Yaşlı Bakımı Bölümünde Öğrenim Gören Üniversite Öğrencilerinin Yaşlılara Yönelik Tutumları, Yaşlılarla Çalışma ve Yaşlılara Bakım Verme İstekliliğinin ve Arasındaki İlişkinin İncelenmesi
Öz
Amaç: Bu çalışma yaşlı bakımı bölümü öğrencilerinde yaşlıya yönelik tutum, yaşlıyla çalışma ve yaşlıya bakım verme istekliliğini, aralarındaki ilişkiyi ve etkileyen faktörleri incelemek amacıyla yapılmıştır.
Gereç ve Yöntemler: Bu kesitsel çalışma, Sağlık Hizmetleri Meslek Yüksekokulu’nda öğrenim gören 154 yaşlı bakımı bölümü öğrencisi ile yapılmıştır. Öğrencilerin yaşlı tutumu, “Kogan’ın Yaşlılara Yönelik Tutum Ölçeği” ile, yaşlıyla çalışma isteği “Yaşlıyla Çalışma İstekliliği Ölçeği” ile, yaşlıya bakım verme isteği “Yaşlıya Bakım Verme İstekliliği Ölçeği” ile değerlendirilmiştir. Cinsiyete, sınıfa ve aile yapısına göre ölçek total puanları incelenmiştir.
Bulgular: Öğrencilerin Kogan’ın Yaşlıya Yönelik Tutum Ölçeği total puan ortalaması 95,18; Yaşlılar ile Çalışma İstekliliği Ölçeği total puan ortalaması 73,02; Yaşlılara Bakım Verme İstekliliği Ölçeği total puan ortalaması 41,8 olup, cinsiyete, sınıfa ve aile tipine göre ölçek total puanları anlamlı bir değişim göstermemiştir (p≥0,05). Yaşlı ile yaşama ve klinik pratikte yaşlı bakımında deneyimi olan ve olmayan öğrencilerin ölçek puanları karşılaştırıldığında anlamlı bir farklılık bulunmamıştır (p≥0,05). Yaşlıyla çalışma isteği ile bakım verme isteği arasında pozitif yönde orta düzey ilişki (r=0,365, p=0,000) bulunmuştur.
Sonuç: Bu çalışmanın sonuçları öğrencilerin yaşlılara olumsuz tutum sergilediğini, yaşlıyla çalışma ve yaşlıya bakım verme isteğinin orta düzey olduğunu göstermektedir. Özellikle, yaşlılarla olumlu temas deneyimleri ve yaşlılar için gönüllü faaliyetler gibi programlar geliştirerek bu öğrencilerin yaşlıyla çalışma ve yaşlılara bakım verme istekliliğini artırmak için daha fazla çalışmaya ihtiyaç vardır.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Yaşlı Bakımı Yaşlı Tutumu Yaşlıya Bakım Verme Yaşlıyla Çalışma İsteği
Etik Beyan
Manisa Celal Bayar Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Dekanlığı Sağlık Bilimleri Etik Kurulu’ndan onay alınmıştır (tarih: 30.10.2024, karar no: 2695).
Destekleyen Kurum
Yoktur.
Teşekkür
Araştırmaya katılan öğrencilere teşekkür ederim.
Kaynakça
- 1. WHO (Internet). Ageing and Health Available from: http://www.who.int/news-room/ fact-sheets/detail/ageing-and-health. 2023.
- 2. IHME (The Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation) (2018). State of Global Air 2018: Over 7 Billion People Face Unsafe Air. Seattle, WA: IHME).
- 3. https://data.tuik.gov.tr/Bulten/Index?p=Istatistiklerle-Yaslilar-2021-45636, Erişim tarihi: 2024 11.11.2024.
- 4. Amblàs-Novellas J, Santaeugènia S J, Vela E, et al. What lies beneath: A retrospective, population-based cohort study investigating clinical and resource-use characteristics of institutionalized older people in Catalonia. BMC Geriatrics. 2020; 20: 1-8.
- 5. Wang C, Zhang F, Pan C, et al. The willingness of the elderly to choose nursing care: Evidence from in China. Front Psychol. 2022; 13: 865276.
- 6. Organization WH, World report on ageing and health. 2015.
