Araştırma Makalesi
BibTex RIS Kaynak Göster

Determination of Changes in Forest Road Network in Fire-Affected Areas by UAV

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 11 Sayı: 1, 42 - 47, 17.06.2025

Hakan Durgun , Mehmet Eker

https://doi.org/10.33904/ejfe.1540549

Öz

Forests occasionally confront serious threats due to their dynamic nature. The most dangerous of these threats are forest fires, which seriously harm ecosystems in many nations, including Türkiye. Forest roads are essential to fighting fires and preserving forests because they may physically restrict fires and give firefighters access. Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), which are well-known Remote Sensing (RS) technology, are employed as a key data source in the rapid and accurate analysis of forest ecosystems, with Geographic Information System (GIS). The integration of these technologies facilitates the successful management of forests and fighting fires. This study evaluates the condition of the forest roads damaged by fire in southwest Türkiye, which has a typical Mediterranean climate, pre- and post-fire. Using UAV and satellite imagery was used to examine road parameters, including road length, density, opening-up ratio, and average road slope pre- and post-fire. The results demonstrated that the post-fire forest road network has grown significantly, and the quality of these new roads was low. Post-fire roads are necessary for fighting fires and restoring forests, but their hasty construction can have a detrimental effect on the ecosystem. UAV technology is a very useful instrument, for providing precise and in-depth data for post-fire forest inventory assessments.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Forest fire Forest road network UAV Change detection Remote sensing

