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Yerel diatom toprakların fiziko-kimyasal özellikleri ve nohutlarda sulu süspansiyon uygulamalarına Callobruchus maculatus (Fabricius, 1775) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)'a karşı etkileri

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 49 Sayı: 2, 141 - 158, 25.06.2025
https://doi.org/10.16970/entoted.1656257

Öz

Bu çalışmada, yerel olarak temin edilen iki diatom toprağı (DE) formülasyonunun (Detech®-s ve Detech®-m) ve ticari formülasyon SilicoSec®'in kimyasal ve fiziksel özelliklerini değerlendirerek, bunların depolanan nohutlardaki börülce tohum böceği, Callosobruchus maculatus (Fabricius, 1775) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) üzerindeki ergin ölümleri, lethal süre (LT99) ve yeni nesil ergin sayısındaki azaltmasına etkileri incelenmiştir. Çalışma, 2023 yılında Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi’nin Entomoloji Laboratuvarı’nda gerçekleştirilmiştir. Sonuçlar, Detech®-m'nin en etkili olduğunu, en kısa sürede (LT99=1000 ppm'de 70.65 saat) %100 ölüm oranına ve en yüksek yeni nesil ergin baskılamasına (%98.1) ulaştığını göstermiştir. Daha ince partikül boyutu (d50=7.34 µm) ve yüksek yüzey alanı (60.45 m²/g), Detech®-m formülasyonun adsorpsiyon ve böcek kütikülasını bozma özelliklerini artırarak üstün etkinlik göstermesine katkıda bulunmuştur. SilicoSec®’in daha yüksek silisyum dioksit içeriğine (%85.7) sahip olmasına rağmen, Detech®-m (%80.6) ile karşılaştırıldığında daha geniş partikül boyutu dağılımı ve daha düşük Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) yüzey alanı nedeniyle daha düşük bir etki göstermiştir. Bu bulgular, C. maculatus mücadelesinde DE formülasyonlarının etkinliğini optimize etmede partikül boyutunun ve yüzey alanının kritik rolünü vurgulamaktadır. Sonuç olarak, bu çalışmada elde edilen bulgular su süspansiyon uygulamaları için DE formülasyonların yapışma, homojenlik ve kalıcılığı artırarak optimize edilmesi depolanmış tahıl zararlılarının yönetimini iyileştirebileceğini ve toz kaynaklı sağlık risklerini en aza indirebileceğini göstermektedir.

