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Investigation of the Structural and Mechanical Properties of Pure Al-TiC Composites

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 12 Sayı: 1, 278 - 291, 26.03.2025

Muharrem Pul , Tuncay Şimşek , Murat Bilen

https://doi.org/10.54287/gujsa.1565233

Öz

In this study, composites were prepared by powder metallurgy method by adding 5%, 10% and 20% by weight of TiC powder to 99.7% pure aluminum. The morphologies and elemental analysis of the prepared composite samples were carried out using scanning electron microscopy (SEM-EDX). The phase structures were then analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD). Finally, to investigate the mechanical properties of the composite structures, hardness measurements, compressive strength tests and abrasive wear tests were carried out. It was observed that the TiC ceramic particles added to the aluminum caused partial porosity within the structure. XRD analyses revealed peaks corresponding to Al and TiC phases in all composite structures, while no intermetallic phases or impurities associated with any phase were detected. It was observed that the addition of TiC, up to a certain amount, initially decreased and then increased the hardness of aluminum. In contrast to the hardness values, the compressive strength was found to increase with the addition of TiC. In the abrasive wear tests, wear initially increased with the addition of TiC, in parallel with the hardness values, but as the TiC content increased to 20%, the amount of wear decreased. Compared to the reference sample of pure aluminum as the matrix material, wear losses increased with the addition of TiC in all composite structures.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Aluminum TiC Powder Metallurgy Microstructure Phase Analysis

