Öz
This article explores Virginia Woolf’s 1927 essay “Street Haunting: A London Adventure” and its depiction of female flânerie in the city. It begins by observing the importance of place in literary studies and the shift towards a “spatial turn” in contemporary scholarship. The text then examines the role of the city in modernist literature, particularly in shaping its settings, narratives, and themes. It also overviews the main ideas of some of the pioneers of that “spatial turn” such as Henri Lefebvre and Yi-Fu Tuan. It is suggested that Woolf’s essay offers a unique perspective on flânerie as she navigates the city streets with a sense of introspection and emotional resonance. Woolf’s observations of urban landscape and encounters with strangers allow her to create a rich texture of potential narratives reflecting the complexities of everyday urban life. The present study also discusses Michel de Certeau’s theory of walking as a tactical-rhetorical act of resistance and meaning-making, and it highlights the relevance of de Certeau’s ideas to Woolf’s essay. The article proposes that, unlike the figure of the male flâneur, Woolf’s flânerie is not only about detached observation of the crowds and her surroundings, but also about authorship as she uses her affects and experiences in the city to inform her writing. Overall, Woolf’s portrayal of the flâneuse challenges traditional notions of public space and emphasizes the ways in which women’s experiences redefine the urban environment and its representations.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Virginia Woolf Michel de Certeau flânerie flâneuse the city modernist literature phenomenological place
Kaynakça
- Baudelaire, C. (1989). The poems in prose with “La Fanfarlo,” vol. II (F. Scarfe, Trans. and Ed.). Anvil Press.
- Baudelaire, C. (1995). The painter of modern life and other essays (J. Mayne, Trans. and Ed.). Phaidon Press.
- Baudelaire, C. (2015). The flowers of evil (W. Aggeler, Trans.). Digireads.
- Bizzell, P. and Herzberg, B. (2001). The rhetorical tradition: Readings from classical times to the present. Bedford Books.
- Casey, E. S. (1993). Getting back into place: Toward a renewed understanding of the place-world. Indiana University Press.
- De Certeau, M. (1988). The practice of everyday life (S. Rendall, Trans.). University of California Press.
- Elkin, L. (2016). Flâneuse: women walk the city in Paris, New York, Tokyo, Venice, and London. Farrar, Straus and Giroux.
- Farrell, T. J. (1979). Female and male modes of rhetoric. College English, 40, 909-921.
- Jameson, F. (2007). The modernist papers. Verso.
- Johnston, L. and Longhurst, R. (2010). Space, place, and sex: Geographies of sexualities. Rowman and Littlefield.
- Lefebvre, H. (1991). The production of space (D. Nicholson-Smith, Trans.). Blackwell.
- Malpas, J. E. (1999). Place and experience: A philosophical topography. Cambridge University Press.
- McDowell, L. (1999). Gender, identity, and place: Understanding feminist geographies. University of Minnesota Press.
- Mulvey, L. (1975). Visual pleasure and narrative cinema. Screen, 16(3), 6-18. https://doi.org/10.1093/screen/16.3.6
- Pantuchowicz, A. (2017). The haunting presence of the feminine: Virginia Woolf in the streets of London. AVANT, 8(2), 191-199. https://doi.org/10.26913/80202017.0112.0015
- Prieto, E. (2017). Phenomenology, place, and the spatial turn. In R. T. Tally Jr (Ed.), The Routledge handbook of literature and space (pp. 60-69). Routledge.
- Thacker, A. (2019). Modernism, space and the city: Outsider and affect in Paris, Vienna, Berlin and London. Edinburgh University Press.
- Tseng, C-F. (2006). The flaneur, the flaneuse, and the hostess: Virginia Woolf’s (un)domesticating flanerie in Mrs. Dalloway. Concentric: Literary and Cultural Studies, 32(1), 219-258.
- Tuan, Y-F. (1990). Topophilia: A study of environmental perception, attitudes, and values. Columbia University Press.
- Tuan, Y-F. (2001). Space and place: The perspective of experience. University of Minnesota Press.
- Wolff, J. (1985). The invisible flâneuse. Women and the literature of modernity. Theory, Culture & Society, 2(37), 37-46. https://doi.org/10.1177/0263276485002003005
- Woolf, V. (1966). Collected essays, vol. II (L. Woolf, Ed.). The Hogarth Press.
- Woolf, V. (1979). The diary of Virginia Woolf, vol. I (A. O. Bell, Ed.). Penguin Books.
- Woolf, V. and S. Middleton (2015). Street Haunting: A London Adventure and Bulwell. Five Leaves Publications.
