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A Comparative Investigation of Soil Fundamental Frequencies: A Case Study for İzmir Province

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 9 Sayı: 1, 58 - 70, 27.01.2023

Ahu Kömeç Mutlu , Ülgen Mert Tuğsal , Musavver Cambaz

https://doi.org/10.21324/dacd.1118207

Öz

The earthquake (Mw 6.9) that occurred in the northern part of Samos Island and Doğanbey-İzmir offshore in the Aegean Sea at 14:51 local time on October 30, 2020 was felt in İzmir, Samos Island and many surrounding cities and settlements. Considering the earthquake intensity map, contrary to what is expected, the highest impact occurred in Bayraklı district, which is 70 km away from the epicenter, and caused not only severe structural damage but also fatalities in the region. When the structural damages are evaluated, determining the local soil properties has an important place in the studies to predict the effects of a possible earthquake. The HVSR (Horizontal Vertical Spectral Ratio) method provides an advantage in determining the soil fundamental frequency and the soil amplification factor in the event of an earthquake, in that it can be widely used even in the seismically in-active regions. In this study, it is not only aimed to analyze the earthquake and ambient noise data obtained from the accelerometer and velocity stations but also to compare the results obtained by using HVSR method utilizing different softwares. Furthermore, response spectra were obtained for different local soil classes by using the data of the same stations and they are given in comparison with the design spectra included in the earthquake code. As a result of the study, it has been observed that the results obtained by the HVSR method are in good correlation with the soil effects in the region and the consequential structural damages. These examples illustrate HVSRpy’s commitment to exactly reproduce the results of GEOPSY, wherever the processing parameters and functionality of HVSRpy and GEOPSY overlap. This was done to allow users to check HVSRpy and to encourage standardization in HVSR processing.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Horizontal Vertical Spectral Ratio (HVSR) Soil Fundamental Frequency Aegean Sea Earthquake Geopsy HVSRpy

Kaynakça

  • Acerra, C., Alguacil, G., Atakan, K., Azzara, R., Bard, P.-Y., Blarel, F., et al. (2002). Site EffectS assessment using AMbient Excitations (SESAME), European Commission—Research General Directorate, Project No. EVG1-CT-2000-00026 SESAME, http://sesame.geopsy.org/Delivrables/SESAME-Finalreport_april05.pdf, [Erişim 10 Haziran 2021].
  • Akkar S., Eroğlu Azak T., Çan T., (2014), Türkiye sismik tehlike haritasının güncellenmesi, Proje No: UDAP- Ç-13-06, Ulusal Deprem Araştırma Programı, Ankara, Türkiye.
  • Akkar S., Azak T., Çan T., (2018), Evolution of seismic hazard maps in Turkey, Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering, 16(8), 3197-3228.
  • Aksu A.E., Piper D.J.W., Konuk T., (1987), Quaternary growth patterns of Büyük Menderes and Küçük Menderes deltas, western Turkey, Sedimentary Geology, 52(3-4), 227-250.
  • Bonilla L.F., Steidl J.H., Lindley G.T., Tumarkin A.G., Archuleta R.J., (1997), Site amplification in the San Fernando Valley, California: variability of site-effect estimation using the S-wave, coda, and H/V methods, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 87(3), 710-730.
  • Bozkurt E., (2001), Neotectonics of Turkey-a synthesis, European Journal of Geodynamics, 14(1-3), 3-30.
  • Cambaz M.D., Turhan F., Yılmazer M., Kekovalı K., Necmioğlu Ö., Kalafat D., (2019a), An investigation on the evaluation of seismic network and catalogue of regional earthquake‐tsunami monitoring center, Yerbilimleri, 40(1), 110-135.
  • Cambaz M.D., Turhan F., Yılmazer M., Kekovalı K., Necmioğlu Ö., Kalafat D., (2019b), A review on Kandilli Observatory and Earthquake Research Institute (KOERI) seismic network and earthquake catalog: 2008-2018, Advances in Geosciences, 51, 15-23.
  • Cambaz M.D., Özer M., Güneş Y., Ergün T., Öğütcü Z., Altuncu‐Poyraz S., Köseoğlu A., Turhan F., Yılmazer M., Kekovali K., Necmioğlu Ö., Kalafat D., Çakti E., Özener H. (2021), Evolution of the Kandilli Observatory and Earthquake Research Institute (KOERI) Seismic Network and the Data Center Facilities as a Primary Node of EIDA, Seismological Research Letters, 92(3), 1571-1580.
  • Cheng T., Cox B. R., Vantassel J. P., Manuel L., (2020), A statistical approach to account for azimuthal variability in single-station HVSR Measurements, Geophysical Journal International, 223(2), 1040-1053.
  • Cheng T., Hallal M. M., Vantassel J. P., Cox B. R., (2021), Estimating Unbiased Statistics for Fundamental Site Frequency Using Spatially Distributed HVSR Measurements and Voronoi Tessellation, Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering, 147(8), doi: 10.1061/(ASCE)GT.1943-5606.0002551.
  • Cheng T., (2020), Statistical methods for determining f₀ and its variance from single- and multi-station HVSR Measurements, Doctoral Thesis, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA.
  • Coutel F., Mora P., (1998), Simulation based comparison of four site response estimation techniques, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 88(1), 30-42.
  • DBYBHY, (2007), Deprem bölgelerinde yapılacak binalar hakkında yönetmelik, Resmi Gazete Tarih: 06 Mart 2007, Sayı: 26454, https://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/eskiler/2007/03/20070306-3.htm, [Erişim 10 Haziran 2021].
  • Dimitriu P. P., Papaioannou C. A., Theodulidis N. P., (1998), EURO-SEISTEST strong-motion array near Thessaloniki, Northern Greece: A study of site effects, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 88(3), 862-873.
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  • Durmuş L., (2012), İzmir metropolitan alanı zemin özelliklerinin deprem kayıtları kullanılarak HVSR yöntemi ile incelenmesi, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi, İzmir.
  • Emre O., Özalp S., Dogan A., Özaksoy V., Yıldırım C., Goktas F., (2005), İzmir Çevresinin Diri Fayları ve Deprem Potansiyelleri, MTA Raporu, Rapor No: 10754, Ankara, 80ss.
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  • Gok E., Chavez-Garcia F. J., Polat O., (2014), Effect of soil conditions on predicted ground motion: case study from Western Anatolia, Turkey, Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors, 229, 88-97.
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Zemin Hâkim Frekanslarının Farklı Algoritmalarla Belirlenmesi: İzmir Örneği