Kaynakça

  • Acar, H.H. 1998. An investigation on the transportation by trucks at mountainously regions. Journal of Agriculture and Forestry, 22: 499-506.
  • ArcGIS, 2024. ArcGIS online, https://www.arcgis.com/index.html (Access date: 10.02.2024).
  • Aruga, K., Sekiguchi, T., Sato, T., Shuin, Y. 2022. Evaluation of forest road damages using return periods caused by heavy rains in Kanuma and Nikko cities of Tochigi Prefecture, Japan. Forestist 72(1). Doi: 10.5152/forestist.2021.21013.
  • Aruga, K., Sessions, J., Akay, A.E. 2005. Heuristic planning techniques applied to forest road profiles. Journal of Forest Research, 10(2): 83-92. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10310-004-0100-4.
  • Avcı, M., Korkmaz, M. 2021. Forest fire problems in Turkey: Evaluations of some current issues. Turkish Journal of Forestry, 22(3): 229-240. doi: 10.18182/tjf.942706.
  • Balcı, İ., Çoban, H.O., Eker, M. 2000. Geographic Information System. SDÜ Faculty of Forestry Journal, 1(A):115-132.
  • Buğday, E. 2019. Applications of unmanned aerial vehicle in forest management. II. International Eurasian Conference on Biological and Chemical Sciences, June 28-29, Ankara, 1617-1621.
  • Butler, A., Sarlöv-Herlin, I., Knez, I., Ångman, E., Ode Sang, Å., Åkerskog, A. 2018. Landscape identity, before and after a forest fire. Landscape Research, 43(6):878-889. https://doi.org/10.1080/01426397. 2017.1344205.
  • Covington, W.W., Moore M.M. 1992. Postsettlement changes in natural fire regimes: ımplications for restoration of old-growth p. ponderosa forests. In: Old-Growth Forests in the Southwest and Rocky Mountain Regions (Eds.: M.R. Kaufmann, W.H. Moir and R.L. Bassett). Proceedings of a Workshop, Portal, March 9-13, Arizona.
  • Çoban, H.O. 2016. Earth observation satellite systems of Turkey and their availability for forestry applications. Turkish Journal of Forestry, 17(1): 99-107. https://doi.org/10.18182/tjf.92256.
  • Demir, M., Küçükosmanoğlu, A., Hasdemir, M., Acar, H. H. 2009. Assessment of forest roads and firebreaks in Turkey. African Journal of Biotechnology, 8(18): 4553-4561.
  • DJI, 2018. Mavic Air User Manual Online, https://dl.djicdn.com/downloads (Access date: 15.01.2024).
  • Durgun, H., Çoban, H.O., Eker, M. 2022. Estimating stem volume and measuring diameter and height of brutian pine trees from aerial photographs taken by unmanned aerial vehicle. Turkish Journal of Forestry, 23(4): 255-267. https://doi.org/10.18182/tjf.1199567.
  • Eker, M., Ada, N. 2011. The constitution of criteria and indicator set for quality analysis of a forest road. Turkish Journal of Forestry, 12(2): 89-97.
  • Eker, M., Çoban, H.O. 2009. Yangın sonrası hasat ve transport planlama modeli. I. Orman Yangınları ile Mücadele Sempozyumu, 07-10 Ocak, Antalya, 395-402.
  • Eker, M., Çoban, H.O. 2010. Impact of road network on the structure of a multifunctional forest landscape unit in Southern Turkey. Journal of Environmental Biology, 31: 157-168.
  • Eker, M., Acar, H.H., Çoban, H.O. 2010. The potential ecological impacts of forest roads. SDÜ Faculty of Forestry Journal, A(1): 109-125.
  • Erdaş, O. 1997. Forest Roads. Volume-I. Karadeniz Technical Üniversity, Faculty of Forestry, 187/25.
  • Forman, R.T.T., Sperling, D., Bissonette, J.A., Clevenger, A.P., Cutshall, C.D., Dale, V.H., Fahrig, L., France, R.L., Goldman, C.R., Heanue, K., Jones, J., Swanson, F., Turrentine, T., Winter, T.C. 2003. Road Ecology: Science and Solutions. Washington, DC: Island Press.
  • Ghamry, K.A., Kamel, M.A., Zhang, Y. 2017. Multiple UAVs in forest fire fighting mission using particle swarm optimization. In 2017 International Conference On Unmanned Aircraft Systems, 1404-1409.
  • GoogleEarth, 2024. Google Earth Pro. https://www.google.com/intl/tr/earth/about/ (Access date: 18.03.2024) Gucinski, H., Brooks, M.H., Furniss, M.J., Ziemer, R.R. 2001. Forest roads: a synthesis of scientific information. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, General Technical Report PNW-GTR-509, Portland, Oregon
  • IOBM, 2021. Çandır Orman İşletme Şefliği 2021 yılı Orman Amenajman Planı. Isparta Orman Bölge Müdürlüğü, Isparta.
  • Kaşan, R. 2009. Serik-Taşağıl yangının değerlendirilmesi. I. Orman Yangınları ile Mücadele Sempozyumu, 07-10 Ocak, Antalya, 209-215.
  • Koç, A. 1993. Coğrafi bilgi sisteminde veriler ve elde ediliş yöntemleri. İÜ Orman Fakültesi Dergisi, 43(B): 1-2, 117-134.
  • Laschi, A., Foderi, C., Fabiano, F., Neri, F., Cambi, M., Mariotti, B., Marchi, E. 2019. Forest road planning, construction and maintenance to improve forest fire fighting: a review. Croatian Journal of Forest Engineering, 40(1): 207-219.
  • Marchi, E., Brachettı Montorselli, N., Neri, F. 2010. The role of forest road network in forest fire prevention and suppression: a case study in Italy. In Proceedings of FORMEC 2010 Forest Engineering: Meeting the Needs of the Society and the Environment, Padova, 1.
  • Marchi, E., Chung, W., Visser, R., Abbas, D., Nordfjell, T., Mederski, P.S., Laschi, A. 2018. Sustainable forest operations (SFO): a new paradigm in a changing world and climate. Science of the Total Environment 634: 1385-1397. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv. 2018.04.084.
  • Neyişçi, T. 1988. Orman yangınlarına ekolojik yaklaşım. Orman Mühendisliği Dergisi, 25(2): 26-29. Onaran, K., 2024. NNC Haber Online. https://www.nnchaber.com/bucak-ta-yanginin-izleri-silindi-orman-yeniden-yeserdi (Access date: 26.03.2024).
  • Pix4D, 2024. Pix4D online, https://www.pix4d.com/ (Access date: 11.02.2024).
  • Snavely, N., Seitz, S.M., Szeliski, R. 2007. Modeling the world from internet photo collections. International Journal of Computer Vision, 80(2): 189–210.
  • Yuan, C., Zhang, Y., Liu, Z. 2015. A survey on technologies for automatic forest fire monitoring, detection, and fighting using unmanned aerial vehicles and remote sensing techniques. Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 45(7):783-792. https://doi.org/10.1139/cjfr-2014-0347.

