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Diş Hekimliği Öğrencilerinin COVID-19 ile Sigara İlişkisi Hakkındaki Bilgi Düzeylerinin ve Pandeminin Sigara İçme Alışkanlıklarına Etkisinin Değerlendirilmesi

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 9 Sayı: 1, 24 - 32, 30.04.2025

İrem Akkuş , Sezgi İyigün , Nimet Gül Görgülü , Başak Doğan

Öz

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, Marmara Üniversitesi Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi öğrencilerinin sigara ile COVID-19 ilişkisi hakkındaki bilgi düzeyini değerlendirmek ve COVID-19 pandemisinin Marmara Üniversitesi Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi öğrencilerinin sigara içme alışkanlıklarına etkisini ortaya koymaktır.
Gereç ve Yöntemler: Çalışma için 34 soruluk çevrimiçi bir anket hazırlandı. Hazırlanan anket 07.04.2023 tarihinde Marmara Üniversitesi Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi son sınıf öğrencilerine gönderildi. Elde edilen verilerin analizinde SPSS 26.0 programı kullanıldı.
Bulgular: Çalışmaya son sınıf diş hekimliği öğrencilerinin %69’u (n=99) katıldı. Öğrencilerin 38’inin daha önce tütün ürünü kullanmış veya kullanmakta olduğu belirlendi. Sigaranın ağız kanserleri ve dişeti hastalıkları için bir risk faktörü olduğu tüm öğrenciler tarafından bilinirken, bağışıklık sistemini etkilediğini belirtenlerin oranı %95 idi. COVID-19’un sigara içenlerde daha hızlı ilerlediğini belirten öğrencilerin oranı %87,9 bulundu; ancak sigara içen öğrencilerin (n=38) yalnızca %26,3’ü pandemi başlangıcından beri sigarayı bırakma isteklerinde artış olduğunu belirtti. Öğrencilerin yaklaşık üçte ikisinin sigara bırakma yöntemleri hakkında yeterli bilgiye sahip olmadıkları belirlendi. Pandemi başlangıcından itibaren sigarayı bırakmayı deneyenlerin oranı %39,5 bulundu. Pandemi önlemlerinden ise en çok maske kullanımı ve halka açık alanların kapalı olmasının (%77,3) sigara içme sıklığının değişmesi üzerinde etkili olduğu görüldü.
Sonuç: Diş hekimliği son sınıf öğrencilerinin sigaranın sistemik durum ve ağız sağlığı üzerine olumsuz etkileri ile COVID-19 ilişkisi hakkındaki bilgi düzeyleri yüksek olsa da sigara içenlerin yaklaşık üçte ikisinin pandemi başlangıcından itibaren sigarayı bırakma eğilimlerinde değişiklik olmadığı gözlendi. Pandemi döneminin bile sigara içmiş/içen öğrencilerin sigara bırakmaları üzerine herhangi bir pozitif etkisinin olmadığı gösterilmiştir. Bu nedenle, diş hekimliği eğitim programına sigara bırakma yöntemlerine yönelik detaylı ders içeriklerinin eklenmesine ihtiyaç vardır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Sigara COVID-19 Sigarayı bırakma Diş Hekimliği Öğrencisi

Etik Beyan

Bu çalışmanın protokolü Marmara Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Klinik Araştırmalar Etik Kurulu tarafından 07.04.2023 tarih ve 09.2023.530 numaralı protokol kodu ile onaylandı.