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 9 Sayı: 1, 58 - 70, 27.01.2023

Ahu Kömeç Mutlu , Ülgen Mert Tuğsal , Musavver Cambaz

https://doi.org/10.21324/dacd.1118207

Öz

30 Ekim 2020 günü yerel saat ile 14:51’de Ege Denizi’nde Samos Adası’nın kuzeyi ile Doğanbey-İzmir açıklarında meydana gelen deprem (Mw 6,9) İzmir, Samos Adası ve çevresindeki birçok il ve yerleşim yerinde hissedilmiştir. Deprem şiddet haritasına bakıldığında beklenenin aksine en büyük etki merkez üssünden 70 km uzakta bulunan Bayraklı ilçesinde meydana gelmiş ve bölgede sadece ağır yapısal hasara değil can kayıplarına da neden olmuştur. Meydana gelen yapısal hasarlar değerlendirildiğinde, olası bir depremin etkilerinin tahmin edilmesi çalışmalarında yerel zemin özelliklerinin belirlenmesi önemli bir yer tutmaktadır. Deprem anında yerin zemin hâkim frekansını ve zemin yükseltgenme faktörünü belirlemede HVSR (Yatay Düşey Spektral Oran) yöntemi yoğun deprem aktivitesi olmayan bölgelerde bile yaygın olarak kullanılabilmesi açısından avantaj sağlamaktadır. Bu çalışmada ivme-ölçer ve hız istasyonu kayıtlarından alınan deprem ve gürültü verilerinin farklı yazılımlar kullanılarak HVSR yöntemi ile analizi ve elde edilen sonuçların karşılaştırılması hedeflenmiştir. Ayrıca aynı istasyonların verileri kullanılarak farklı yerel zemin sınıfları için davranış spektrumları elde edilmiş ve deprem yönetmeliğinde yer alan tasarım spektrumları ile karşılaştırmalı olarak verilmiştir. Yapılan çalışma sonucunda HVSR yöntemi ile elde edilen sonuçların bölgedeki zemin etkilerini ve buna bağlı olarak gelişen yapısal hasarları doğrular nitelikte olduğu gözlenmiştir. HVSRpy ve Geopsy programları kullanılarak elde edilen sonuçlar, birbiri ile uyum içerisinde olup HVSRpy fonksiyonel bir şekilde GEOPSY ile benzer kararlılıkta sonuçlar üretebilmektedir ve kullanıcının python açık kod kullanımındaki yatkınlığına göre araştırmacılar tarafından pratik bir şekilde kullanımı sağlanabilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Yatay Düşey Spektral Oran (HVSR) Zemin Hâkim Frekansı Ege Denizi Depremi Geopsy HVSRpy

