Araştırma Makalesi
BibTex RIS Kaynak Göster

Rss-14 (Religious and Spiritual Struggle Scale) Turkish Adaptation and Examining It’s Effect on Work Motivation

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 7 Sayı: 1, 1 - 24, 30.04.2025

Hatice Kübra Yapici Kuru , Elif Baykal

https://doi.org/10.38009/ekimad.1621097

Öz

In this study, the adaptation process of The RSS-14: Religious and Spiritual Struggles Scale to Turkish is discussed in detail. In the first stage, the items in the original language of the scale were translated into Turkish and in order to ensure linguistic equivalence, the translation was carried out by two experts who are fluent in English and Turkish. After the translation, linguistic equivalence and cultural equivalence analyses were conducted. Following this study, the temporary Turkish scale and the scale questions in the original language were included in the pilot study. In the pilot study, correlation coefficients between the questions in both languages were calculated, and related group t-test, coefficient of moments and cultural appropriateness validity scope scores were examined. Factor analysis was performed on the translated version of the scale into Turkish and it was determined that the factor loadings ranged between .553 and .937. The Interpersonal Struggles dimension with a factor loading value below .30 was removed from the scale. Reliability analysis was performed using Cronbach's Alpha value and the lowest was found to be .808. Finally, the final scale was tested on 261 participants, with factor loading values ranging from .638 to 1.011, confirming the reliability and validity of the scale. The data obtained were analyzed in the IBM SPSS Statistics program

Anahtar Kelimeler

Religious and spiritual struggles spirituality scale adaptation spirituality workplace spirituality work motivation