Öz
Bu makale, Virginia Woolf’un 1927 tarihli “Street Haunting: A London Adventure” başlıklı denemesini ve buradaki aylak kent gezginliğinin (flânerie) kadına özgü tasvirini ele almaktadır. Makalenin başında edebiyat çalışmalarında mekânın önemi ve güncel akademik incelemelerde gözlemlenen ve “mekânsal dönüş” adı verilen değişim kaydedilmektedir. Ardından, şehirlerin modernist edebiyattaki rolüne, özellikle de bu akıma mensup metinlerdeki yer ve zamanları, anlatı özelliklerini ve temaları şekillendirmedeki etkisine değinilmektedir. Ayrıca, Henri Lefebvre ve Yi-Fu Tuan gibi “mekânsal dönüş”ün öncüleri arasında yer alan isimlerin temel fikirlerine genel bir bakış sunulmaktadır. Çalışmada Woolf’un denemesinin aylak kent gezginliği üzerine benzersiz bir yaklaşım sergilediği, yazarın şehir sokaklarında bir içe bakış ve duygusal derinlik hissiyle dolaştığı öne sürülmektedir. Woolf’un şehir manzarasına dair gözlemleri ve şehirdeki yabancılarla karşılaşmaları, günlük yaşamın olanca karmaşıklığını yansıtan zengin bir potansiyel anlatı dokusu yaratmasına olanak tanımaktadır. Bu çalışmada ayrıca Michel de Certeau’nun yürümeyi bir tür taktiksel-retorik direniş ve anlam yaratma edimi olarak ortaya koyduğu kuramı tartışılmakta ve de Certeau’nun fikirlerinin Woolf’un denemesiyle ilişkisi öne çıkarılmaktadır. Woolf’un aylak kent gezginliği, erkek “flanör” figüründen farklı olarak yalnızca şehir kalabalığının ve çevrenin mesafeli biçimde gözlemlenmesiyle ilgili değildir, aynı zamanda yazarlığa dair bir yön de barındırmaktadır zira Woolf, şehirde dolanırken yaşadığı duyguları ve deneyimleri yazdıklarına yansıtmaktadır. Bu incelemede esas olarak Woolf’un kadın aylak kent gezgini (flanöz) tasvirinin geleneksel kamusal alan anlayışlarına meydan okuduğu, kadınların deneyimlerinin kentsel çevreyi ve bu çevrenin temsillerini yeniden tanımladığı vurgulanmaktadır.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Virginia Woolf Michel de Certeau aylak kent gezginliği flanöz şehir modernist edebiyat fenomenolojik mekân
Etik Beyan
Bu çalışma için etik kurul onayı gerekmemektedir.
Kaynakça
- Baudelaire, C. (1989). The poems in prose with “La Fanfarlo,” vol. II (F. Scarfe, Trans. and Ed.). Anvil Press.
- Baudelaire, C. (1995). The painter of modern life and other essays (J. Mayne, Trans. and Ed.). Phaidon Press.
- Baudelaire, C. (2015). The flowers of evil (W. Aggeler, Trans.). Digireads.
- Bizzell, P. and Herzberg, B. (2001). The rhetorical tradition: Readings from classical times to the present. Bedford Books.
- Casey, E. S. (1993). Getting back into place: Toward a renewed understanding of the place-world. Indiana University Press.
- De Certeau, M. (1988). The practice of everyday life (S. Rendall, Trans.). University of California Press.
- Elkin, L. (2016). Flâneuse: women walk the city in Paris, New York, Tokyo, Venice, and London. Farrar, Straus and Giroux.
- Farrell, T. J. (1979). Female and male modes of rhetoric. College English, 40, 909-921.
- Jameson, F. (2007). The modernist papers. Verso.
- Johnston, L. and Longhurst, R. (2010). Space, place, and sex: Geographies of sexualities. Rowman and Littlefield.
- Lefebvre, H. (1991). The production of space (D. Nicholson-Smith, Trans.). Blackwell.
- Malpas, J. E. (1999). Place and experience: A philosophical topography. Cambridge University Press.
- McDowell, L. (1999). Gender, identity, and place: Understanding feminist geographies. University of Minnesota Press.
- Mulvey, L. (1975). Visual pleasure and narrative cinema. Screen, 16(3), 6-18. https://doi.org/10.1093/screen/16.3.6
- Pantuchowicz, A. (2017). The haunting presence of the feminine: Virginia Woolf in the streets of London. AVANT, 8(2), 191-199. https://doi.org/10.26913/80202017.0112.0015
- Prieto, E. (2017). Phenomenology, place, and the spatial turn. In R. T. Tally Jr (Ed.), The Routledge handbook of literature and space (pp. 60-69). Routledge.
- Thacker, A. (2019). Modernism, space and the city: Outsider and affect in Paris, Vienna, Berlin and London. Edinburgh University Press.
- Tseng, C-F. (2006). The flaneur, the flaneuse, and the hostess: Virginia Woolf’s (un)domesticating flanerie in Mrs. Dalloway. Concentric: Literary and Cultural Studies, 32(1), 219-258.
- Tuan, Y-F. (1990). Topophilia: A study of environmental perception, attitudes, and values. Columbia University Press.
- Tuan, Y-F. (2001). Space and place: The perspective of experience. University of Minnesota Press.
- Wolff, J. (1985). The invisible flâneuse. Women and the literature of modernity. Theory, Culture & Society, 2(37), 37-46. https://doi.org/10.1177/0263276485002003005
- Woolf, V. (1966). Collected essays, vol. II (L. Woolf, Ed.). The Hogarth Press.
- Woolf, V. (1979). The diary of Virginia Woolf, vol. I (A. O. Bell, Ed.). Penguin Books.
- Woolf, V. and S. Middleton (2015). Street Haunting: A London Adventure and Bulwell. Five Leaves Publications.
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | İngilizce |
|---|---|
| Konular | İngiliz ve İrlanda Dili, Edebiyatı ve Kültürü |
| Bölüm | Makaleler |
| Yazarlar | |
| Erken Görünüm Tarihi | 4 Haziran 2025 |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | |
| Gönderilme Tarihi | 13 Ağustos 2024 |
| Kabul Tarihi | 2 Nisan 2025 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2025 Cilt: 42 Sayı: 1 |
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