Kaynakça

  • Acerra, C., Alguacil, G., Atakan, K., Azzara, R., Bard, P.-Y., Blarel, F., et al. (2002). Site EffectS assessment using AMbient Excitations (SESAME), European Commission—Research General Directorate, Project No. EVG1-CT-2000-00026 SESAME, http://sesame.geopsy.org/Delivrables/SESAME-Finalreport_april05.pdf, [Erişim 10 Haziran 2021].
  • Akkar S., Eroğlu Azak T., Çan T., (2014), Türkiye sismik tehlike haritasının güncellenmesi, Proje No: UDAP- Ç-13-06, Ulusal Deprem Araştırma Programı, Ankara, Türkiye.
  • Akkar S., Azak T., Çan T., (2018), Evolution of seismic hazard maps in Turkey, Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering, 16(8), 3197-3228.
  • Aksu A.E., Piper D.J.W., Konuk T., (1987), Quaternary growth patterns of Büyük Menderes and Küçük Menderes deltas, western Turkey, Sedimentary Geology, 52(3-4), 227-250.
  • Bonilla L.F., Steidl J.H., Lindley G.T., Tumarkin A.G., Archuleta R.J., (1997), Site amplification in the San Fernando Valley, California: variability of site-effect estimation using the S-wave, coda, and H/V methods, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 87(3), 710-730.
  • Bozkurt E., (2001), Neotectonics of Turkey-a synthesis, European Journal of Geodynamics, 14(1-3), 3-30.
  • Cambaz M.D., Turhan F., Yılmazer M., Kekovalı K., Necmioğlu Ö., Kalafat D., (2019a), An investigation on the evaluation of seismic network and catalogue of regional earthquake‐tsunami monitoring center, Yerbilimleri, 40(1), 110-135.
  • Cambaz M.D., Turhan F., Yılmazer M., Kekovalı K., Necmioğlu Ö., Kalafat D., (2019b), A review on Kandilli Observatory and Earthquake Research Institute (KOERI) seismic network and earthquake catalog: 2008-2018, Advances in Geosciences, 51, 15-23.
  • Cambaz M.D., Özer M., Güneş Y., Ergün T., Öğütcü Z., Altuncu‐Poyraz S., Köseoğlu A., Turhan F., Yılmazer M., Kekovali K., Necmioğlu Ö., Kalafat D., Çakti E., Özener H. (2021), Evolution of the Kandilli Observatory and Earthquake Research Institute (KOERI) Seismic Network and the Data Center Facilities as a Primary Node of EIDA, Seismological Research Letters, 92(3), 1571-1580.
  • Cheng T., Cox B. R., Vantassel J. P., Manuel L., (2020), A statistical approach to account for azimuthal variability in single-station HVSR Measurements, Geophysical Journal International, 223(2), 1040-1053.
  • Cheng T., Hallal M. M., Vantassel J. P., Cox B. R., (2021), Estimating Unbiased Statistics for Fundamental Site Frequency Using Spatially Distributed HVSR Measurements and Voronoi Tessellation, Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering, 147(8), doi: 10.1061/(ASCE)GT.1943-5606.0002551.
  • Cheng T., (2020), Statistical methods for determining f₀ and its variance from single- and multi-station HVSR Measurements, Doctoral Thesis, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA.
  • Coutel F., Mora P., (1998), Simulation based comparison of four site response estimation techniques, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 88(1), 30-42.
  • DBYBHY, (2007), Deprem bölgelerinde yapılacak binalar hakkında yönetmelik, Resmi Gazete Tarih: 06 Mart 2007, Sayı: 26454, https://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/eskiler/2007/03/20070306-3.htm, [Erişim 10 Haziran 2021].
  • Dimitriu P. P., Papaioannou C. A., Theodulidis N. P., (1998), EURO-SEISTEST strong-motion array near Thessaloniki, Northern Greece: A study of site effects, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 88(3), 862-873.
  • Çetin K.O., Mylonakis G., Sextos A., Stewart J. P., (2020), Seismological and Engineering Effects of the M 7.0 Samos Island (Aegean Sea) Earthquake, Earthquake Engineering Association of Turkey, http://learningfromearthquakes.org/images/earthquakes/ 2020_Samos_Greece_Izmir_Turkey/ Samos_Island_Earthquake_Final_Report.pdf, [Erişim 10 Haziran 2021].
  • Durmuş L., (2012), İzmir metropolitan alanı zemin özelliklerinin deprem kayıtları kullanılarak HVSR yöntemi ile incelenmesi, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi, İzmir.
  • Emre O., Özalp S., Dogan A., Özaksoy V., Yıldırım C., Goktas F., (2005), İzmir Çevresinin Diri Fayları ve Deprem Potansiyelleri, MTA Raporu, Rapor No: 10754, Ankara, 80ss.