Kaynakça

  • Abu-Raiya, H., Pargament, K. I., Krause, N., & Ironson, G. (2015). Robust links between religious/spiritual struggles, psychological distress, and well-being in a national sapla of American adults. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 85(6), 565.
  • Aksoy, H. (2006). Örgüt ikliminin motivasyon üzerine etkisi (Master's thesis, Marmara Universitesi (Turkey)). Ano, G. G., Pargament, K. I., Wong, S., & Pomerleau, J. (2017). From vice to virtue: Evaluating a manualized intervention for moral spiritual struggles. Spirituality in Clinical Practice, 4(2), 129.
  • Ashmos, D. P. and Duchon, D. (2000), “Spirituality at Work: A Conceptualization and Measure”, Journal of Management Inquiry, 9 (2), 134-145.
  • Aslan, M., & Doğan, S. (2020). Dışsal Motivasyon, İçsel Motivasyon ve Performans Etkileşimine Kuramsal Bir Bakış. Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Vizyoner Dergisi, 11(26), 291-301.
  • Bahadır, M. (2018). Hizmet Sektöründe Gelir Unsurunun İş Motivasyonuna ve Aile İçi Huzura Etkisi: Kastamonu Üniversitesi Örneği (Doctoral dissertation, Kastamonu Üniversitesi).
  • Baldassarre, G. (2011, August). What Are Intrinsic Motivations? A Biological Perspective. In 2011 IEEE international conference on development and learning (ICDL) (Vol. 2, pp. 1-8). IEEE.
  • Basalamah, M. S. A., & As’ad, A. (2021). The Role of Work Motivation and Work Environment in Improving Job Satisfaction. Golden Ratio of Human Resource Management, 1(2), 94-103.
  • Baykal, E. (2019). Participation banks: A suitable environment for workplace spirituality. Mevzu–Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, (2), 43-63.
  • Beçetek, G. (2021). Polislerde Stresle Başa Çıkmada Maneviyatın Rolü (Master's Thesis, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü).
  • Benner, D. G. 1989. Toward A Psychology of Spirituality: Implications for Personality and Psychotherapy. Journal of Psychology and Christianity 5: 19-30
  • Brelsford, G. M., & Doheny, K. K. (2022). Parents’ spiritual struggles and stress: Associations with mental health and cognitive well-being following a neonatal intensive care unit experience. Psychology of Religion and Spirituality, 14(1), 119
  • Breuninger, M. M., Wilt, J. A., Bautista, C. L., Pargament, K. I., Exline, J. J., Fletcher, T. L., Stanley A,M., & Teng, E. J. (2019). The invisible battle: A descriptive study of religious/spiritual struggles in veterans. Military Psychology, 31(6), 433-449
  • Chalofsky, N. (2003). An Emerging Construct for Meaningful Work. Human Resource Development International Jornal, 6(1), 69-83.
  • Daniel, J. L. (2019). Trust as a Mediator Of Workplace Spirituality and Job Performance. Journal of Business and Behavioral Sciences, 31(2), 80-103.
  • Deci, E. L., Vallerand, R. J., Pelletier, L. G., & Ryan, R. M. (1991). Motivation and Education: The Self-Determination Perspective. Educational psychologist, 26(3-4), 325-346.
  • Demiroğlu, B. (2021). Yetişkinlerin Maneviyat ve Sosyal Medya Bağımlılık Düzeyleri Arasındaki İlişkinin İncelenmesi (Master's thesis, İstanbul Sabahattin Zaim Üniversitesi).
  • Dizdar, A. (2009). Çalışanların İçsel Motivasyon Algısı ve Konuyla İlgili Bir Uygulama (Doktorla dissertation, Marmara Universitesi (Turkey)).
  • Duchon, D., & Plowman, D. A. (2005). Nurturing the Spirit at Work: Impact on Work Unit Performance. The leadership quarterly, 16(5), 807-833.
  • Dursun, N. (2019). Evli ve Bekar Bireylerin Yaşamının Anlamı ve Maneviyat İlişkisi Arasındaki İlişkiyi İncelemek (Yüksek Lisans Tezi, İstanbul Sabahattin Zaim Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Aile Danışmanlığı ve Eğitimi Anabilim Dalı).
  • Esperandio, M. R. G., Viacava, J. J. C., Franco, R. S., Pargament, K. I., & Exline, J. J. (2022). Brazilian adaptation and validation of the religious and spiritual struggles (RSS) scale—extended and short version. Religions, 13(4), 282
  • Exline, J. J., Grubbs, J. B., & Homolka, S. J. (2015). Seeing God as cruel or distant: Links with divine struggles involving anger, doubt, and fear of God's disapproval. The International Journal for the Psychology of Religion, 25(1), 29-41.
  • Exline, J. J., Pargament, K. I., Grubbs, J. B., & Yali, A. M. (2014). The Religious and Spiritual Struggles Scale: Development and initial validation. Psychology of Religion and Spirituality, 6(3), 208.
  • Exline, J. J., Pargament, K. I., Wilt, J. A., Grubbs, J. B., & Yali, A. M. (2023). The RSS-14: Development and preliminary validation of a 14-item form of the Religious and Spiritual Struggles Scale. Psychology of Religion and Spirituality, 15(4), 592.
  • Exline, J. J., Przeworski, A., Peterson, E. K., Turnamian, M. R., Stauner, N., & Uzdavines, A. (2021). Religious and spiritual struggles among transgender and gender-nonconforming adults. Psychology of Religion and Spirituality, 13(3), 276