Kaynakça

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  • Alkan, M., T. Atay, S. Ertürk & İ. Kepenekci, 2019. Comparison of bioactivities of native diatomaceous earth against Turkestan cockroach [Blatta lateralis Walker (Blattodea: Blattidae)] nymphs. Applied Ecology and Environmental Research, 17 (3): 5987-5994.
  • Arnaud, L., S. Navarro & F. Fleurat-Lessard, 2005. Efficacy of diatomaceous earth formulations admixed with grain against populations of Sitophilus oryzae (L.) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) and Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) in different storage conditions. Journal of Stored Products Research, 41 (2): 121-130.
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  • Athanassiou, C. G. & Z. Korunić, 2007c. Evaluation of two new diatomaceous earth formulations, enhanced with abamectin and bitterbarkomycin, against four stored-grain beetle species. Journal of Stored Products Research, 43 (4): 468-473.
  • Athanassiou, C. G., N. G. Kavallieratos & C. M. Meletsis, 2005. Insecticidal effect of three diatomaceous earth formulations against adults of Sitophilus oryzae and Tribolium confusum on stored wheat and maize. Journal of Stored Products Research, 41 (1): 57-66.
  • Athanassiou, C. G., N. G. Kavallieratos & C. M. Meletsis, 2007a. Insecticidal effect of three diatomaceous earth formulations, applied alone or in combination, against three stored-product beetle species on wheat and maize. Journal of Stored Products Research, 43 (4): 330-334.
  • Athanassiou, C. G., N. G. Kavallieratos & N. S. Andris 2004. Insecticidal effect of three diatomaceous earth formulations against adults of Sitophilus oryzae (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) and Tribolium confusum (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) on oat, rye and triticale. Journal of Economic Entomology 97 (6): 2160-2167
  • Athanassiou, C. G., N. G. Kavallieratos & Z. Korunić, 2007b. Evaluation of diatomaceous earth formulations against stored-grain insects: Effect of dose rate, temperature, and relative humidity. Journal of Economic Entomology, 100 (2): 599-603.
  • Athanassiou, C. G., N. G. Kavallieratos, B. J. Vayias, Z. Tomanović, A. Petrović, V. Rozman, C. Adler, Z. Korunić & D. Milovanović, 2011. Laboratory evaluation of diatomaceous earth deposits mined from several locations in central and southeastern Europe as potential protectants against coleopteran grain pests. Crop Protection, 30 (3): 329-339.
  • Athanassiou, C. G., N. G. Kavallieratos, F. C. Tsaganou, B. J. Vayias, C. B. Dimizas & C. T. Buchelos, 2003. Effect of grain type on the insecticidal efficacy of SilicoSec against Sitophilus oryzae (L.) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). Crop Protection, 22 (10): 1141-1147.
  • Athanassiou, C. G., N. G. Kavallieratos, J. B. Tsakiri, S. N. Xyrafidis & B. J. Vayias, 2006. Effect of temperature and humidity on insecticidal effect of SilicoSec against Ephestia kuehniella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) larvae. Journal of Economic Entomology, 99 (4): 1520-1524.
  • Baliota, G. V. & C. G. Athanassiou, 2020. Evaluation of a Greek diatomaceous earth for stored product insect control and techniques that maximize its insecticidal efficacy. Applied Sciences, 10 (18): 6441.
  • Bridgeman, B. W. & P. J. Collins, 1994. “Integrated Pest management in the Grainco, Queensland, Australia, Storage System, 910-914”. In: Proceedings 6th International Conference on Stored-Product Protection (17-23 April 1994, Canberra, Australia), 1274 pp.
  • Collins, D. A. & D. A. Cook, 2006a. Laboratory studies evaluating the efficacy of diatomaceous earths, on treated surfaces, against stored-product insect and mite pests. Journal of Stored Products Research, 42 (1): 51-60.
  • Collins, D. A. & D. A. Cook, 2006b. The efficacy of applied diatomaceous earths for the control of stored-product insect pests in dry food processing environments. Journal of Stored Products Research, 42 (2): 197-206.
  • Doğanay, Ş. İ., 2013. Determination of Efficiency of some Diatomaceous Earths against to Stored-Grain Insects, Sitophilus granarius (L.) and Rhyzopertha dominica (F.). Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam University, Institute of Natural and Applied Science, Plant Protection Department (Unpublished) Master Thesis, 55 pp (In Turkish with abstract in English).
  • Ebeling, W., 1971. Sorptive dusts for pest control. Annual Review of Entomology, 16 (1): 123-158.
  • Ertürk, S., T. Atay, U. Toprak & M. Alkan, 2020. The efficacy of different surface applications of wettable powder formulation of Detech® diatomaceous earth against the rice weevil, Sitophilus oryzae (L.) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). Journal of Stored Products Research, 89 (2020): 101725.
  • Fields, P. G. & Z. Korunić, 2000. The effect of grain moisture content and temperature on the efficacy of diatomaceous earths from different geographical locations against stored-product beetles. Journal of Stored Products Research, 36 (1): 1-13.
  • Henteş, S. & A. A. Işıkber, 2024. Insecticidal efficacy of local diatomaceous earth compositions with different particle sizes against stored grain pests. Turkish Journal of Entomology, 48 (3): 353-365.
  • Israelachvili, J. N., 2011. Intermolecular and Surface Forces. 3rd Edition. Academic, Burlington, MA. 676 pp.
  • Johnson, J. A., K. A. Valero & S. Wang, 2014. Physical properties of stored grains and insect pests in relation to radio frequency and microwave treatments. Applied Engineering in Agriculture, 30 (6): 949-957.
  • Kabir, B. G. J. & M. A. Wulgo, 2014. “Efficacy of four diatomaceous earth formulations against Callosobruchus maculatus (F.) (Coleoptera: Bruchidae) on cowpea, 798-806”. In: Proceedings 11th International Working Conference on Stored-Product Protection (24-28 November 2014, Chiang Mai, Thailand), 1034 pp
  • Kılıç, N., 2022. Efficacy of dust and wettable powder formulation of diatomaceous earth (Detech®) in the control of Tyrophagus putrescentiae (Schrank) (Acari: Acaridae). Insects, 13 (10): 857.
  • Kljajic, P. & I. Peric, 2007. Effectiveness of wheat-applied contact insecticides against Sitophilus granarius (L.) originating from different populations. Journal of Stored Products Research, 43 (4): 523-529.
  • Korunić, Z., 1997. Rapid assessment of the insecticidal value of diatomaceous earths without conducting bioassays. Journal of Stored Products Research, 33 (3): 219-229.
  • Korunić, Z., 1998. Diatomaceous earth a group of natural insecticides. Journal of Stored Products Research, 34 (2-3): 87-97.
  • Korunić, Z., 2013. Diatomaceous earths - Natural Insecticides. Pesticides & Phytomedicine (Belgrade), 28 (2): 77 95.
  • Korunić, Z., C. G. Athanassiou, & F. H. Arthur, 2021. Diatomaceous earth for arthropod pest control: Back to the future. Insects, 12 (10): 839.
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  • Losic, D. & Z. Korunić, 2017. “Diatomaceous Earth, a Natural Insecticide for Stored Grain Protection: Recent Progress and Perspectives, 219-247”. In: Diatom Nanotechnology: Progress and Emerging Applications (Ed. D. Losic). Royal Society of Chemistry Publishing, Cambridge, UK, 270 pp.
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Physicochemical properties of local diatomaceous earths and their effects of water-suspension treatments against Callosobruchus maculatus (Fabricius, 1775) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) on chickpeas