  • Emre Ö., Duman T.Y., Özalp S., Elmacı H., Olgun Ş., Şaroğlu Ş., (2013), Açıklamalı Türkiye Diri Fay Haritası Ölçek 1:1.250.000, MTA Genel Müdürlüğü, Özel yayın serisi - 30, Ankara, 69ss.
  • Emre Ö,, Duman T. Y., Özalp S., Olgun Ş., Elmacı H., Şaroğlu F., Çan T., (2018), Active fault database of Turkey, Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering, 16(8), 3229-3275.
  • Field E. H., Jacob K. H., (1995), A Comparison and Test of Various Site-Response Estimation Techniques, including Three That Are Not Reference-Site Dependent, Bulletin of Seismological Society of America, 85(4), 1127-1143.
  • Gök E., (2011), Investigation of earthquake hazard and seismic site characteristics in the examples of Bursa and İzmir, Doktora Tezi, Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi, İzmir.
  • Gok E., Chavez-Garcia F. J., Polat O., (2014), Effect of soil conditions on predicted ground motion: case study from Western Anatolia, Turkey, Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors, 229, 88-97.
  • Kadirioğlu F.T., Kartal R.F., (2016), The new empirical magnitude conversion relations using an improved earthquake catalogue for Turkey and its near vicinity (1900-2012), Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences, 25(4), 300-310.
  • Kadirioğlu F.T., Kartal R.F., Kılıç T., Kalafat D., Duman T.Y., Eroğlu Azak T., Özalp S., Emre Ö., (2018), An improved earthquake catalogue (M≥ 4.0) for Turkey and its near vicinity (1900–2012), Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering, 16(8), 3317-3338.
  • Kiratzi A., Özacar A.A., Papazachos C., Pınar A., (2020), Regional tectonics and seismic source, Seismological and Engineering Effects of the M 7.0 Samos Island (Aegean Sea) Earthquake’in İçinde, (Cetin K.O., Mylonakis G., Sextos A., Stewart J. P., Ed.), Earthquake Engineering Assoc of Turkey, Earthquake Foundation of Turkey, EERI, GEER-069, ss.1-61.
  • Konno K., Ohmachi T., (1998), Ground-motion characteristics estimated from spectral ratio between horizontal and vertical components of microtremor, Bulletin of Seismological Society of America, 88(1), 228-241.
  • Kramer S.L., (1996), Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering, Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NewJersey, USA, 653ss.
  • Lachet C., Bard P. Y., (1994), Numerical and theoretical investigations on the possibilities and limitations of the Nakamuraʹs technique, Journal of Physics of Earth, 42(5), 377-397.
  • Lachet C., Hatzfeld D., Bard P. Y., Theodulidis N., Papaioannou C., Savvaidis A., (1996), Site effects and microzonation in the city of Thessaloniki (Greece) comparison of different approaches, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 86(6), 1692-1703.
  • Lermo J., Chavez-Garcia F.J., (1993), Site effect evaluation using spectral ratios with only one station, Bulletin of Seismological Society of America, 83(5), 1574-1594.
  • McKenzie D.P., (1972), Active tectonics of the Mediterranean regions, Geophysical Journal International, 30(2), 109-185.
  • Michael A.J., (1984), Determination of stress from slip data: faults and folds, Journal of Geophysical Research, 89(B13), 517-526.
  • Nakamura Y., (1989), A method for dynamic characteristics estimation of subsurface using microtremor on the ground surface, Quarterly Report of Railway Technical Research Institute, 30(1), 25-33.
  • Ocakoğlu N., Demirbağ E., Kuscu I., (2005), Neotectonic structures in İzmir Gulf and surrounding regions (Western Turkey): evidence of strike-slip faulting with compression in the Aegean extensional regime, Marine Geology, 219(2-3), 155-171.
  • Riepl J., Bard P.Y., Hatzfeld D., Papaioannou C., Nechtschein S., (1998), Detailed evaluation of site response estimation methods across and along the sedimentary valley of Volvi (EURO-SEISTEST), Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 88(2), 488-502.
  • Şaroğlu F., Emre Ö., Kuşçu İ., (1992), Türkiye Diri Fay Haritası, 1:2,000,000 ölçekli, Maden Tetkik ve Arama Genel Müdürlüğü, Ankara.