  • Exline, J. J., Schutt, W. A., Pait, K. C., & Wilt, J. A. (2022). Do Psychedelic Trips Open the Door to Messages from God, Spirits, Transcendent Realities, or the Devil? Links with Attitudes About Psychedelics, Opinions About Legalization, and Interest in Personal Use. The International Journal for the Psychology of Religion, 1-19.
  • Exline, J. J., Van Tongeren, D. R., Bradley, D. F., Wilt, J. A., Stauner, N., Pargament, K. I., & DeWall, C. N. (2020). Pulling away from religion: Religious/spiritual struggles and religious disengagement among college students. Psychology of Religion and Spirituality.
  • Fairholm, G. W.. (1996). Spiritual Leadership: Fulfilling Whole-Self Needs at Work. Leadership & Organizational Development Journal, 17 (5): 11-17.
  • Falewicz, A., Szcześniak, M., Rybarski, R., Chmiel, M., Wilt, J. A., & Zarzycka, B. (2023). Polish validation of a 14-item version of the religious and spiritual struggles scale (RSS-14): Factorial structure, psychometric properties, and clinical correlates. Journal of religion and health, 62(5), 3579-3603.
  • Fry, L. W. (2003). Toward a theory of spiritual leadership. The leadership quarterly, 14(6), 693-727.
  • Girdwichai, L., & Sriviboon, C. (2020). Employee Motivation And Performance: Do The Work Environment and The Training Matter?. Journal of Security & Sustainability Issues, 9.
  • Gökkaya, S., & Türker, N. (2018). İş Motivasyonu ile İş Tatmini Üzerine Otel İşletmelerinde Karşılaştırmalı bir Araştırma. İktisadi İdari ve Siyasal Araştırmalar Dergisi, 3(5), 12-2
  • Ilgaz, H., & Aşkar, P. (2009). Çevrimiçi Uzaktan Eğitim Ortamında Topluluk Hissi Ölçeği Geliştirme Çalışması. Turkish Journal of Computer and Mathematics Education (TURCOMAT), 1(1).
  • Jawanmard, H. (2012). The Impact of Spirituality on Work Performance. Indian Journal of Science and Technology, 5(1): 1961-1966
  • Jeon, K. S., & Choi, B. K. (2021). Workplace spirituality, organizational commitment and life satisfaction: the moderating role of religious affiliation. Journal of Organizational Change Management, 34(5), 1125-1143.
  • Kalogiannidis, S. (2021). Impact of Employee Motivation on Organizational Performance. A Scoping Review Paper for Public Sector. The Strategic Journal of Business & Change Management, 8 (3), 984, 996, 3.
  • Kanfer, R., Frese, M., & Johnson, R. E. (2017). Motivation related to work: A century of progress. Journal of Applied Psychology, 102(3), 338.
  • Karakas, F. (2010). Spirituality and Performance in Organizations: A Literature Review. Journal of business ethics, 94(1), 89-106.
  • Keleş, H. N. (2011). Y Kuşağı Çalışanlarının Motivasyon Profillerinin Belirlenmesine Yönelik Bir Araştırma. Organizasyon ve Yönetim Bilimleri Dergisi, 3(2), 129-139
  • Keleş, H. N. (2017). Anlamlı İş ile Psikolojik İyi Oluş İlişkisi. The Journal of Happiness & Well-Being, 5(1), 154-167.
  • Khanifar H., G. Jandaghi & S. Shojaie (2010). “Organizational Consideration between Spirituality and Professional Commitment”. European Journal of Social Sciences, V. 12 (4): 558-571
  • Khari, C., & Sinha, S. (2017). Impact of workplace spirituality on knowledge sharing intention: A conceptual framework. Journal of Human Values, 23(1), 27-39.
  • Kızılırmak, Ö. (2015). Genç Yetişkinlerde Yaşamda Anlamın Maneviyat ve Kişilik Özellikleri Açısından İncelenmesi, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Gazi Üniversitesi Eğitim Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Ankara.
  • Kimter, N. (2013). Din ve maneviyatı kavramlaştırma: birleşme ve ayrılma noktaları. Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi, (3), 85-118.
  • Kinjerski, V. M., & Skrypnek, B. J. (2004). Defining spirit at work: Finding common ground. Journal of organizational change management, 17(1), 26-42.
  • Köroğlu, Ö. (2011). İş Doyumu ve Motivasyon Düzeylerini Etkileyen Faktörlerin Performansla İlişkisi: Turist rehberleri üzerine bir araştırma. (Doctoral dissertation, Balıkesir Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü).
  • Krause, N., Pargament, K. I., Ironson, G., & Hill, P. (2017). Religious involvement, financial strain, and poly-drug use: Exploring the moderating role of meaning in life. Substance use & misuse, 52(3), 286-293
  • Lepherd, L. (2015). Spirituality: Everyone has it, but what is it?. International Journal of Nursing Practice, 21(5), 566-574.
  • Mahmoud, A. B., Fuxman, L., Mohr, I., Reisel, W. D., & Grigoriou, N. (2021). “We Aren't Your Reincarnation!” Workplace Motivation Across X, Y and Z Generations. International Journal of Manpower, 42(1), 193-209.
  • Marques, J., Dhiman, S., & King, R. (2005). Spirituality in the workplace: Developing an integral model and a comprehensive definition. Journal of American Academy of Business, 7(1), 81-91.