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 49 Sayı: 2, 141 - 158, 25.06.2025
https://doi.org/10.16970/entoted.1656257

Öz

This study evaluated the chemical and physical characteristics of two locally sourced diatomaceous earth (DE) formulations (Detech®-s and Detech®-m) alongside the commercial product SilicoSec® to assess their effects on adult mortality, lethal time (LT99), and progeny reduction of the cowpea weevil, Callosobruchus maculatus (Fabricius, 1775) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) in stored chickpeas. Conducted in 2023 at the Entomology Laboratory of Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam University, the research found Detech®-m to be the most effective formulation. It achieved 99% mortality in the shortest time (LT99=70.65 hours at 1000 ppm) and the highest progeny suppression (98.1%). This superior performance was attributed to its finer particle size (d50=7.34 µm) and larger surface area (60.45 m²/g), which enhanced adsorption and cuticle disruption. Although SilicoSec® contained a higher percentage of silicon dioxide (85.7% SiO2) than Detech® (80.6% SiO2), its broader particle size distribution and lower Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area reduced its effectiveness. These findings highlight the critical role of particle size and surface area in optimizing DE formulations for C. maculatus control. Overall, our results suggest that refining DE formulations for water-suspension applications can improve stored-legume pest management by enhancing adhesion, uniformity, and persistence while minimizing dust-related health risks.

Teşekkür

The author would like to express sincere gratitude to Prof. Dr. Ali Arda Işıkber (Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam University) for his invaluable suggestions and guidance throughout the course of this study, as well as for reviewing the manuscript. Special thanks are also extended to Prof. Dr. Özgür Sağlam (Tekirdağ Namık Kemal University) for his editorial support in preparing the manuscript for submission. The author is particularly grateful to Lecturer Ali Bayram (Muş Alparslan University) for his technical assistance. Appreciation is also extended to Entoteam R&D Food Agriculture Co., Türkiye, for providing the Detech® test materials. This research did not receive any specific grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.