Kaynakça

  • Barakat, W.S., Habba, M. I.A., Ibrahim, A., Fathy, A., & Elkady, O.A., (2023). The effect of Cu coated Al2O3 particle content and densification methods on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Al matrix composites, Journal of Materials Research and Technology, 24, 6908-6922, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmrt.2023.05.010
  • Bedolla-Becerril, E., Garcia-Guerra, J., Lopez-Morelos V.H., Garcia-Renteria, M.A, Falcon-Franco, L.A., Martinez-Landeros, V.H, García-Villarreal, S., & Flores-Villaseñor, S.E. (2023). Tribological Behaviour of Al-2024/TiC Metal Matrix Composites. Coatings 13, 77. https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings13010077
  • Bodukuri, A. K., Eswaraiah, K., Rajendar, K., & Sampath, V. (2016). Fabrication of Al–SiC–B4C metal matrix composite by powder metallurgy technique and evaluating mechanical properties, Perspectives in Science, 8, 428-431, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pisc.2016.04.096
  • Cabeza, M., Feijoo, I., Merino, P., Pena, G., Pérez, M.C., Cruz, S, Rey, P. (2017). Effect of high energy ball milling on the morphology, microstructure and properties of nano-sized TiC particle-reinforced 6005A aluminium alloy matrix composite, Powder Technology, 321, 31-43, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.powtec.2017.07.089
  • Canakci, A., & Varol, T. (2014). Microstructure and properties of AA7075/Al–SiC composites fabricated using powder metallurgy and hot pressing, Powder Technology, 268, 72-79, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.powtec.2014.08.016
  • Farid, W., Bah, T.M., Kong, C., & Yu, H. (2023). A novel way to fabricate high elastic modulus and high strength of TiC reinforced aluminum matrix composite, Materials and Manufacturing Processes, 38 (14), 1785-1797, https://doi.org/10.1080/10426914.2023.2217886
  • Ibrahim, I.A., Mohamed, F.A. & Lavernia, E.J. (1991). Particulate reinforced metal matrix composites — a review. Journal of Material Science, 26, 1137–1156. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00544448
  • Kumar, R., Kiran, K, &Sreebalaji, V.S. (2017) Micro structural characteristics and mechanical behaviour of aluminium matrix composites reinforced with titanium carbide, Journal of Alloys and Compounds. 723,795-801 http://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2017.06.309
  • Kumar, D., Seetharam, R., &Ponappa, K. (2024). A review on microstructures, mechanical properties and processing of high entropy alloys reinforced composite materials. Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 972. 172732. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2023.172732
  • Liu, B., Liu, Y., He, X. Y., Tang, H. P., Chen, L. F., & Huang, B. Y. (2007). Preparation And Mechanical Properties of Particulate-Reinforced Powder Metallurgy Titanium Matrix Composites, Metallurgıcal and Materıals Transactıons A 38, 2825-2831. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-007-9329-9
  • Lin, F., Wang, J., Wu, H., Jia, F., Lu, Y., Ren, M., Yang, M., Chen, Z., & Jiang, Z. (2021). Synergistic effects of TiC and graphene on the microstructure and tribological properties of Al2024 matrix composites, Advanced Powder Technology, 32 (10), 3635-3649, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apt.2021.08.015
  • Lu, Y., Watanabe, M., Miyata, R., Nakamura, J., Yamada, J., Kato, H., & Yoshimi K. (2020) Microstructures and mechanical properties of TiC-particulate-reinforced Ti–Mo–Al intermetallic matrix composites, Materials Science & Engineering A, 790, 139523. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2020.139523
  • Nyanor, P., Yehia, H.M., Bahador, A., Umeda, J., Kondoh, K., & Hassan, M.A. (2024) Microstructure and mechanical properties of hybrid nano-titanium carbide-carbon nanotubes (nano-TiC-CNT) reinforced aluminium matrix composite, Advanced Composite Materials, 33 (3), 305-323, https://doi.org/10.1080/09243046.2023.2253097
  • Mhadhbi, M., & Driss, M. (2020). Titanium Carbide: Synthesis, Properties and Applications. Brilliant Engineering, 2 (2), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.36937/ben.2021.002.001
  • Mohapatra, S., Chaubeya, A.K., Mishrab,D.K., & Singha, S.K. (2016) Fabrication of Al–TiC composites by hot consolidation technique: its microstructure and mechanical properties, Journal of Materials Reserach and Technology. 5(2):117–122. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmrt.2015.07.001
  • Pandey, U., Purohit, R., Agarwal, P., Dhakad S.K., & Rana, R.S. (2017). Effect of TiC particles on the mechanical properties of aluminium alloy metal matrix composites (MMCs), Materials Today: Proceedings, 4, 5452–5460. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2017.05.057
  • Pul, M. (2019a). Effect of sintering on mechanical property of SiC/B4C reinforced aluminum, Materials Research Express, 6: 016541 https://doi.org/10.1088/2053-1591/aacee1
  • Pul, M. (2019b). The Effect on Mechanical Properties of Reinforcement Amount at B4C + TiB2 Reinforced Al 2024 Based Composites Produced by Powder Metallurgy, International Journal of Engineering Research and Development, 11(1), 87-99. https://doi.org/10.29137/umagd.407488
  • Rack, H.J. (1988) Processing and Properties of Powder Metallurgy Composites", (P. Kumar, K. Vedula and A. Ritter, Eds.). The Metallurgical Society.
  • Ramkumar, K.R., Sivasankaran, S., Al-Mufadi, F.A., Siddharth, S., & Raghu, R. (2019) Investigations on microstructure, mechanical, and tribological behaviour of AA 7075–x wt.% TiC composites for aerospace applications, Archives of Civil and mechanical engineering, 19428–19438. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.acme.2018.12.003
  • Ravindran, S., Carolin, L.R., Gopal, V., Ramesh, K., Ravi, G., Sathya, S., (2022). Influence of nano-TiC content on the properties of Al2024 aluminium metal matrix composites, Materials Today: Proceedings, 69 (3), 922-926, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2022.07.371
  • Samal, P., Vundavilli, P. R., Meher, A., & Mahapatr, M.M. (2019) Fabrication and Mechanical Properties of Titanium Carbide Reinforced Aluminium Composites, Materials Today: Proceedings, 18 (7), 2649–2655. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2019.07.125
  • Saravanan, C., Subramanian K., Anandakrishnan V. & Sathish S., (2018). Tribological behavior of AA7075-TiC composites by powder metallurgy, Industrial Lubrication and Tribology, 70 (6), 1066–1071. https://doi.org/10.1108/ILT-10-2017-0312
  • Song, M.S., Zhang, M.X., Zhang, S.G., Huang, B., & Li, J.G. (2008). In situ fabrication of TiC particulates locally reinforced aluminum matrix composites by self-propagating reaction during casting, Materials Science and Engineering A. 473, 166–171. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2007.03.086
  • Tong, X. C., & Ghosh, A. K. (2001). Fabrication Of İn Situ Tic Reinforced Aluminum Matrix Composites, Journal of Materials Science, 36, 4059-4069. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1017946927566