  • Şengör A.M.C., Satır M., Akkök R., (1984), Timing of tectonic events in the Menderes Massif, Western Turkey: implications for tectonic evolution and evidence for Pan-African basement in Turkey, Tectonics, 3(7), 693-707.
  • Şengör A.M.C., Görür N., Şaroğlu F., (1985), Strike-slip faulting and related basin formation in zones of tectonic escape: Turkey as a case study, Strike-Slip Deformation, Basin Formation, and Sedimentation’ın İçinde, (Biddle K.T., Christie-Blick N., Ed.), Society for Sedimentary Geology, doi: 10.2110/pec.85.37.0211.
  • Şengör A.M.C., (1987), Cross faults and differential stretching of hanging walls in regions of low-angle normal faulting: examples form western Turkey, Continental extensional tectonics’in İçinde, (Coward M.P., Dewey J.F., Hancock P.L., Ed.), Geological Society Special Publication, 28(1), 575-589.
  • Taymaz T., Jackson J.A., McKenzie D., (1991), Active tectonics of the north and central Aegean Sea, Geophysical Journal International, 106(2), 433-490.
  • Taymaz T., Yılmaz Y., Dilek Y., (2007), The geodynamics of the Aegean and Anatolia: introduction, Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 291(1), 1-16. doi: 10.1144/SP291.1.
  • TBDY, (2018), Türkiye bina deprem yönetmeliği, Resmi Gazete Tarih: 18 Mart 2018, Sayı: 30364, https://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/ eskiler/2018/03/20180318M1-2.htm, [Erişim 10 Haziran 2021].
  • Tepe Ç., Sözbilir H., Eski S., Sümer Ö., Özkaymak Ç., (2021), Updated historical earthquake catalog of İzmir region (western Anatolia) and its importance for the determination of seismogenic source, Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences, 30(8), 779-805.
  • Triantafyllidis P., Hatzidimitriou P.M., Theodulidis N., Suhadolc P., Papazachos C., Raptakis D., Lontzetidis K., (1999), Site effects in the city of Thessaloniki (Greece) estimated from acceleration data and 1D local soil profiles, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 89(2), 521-537.
  • URL-1, (2021), İzmir Deprem Senaryosu ve Deprem Master Planı, T.C. İzmir Büyükşehir Belediyesi, http://www.izmir.bel.tr/ izmirdeprem/index.html, [Erişim 10 Haziran 2021].
  • URL-2, (2021), 30 Ekim 2020 İzmir deprem afeti, T.C. Çevre ve Şehircilik Bakanlığı, Mekansal Planlama Genel Müdürlüğü, https://webdosya.csb.gov.tr/db/izmir/haberler/2020_20201121031632.pdf, [Erişim 10 Haziran 2021].
  • Vantassel J., (2020), jpvantassel/hvsrpy: latest (Concept), Zenodo. http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3666956, [Erişim 10 Haziran 2021].
  • Wathelet M., Chatelain J. L., Cornou C., Di Giulio G., Guillier B., Ohrnberger M., Savvaidis A., (2020), Geopsy: A User-Friendly Open-Source Tool Set for Ambient Vibration Processing, Seismological Research Letters, 91(3), 1878-1889.
  • Wessel P., Smith W. H. F., (1998), New, improved version of Generic Mapping Tools released, EOS Science News, AGU, 79(47), 579-579.
  • Yalçıner A.C., Doğan G.G., Ergin Ulutaş E., Polat O., Tarih A., Yapar E.R., Yavuz E., (2020), The 30 October 2020 (11:51 UTC) İzmir-Samos earthquake and tsunami; post-tsunami field survey preliminary results, Teknik rapor, https://avesis.deu.edu.tr/publication/showdocument/6865b31f-1ea9-4b05-b95a-327a7456b04c, [Erişim 10 Haziran 2021].
  • Yalçınkaya E., (2002), Zemin özelliklerinin deprem yer hareketine etkisi: 1 Ekim 1995 Dinar ve 27 Haziran 1998 Adana-Ceyhan depremi örnekleri, Doktora Tezi, İstanbul Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, İstanbul.
  • Yılmaz Y., (1997), Active tectonics of Northwestern Anatolia-The Marmara Poly-Project, Geology of Western Anatolia’nın İçinde, (Schindler C., Pfister M., Ed.), Hochschulverlag Ag Ander, ETH Zürich, ss.31-54.
  • Yılmaz Y., Genç S.C., Gürer F., Bozcu M., Yılmaz K., Karacık Z., Altunkaynak Ş., Elmas A., (2000), When did the western Anatolian grabens begin to develop?, Tectonics and Magmatism in Turkey and The Surrounding Area’nın İçinde (Bozkurt E., Winchester J.A., Piper J.D.A., Ed.), Geological Society Special Publication, London, England.
Toplam 54 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Yer Bilimleri ve Jeoloji Mühendisliği (Diğer)
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Ahu Kömeç Mutlu 0000-0003-2243-7302