Kaynakça

  • Abbott, W. S., 1925. A method of computing the effectiveness of an insecticide. Journal of Economic Entomology, 18 (28): 65-267.
  • Agrafioti, P., G. C. Athanassiou, T. M. Vassilakos, G. Vlontzos & F. H. Arthur, 2015. Using a lethality index to assess susceptibility of Tribolium confusum and Oryzaephilus surinamensis to insecticides. PLoS One, 10: e0142044 (1-19).
  • Alkan, M., T. Atay, S. Ertürk & İ. Kepenekci, 2019. Comparison of bioactivities of native diatomaceous earth against Turkestan cockroach [Blatta lateralis Walker (Blattodea: Blattidae)] nymphs. Applied Ecology and Environmental Research, 17 (3): 5987-5994.
  • Arnaud, L., S. Navarro & F. Fleurat-Lessard, 2005. Efficacy of diatomaceous earth formulations admixed with grain against populations of Sitophilus oryzae (L.) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) and Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) in different storage conditions. Journal of Stored Products Research, 41 (2): 121-130.
  • Arthur, F. H., 1996. Grain protectants: Current status and prospects for the future. Journal of Stored Products Research, 32 (4): 293-302.
  • Arthur, F. H., 2000. Toxicity of diatomaceous earth to red flour beetles and confused flour beetles: effects of temperature and relative humidity. Journal of Economic Entomology, 93 (2): 526-532.
  • ASTM, 2012. ASTM D1483 - 12 Standard Test Method for Oil Absorption of Pigments by Gardner Coleman Method. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol. 06.03 ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA.,1104 pp.
  • Athanassiou, C. G. & Z. Korunić, 2007c. Evaluation of two new diatomaceous earth formulations, enhanced with abamectin and bitterbarkomycin, against four stored-grain beetle species. Journal of Stored Products Research, 43 (4): 468-473.
  • Athanassiou, C. G., N. G. Kavallieratos & C. M. Meletsis, 2005. Insecticidal effect of three diatomaceous earth formulations against adults of Sitophilus oryzae and Tribolium confusum on stored wheat and maize. Journal of Stored Products Research, 41 (1): 57-66.
  • Athanassiou, C. G., N. G. Kavallieratos & C. M. Meletsis, 2007a. Insecticidal effect of three diatomaceous earth formulations, applied alone or in combination, against three stored-product beetle species on wheat and maize. Journal of Stored Products Research, 43 (4): 330-334.
  • Athanassiou, C. G., N. G. Kavallieratos & N. S. Andris 2004. Insecticidal effect of three diatomaceous earth formulations against adults of Sitophilus oryzae (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) and Tribolium confusum (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) on oat, rye and triticale. Journal of Economic Entomology 97 (6): 2160-2167
  • Athanassiou, C. G., N. G. Kavallieratos & Z. Korunić, 2007b. Evaluation of diatomaceous earth formulations against stored-grain insects: Effect of dose rate, temperature, and relative humidity. Journal of Economic Entomology, 100 (2): 599-603.
  • Athanassiou, C. G., N. G. Kavallieratos, B. J. Vayias, Z. Tomanović, A. Petrović, V. Rozman, C. Adler, Z. Korunić & D. Milovanović, 2011. Laboratory evaluation of diatomaceous earth deposits mined from several locations in central and southeastern Europe as potential protectants against coleopteran grain pests. Crop Protection, 30 (3): 329-339.
  • Athanassiou, C. G., N. G. Kavallieratos, F. C. Tsaganou, B. J. Vayias, C. B. Dimizas & C. T. Buchelos, 2003. Effect of grain type on the insecticidal efficacy of SilicoSec against Sitophilus oryzae (L.) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). Crop Protection, 22 (10): 1141-1147.
  • Athanassiou, C. G., N. G. Kavallieratos, J. B. Tsakiri, S. N. Xyrafidis & B. J. Vayias, 2006. Effect of temperature and humidity on insecticidal effect of SilicoSec against Ephestia kuehniella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) larvae. Journal of Economic Entomology, 99 (4): 1520-1524.
  • Baliota, G. V. & C. G. Athanassiou, 2020. Evaluation of a Greek diatomaceous earth for stored product insect control and techniques that maximize its insecticidal efficacy. Applied Sciences, 10 (18): 6441.
  • Bridgeman, B. W. & P. J. Collins, 1994. “Integrated Pest management in the Grainco, Queensland, Australia, Storage System, 910-914”. In: Proceedings 6th International Conference on Stored-Product Protection (17-23 April 1994, Canberra, Australia), 1274 pp.
  • Collins, D. A. & D. A. Cook, 2006a. Laboratory studies evaluating the efficacy of diatomaceous earths, on treated surfaces, against stored-product insect and mite pests. Journal of Stored Products Research, 42 (1): 51-60.