  • McConnell, K. M., Pargament, K. I., Ellison, C. G., & Flannelly, K. J. (2006). Examining the links between spiritual struggles and symptoms of psychopathology in a national sample. Journal of clinical psychology, 62(12), 1469-1484.
  • McMillan, D. W. (1996). Sense of community. Journal of community psychology, 24(4), 315-325
  • McMillan, D. W., & Chavis, D. M. (1986). Sense of community: A definition and theory. Journal of community psychology, 14(1), 6-23.
  • Milliman, J., Czaplewski, A.J. and Ferguson, J. (2003), “Workplace spirituality and employee work attitudes: an exploratory empirical assessment”, Journal of Organizational Change Management, Vol. 16 No. 4, pp. 426‐47.
  • Neck, C.P., and J.F. Milliman. 1994. Thought self-leadership: Finding spiritual fulfillment in organizational life. Journal of Managerial Psychology 6: 9–16
  • Ok, Ü. (2006). Türkiye’de din psikolojisi: Neredeyiz ve nereye gidebiliriz. İslami Araştırmalar Dergisi, 19(3), 441-456.
  • Oran, F. Ç. (2012). Örgütsel Bağlılık ve İş Motivasyonu İlişkisi: Kamu sektöründe bir uygulama (Master's thesis, Trakya Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü).
  • Örgev, M., & Günalan, M. (2011). İşyeri maneviyatı üzerine eleştirel bir değerlendirme. Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 1(2), 51-64.
  • Pardasani, R., Sharma, R. R., & Bindlish, P. (2014). Facilitating workplace spirituality: lessons from Indian spiritual traditions. Journal of Management Development
  • Paul Victor, C. G., & Treschuk, J. V. (2020). Critical literature review on the definition clarity of the concept of faith, religion, and spirituality. Journal of Holistic Nursing, 38(1), 107-113.
  • Pawar, B. S. (2009). Workplace spirituality facilitation: A comprehensive model. Journal of business ethics, 90(3), 375-386.
  • Petchsawang, P., ve Duchon, D. "Measuring Workplace Spirituality in an Asian Context." Journal of Managerial Psychology 24, no. 5 (2009): 472-484.
  • Pradhan, R. K., Jenar, L. K., & Soto, C. M. (2017). Workplace spirituality in Indian organisations: Construction of reliable and valid measurement scale. Business: Theory and Practice, 18, 43-53.
  • Ramadanty, S., & Martinus, H. (2016). Organizational Communication: Communication and Motivation in the Workplace. Humaniora, 7(1), 77-86.
  • Rathee, R., & Rajain, P. (2020). Workplace spirituality: A comparative study of various models. Jindal Journal of Business Research, 9(1), 27-40.
  • Rego, A., & Pina e Cunha, M. (2008). Workplace spirituality and organizational commitment: an empirical study. Journal of organizational change management, 21(1), 53-75.
  • Rovai, A. P. (2002). Building sense of community at a distance. International Review of Research in Open and Distributed Learning, 3(1), 1-16
  • Stauner, N., Exline, J. J., Kusina, J. R., & Pargament, K. I. (2019). Religious and spiritual struggles, religiousness, and alcohol problems among undergraduates. Journal of Prevention & Intervention in the Community, 47(3), 243-258.
  • Şahin, S., (2021). Örgüt İkliminin Çalışanların İş Motivasyonuna Etkisi ve Buna Yönelik Bir Araştırma (Master's thesis, İstanbul Aydın Üniversitesi, Eğitim Enstitüsü)
  • Tepper, B. J. (2003). "Organizational citizenship behavior and the spiritual self: Exploring the relationship in a work context." Academy of Management Review, 28(2), 183-200.
  • Toptaş, B. (2018). Öğretmenlerin İşlerini Anlamlı Bulma Düzeyleri ve İşlerini Anlamlı Bulmalarını Etkileyen Etmenler. Abant İzzet Baysal Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 18(1), 521-542.
  • Ünsar, A. S., İnan, A., & Yürük, P. (2010). Çalışma Hayatında Motivasyon ve Kişiyi Motive Eden Faktörler: Bir Alan Araştırması. Trakya Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 12(1), 248-262.
  • Vieten, C., & Lukoff, D. (2022). Spiritual and religious competencies in psychology. American Psychologist, 77(1), 26.
  • Weinberg, F. J., & Locander, W. B. (2014). Advancing Workplace Spiritual Development: A Dyadic Mentoring Approach. The Leadership Quarterly, 25(2), 391-408.
  • Wilt, J. A., Stauner, N., Lindberg, M. J., Grubbs, J. B., Exline, J. J., & Pargament, K. I. (2018). Struggle with ultimate meaning: Nuanced associations with search for meaning, presence of meaning, and mental health. The Journal of Positive Psychology, 13(3), 240-251.
  • Yıldırım, A., & Simsek, H. (1999). Sosyal bilimlerde nitel araştırma yöntemleri (11 baski: 1999-2018).
  • Yılmaz, P. S. (2016). Motivasyon ve Motivasyon ile Bağlantılı Faktörler: Beyaz Yaka Çalışanlara Yönelik Yapısal Eşitlik Modeli Uygulaması. Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Endüstri Mühendisliği Anabilim Dalı, Yüksek Lisans Tezi.
  • Zarzycka, B., & Zietek, P. (2019). Spiritual growth or decline and meaning-making as mediators of anxiety and satisfaction with life during religious struggle. Journal of religion and health, 58, 1072-1086