Kaynakça

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  • Almeda N, Gómez-Gómez I. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on smoking consumption: A systematic review of longitudinal studies. Front Psychiatry. 2022;13:941575.
  • Bommele J, Hopman P, Walters BH, Geboers C, Croes E, Fong GT, Quah ACK, Willemsen M. The double-edged relationship between COVID-19 stress and smoking: Implications for smoking cessation. Tob Induc Dis. 2020;18:63.
  • Boopathirajan R, Muthunarayanan L. Awareness, Attitude and Use of Tobacco among Medical Students in Chennai. J Lifestyle Med. 2017;7(1):27-34.
  • Chavez J, Hai R. Effects of cigarette smoking on influenza virus/host interplay. Pathogens. 2021;10(12):1636.
  • Chopra S, Ranjan P, Singh V, Kumar S, Arora M, Hasan MS, Kasiraj R, Suryansh, Kaur D, Vikram NK, Malhotra A, Kumari A, Klanidhi KB, Baitha U. Impact of COVID-19 on lifestyle-related behaviours- a cross-sectional audit of responses from nine hundred and ninety-five participants from India. Diabetes Metab Syndr. 2020;14(6):2021-30.
  • Çıtak Ş. Bireylerin COVID-19 sürecindeki sigara bırakma başarılarının bazı değişkenler bağlamında incelenmesi. Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi. 2021;10(4):850-60.
  • Dickson-Swift V, Kangutkar T, Knevel R, Down S. The impact of COVID-19 on individual oral health: A scoping review. BMC Oral Health. 2022;22(1):422.
  • Elani HW, Bedos C, Allison PJ. Sources of stress in Canadian dental students: A prospective mixed methods study. J Dent Educ. 2013;77(11):1488-97.
  • Farsalinos KE, Romagna G, Allifranchini E, Ripamonti E, Bocchietto E, Todeschi S, Tsiapras D, Kyrzopoulos S, Voudris V. Comparison of the cytotoxic potential of cigarette smoke and electronic cigarette vapour extract on cultured myocardial cells. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2013;10(10):5146-62.
  • Feldman C, Anderson R. Cigarette smoking and mechanisms of susceptibility to infections of the respiratory tract and other organ systems. J Infect. 2013;67(3):169-84.
  • Ferrante G, Camussi E, Piccinelli C, Senore C, Armaroli P, Ortale A, Garena F, Giordano L. Did social isolation during the SARS-CoV-2 epidemic have an impact on the lifestyles of citizens? Epidemiol Prev. 2020;44(5-6 Suppl 2):353-62.
  • Gallus S, Scala M, Possenti I, Jarach CM, Clancy L, Fernandez E, Gorini G, Carreras G, Malevolti MC, Commar A, Fayokun R, Gouda HN, Prasad VM, Lugo A. The role of smoking in COVID-19 progression: A comprehensive meta-analysis. Eur Respir Rev. 2023;32(167).
  • Ge ZY, Yang LM, Xia JJ, Fu XH, Zhang YZ. Possible aerosol transmission of COVID-19 and special precautions in dentistry. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B. 2020;21(5):361-8.
  • Goldenberg M, Danovitch I, Ishak WW. Quality of life and smoking. Am J Addict. 2014;23(6):540-62.
  • Gurlek O, Başer Ü, Beklen A, Güncü G, Hakki S, Haytaç M, Kuru L, Lütfioğlu M, Meriç P, Olgun E, Özdemir B, Taşdemir Z, Buduneli N. The rate of tobacco smoking among dental school students in Turkey. Journal of Ege University School of Dentistry. 2019;40:185-91.
  • Harris RC, Millichamp CJ, Thomson WM. Stress and coping in fourth-year medical and dental students. N Z Dent J. 2015;111(3):102-8.
  • Ho LLK, Li WHC, Cheung AT, Xia W, Wang MP, Cheung DYT, Lam TH. Impact of COVID-19 on the Hong Kong Youth Quitline Service and Quitting Behaviors of Its Users. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020;17(22).
  • Hwang J, Chun HR, Cheon E. A qualitative study on the impact of COVID-19 on the behavior and attitudes of smokers and non-smokers in South Korea. BMC Public Health. 2021;21(1):1972.
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  • Jackson SE, Garnett C, Shahab L, Oldham M, Brown J. Association of the COVID-19 lockdown with smoking, drinking and attempts to quit in England: An analysis of 2019-20 data. Addiction. 2021;116(5):1233-44.