  • Collins, D. A. & D. A. Cook, 2006b. The efficacy of applied diatomaceous earths for the control of stored-product insect pests in dry food processing environments. Journal of Stored Products Research, 42 (2): 197-206.
  • Doğanay, Ş. İ., 2013. Determination of Efficiency of some Diatomaceous Earths against to Stored-Grain Insects, Sitophilus granarius (L.) and Rhyzopertha dominica (F.). Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam University, Institute of Natural and Applied Science, Plant Protection Department (Unpublished) Master Thesis, 55 pp (In Turkish with abstract in English).
  • Ebeling, W., 1971. Sorptive dusts for pest control. Annual Review of Entomology, 16 (1): 123-158.
  • Ertürk, S., T. Atay, U. Toprak & M. Alkan, 2020. The efficacy of different surface applications of wettable powder formulation of Detech® diatomaceous earth against the rice weevil, Sitophilus oryzae (L.) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). Journal of Stored Products Research, 89 (2020): 101725.
  • Fields, P. G. & Z. Korunić, 2000. The effect of grain moisture content and temperature on the efficacy of diatomaceous earths from different geographical locations against stored-product beetles. Journal of Stored Products Research, 36 (1): 1-13.
  • Henteş, S. & A. A. Işıkber, 2024. Insecticidal efficacy of local diatomaceous earth compositions with different particle sizes against stored grain pests. Turkish Journal of Entomology, 48 (3): 353-365.
  • Israelachvili, J. N., 2011. Intermolecular and Surface Forces. 3rd Edition. Academic, Burlington, MA. 676 pp.
  • Johnson, J. A., K. A. Valero & S. Wang, 2014. Physical properties of stored grains and insect pests in relation to radio frequency and microwave treatments. Applied Engineering in Agriculture, 30 (6): 949-957.
  • Kabir, B. G. J. & M. A. Wulgo, 2014. “Efficacy of four diatomaceous earth formulations against Callosobruchus maculatus (F.) (Coleoptera: Bruchidae) on cowpea, 798-806”. In: Proceedings 11th International Working Conference on Stored-Product Protection (24-28 November 2014, Chiang Mai, Thailand), 1034 pp
  • Kılıç, N., 2022. Efficacy of dust and wettable powder formulation of diatomaceous earth (Detech®) in the control of Tyrophagus putrescentiae (Schrank) (Acari: Acaridae). Insects, 13 (10): 857.
  • Kljajic, P. & I. Peric, 2007. Effectiveness of wheat-applied contact insecticides against Sitophilus granarius (L.) originating from different populations. Journal of Stored Products Research, 43 (4): 523-529.
  • Korunić, Z., 1997. Rapid assessment of the insecticidal value of diatomaceous earths without conducting bioassays. Journal of Stored Products Research, 33 (3): 219-229.
  • Korunić, Z., 1998. Diatomaceous earth a group of natural insecticides. Journal of Stored Products Research, 34 (2-3): 87-97.
  • Korunić, Z., 2013. Diatomaceous earths - Natural Insecticides. Pesticides & Phytomedicine (Belgrade), 28 (2): 77 95.
  • Korunić, Z., C. G. Athanassiou, & F. H. Arthur, 2021. Diatomaceous earth for arthropod pest control: Back to the future. Insects, 12 (10): 839.
  • LeOra Software, 1994. POLO-PC: A User‟s Guide to Probit or Logit Analysis. LeOra Software, Berkeley, CA., 28 pp.
  • Lorini, I., H. Beckel & C. Schlemper, 2007. Chemical control of stored grain pests and the associated resistance problems in Brazil. Journal of Stored Products Research, 43 (3): 299-306.
  • Losic, D. & Z. Korunić, 2017. “Diatomaceous Earth, a Natural Insecticide for Stored Grain Protection: Recent Progress and Perspectives, 219-247”. In: Diatom Nanotechnology: Progress and Emerging Applications (Ed. D. Losic). Royal Society of Chemistry Publishing, Cambridge, UK, 270 pp.
  • Mclaughlin, A., 1994. “Laboratory trials on desiccant dust insecticides, 638-645”. In: Proceedings 6th International Conference on Stored-Product Protection, (17-23 April 1994, Canberra, Australia), 1274 pp.
  • Mewis, I. & C. Ulrichs, 2001. Action of amorphous diatomaceous earth against different stages of the stored product pests Tribolium confusum, Tenebrio molitor, Sitophilus granarius and Plodia interpunctella. Journal of Stored Products Research, 37 (2): 153-164.
  • Minitab, LLC, 2021. Minitab 21 Statistical Software Inc. USA. (Web page: https://www.minitab.com/en-us/products/minitab/) (Date accessed: March 2025).
  • Mutlu, Ç., A. Öğreten, C. Kaya & M. Mamay, 2019. Influence of different grain storage types on Khapra beetle, Trogoderma granarium Everts, 1898 (Coleoptera: Dermestidae), infestation in southeastern Anatolia (Turkey) and its resistance to malathion and deltamethrin. Turkish Journal of Entomology, 43 (2): 131-142.