Rss-14 (Dini ve Manevi Mücadele Ölçeği) Türkçeye Uyarlaması ve İş Motivasyonuna Etkisinin İncelenmesi

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 7 Sayı: 1, 1 - 24, 30.04.2025

Hatice Kübra Yapici Kuru , Elif Baykal

https://doi.org/10.38009/ekimad.1621097

Öz

Bu çalışmada, The RSS-14: Religious and Spiritual Struggles Scale (Dini ve Manevi Mücadeleler Ölçeği)'nin Türkçe'ye uyarlanma süreci detaylı bir şekilde ele alınmıştır. İlk aşamada, ölçeğin orijinal dildeki maddeleri Türkçeye çevrilmiş ve dilsel eşdeğerliği sağlamak için İngilizce ve Türkçe dillerine hâkim iki uzman tarafından çeviri yapılmıştır. Çeviri sonrası, dilsel eşdeğerlilik ve kültürel eş değerlik analizleri gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bu çalışmanın ardından geçici Türkçe ölçek ve orijinal dildeki ölçek soruları pilot çalışmaya dâhil edilmiştir. Pilot çalışmada, her iki dildeki sorular arasındaki korelasyon katsayıları hesaplanmış, ilişkili grup t testi, momentler katsayısı ve kültürel uygunluk geçerlik kapsam puanları incelenmiştir. Ölçeğin Türkçeye çevrilen versiyonunun faktör analizi yapılmış ve faktör yüklerinin .553 ile .937 arasında değiştiği tespit edilmiştir. Faktör yük değeri .30’un altında olan kişilerarası mücadeleler boyutu ölçekten çıkartılmıştır. Güvenirlik analizi Cronbach Alpha değeriyle yapılmış ve en düşük .808 olarak bulunmuştur. Son olarak, nihai ölçek 261 katılımcı üzerinde test edilerek, faktör yük değerleri .638 ile 1.011 arasında değişmiş, ölçeğin güvenilirliği ve geçerliği doğrulanmıştır. Elde edilen veriler IBM SPSS Statistics programında analiz edilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Maneviyat işyeri maneviyatı iş motivasyonu ölçek uyarlama dini ve manevi mücadeleler