- 7. Benli AR, Acar E, Zoroglu T, et al. Occupational anxiety level and associated factors at senior class elder care technician students. İnsan ve Toplum Bilimleri Araştırmaları Dergisi. 2017; 6: 2512-2521.
- 8. Okur E, Akbal Y, Yagci Sentürk A, et al. The willingness of elderly care program students to care for older adults and the associated factors: a multi-centered research. Educational Gerontology. 2023; 49: 333-344.
- 9. Saruhan G, Kiraz EDE, Ergin F, et al. Adnan Menderes University Elder Care Technician Program: Students' Expectations for Trade Branch. Meandros Medical And Dental Journal. 2013; 14: 19-23.
- 10. Joung H Y, The Effect of Senior Simulation Program in Elderly Care Attitudes of the employees working for Elderly Care Facilities, the understanding of the aged, job satisfaction, and job performance. 한국간호과학회 학술대회, 2011: p. 185-185.
- 11. Kim Y, Jang I. The factors associated with care willingness towards older adults among nursing students. Journal of the Korean Data Analysis Society. 2017; 19: 1669-1683.
- 12. Kim S, Yang K, Oh H, et al. Nursing and social welfare students' knowledge and attitudes toward the elderly. Journal of the Korea Gerontological Society. 2002; 22: 21-36.
- 13. Celik SS, Kapucu S, Tuna Z, et al. Views and attitudes of nursing students towards ageing and older patients. Australian Journal of Advanced Nursing. 2010; 27: 24-30.
- 14. Özçakar N, Kartal M, Tekin N, et al. Burnout and relevant factors in nursing staff: what affects the staff working in an elderly nursing home. 2012; 15: 266-272.
- 15. Robison J, Fortinsky R, Kleppinger A, et al. A broader view of family caregiving: effects of caregiving and caregiver conditions on depressive symptoms, health, work, and social isolation. J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci. 2009; 64: 788-798.
- 16. Wade S. Promoting quality of care for older people: developing positive attitudes to working with older people. J Nurs Manag. 1999; 7: 339-347.
- 17. World Health Organization. (2021). Falls. Fact Sheets. Retrieved from https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/falls.
- 18. Carlson E. Meaningful and enjoyable or boring and depressing?: the reasons student nurses give for and against a career in aged care. J Clin Nurs. 2015; 24: 602-604.
- 19. Shen J, Xiao LD. Factors affecting nursing students' intention to work with older people in China. Nurse Educ Today. 2012; 32: 219-223.
- 20. McCann TV, Clark E, Lu S. Bachelor of Nursing students career choices: A three-year longitudinal study. Nurse Educ Today. 2010; 30: 31-36.
- 21. Marsland L, Hickey G. Planning a pathway in nursing: do course experiences influence job plans? Nurse Educ Today. 2003; 23: 226-235.
- 22. Kristofferzon M-L, Mårtensson G, Mamhidir A-G, et al. Nursing students' perceptions of clinical supervision: The contributions of preceptors, head preceptors and clinical lecturers. Nurse Educ Today. 2013; 33: 1252-1257.
- 23. Abbey J, Liddle J, Bridges P, et al. Clinical placements in residential aged care facilities: the impact on nursing students' perception of aged care and the effect on career plans. Aust J Adv Nurs. 2006; 23: 14-19.
- 24. Phelan A. Socially constructing older people: Examining discourses which can shape nurses’ understanding and practice. J Adv Nurs. 2011; 67: 893-903.
- 25. Stevens JA. Student nurses’ career preferences for working with older people: A replicated longitudinal survey. Int J Nurs Stud. 2011; 48: 944-951.
- 26. Carlson E, Idvall E. Nursing students' experiences of the clinical learning environment in nursing homes: A questionnaire study using the CLES+ T evaluation scale. Nurse Educ Today. 2014; 34: 1130-1134.
- 27. Neville C, Dickie R, Goetz S. What’s stopping a career in gerontological nursing?: literature review. J Gerontol Nurs. 2014; 40: 18-27.
- 28. Kogan N. Attitudes toward old people in an older sample. J Abnorm Soc Psychol. 1961; 62: 616-622.