  • Ogreten, A., S. Eren, C. Kaya, Mutlu, T. Ayaz, A. R. Z. Gaafar & R. M. Mahmoud, 2023. Insecticidal efficacy of native raw and commercial diatomaceous earths against Tribolium confusum du Val (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) under different environmental conditions. Journal of King Saud University-Science, 35 (7): 102827.
  • Öztekin, N. & Ç. Mutlu, 2020. Efficacy of three diatomaceous earth formulations against cowpea beetle, Callosobruchus maculatus (F.) (Coleoptera: Bruchidae), on bean. Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies, 8 (6): 147-52.
  • Phillips, T. W. & J. E. Throne, 2010. Biorational approaches to managing stored-product insects. Annual Review of Entomology, 55 (1): 375-397.
  • Rees, D., 2004. Insects of Stored Products. CSIRO Publishing, Collingwood, Australia, 80 pp. Robinson, W. H., 2005. Handbook of Urban Insects and Arachnids: A Handbook of Urban Entomology Cambridge University Press, New York, USA, 472 pp.
  • Rumbos, C. I., A. C. Dutton, N. G. Tsiropoulos & C. G. Athanassiou, 2018. Persistence and residual toxicity of two pirimiphos-methyl formulations on wheat against three stored-product pests. Journal of Stored Products Research, 76 (2018): 14-21.
  • Sağlam Ö., H. Bozkurt, R. Şen, S. Henteş & A. A. Işikber 2022b. Insecticidal efficacy of Turkish novel diatomaceous earth formulations against Cowpea weevil Callosobruchus maculatus (F.) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Bruchninae) on chickpea, Fresenius Environmental Bulletin, 31 : 5839-5849 pp.
  • Sağlam, Ö., A. A. Işıkber, H. Tunaz, M. K. Er, F. Bahadır & R. Şen, 2017. Preliminary checking of some Turkish diatomaceous earth similarities with commercial diatomaceous earths under Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). Journal of Tekirdag Agricultural Faculty, Special Issue: 13-19.
  • Sağlam, Ö., A. Bayram, A. A. Işıkber, R. Şen, H. Bozkurt & S. Henteş, 2022a. Insecticidal and repellency effects of a Turkish diatomaceous earth formulation (Detech®) on adults of three important pests of stored grain. Turkish Journal of Entomology, 46 (1): 75-88.
  • Stathers, T. E., M. Dennif & P. Golob, 2004. The efficacy and persistence of diatomaceous earths admixed with commodity against four tropical stored product beetle pests. Journal of Stored Products Research, 40 (1): 113-123.
  • Subramanyam, Bh. & R. Roesli 2000. “Inert Dusts, 321-379”. In: Alternatives to Pesticides in Stored-Product IPM (Eds. B. Subramanyam & D. W. Hagstrum). Kluwer Academic Publishers, Boston, MA, 447 pp.
  • Subramanyam, Bh., C. L. Swanson, N. Madamanchi & S. Norwood, 1994. “Effectiveness of Insecto, a new diatomaceous earth formulation in suppressing several stored-grain insect species. 650-659”. In: Proceedings of the 6th International Working Conference on Stored-Product Protection. (17-23 April 1994, Canberra, Australia) (Eds. E. Highley, E. J. Wright, H. J. Banks & B. R. Champ), CAB International, Oxford, UK, 1274 pp
  • Subramanyam, Bh., R. L. Swanson, A. V. Barak & J. C. Schmidt, 1994. Effectiveness of a sorptive dust against three stored-product beetles. Journal of Economic Entomology, 87 (3): 689-694.
  • Şen, R., A. A. Işikber, H. Bozkurt & Ö. Sağlam, 2019. Effect of temperature on insecticidal efficiency of local diatomaceous earth against stored-grain insects. Turkish Journal of Entomology, 43 (4): 441-450.
  • Vassilakos, N. T., G. C. Athanassiou & G. N. Tsiropoulos, 2015. Influence of grain type on the efficacy of spinetoram for the control of Rhyzopertha dominica, Sitophilus granarius and Sitophilus oryzae. Journal Stored Products Research, 64 (2015): 1-7.
  • Vayias, B. J., C. G. Athanassiou, Z. Korunić & V. Rozman, 2009. Evaluation of natural diatomaceous earth deposits from south-eastern Europe for stored-grain protection: The effect of particle size. Pest Management Science, 65 (10): 1118-1123.
  • Wakil, W., M. Ashfaq, A. Shabbir, A. Javed & M. Sagheer, 2006. Efficacy of diatomaceous earth (Protect-it) as a protectant of stored wheat against Rhyzopertha dominica (F.) (Coleoptera: Bostrichidae). Pakistan Entomologist, 28 (2): 19-24.
  • Ziaee, M., S. Moharramipour & K. Dadkhahipour, 2013. Effect of particle size of two Iranian diatomaceous earth deposits and a commercial product on Sitophilus granarius (Col.: Dryophthoridae). Journal of Entomological Society of Iran, 33 (2): 9-17.
Toplam 57 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Pestisititler ve Toksikoloji
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Hüseyin Bozkurt 0000-0002-1922-7550