Kaynakça

  • Abu-Raiya, H., Pargament, K. I., Krause, N., & Ironson, G. (2015). Robust links between religious/spiritual struggles, psychological distress, and well-being in a national sapla of American adults. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 85(6), 565.
  • Aksoy, H. (2006). Örgüt ikliminin motivasyon üzerine etkisi (Master's thesis, Marmara Universitesi (Turkey)). Ano, G. G., Pargament, K. I., Wong, S., & Pomerleau, J. (2017). From vice to virtue: Evaluating a manualized intervention for moral spiritual struggles. Spirituality in Clinical Practice, 4(2), 129.
  • Ashmos, D. P. and Duchon, D. (2000), “Spirituality at Work: A Conceptualization and Measure”, Journal of Management Inquiry, 9 (2), 134-145.
  • Aslan, M., & Doğan, S. (2020). Dışsal Motivasyon, İçsel Motivasyon ve Performans Etkileşimine Kuramsal Bir Bakış. Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Vizyoner Dergisi, 11(26), 291-301.
  • Bahadır, M. (2018). Hizmet Sektöründe Gelir Unsurunun İş Motivasyonuna ve Aile İçi Huzura Etkisi: Kastamonu Üniversitesi Örneği (Doctoral dissertation, Kastamonu Üniversitesi).
  • Baldassarre, G. (2011, August). What Are Intrinsic Motivations? A Biological Perspective. In 2011 IEEE international conference on development and learning (ICDL) (Vol. 2, pp. 1-8). IEEE.
  • Basalamah, M. S. A., & As’ad, A. (2021). The Role of Work Motivation and Work Environment in Improving Job Satisfaction. Golden Ratio of Human Resource Management, 1(2), 94-103.
  • Baykal, E. (2019). Participation banks: A suitable environment for workplace spirituality. Mevzu–Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, (2), 43-63.
  • Beçetek, G. (2021). Polislerde Stresle Başa Çıkmada Maneviyatın Rolü (Master's Thesis, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü).
  • Benner, D. G. 1989. Toward A Psychology of Spirituality: Implications for Personality and Psychotherapy. Journal of Psychology and Christianity 5: 19-30
  • Brelsford, G. M., & Doheny, K. K. (2022). Parents’ spiritual struggles and stress: Associations with mental health and cognitive well-being following a neonatal intensive care unit experience. Psychology of Religion and Spirituality, 14(1), 119
  • Breuninger, M. M., Wilt, J. A., Bautista, C. L., Pargament, K. I., Exline, J. J., Fletcher, T. L., Stanley A,M., & Teng, E. J. (2019). The invisible battle: A descriptive study of religious/spiritual struggles in veterans. Military Psychology, 31(6), 433-449
  • Chalofsky, N. (2003). An Emerging Construct for Meaningful Work. Human Resource Development International Jornal, 6(1), 69-83.
  • Daniel, J. L. (2019). Trust as a Mediator Of Workplace Spirituality and Job Performance. Journal of Business and Behavioral Sciences, 31(2), 80-103.
  • Deci, E. L., Vallerand, R. J., Pelletier, L. G., & Ryan, R. M. (1991). Motivation and Education: The Self-Determination Perspective. Educational psychologist, 26(3-4), 325-346.
  • Demiroğlu, B. (2021). Yetişkinlerin Maneviyat ve Sosyal Medya Bağımlılık Düzeyleri Arasındaki İlişkinin İncelenmesi (Master's thesis, İstanbul Sabahattin Zaim Üniversitesi).
  • Dizdar, A. (2009). Çalışanların İçsel Motivasyon Algısı ve Konuyla İlgili Bir Uygulama (Doktorla dissertation, Marmara Universitesi (Turkey)).
  • Duchon, D., & Plowman, D. A. (2005). Nurturing the Spirit at Work: Impact on Work Unit Performance. The leadership quarterly, 16(5), 807-833.
  • Dursun, N. (2019). Evli ve Bekar Bireylerin Yaşamının Anlamı ve Maneviyat İlişkisi Arasındaki İlişkiyi İncelemek (Yüksek Lisans Tezi, İstanbul Sabahattin Zaim Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Aile Danışmanlığı ve Eğitimi Anabilim Dalı).
  • Esperandio, M. R. G., Viacava, J. J. C., Franco, R. S., Pargament, K. I., & Exline, J. J. (2022). Brazilian adaptation and validation of the religious and spiritual struggles (RSS) scale—extended and short version. Religions, 13(4), 282
  • Exline, J. J., Grubbs, J. B., & Homolka, S. J. (2015). Seeing God as cruel or distant: Links with divine struggles involving anger, doubt, and fear of God's disapproval. The International Journal for the Psychology of Religion, 25(1), 29-41.
  • Exline, J. J., Pargament, K. I., Grubbs, J. B., & Yali, A. M. (2014). The Religious and Spiritual Struggles Scale: Development and initial validation. Psychology of Religion and Spirituality, 6(3), 208.
  • Exline, J. J., Pargament, K. I., Wilt, J. A., Grubbs, J. B., & Yali, A. M. (2023). The RSS-14: Development and preliminary validation of a 14-item form of the Religious and Spiritual Struggles Scale. Psychology of Religion and Spirituality, 15(4), 592.
  • Exline, J. J., Przeworski, A., Peterson, E. K., Turnamian, M. R., Stauner, N., & Uzdavines, A. (2021). Religious and spiritual struggles among transgender and gender-nonconforming adults. Psychology of Religion and Spirituality, 13(3), 276
  • Exline, J. J., Schutt, W. A., Pait, K. C., & Wilt, J. A. (2022). Do Psychedelic Trips Open the Door to Messages from God, Spirits, Transcendent Realities, or the Devil? Links with Attitudes About Psychedelics, Opinions About Legalization, and Interest in Personal Use. The International Journal for the Psychology of Religion, 1-19.