  • Keser G, Yılmaz G, Namdar Pekiner F. Perception and attitudes of dental students towards tobacco use and smoking cessation counseling. Curr Res Dent Sci. 2022;32(2):132-36.
  • Kızılkaya S, Çağatay A. Behind COVID-19 pandemic backstage: anxiety and healthcare workers. Cir Cir. 2023;91(2):247-52.
  • Kowitt SD, Cornacchione Ross J, Jarman KL, Kistler CE, Lazard AJ, Ranney LM, Sheeran P, Thrasher JF, Goldstein AO. Tobacco quit intentions and behaviors among cigar smokers in the United States in response to COVID-19. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020;17(15):5368.
  • Lee EH, Shin SH, Jeong GC. Smoking Awareness and Intention to Quit Smoking in Smoking Female Workers: Secondary Data Analysis. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022;19(5).
  • Lesser IA, Nienhuis CP. The impact of COVID-19 on physical activity behavior and well-being of Canadians. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020;17(11):3899.
  • Liao Y, Tang J, Quah ACK, Fong GT, McNeill A. Attitudes towards smoking and COVID-19, and changes in smoking behaviors before and after the outbreak of COVID-19: A nationwide cross-sectional survey study in China. Tob Induc Dis. 2022;20:18.
  • Lyzwinski LN, Naslund JA, Miller CJ, Eisenberg MJ. Global youth vaping and respiratory health: Epidemiology, interventions, and policies. NPJ Prim Care Respir Med. 2022;32(1):14.
  • Morgado-Toscano C, Gómez-Salgado J, Fagundo-Rivera J, Navarro-Abal Y, Rodríguez-Jiménez L, Climent-Rodríguez JA, Allande-Cussó R. Anxiety and fear of COVID-19 in the UK general population: A cross-sectional study. Medicine (Baltimore). 2023;102(10):e33045.
  • Naito T, Miyaki K, Naito M, Yoneda M, Suzuki N, Hirofuji T, Nakayama T. Parental smoking and smoking status of Japanese dental hygiene students: A pilot survey at a dental hygiene school in Japan. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2009;6(1):321-8.
  • Nyman AL, Spears CA, Churchill V, Do VV, Henderson KC, Massey ZB, Reynolds RM, Huang J. Associations between COVID-19 risk perceptions and smoking and quitting behavior among U.S. adults. Addict Behav Rep. 2021;14:100394.
  • Ozturk O, Fıdancı İ, Unal M. Effects of smoking on oral cavity. J Exp Clin Med. 2017;34(1):3-7.
  • Park JE, Jung S, Kim A, Park JE. MERS transmission and risk factors: A systematic review. BMC Public Health. 2018;18(1):574.
  • Petroulia I, Vardavas C, Filippidis F, Peleki T, Behrakis P, Quah A, Fong G, Tountas Y. The association between the awareness of the effects of smoking/secondhand smoke and the desire to quit. Tobacco Induced Diseases. 2018;16.
  • Reddy RK, Charles WN, Sklavounos A, Dutt A, Seed PT, Khajuria A. The effect of smoking on COVID-19 severity: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Med Virol. 2021;93(2):1045-56.
  • Reibel J. Tobacco and oral diseases. Update on the evidence, with recommendations. Med Princ Pract. 2003;12 Suppl 1:22-32.
  • Rigotti NA, Chang Y, Regan S, Lee S, Kelley JHK, Davis E, Levy DE, Singer DE, Tindle HA. Cigarette Smoking and Risk Perceptions During the COVID-19 Pandemic Reported by Recently Hospitalized Participants in a Smoking Cessation Trial. Journal of General Internal Medicine. 2021;36(12):3786-93.
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  • Rodakowska E, Mazur M, Baginska J, Sierpinska T, La Torre G, Ottolenghi L, D'Egidio V, Guerra F. Smoking prevalence, attitudes and behavior among dental students in Poland and Italy. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020;17(20):7451.
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Evaluation of Dentistry Students’ Knowledge about the Relationship Between Smoking and COVID-19 and the Impact of the Pandemic on their Smoking Habits