Investigation of the Structural and Mechanical Properties of Pure Al-TiC Composites

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 12 Sayı: 1, 278 - 291, 26.03.2025

Muharrem Pul , Tuncay Şimşek , Murat Bilen

https://doi.org/10.54287/gujsa.1565233

Öz

Kaynakça

  • Barakat, W.S., Habba, M. I.A., Ibrahim, A., Fathy, A., & Elkady, O.A., (2023). The effect of Cu coated Al2O3 particle content and densification methods on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Al matrix composites, Journal of Materials Research and Technology, 24, 6908-6922, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmrt.2023.05.010
  • Bedolla-Becerril, E., Garcia-Guerra, J., Lopez-Morelos V.H., Garcia-Renteria, M.A, Falcon-Franco, L.A., Martinez-Landeros, V.H, García-Villarreal, S., & Flores-Villaseñor, S.E. (2023). Tribological Behaviour of Al-2024/TiC Metal Matrix Composites. Coatings 13, 77. https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings13010077
  • Bodukuri, A. K., Eswaraiah, K., Rajendar, K., & Sampath, V. (2016). Fabrication of Al–SiC–B4C metal matrix composite by powder metallurgy technique and evaluating mechanical properties, Perspectives in Science, 8, 428-431, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pisc.2016.04.096
  • Cabeza, M., Feijoo, I., Merino, P., Pena, G., Pérez, M.C., Cruz, S, Rey, P. (2017). Effect of high energy ball milling on the morphology, microstructure and properties of nano-sized TiC particle-reinforced 6005A aluminium alloy matrix composite, Powder Technology, 321, 31-43, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.powtec.2017.07.089
  • Canakci, A., & Varol, T. (2014). Microstructure and properties of AA7075/Al–SiC composites fabricated using powder metallurgy and hot pressing, Powder Technology, 268, 72-79, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.powtec.2014.08.016
  • Farid, W., Bah, T.M., Kong, C., & Yu, H. (2023). A novel way to fabricate high elastic modulus and high strength of TiC reinforced aluminum matrix composite, Materials and Manufacturing Processes, 38 (14), 1785-1797, https://doi.org/10.1080/10426914.2023.2217886
  • Ibrahim, I.A., Mohamed, F.A. & Lavernia, E.J. (1991). Particulate reinforced metal matrix composites — a review. Journal of Material Science, 26, 1137–1156. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00544448
  • Kumar, R., Kiran, K, &Sreebalaji, V.S. (2017) Micro structural characteristics and mechanical behaviour of aluminium matrix composites reinforced with titanium carbide, Journal of Alloys and Compounds. 723,795-801 http://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2017.06.309
  • Kumar, D., Seetharam, R., &Ponappa, K. (2024). A review on microstructures, mechanical properties and processing of high entropy alloys reinforced composite materials. Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 972. 172732. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2023.172732
  • Liu, B., Liu, Y., He, X. Y., Tang, H. P., Chen, L. F., & Huang, B. Y. (2007). Preparation And Mechanical Properties of Particulate-Reinforced Powder Metallurgy Titanium Matrix Composites, Metallurgıcal and Materıals Transactıons A 38, 2825-2831. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-007-9329-9
  • Lin, F., Wang, J., Wu, H., Jia, F., Lu, Y., Ren, M., Yang, M., Chen, Z., & Jiang, Z. (2021). Synergistic effects of TiC and graphene on the microstructure and tribological properties of Al2024 matrix composites, Advanced Powder Technology, 32 (10), 3635-3649, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apt.2021.08.015
  • Lu, Y., Watanabe, M., Miyata, R., Nakamura, J., Yamada, J., Kato, H., & Yoshimi K. (2020) Microstructures and mechanical properties of TiC-particulate-reinforced Ti–Mo–Al intermetallic matrix composites, Materials Science & Engineering A, 790, 139523. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2020.139523