  • Exline, J. J., Van Tongeren, D. R., Bradley, D. F., Wilt, J. A., Stauner, N., Pargament, K. I., & DeWall, C. N. (2020). Pulling away from religion: Religious/spiritual struggles and religious disengagement among college students. Psychology of Religion and Spirituality.
  • Fairholm, G. W.. (1996). Spiritual Leadership: Fulfilling Whole-Self Needs at Work. Leadership & Organizational Development Journal, 17 (5): 11-17.
  • Falewicz, A., Szcześniak, M., Rybarski, R., Chmiel, M., Wilt, J. A., & Zarzycka, B. (2023). Polish validation of a 14-item version of the religious and spiritual struggles scale (RSS-14): Factorial structure, psychometric properties, and clinical correlates. Journal of religion and health, 62(5), 3579-3603.
  • Fry, L. W. (2003). Toward a theory of spiritual leadership. The leadership quarterly, 14(6), 693-727.
  • Girdwichai, L., & Sriviboon, C. (2020). Employee Motivation And Performance: Do The Work Environment and The Training Matter?. Journal of Security & Sustainability Issues, 9.
  • Gökkaya, S., & Türker, N. (2018). İş Motivasyonu ile İş Tatmini Üzerine Otel İşletmelerinde Karşılaştırmalı bir Araştırma. İktisadi İdari ve Siyasal Araştırmalar Dergisi, 3(5), 12-2
  • Ilgaz, H., & Aşkar, P. (2009). Çevrimiçi Uzaktan Eğitim Ortamında Topluluk Hissi Ölçeği Geliştirme Çalışması. Turkish Journal of Computer and Mathematics Education (TURCOMAT), 1(1).
  • Jawanmard, H. (2012). The Impact of Spirituality on Work Performance. Indian Journal of Science and Technology, 5(1): 1961-1966
  • Jeon, K. S., & Choi, B. K. (2021). Workplace spirituality, organizational commitment and life satisfaction: the moderating role of religious affiliation. Journal of Organizational Change Management, 34(5), 1125-1143.
  • Kalogiannidis, S. (2021). Impact of Employee Motivation on Organizational Performance. A Scoping Review Paper for Public Sector. The Strategic Journal of Business & Change Management, 8 (3), 984, 996, 3.
  • Kanfer, R., Frese, M., & Johnson, R. E. (2017). Motivation related to work: A century of progress. Journal of Applied Psychology, 102(3), 338.
  • Karakas, F. (2010). Spirituality and Performance in Organizations: A Literature Review. Journal of business ethics, 94(1), 89-106.
  • Keleş, H. N. (2011). Y Kuşağı Çalışanlarının Motivasyon Profillerinin Belirlenmesine Yönelik Bir Araştırma. Organizasyon ve Yönetim Bilimleri Dergisi, 3(2), 129-139
  • Keleş, H. N. (2017). Anlamlı İş ile Psikolojik İyi Oluş İlişkisi. The Journal of Happiness & Well-Being, 5(1), 154-167.
  • Khanifar H., G. Jandaghi & S. Shojaie (2010). “Organizational Consideration between Spirituality and Professional Commitment”. European Journal of Social Sciences, V. 12 (4): 558-571
  • Khari, C., & Sinha, S. (2017). Impact of workplace spirituality on knowledge sharing intention: A conceptual framework. Journal of Human Values, 23(1), 27-39.
  • Kızılırmak, Ö. (2015). Genç Yetişkinlerde Yaşamda Anlamın Maneviyat ve Kişilik Özellikleri Açısından İncelenmesi, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Gazi Üniversitesi Eğitim Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Ankara.
  • Kimter, N. (2013). Din ve maneviyatı kavramlaştırma: birleşme ve ayrılma noktaları. Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi, (3), 85-118.
  • Kinjerski, V. M., & Skrypnek, B. J. (2004). Defining spirit at work: Finding common ground. Journal of organizational change management, 17(1), 26-42.
  • Köroğlu, Ö. (2011). İş Doyumu ve Motivasyon Düzeylerini Etkileyen Faktörlerin Performansla İlişkisi: Turist rehberleri üzerine bir araştırma. (Doctoral dissertation, Balıkesir Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü).
  • Krause, N., Pargament, K. I., Ironson, G., & Hill, P. (2017). Religious involvement, financial strain, and poly-drug use: Exploring the moderating role of meaning in life. Substance use & misuse, 52(3), 286-293
  • Lepherd, L. (2015). Spirituality: Everyone has it, but what is it?. International Journal of Nursing Practice, 21(5), 566-574.
  • Mahmoud, A. B., Fuxman, L., Mohr, I., Reisel, W. D., & Grigoriou, N. (2021). “We Aren't Your Reincarnation!” Workplace Motivation Across X, Y and Z Generations. International Journal of Manpower, 42(1), 193-209.
  • Marques, J., Dhiman, S., & King, R. (2005). Spirituality in the workplace: Developing an integral model and a comprehensive definition. Journal of American Academy of Business, 7(1), 81-91.
  • McConnell, K. M., Pargament, K. I., Ellison, C. G., & Flannelly, K. J. (2006). Examining the links between spiritual struggles and symptoms of psychopathology in a national sample. Journal of clinical psychology, 62(12), 1469-1484.
  • McMillan, D. W. (1996). Sense of community. Journal of community psychology, 24(4), 315-325
  • McMillan, D. W., & Chavis, D. M. (1986). Sense of community: A definition and theory. Journal of community psychology, 14(1), 6-23.