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 9 Sayı: 1, 24 - 32, 30.04.2025

İrem Akkuş , Sezgi İyigün , Nimet Gül Görgülü , Başak Doğan

Öz

ABSTRACT
Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate knowledge of fifth-year students at Marmara University Dentistry Faculty regarding the relationship between smoking and COVID-19, and to reveal impact of COVID-19 pandemic on the students’ smoking habits.
Materials and Methods: A 34-question online survey was prepared for the study. The survey was sent to fifth-year students at Marmara University Faculty of Dentistry on April 7, 2023. The data were analyzed using SPSS 26.0 software.
Results: A total of 69% (n=99) of fifth-year students participated in the study. It was determined that 38 of the students used or were still using tobacco products. All students were aware of smoking as a risk factor for oral cancers and periodontal diseases, 95% admitted that smoking affects immune system. Furthermore, 87.9% of students agreed that COVID-19 progresses more rapidly in smokers. However, only 26.3% of smokers reported increased desire to quit smoking during the pandemic. Approximately two-thirds of students lacked sufficient knowledge about smoking cessation methods. Among pandemic precautions, mask usage and closure of public-places (77.3%) were found to have the most significant impact on changes in smoking frequency.
Conclusions: Students demonstrated high levels of knowledge about negative effects of smoking on systemic or oral health. However, during pandemic two-thirds of the smoker did not want to quit smoking. Among smoking students, even the COVID-19 pandemic did not have any significant positive effect on their smoking habits. Therefore, there is a need to integrate educational content into dentistry curriculum to inform students about smoking cessation methods.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Smoking COVID-19 Smoking cessation Dental Student

