”. Celal Bayar Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi, c. 12, sy. 2, 2025, ss. 228-3, doi:10.34087/cbusbed.1463243.
Vancouver Barman Ünal Y, Demirdağ H. Attitudes and Perceived Barriers of Nurses Working in The Intensive Care Unit Towards Evidence-Based Nursing. CBU-SBED. 2025;12(2):228-3.
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