- 29. Küçükgüçlü Ö, Mert H, Akpınar B. Reliability and validity of Turkish version of attitudes toward old people scale. J Clin Nurs. 2011; 20: 3196-3203.
- 30. Fadayevatan R, Momtaz YA, Fadayevatan R, et al. Development and validation of the willingness to work with elderly people scale (WEPS) among medical sciences students. Journal of Clinical Gerontology & Geriatrics. 2018; 9: 149-155.
- 31. Akpınar Söylemez B, Akyol MA, Özgül E, et al. Willingness to work with elderly people scale (WEPS) for medical and nursing students: cross-cultural adaptation and psychometric validation. Educational Gerontology. 2022; 48: 610-622.
- 32. Aday RH, Campbell MJ. Changes In Nursing Students’attitudes And Work Preferences After A Gerontology Curriculum. Educational Gerontology. 1995; 21: 247-260.
- 33. Hancerlioglu S, Karadakovan A. Yaşlıya bakım verme istekliliği ölçeği’nin Türkçe’ye uyarlanması, geçerlik ve güvenirliği. E-Sağlık Hemşirelik Dergisi. 2016; 5: 8-16.
- 34. Söderhamn O, Lindencrona C, Gustavsson SM. Attitudes toward older people among nursing students and registered nurses in Sweden. Nurse Educ Today. 2001; 21: 225-229.
- 35. King BJ, Roberts TJ, Bowers BJ. Nursing student attitudes toward and preferences for working with older adults. Gerontol Geriatr Educ. 2013; 34: 272-291.
- 36. Deltsidou A, Gesouli-Voltyraki E, Mastrogiannis D, et al. Nurse teachers' and student nurses' attitudes towards caring the older people in a province of Greece. Health Science Journal. 2010; 4: 245-257.
- 37. Lambrinou E, Sourtzi P, Kalokerinou A, et al. Attitudes and knowledge of the Greek nursing students towards older people. Nurse Educ Today. 2009; 29: 617-622.
- 38. Rathnayake S, Athukorala Y, Siop S. Attitudes toward and willingness to work with older people among undergraduate nursing students in a public university in Sri Lanka: A cross sectional study. Nurse Educ Today. 2016; 36: 439-444.
- 39. Zhang S, Liu Y-h, Zhang H-f, et al. Determinants of undergraduate nursing students' care willingness towards the elderly in China: Attitudes, gratitude and knowledge. Nurse Educ Today. 2016; 43: 28-33.
- 40. Jang I, Kim Y, Kim Y. Nursing students' willingness to care for older adults. Int'l J Soc Sci Stud. 2019; 7: 1.
- 41. Wolff J L, Spillman B C, Freedman V A, et al. A national profile of family and unpaid caregivers who assist older adults with health care activities. JAMA Intern Med. 2016; 176: 372-379.
- 42. Wang C-C, Liao W-C, Kao M-C, et al. Taiwanese medical and nursing student interest levels in and attitudes towards geriatrics. Ann Acad Med Singap. 2009; 38: 230-236.
- 43. Toygar I, Hançerlioğlu S, Theofanidis D. Nursing students’ willingness to care for older adults in Turkey in 2020. NPT. 2020; 7: 238-244.
- 44. Köse G, Ayhan H, Taştan S, et al. Determination of the attitudes of students from different department in the field of health on the discrimination against the elders. Gulhane Medical Journal. 2015; 57: 145.
- 45. Liu Y-E, Norman IJ, While AE. Nurses’ attitudes towards older people: A systematic review. Int J Nurs Stud. 2013; 50: 1271-1282.
- 46. Li Y. Survey and research on nursing students’ attitudes, knowledge and work preferences toward older people. 2014, Master’s thesis. Jilin University, Changchun, China.
- 47. Gould O N, Dupuis-Blanchard S, MacLennan A. Canadian nursing students and the care of older patients: How is geriatric nursing perceived? J Appl Gerontol. 2015; 34: 797-814.
- 48. Kogan LR, Schoenfeld-Tacher RM. Participation in an intergenerational service learning course and implicit biases. Educational Gerontology. 2018; 44: 90-98.
- 49. Counts HK, Aday RH, Wallace JB, et al. Getting AHeAD: examining the intergenerational benefits of participating in a college service-learning program. Journal of Intergenerational Relationships. 2022; 20: 217-236.