Kaynakça

  • Al-Turki YA. Smoking habits among medical students in Central Saudi Arabia. Saudi Med J. 2006;27(5):700-3.
  • Almeda N, Gómez-Gómez I. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on smoking consumption: A systematic review of longitudinal studies. Front Psychiatry. 2022;13:941575.
  • Bommele J, Hopman P, Walters BH, Geboers C, Croes E, Fong GT, Quah ACK, Willemsen M. The double-edged relationship between COVID-19 stress and smoking: Implications for smoking cessation. Tob Induc Dis. 2020;18:63.
  • Boopathirajan R, Muthunarayanan L. Awareness, Attitude and Use of Tobacco among Medical Students in Chennai. J Lifestyle Med. 2017;7(1):27-34.
  • Chavez J, Hai R. Effects of cigarette smoking on influenza virus/host interplay. Pathogens. 2021;10(12):1636.
  • Chopra S, Ranjan P, Singh V, Kumar S, Arora M, Hasan MS, Kasiraj R, Suryansh, Kaur D, Vikram NK, Malhotra A, Kumari A, Klanidhi KB, Baitha U. Impact of COVID-19 on lifestyle-related behaviours- a cross-sectional audit of responses from nine hundred and ninety-five participants from India. Diabetes Metab Syndr. 2020;14(6):2021-30.
  • Çıtak Ş. Bireylerin COVID-19 sürecindeki sigara bırakma başarılarının bazı değişkenler bağlamında incelenmesi. Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi. 2021;10(4):850-60.
  • Dickson-Swift V, Kangutkar T, Knevel R, Down S. The impact of COVID-19 on individual oral health: A scoping review. BMC Oral Health. 2022;22(1):422.
  • Elani HW, Bedos C, Allison PJ. Sources of stress in Canadian dental students: A prospective mixed methods study. J Dent Educ. 2013;77(11):1488-97.
  • Farsalinos KE, Romagna G, Allifranchini E, Ripamonti E, Bocchietto E, Todeschi S, Tsiapras D, Kyrzopoulos S, Voudris V. Comparison of the cytotoxic potential of cigarette smoke and electronic cigarette vapour extract on cultured myocardial cells. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2013;10(10):5146-62.
  • Feldman C, Anderson R. Cigarette smoking and mechanisms of susceptibility to infections of the respiratory tract and other organ systems. J Infect. 2013;67(3):169-84.
  • Ferrante G, Camussi E, Piccinelli C, Senore C, Armaroli P, Ortale A, Garena F, Giordano L. Did social isolation during the SARS-CoV-2 epidemic have an impact on the lifestyles of citizens? Epidemiol Prev. 2020;44(5-6 Suppl 2):353-62.
  • Gallus S, Scala M, Possenti I, Jarach CM, Clancy L, Fernandez E, Gorini G, Carreras G, Malevolti MC, Commar A, Fayokun R, Gouda HN, Prasad VM, Lugo A. The role of smoking in COVID-19 progression: A comprehensive meta-analysis. Eur Respir Rev. 2023;32(167).
  • Ge ZY, Yang LM, Xia JJ, Fu XH, Zhang YZ. Possible aerosol transmission of COVID-19 and special precautions in dentistry. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B. 2020;21(5):361-8.
  • Goldenberg M, Danovitch I, Ishak WW. Quality of life and smoking. Am J Addict. 2014;23(6):540-62.
  • Gurlek O, Başer Ü, Beklen A, Güncü G, Hakki S, Haytaç M, Kuru L, Lütfioğlu M, Meriç P, Olgun E, Özdemir B, Taşdemir Z, Buduneli N. The rate of tobacco smoking among dental school students in Turkey. Journal of Ege University School of Dentistry. 2019;40:185-91.
  • Harris RC, Millichamp CJ, Thomson WM. Stress and coping in fourth-year medical and dental students. N Z Dent J. 2015;111(3):102-8.
  • Ho LLK, Li WHC, Cheung AT, Xia W, Wang MP, Cheung DYT, Lam TH. Impact of COVID-19 on the Hong Kong Youth Quitline Service and Quitting Behaviors of Its Users. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020;17(22).
  • Hwang J, Chun HR, Cheon E. A qualitative study on the impact of COVID-19 on the behavior and attitudes of smokers and non-smokers in South Korea. BMC Public Health. 2021;21(1):1972.
  • Jackson SE, Beard E, Angus C, Field M, Brown J. Moderators of changes in smoking, drinking and quitting behaviour associated with the first COVID-19 lockdown in England. Addiction. 2022;117(3):772-83.
  • Jackson SE, Garnett C, Shahab L, Oldham M, Brown J. Association of the COVID-19 lockdown with smoking, drinking and attempts to quit in England: An analysis of 2019-20 data. Addiction. 2021;116(5):1233-44.