  • Milliman, J., Czaplewski, A.J. and Ferguson, J. (2003), “Workplace spirituality and employee work attitudes: an exploratory empirical assessment”, Journal of Organizational Change Management, Vol. 16 No. 4, pp. 426‐47.
  • Neck, C.P., and J.F. Milliman. 1994. Thought self-leadership: Finding spiritual fulfillment in organizational life. Journal of Managerial Psychology 6: 9–16
  • Ok, Ü. (2006). Türkiye’de din psikolojisi: Neredeyiz ve nereye gidebiliriz. İslami Araştırmalar Dergisi, 19(3), 441-456.
  • Oran, F. Ç. (2012). Örgütsel Bağlılık ve İş Motivasyonu İlişkisi: Kamu sektöründe bir uygulama (Master's thesis, Trakya Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü).
  • Örgev, M., & Günalan, M. (2011). İşyeri maneviyatı üzerine eleştirel bir değerlendirme. Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 1(2), 51-64.
  • Pardasani, R., Sharma, R. R., & Bindlish, P. (2014). Facilitating workplace spirituality: lessons from Indian spiritual traditions. Journal of Management Development
  • Paul Victor, C. G., & Treschuk, J. V. (2020). Critical literature review on the definition clarity of the concept of faith, religion, and spirituality. Journal of Holistic Nursing, 38(1), 107-113.
  • Pawar, B. S. (2009). Workplace spirituality facilitation: A comprehensive model. Journal of business ethics, 90(3), 375-386.
  • Petchsawang, P., ve Duchon, D. "Measuring Workplace Spirituality in an Asian Context." Journal of Managerial Psychology 24, no. 5 (2009): 472-484.
  • Pradhan, R. K., Jenar, L. K., & Soto, C. M. (2017). Workplace spirituality in Indian organisations: Construction of reliable and valid measurement scale. Business: Theory and Practice, 18, 43-53.
  • Ramadanty, S., & Martinus, H. (2016). Organizational Communication: Communication and Motivation in the Workplace. Humaniora, 7(1), 77-86.
  • Rathee, R., & Rajain, P. (2020). Workplace spirituality: A comparative study of various models. Jindal Journal of Business Research, 9(1), 27-40.
  • Rego, A., & Pina e Cunha, M. (2008). Workplace spirituality and organizational commitment: an empirical study. Journal of organizational change management, 21(1), 53-75.
  • Rovai, A. P. (2002). Building sense of community at a distance. International Review of Research in Open and Distributed Learning, 3(1), 1-16
  • Stauner, N., Exline, J. J., Kusina, J. R., & Pargament, K. I. (2019). Religious and spiritual struggles, religiousness, and alcohol problems among undergraduates. Journal of Prevention & Intervention in the Community, 47(3), 243-258.
  • Şahin, S., (2021). Örgüt İkliminin Çalışanların İş Motivasyonuna Etkisi ve Buna Yönelik Bir Araştırma (Master's thesis, İstanbul Aydın Üniversitesi, Eğitim Enstitüsü)
  • Tepper, B. J. (2003). "Organizational citizenship behavior and the spiritual self: Exploring the relationship in a work context." Academy of Management Review, 28(2), 183-200.
  • Toptaş, B. (2018). Öğretmenlerin İşlerini Anlamlı Bulma Düzeyleri ve İşlerini Anlamlı Bulmalarını Etkileyen Etmenler. Abant İzzet Baysal Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 18(1), 521-542.
  • Ünsar, A. S., İnan, A., & Yürük, P. (2010). Çalışma Hayatında Motivasyon ve Kişiyi Motive Eden Faktörler: Bir Alan Araştırması. Trakya Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 12(1), 248-262.
  • Vieten, C., & Lukoff, D. (2022). Spiritual and religious competencies in psychology. American Psychologist, 77(1), 26.
  • Weinberg, F. J., & Locander, W. B. (2014). Advancing Workplace Spiritual Development: A Dyadic Mentoring Approach. The Leadership Quarterly, 25(2), 391-408.
  • Wilt, J. A., Stauner, N., Lindberg, M. J., Grubbs, J. B., Exline, J. J., & Pargament, K. I. (2018). Struggle with ultimate meaning: Nuanced associations with search for meaning, presence of meaning, and mental health. The Journal of Positive Psychology, 13(3), 240-251.
  • Yıldırım, A., & Simsek, H. (1999). Sosyal bilimlerde nitel araştırma yöntemleri (11 baski: 1999-2018).
  • Yılmaz, P. S. (2016). Motivasyon ve Motivasyon ile Bağlantılı Faktörler: Beyaz Yaka Çalışanlara Yönelik Yapısal Eşitlik Modeli Uygulaması. Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Endüstri Mühendisliği Anabilim Dalı, Yüksek Lisans Tezi.
  • Zarzycka, B., & Zietek, P. (2019). Spiritual growth or decline and meaning-making as mediators of anxiety and satisfaction with life during religious struggle. Journal of religion and health, 58, 1072-1086
Toplam 77 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular İşletme
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Hatice Kübra Yapici Kuru 0000-0002-7769-8916

Elif Baykal 0000-0002-4966-8074

Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Nisan 2025
Gönderilme Tarihi 15 Ocak 2025
Kabul Tarihi 17 Nisan 2025
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2025 Cilt: 7 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Yapici Kuru, H. K., & Baykal, E. (2025). Rss-14 (Dini ve Manevi Mücadele Ölçeği) Türkçeye Uyarlaması ve İş Motivasyonuna Etkisinin İncelenmesi. Ekonomi İşletme Ve Maliye Araştırmaları Dergisi, 7(1), 1-24. https://doi.org/10.38009/ekimad.1621097
 Kapak Resmi İndir