  • Nyanor, P., Yehia, H.M., Bahador, A., Umeda, J., Kondoh, K., & Hassan, M.A. (2024) Microstructure and mechanical properties of hybrid nano-titanium carbide-carbon nanotubes (nano-TiC-CNT) reinforced aluminium matrix composite, Advanced Composite Materials, 33 (3), 305-323, https://doi.org/10.1080/09243046.2023.2253097
  • Mhadhbi, M., & Driss, M. (2020). Titanium Carbide: Synthesis, Properties and Applications. Brilliant Engineering, 2 (2), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.36937/ben.2021.002.001
  • Mohapatra, S., Chaubeya, A.K., Mishrab,D.K., & Singha, S.K. (2016) Fabrication of Al–TiC composites by hot consolidation technique: its microstructure and mechanical properties, Journal of Materials Reserach and Technology. 5(2):117–122. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmrt.2015.07.001
  • Pandey, U., Purohit, R., Agarwal, P., Dhakad S.K., & Rana, R.S. (2017). Effect of TiC particles on the mechanical properties of aluminium alloy metal matrix composites (MMCs), Materials Today: Proceedings, 4, 5452–5460. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2017.05.057
  • Pul, M. (2019a). Effect of sintering on mechanical property of SiC/B4C reinforced aluminum, Materials Research Express, 6: 016541 https://doi.org/10.1088/2053-1591/aacee1
  • Pul, M. (2019b). The Effect on Mechanical Properties of Reinforcement Amount at B4C + TiB2 Reinforced Al 2024 Based Composites Produced by Powder Metallurgy, International Journal of Engineering Research and Development, 11(1), 87-99. https://doi.org/10.29137/umagd.407488
  • Rack, H.J. (1988) Processing and Properties of Powder Metallurgy Composites", (P. Kumar, K. Vedula and A. Ritter, Eds.). The Metallurgical Society.
  • Ramkumar, K.R., Sivasankaran, S., Al-Mufadi, F.A., Siddharth, S., & Raghu, R. (2019) Investigations on microstructure, mechanical, and tribological behaviour of AA 7075–x wt.% TiC composites for aerospace applications, Archives of Civil and mechanical engineering, 19428–19438. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.acme.2018.12.003
  • Ravindran, S., Carolin, L.R., Gopal, V., Ramesh, K., Ravi, G., Sathya, S., (2022). Influence of nano-TiC content on the properties of Al2024 aluminium metal matrix composites, Materials Today: Proceedings, 69 (3), 922-926, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2022.07.371
  • Samal, P., Vundavilli, P. R., Meher, A., & Mahapatr, M.M. (2019) Fabrication and Mechanical Properties of Titanium Carbide Reinforced Aluminium Composites, Materials Today: Proceedings, 18 (7), 2649–2655. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2019.07.125
  • Saravanan, C., Subramanian K., Anandakrishnan V. & Sathish S., (2018). Tribological behavior of AA7075-TiC composites by powder metallurgy, Industrial Lubrication and Tribology, 70 (6), 1066–1071. https://doi.org/10.1108/ILT-10-2017-0312
  • Song, M.S., Zhang, M.X., Zhang, S.G., Huang, B., & Li, J.G. (2008). In situ fabrication of TiC particulates locally reinforced aluminum matrix composites by self-propagating reaction during casting, Materials Science and Engineering A. 473, 166–171. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2007.03.086
  • Tong, X. C., & Ghosh, A. K. (2001). Fabrication Of İn Situ Tic Reinforced Aluminum Matrix Composites, Journal of Materials Science, 36, 4059-4069. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1017946927566
Toplam 25 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Kompozit ve Hibrit Malzemeler
Bölüm Metalurji ve Malzeme Mühendisliği
Yazarlar

Muharrem Pul 0000-0002-0629-3516

Tuncay Şimşek 0000-0002-4683-0152

Murat Bilen 0000-0003-3374-8173

Yayımlanma Tarihi 26 Mart 2025
Gönderilme Tarihi 11 Ekim 2024
Kabul Tarihi 30 Aralık 2024
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2025 Cilt: 12 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Pul, M., Şimşek, T., & Bilen, M. (2025). Investigation of the Structural and Mechanical Properties of Pure Al-TiC Composites. Gazi University Journal of Science Part A: Engineering and Innovation, 12(1), 278-291. https://doi.org/10.54287/gujsa.1565233
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