Ülgen Mert Tuğsal 0000-0001-7304-4432

Musavver Cambaz 0000-0001-5395-2388

Yayımlanma Tarihi 27 Ocak 2023
Gönderilme Tarihi 18 Mayıs 2022
Kabul Tarihi 19 Ekim 2022
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2023 Cilt: 9 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Kömeç Mutlu, A., Mert Tuğsal, Ü., & Cambaz, M. (2023). Zemin Hâkim Frekanslarının Farklı Algoritmalarla Belirlenmesi: İzmir Örneği. Doğal Afetler Ve Çevre Dergisi, 9(1), 58-70. https://doi.org/10.21324/dacd.1118207
AMA Kömeç Mutlu A, Mert Tuğsal Ü, Cambaz M. Zemin Hâkim Frekanslarının Farklı Algoritmalarla Belirlenmesi: İzmir Örneği. Doğ Afet Çev Derg. Ocak 2023;9(1):58-70. doi:10.21324/dacd.1118207
Chicago Kömeç Mutlu, Ahu, Ülgen Mert Tuğsal, ve Musavver Cambaz. “Zemin Hâkim Frekanslarının Farklı Algoritmalarla Belirlenmesi: İzmir Örneği”. Doğal Afetler Ve Çevre Dergisi 9, sy. 1 (Ocak 2023): 58-70. https://doi.org/10.21324/dacd.1118207.
EndNote Kömeç Mutlu A, Mert Tuğsal Ü, Cambaz M (01 Ocak 2023) Zemin Hâkim Frekanslarının Farklı Algoritmalarla Belirlenmesi: İzmir Örneği. Doğal Afetler ve Çevre Dergisi 9 1 58–70.
IEEE A. Kömeç Mutlu, Ü. Mert Tuğsal, ve M. Cambaz, “Zemin Hâkim Frekanslarının Farklı Algoritmalarla Belirlenmesi: İzmir Örneği”, Doğ Afet Çev Derg, c. 9, sy. 1, ss. 58–70, 2023, doi: 10.21324/dacd.1118207.
ISNAD Kömeç Mutlu, Ahu vd. “Zemin Hâkim Frekanslarının Farklı Algoritmalarla Belirlenmesi: İzmir Örneği”. Doğal Afetler ve Çevre Dergisi 9/1 (Ocak 2023), 58-70. https://doi.org/10.21324/dacd.1118207.
JAMA Kömeç Mutlu A, Mert Tuğsal Ü, Cambaz M. Zemin Hâkim Frekanslarının Farklı Algoritmalarla Belirlenmesi: İzmir Örneği. Doğ Afet Çev Derg. 2023;9:58–70.
MLA Kömeç Mutlu, Ahu vd. “Zemin Hâkim Frekanslarının Farklı Algoritmalarla Belirlenmesi: İzmir Örneği”. Doğal Afetler Ve Çevre Dergisi, c. 9, sy. 1, 2023, ss. 58-70, doi:10.21324/dacd.1118207.
Vancouver Kömeç Mutlu A, Mert Tuğsal Ü, Cambaz M. Zemin Hâkim Frekanslarının Farklı Algoritmalarla Belirlenmesi: İzmir Örneği. Doğ Afet Çev Derg. 2023;9(1):58-70.
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