  • Keser G, Yılmaz G, Namdar Pekiner F. Perception and attitudes of dental students towards tobacco use and smoking cessation counseling. Curr Res Dent Sci. 2022;32(2):132-36.
  • Kızılkaya S, Çağatay A. Behind COVID-19 pandemic backstage: anxiety and healthcare workers. Cir Cir. 2023;91(2):247-52.
  • Kowitt SD, Cornacchione Ross J, Jarman KL, Kistler CE, Lazard AJ, Ranney LM, Sheeran P, Thrasher JF, Goldstein AO. Tobacco quit intentions and behaviors among cigar smokers in the United States in response to COVID-19. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020;17(15):5368.
  • Lee EH, Shin SH, Jeong GC. Smoking Awareness and Intention to Quit Smoking in Smoking Female Workers: Secondary Data Analysis. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022;19(5).
  • Lesser IA, Nienhuis CP. The impact of COVID-19 on physical activity behavior and well-being of Canadians. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020;17(11):3899.
  • Liao Y, Tang J, Quah ACK, Fong GT, McNeill A. Attitudes towards smoking and COVID-19, and changes in smoking behaviors before and after the outbreak of COVID-19: A nationwide cross-sectional survey study in China. Tob Induc Dis. 2022;20:18.
  • Lyzwinski LN, Naslund JA, Miller CJ, Eisenberg MJ. Global youth vaping and respiratory health: Epidemiology, interventions, and policies. NPJ Prim Care Respir Med. 2022;32(1):14.
  • Morgado-Toscano C, Gómez-Salgado J, Fagundo-Rivera J, Navarro-Abal Y, Rodríguez-Jiménez L, Climent-Rodríguez JA, Allande-Cussó R. Anxiety and fear of COVID-19 in the UK general population: A cross-sectional study. Medicine (Baltimore). 2023;102(10):e33045.
  • Naito T, Miyaki K, Naito M, Yoneda M, Suzuki N, Hirofuji T, Nakayama T. Parental smoking and smoking status of Japanese dental hygiene students: A pilot survey at a dental hygiene school in Japan. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2009;6(1):321-8.
  • Nyman AL, Spears CA, Churchill V, Do VV, Henderson KC, Massey ZB, Reynolds RM, Huang J. Associations between COVID-19 risk perceptions and smoking and quitting behavior among U.S. adults. Addict Behav Rep. 2021;14:100394.
  • Ozturk O, Fıdancı İ, Unal M. Effects of smoking on oral cavity. J Exp Clin Med. 2017;34(1):3-7.
  • Park JE, Jung S, Kim A, Park JE. MERS transmission and risk factors: A systematic review. BMC Public Health. 2018;18(1):574.
  • Petroulia I, Vardavas C, Filippidis F, Peleki T, Behrakis P, Quah A, Fong G, Tountas Y. The association between the awareness of the effects of smoking/secondhand smoke and the desire to quit. Tobacco Induced Diseases. 2018;16.
  • Reddy RK, Charles WN, Sklavounos A, Dutt A, Seed PT, Khajuria A. The effect of smoking on COVID-19 severity: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Med Virol. 2021;93(2):1045-56.
  • Reibel J. Tobacco and oral diseases. Update on the evidence, with recommendations. Med Princ Pract. 2003;12 Suppl 1:22-32.
  • Rigotti NA, Chang Y, Regan S, Lee S, Kelley JHK, Davis E, Levy DE, Singer DE, Tindle HA. Cigarette Smoking and Risk Perceptions During the COVID-19 Pandemic Reported by Recently Hospitalized Participants in a Smoking Cessation Trial. Journal of General Internal Medicine. 2021;36(12):3786-93.
  • Rigotti NA, Chang Y, Regan S, Lee S, Kelley JHK, Davis E, Levy DE, Singer DE, Tindle HA. Cigarette smoking and risk perceptions during the COVID-19 pandemic reported by recently hospitalized participants in a smoking cessation trial. J Gen Intern Med. 2021;36(12):3786-93.
  • Rodakowska E, Mazur M, Baginska J, Sierpinska T, La Torre G, Ottolenghi L, D'Egidio V, Guerra F. Smoking prevalence, attitudes and behavior among dental students in Poland and Italy. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020;17(20):7451.
  • Sakallı OA, Sakallı S, Akbaşak AÖ, Erkut S. Yeni tip koronavirüs (COVID-19) salgınının diş hekimlerinin tedavi kliniği düzeni üzerine etkisi. ADO Klinik Bilimler Dergisi. 2022;11(2):140-9.
  • Salian VS, Wright JA, Vedell PT, Nair S, Li C, Kandimalla M, Tang X, Carmona Porquera EM, Kalari KR, Kandimalla KK. COVID-19 transmission, current treatment, and future therapeutic strategies. Mol Pharm. 2021;18(3):754-71.