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 11 Sayı: 1, 42 - 47, 17.06.2025

Hakan Durgun , Mehmet Eker

https://doi.org/10.33904/ejfe.1540549

Öz

Kaynakça

  • Acar, H.H. 1998. An investigation on the transportation by trucks at mountainously regions. Journal of Agriculture and Forestry, 22: 499-506.
  • ArcGIS, 2024. ArcGIS online, https://www.arcgis.com/index.html (Access date: 10.02.2024).
  • Aruga, K., Sekiguchi, T., Sato, T., Shuin, Y. 2022. Evaluation of forest road damages using return periods caused by heavy rains in Kanuma and Nikko cities of Tochigi Prefecture, Japan. Forestist 72(1). Doi: 10.5152/forestist.2021.21013.
  • Aruga, K., Sessions, J., Akay, A.E. 2005. Heuristic planning techniques applied to forest road profiles. Journal of Forest Research, 10(2): 83-92. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10310-004-0100-4.
  • Avcı, M., Korkmaz, M. 2021. Forest fire problems in Turkey: Evaluations of some current issues. Turkish Journal of Forestry, 22(3): 229-240. doi: 10.18182/tjf.942706.
  • Balcı, İ., Çoban, H.O., Eker, M. 2000. Geographic Information System. SDÜ Faculty of Forestry Journal, 1(A):115-132.
  • Buğday, E. 2019. Applications of unmanned aerial vehicle in forest management. II. International Eurasian Conference on Biological and Chemical Sciences, June 28-29, Ankara, 1617-1621.
  • Butler, A., Sarlöv-Herlin, I., Knez, I., Ångman, E., Ode Sang, Å., Åkerskog, A. 2018. Landscape identity, before and after a forest fire. Landscape Research, 43(6):878-889. https://doi.org/10.1080/01426397. 2017.1344205.
  • Covington, W.W., Moore M.M. 1992. Postsettlement changes in natural fire regimes: ımplications for restoration of old-growth p. ponderosa forests. In: Old-Growth Forests in the Southwest and Rocky Mountain Regions (Eds.: M.R. Kaufmann, W.H. Moir and R.L. Bassett). Proceedings of a Workshop, Portal, March 9-13, Arizona.
  • Çoban, H.O. 2016. Earth observation satellite systems of Turkey and their availability for forestry applications. Turkish Journal of Forestry, 17(1): 99-107. https://doi.org/10.18182/tjf.92256.
  • Demir, M., Küçükosmanoğlu, A., Hasdemir, M., Acar, H. H. 2009. Assessment of forest roads and firebreaks in Turkey. African Journal of Biotechnology, 8(18): 4553-4561.
  • DJI, 2018. Mavic Air User Manual Online, https://dl.djicdn.com/downloads (Access date: 15.01.2024).
  • Durgun, H., Çoban, H.O., Eker, M. 2022. Estimating stem volume and measuring diameter and height of brutian pine trees from aerial photographs taken by unmanned aerial vehicle. Turkish Journal of Forestry, 23(4): 255-267. https://doi.org/10.18182/tjf.1199567.
  • Eker, M., Ada, N. 2011. The constitution of criteria and indicator set for quality analysis of a forest road. Turkish Journal of Forestry, 12(2): 89-97.
  • Eker, M., Çoban, H.O. 2009. Yangın sonrası hasat ve transport planlama modeli. I. Orman Yangınları ile Mücadele Sempozyumu, 07-10 Ocak, Antalya, 395-402.
  • Eker, M., Çoban, H.O. 2010. Impact of road network on the structure of a multifunctional forest landscape unit in Southern Turkey. Journal of Environmental Biology, 31: 157-168.
  • Eker, M., Acar, H.H., Çoban, H.O. 2010. The potential ecological impacts of forest roads. SDÜ Faculty of Forestry Journal, A(1): 109-125.
  • Erdaş, O. 1997. Forest Roads. Volume-I. Karadeniz Technical Üniversity, Faculty of Forestry, 187/25.