- 50. Güven Ş, Muz G, Ertürk N. The attitudes of university students towards elderly discrimination and the relation of these attitudes with some variables. Journal of Anatolia Nursing and Health Sciences. 2012; 2: 99-105.
- 51. Altun A, Demirel B. Attitudes of university students on elderly discrimination: The case of Keskin Vocational School. MANAS Journal of Social Studies. 2020; 9: 423-434.
- 52. Çilingir D, Bulut E, Hintistan S. Attitudes of nursing students towards ageism. DEUHF ED. 2017; 10: 137-143.
Examining the Attitudes of University Students Studying in the Department of Elderly Care towards the Elderly, Their Willingness to Work with the Elderly and to Care for the Elderly, and the Relationship Between Them
Öz
Aim: This study examined students’ attitudes towards the elderly, their willingness to work with and care for them, and the relationships and influencing factors among these variables.
Material and Methods: A cross-sectional study of 154 elderly care department students was conducted. Students’ attitudes towards the elderly were assessed using Kogan’s Attitude Scale, their willingness to work with the elderly was measured with the Willingness to Work Scale, and their desire to care for the elderly was evaluated with the Willingness to Care Scale. Scale scores were analyzed by gender, class, and family structure.
Results: Students scored an average of 95.18 on Kogan’s Attitude Scale, 73.02 on the Willingness to Work Scale, and 41.8 on the Willingness to Care Scale. No significant differences were found based on gender, class, or family type (p≥0.05).When the scale scores of students with and without experience in living with the elderly and caring for the elderly in clinical practice were compared, no significant difference was found (p≥0.05). A moderate positive relationship (r=0.365, p=0.000) was found between the desire to work with the elderly and desire to provide care.
Conclusion: The results of this study show that students have negative attitudes towards the elderly, and their desire to work with and care for the elderly is at a moderate level. In particular, more studies are needed to increase these students’ willingness to work with and care for the elderly by developing programs such as positive contact experiences with the elderly and volunteer activities for the elderly.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Elderly Care Attitude Towards the Elderly Caring for the Elderly Desire to Work with the Elderly
Destekleyen Kurum
None.
Kaynakça
- 1. WHO (Internet). Ageing and Health Available from: http://www.who.int/news-room/ fact-sheets/detail/ageing-and-health. 2023.
- 2. IHME (The Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation) (2018). State of Global Air 2018: Over 7 Billion People Face Unsafe Air. Seattle, WA: IHME).
- 3. https://data.tuik.gov.tr/Bulten/Index?p=Istatistiklerle-Yaslilar-2021-45636, Erişim tarihi: 2024 11.11.2024.
- 4. Amblàs-Novellas J, Santaeugènia S J, Vela E, et al. What lies beneath: A retrospective, population-based cohort study investigating clinical and resource-use characteristics of institutionalized older people in Catalonia. BMC Geriatrics. 2020; 20: 1-8.
- 5. Wang C, Zhang F, Pan C, et al. The willingness of the elderly to choose nursing care: Evidence from in China. Front Psychol. 2022; 13: 865276.
- 6. Organization WH, World report on ageing and health. 2015.
- 7. Benli AR, Acar E, Zoroglu T, et al. Occupational anxiety level and associated factors at senior class elder care technician students. İnsan ve Toplum Bilimleri Araştırmaları Dergisi. 2017; 6: 2512-2521.
- 8. Okur E, Akbal Y, Yagci Sentürk A, et al. The willingness of elderly care program students to care for older adults and the associated factors: a multi-centered research. Educational Gerontology. 2023; 49: 333-344.
- 9. Saruhan G, Kiraz EDE, Ergin F, et al. Adnan Menderes University Elder Care Technician Program: Students' Expectations for Trade Branch. Meandros Medical And Dental Journal. 2013; 14: 19-23.
- 10. Joung H Y, The Effect of Senior Simulation Program in Elderly Care Attitudes of the employees working for Elderly Care Facilities, the understanding of the aged, job satisfaction, and job performance. 한국간호과학회 학술대회, 2011: p. 185-185.