Yayımlanma Tarihi 25 Haziran 2025
Gönderilme Tarihi 12 Mart 2025
Kabul Tarihi 19 Haziran 2025
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2025 Cilt: 49 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Bozkurt, H. (2025). Physicochemical properties of local diatomaceous earths and their effects of water-suspension treatments against Callosobruchus maculatus (Fabricius, 1775) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) on chickpeas. Turkish Journal of Entomology, 49(2), 141-158. https://doi.org/10.16970/entoted.1656257
AMA Bozkurt H. Physicochemical properties of local diatomaceous earths and their effects of water-suspension treatments against Callosobruchus maculatus (Fabricius, 1775) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) on chickpeas. TED. Haziran 2025;49(2):141-158. doi:10.16970/entoted.1656257
Chicago Bozkurt, Hüseyin. “Physicochemical Properties of Local Diatomaceous Earths and Their Effects of Water-Suspension Treatments Against Callosobruchus Maculatus (Fabricius, 1775) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) on Chickpeas”. Turkish Journal of Entomology 49, sy. 2 (Haziran 2025): 141-58. https://doi.org/10.16970/entoted.1656257.
EndNote Bozkurt H (01 Haziran 2025) Physicochemical properties of local diatomaceous earths and their effects of water-suspension treatments against Callosobruchus maculatus (Fabricius, 1775) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) on chickpeas. Turkish Journal of Entomology 49 2 141–158.
IEEE H. Bozkurt, “Physicochemical properties of local diatomaceous earths and their effects of water-suspension treatments against Callosobruchus maculatus (Fabricius, 1775) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) on chickpeas”, TED, c. 49, sy. 2, ss. 141–158, 2025, doi: 10.16970/entoted.1656257.
ISNAD Bozkurt, Hüseyin. “Physicochemical Properties of Local Diatomaceous Earths and Their Effects of Water-Suspension Treatments Against Callosobruchus Maculatus (Fabricius, 1775) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) on Chickpeas”. Turkish Journal of Entomology 49/2 (Haziran 2025), 141-158. https://doi.org/10.16970/entoted.1656257.
JAMA Bozkurt H. Physicochemical properties of local diatomaceous earths and their effects of water-suspension treatments against Callosobruchus maculatus (Fabricius, 1775) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) on chickpeas. TED. 2025;49:141–158.
MLA Bozkurt, Hüseyin. “Physicochemical Properties of Local Diatomaceous Earths and Their Effects of Water-Suspension Treatments Against Callosobruchus Maculatus (Fabricius, 1775) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) on Chickpeas”. Turkish Journal of Entomology, c. 49, sy. 2, 2025, ss. 141-58, doi:10.16970/entoted.1656257.
Vancouver Bozkurt H. Physicochemical properties of local diatomaceous earths and their effects of water-suspension treatments against Callosobruchus maculatus (Fabricius, 1775) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) on chickpeas. TED. 2025;49(2):141-58.