  • Forman, R.T.T., Sperling, D., Bissonette, J.A., Clevenger, A.P., Cutshall, C.D., Dale, V.H., Fahrig, L., France, R.L., Goldman, C.R., Heanue, K., Jones, J., Swanson, F., Turrentine, T., Winter, T.C. 2003. Road Ecology: Science and Solutions. Washington, DC: Island Press.
  • Ghamry, K.A., Kamel, M.A., Zhang, Y. 2017. Multiple UAVs in forest fire fighting mission using particle swarm optimization. In 2017 International Conference On Unmanned Aircraft Systems, 1404-1409.
  • GoogleEarth, 2024. Google Earth Pro. https://www.google.com/intl/tr/earth/about/ (Access date: 18.03.2024) Gucinski, H., Brooks, M.H., Furniss, M.J., Ziemer, R.R. 2001. Forest roads: a synthesis of scientific information. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, General Technical Report PNW-GTR-509, Portland, Oregon
  • IOBM, 2021. Çandır Orman İşletme Şefliği 2021 yılı Orman Amenajman Planı. Isparta Orman Bölge Müdürlüğü, Isparta.
  • Kaşan, R. 2009. Serik-Taşağıl yangının değerlendirilmesi. I. Orman Yangınları ile Mücadele Sempozyumu, 07-10 Ocak, Antalya, 209-215.
  • Koç, A. 1993. Coğrafi bilgi sisteminde veriler ve elde ediliş yöntemleri. İÜ Orman Fakültesi Dergisi, 43(B): 1-2, 117-134.
  • Laschi, A., Foderi, C., Fabiano, F., Neri, F., Cambi, M., Mariotti, B., Marchi, E. 2019. Forest road planning, construction and maintenance to improve forest fire fighting: a review. Croatian Journal of Forest Engineering, 40(1): 207-219.
  • Marchi, E., Brachettı Montorselli, N., Neri, F. 2010. The role of forest road network in forest fire prevention and suppression: a case study in Italy. In Proceedings of FORMEC 2010 Forest Engineering: Meeting the Needs of the Society and the Environment, Padova, 1.
  • Marchi, E., Chung, W., Visser, R., Abbas, D., Nordfjell, T., Mederski, P.S., Laschi, A. 2018. Sustainable forest operations (SFO): a new paradigm in a changing world and climate. Science of the Total Environment 634: 1385-1397. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv. 2018.04.084.
  • Neyişçi, T. 1988. Orman yangınlarına ekolojik yaklaşım. Orman Mühendisliği Dergisi, 25(2): 26-29. Onaran, K., 2024. NNC Haber Online. https://www.nnchaber.com/bucak-ta-yanginin-izleri-silindi-orman-yeniden-yeserdi (Access date: 26.03.2024).
  • Pix4D, 2024. Pix4D online, https://www.pix4d.com/ (Access date: 11.02.2024).
  • Snavely, N., Seitz, S.M., Szeliski, R. 2007. Modeling the world from internet photo collections. International Journal of Computer Vision, 80(2): 189–210.
  • Yuan, C., Zhang, Y., Liu, Z. 2015. A survey on technologies for automatic forest fire monitoring, detection, and fighting using unmanned aerial vehicles and remote sensing techniques. Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 45(7):783-792. https://doi.org/10.1139/cjfr-2014-0347.
Toplam 31 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Orman Ürünleri Transportu ve Ölçme Bilgisi
Bölüm Research Articles
Yazarlar

Hakan Durgun 0000-0002-2220-4472

Mehmet Eker 0000-0002-1817-3706

Erken Görünüm Tarihi 4 Mayıs 2025
Yayımlanma Tarihi 17 Haziran 2025
Gönderilme Tarihi 29 Ağustos 2024
Kabul Tarihi 24 Ekim 2024
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2025 Cilt: 11 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Durgun, H., & Eker, M. (2025). Determination of Changes in Forest Road Network in Fire-Affected Areas by UAV. European Journal of Forest Engineering, 11(1), 42-47. https://doi.org/10.33904/ejfe.1540549
 Kapak Resmi İndir

Creative Commons License

The works published in European Journal of Forest Engineering (EJFE) are licensed under a  Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.