- 11. Kim Y, Jang I. The factors associated with care willingness towards older adults among nursing students. Journal of the Korean Data Analysis Society. 2017; 19: 1669-1683.
- 12. Kim S, Yang K, Oh H, et al. Nursing and social welfare students' knowledge and attitudes toward the elderly. Journal of the Korea Gerontological Society. 2002; 22: 21-36.
- 13. Celik SS, Kapucu S, Tuna Z, et al. Views and attitudes of nursing students towards ageing and older patients. Australian Journal of Advanced Nursing. 2010; 27: 24-30.
- 14. Özçakar N, Kartal M, Tekin N, et al. Burnout and relevant factors in nursing staff: what affects the staff working in an elderly nursing home. 2012; 15: 266-272.
- 15. Robison J, Fortinsky R, Kleppinger A, et al. A broader view of family caregiving: effects of caregiving and caregiver conditions on depressive symptoms, health, work, and social isolation. J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci. 2009; 64: 788-798.
- 16. Wade S. Promoting quality of care for older people: developing positive attitudes to working with older people. J Nurs Manag. 1999; 7: 339-347.
- 17. World Health Organization. (2021). Falls. Fact Sheets. Retrieved from https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/falls.
- 18. Carlson E. Meaningful and enjoyable or boring and depressing?: the reasons student nurses give for and against a career in aged care. J Clin Nurs. 2015; 24: 602-604.
- 19. Shen J, Xiao LD. Factors affecting nursing students' intention to work with older people in China. Nurse Educ Today. 2012; 32: 219-223.
- 20. McCann TV, Clark E, Lu S. Bachelor of Nursing students career choices: A three-year longitudinal study. Nurse Educ Today. 2010; 30: 31-36.
- 21. Marsland L, Hickey G. Planning a pathway in nursing: do course experiences influence job plans? Nurse Educ Today. 2003; 23: 226-235.
- 22. Kristofferzon M-L, Mårtensson G, Mamhidir A-G, et al. Nursing students' perceptions of clinical supervision: The contributions of preceptors, head preceptors and clinical lecturers. Nurse Educ Today. 2013; 33: 1252-1257.
- 23. Abbey J, Liddle J, Bridges P, et al. Clinical placements in residential aged care facilities: the impact on nursing students' perception of aged care and the effect on career plans. Aust J Adv Nurs. 2006; 23: 14-19.
- 24. Phelan A. Socially constructing older people: Examining discourses which can shape nurses’ understanding and practice. J Adv Nurs. 2011; 67: 893-903.
- 25. Stevens JA. Student nurses’ career preferences for working with older people: A replicated longitudinal survey. Int J Nurs Stud. 2011; 48: 944-951.
- 26. Carlson E, Idvall E. Nursing students' experiences of the clinical learning environment in nursing homes: A questionnaire study using the CLES+ T evaluation scale. Nurse Educ Today. 2014; 34: 1130-1134.
- 27. Neville C, Dickie R, Goetz S. What’s stopping a career in gerontological nursing?: literature review. J Gerontol Nurs. 2014; 40: 18-27.
- 28. Kogan N. Attitudes toward old people in an older sample. J Abnorm Soc Psychol. 1961; 62: 616-622.
- 29. Küçükgüçlü Ö, Mert H, Akpınar B. Reliability and validity of Turkish version of attitudes toward old people scale. J Clin Nurs. 2011; 20: 3196-3203.
- 30. Fadayevatan R, Momtaz YA, Fadayevatan R, et al. Development and validation of the willingness to work with elderly people scale (WEPS) among medical sciences students. Journal of Clinical Gerontology & Geriatrics. 2018; 9: 149-155.
- 31. Akpınar Söylemez B, Akyol MA, Özgül E, et al. Willingness to work with elderly people scale (WEPS) for medical and nursing students: cross-cultural adaptation and psychometric validation. Educational Gerontology. 2022; 48: 610-622.
- 32. Aday RH, Campbell MJ. Changes In Nursing Students’attitudes And Work Preferences After A Gerontology Curriculum. Educational Gerontology. 1995; 21: 247-260.
- 33. Hancerlioglu S, Karadakovan A. Yaşlıya bakım verme istekliliği ölçeği’nin Türkçe’ye uyarlanması, geçerlik ve güvenirliği. E-Sağlık Hemşirelik Dergisi. 2016; 5: 8-16.