  • Sarı A, Bozkurt E, Dizen Kazan E, Aysal S. COVID-19 pandemisinin sağlık çalışanlarının sigara içme alışkanlığı üzerine etkisi: 3. basamak bir hastaneye kesitsel bir bakış. Kocatepe Tıp Dergisi. 2022;23(4):447-51.
  • Selman AE, Doğan B. Evaluation of knowledge, anxiety levels and attitudes of dental students about the COVID-19 outbreak different light sources. Yeditepe J Dent. 2022;18(3):27-35.
  • Senkubuge F, Ayo-Yusuf OA, Louwagie GMC, Okuyemi KS. Water pipe and smokeless tobacco use among medical students in South Africa. Nicotine Tob Res. 2011;14(6):755-60.
  • Shaik SS, Doshi D, Bandari SR, Madupu PR, Kulkarni S. Tobacco Use Cessation and Prevention - A Review. J Clin Diagn Res. 2016;10(5):Ze13-7.
  • Sifat AE, Nozohouri S, Villalba H, Vaidya B, Abbruscato TJ. The Role of Smoking and Nicotine in the Transmission and Pathogenesis of COVID-19. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2020;375(3):498-509.
  • Sinan M, Yengil Taci D, Fidancı İ, Arslan I, Çelik M. Assessment of Smoking Habits of Healthcare Professionals during the Covid-19 Pandemic Period. Ankara Med J. 2022;22(1):59-68.
  • Sönmez Cİ, Ayhan Başer D, Aydoğan S, Uludağ G, Dinçer D, Topaluğurlu B. Düzce Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi öğrencilerinin sigara içme sıklığı ve sigara ile ilgili bilgi tutum ve davranışları. Konuralp Medical Journal. 2017;9(2):160-6.
  • Sultana N, Asaduzzaman M, Mubarak M, Hosen I, Kaggwa MM, Al-Mamun F, Mamun MA. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on lifestyle patterns: Does gender matter? Front Public Health. 2022;10:920694.
  • Taş A, Yılmaz S. Akdeniz Üniversitesi Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi öğrencilerinin sigaraya yönelik bilgi, tutum ve davranışları. Akdeniz Tıp Dergisi. 2021;7(3):392-9.
  • Taylor S, Paluszek MM, Rachor GS, McKay D, Asmundson GJG. Substance use and abuse, COVID-19-related distress, and disregard for social distancing: A network analysis. Addict Behav. 2021;114:106754.
  • Tüzün E, Ağlar İ, Çakmak İ, Çangar İ, Çiçekci İ, Kılıç İ, Kıran İ, Koçak AE, Eser E. Tıp Fakültesi Öğrencilerinin Elektronik Sigara Kullanımına İlişkin Tutumları, Davranışları ve İlişkili Faktörler. İzmir Göğüs Hastanesi Dergisi. 2024;38(1):1-36.
  • Wang JW, Cao SS, Hu RY. Smoking by family members and friends and electronic-cigarette use in adolescence: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Tob Induc Dis. 2018;16:05.
  • Wdowiak-Szymanik A, Wdowiak A, Szymanik P, Grocholewicz K. Pandemic COVID-19 Influence on Adult's Oral Hygiene, Dietary Habits and Caries Disease-Literature Review. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022;19(19).
  • Weinstein ND. Accuracy of smokers' risk perception. Nicotine Tob Res. 1999;1 Suppl 1:S123-30.
  • Weinstein ND, Marcus SE, Moser RP. Smokers' unrealistic optimism about their risk. Tob Control. 2005;14(1):55-9.
  • Xie J, Zhong R, Wang W, Chen O, Zou Y. COVID-19 and Smoking: What Evidence Needs Our Attention? Front Physiol. 2021;12:603850.
  • Yengil E, Çevik C, Demirkıran G, Akkoca AN, Özler GS, Özer C. Tıp Fakültesi öğrencilerinin sigara içme durumu ve sigara ile ilgili tutumları. Konuralp Medical Journal. 2014;6(3):1-7.
  • Zhou Z, Chen P, Peng H. Are healthy smokers really healthy? Tob Induc Dis. 2016;14:35.
Toplam 59 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Periodontoloji
Bölüm Özgün Araştırmalar
Yazarlar

İrem Akkuş 0009-0000-5714-824X

Sezgi İyigün 0000-0001-5359-5675

Nimet Gül Görgülü 0000-0002-0890-9695

Başak Doğan 0000-0002-3602-4886

Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Nisan 2025
Gönderilme Tarihi 30 Ocak 2025
Kabul Tarihi 26 Mart 2025
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2025 Cilt: 9 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Akkuş, İ., İyigün, S., Görgülü, N. G., Doğan, B. (2025). Diş Hekimliği Öğrencilerinin COVID-19 ile Sigara İlişkisi Hakkındaki Bilgi Düzeylerinin ve Pandeminin Sigara İçme Alışkanlıklarına Etkisinin Değerlendirilmesi. European Journal of Research in Dentistry, 9(1), 24-32.