- 34. Söderhamn O, Lindencrona C, Gustavsson SM. Attitudes toward older people among nursing students and registered nurses in Sweden. Nurse Educ Today. 2001; 21: 225-229.
- 35. King BJ, Roberts TJ, Bowers BJ. Nursing student attitudes toward and preferences for working with older adults. Gerontol Geriatr Educ. 2013; 34: 272-291.
- 36. Deltsidou A, Gesouli-Voltyraki E, Mastrogiannis D, et al. Nurse teachers' and student nurses' attitudes towards caring the older people in a province of Greece. Health Science Journal. 2010; 4: 245-257.
- 37. Lambrinou E, Sourtzi P, Kalokerinou A, et al. Attitudes and knowledge of the Greek nursing students towards older people. Nurse Educ Today. 2009; 29: 617-622.
- 38. Rathnayake S, Athukorala Y, Siop S. Attitudes toward and willingness to work with older people among undergraduate nursing students in a public university in Sri Lanka: A cross sectional study. Nurse Educ Today. 2016; 36: 439-444.
- 39. Zhang S, Liu Y-h, Zhang H-f, et al. Determinants of undergraduate nursing students' care willingness towards the elderly in China: Attitudes, gratitude and knowledge. Nurse Educ Today. 2016; 43: 28-33.
- 40. Jang I, Kim Y, Kim Y. Nursing students' willingness to care for older adults. Int'l J Soc Sci Stud. 2019; 7: 1.
- 41. Wolff J L, Spillman B C, Freedman V A, et al. A national profile of family and unpaid caregivers who assist older adults with health care activities. JAMA Intern Med. 2016; 176: 372-379.
- 42. Wang C-C, Liao W-C, Kao M-C, et al. Taiwanese medical and nursing student interest levels in and attitudes towards geriatrics. Ann Acad Med Singap. 2009; 38: 230-236.
- 43. Toygar I, Hançerlioğlu S, Theofanidis D. Nursing students’ willingness to care for older adults in Turkey in 2020. NPT. 2020; 7: 238-244.
- 44. Köse G, Ayhan H, Taştan S, et al. Determination of the attitudes of students from different department in the field of health on the discrimination against the elders. Gulhane Medical Journal. 2015; 57: 145.
- 45. Liu Y-E, Norman IJ, While AE. Nurses’ attitudes towards older people: A systematic review. Int J Nurs Stud. 2013; 50: 1271-1282.
- 46. Li Y. Survey and research on nursing students’ attitudes, knowledge and work preferences toward older people. 2014, Master’s thesis. Jilin University, Changchun, China.
- 47. Gould O N, Dupuis-Blanchard S, MacLennan A. Canadian nursing students and the care of older patients: How is geriatric nursing perceived? J Appl Gerontol. 2015; 34: 797-814.
- 48. Kogan LR, Schoenfeld-Tacher RM. Participation in an intergenerational service learning course and implicit biases. Educational Gerontology. 2018; 44: 90-98.
- 49. Counts HK, Aday RH, Wallace JB, et al. Getting AHeAD: examining the intergenerational benefits of participating in a college service-learning program. Journal of Intergenerational Relationships. 2022; 20: 217-236.
- 50. Güven Ş, Muz G, Ertürk N. The attitudes of university students towards elderly discrimination and the relation of these attitudes with some variables. Journal of Anatolia Nursing and Health Sciences. 2012; 2: 99-105.
- 51. Altun A, Demirel B. Attitudes of university students on elderly discrimination: The case of Keskin Vocational School. MANAS Journal of Social Studies. 2020; 9: 423-434.
- 52. Çilingir D, Bulut E, Hintistan S. Attitudes of nursing students towards ageism. DEUHF ED. 2017; 10: 137-143.
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | Türkçe |
|---|---|
| Konular | Geriatri ve Gerontoloji |
| Bölüm | Araştırma Makalesi |
| Yazarlar | |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 30 Nisan 2025 |
| Gönderilme Tarihi | 22 Kasım 2024 |
| Kabul Tarihi | 2 Mart 2025 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2025 |
Kaynak Göster
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