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Potential Groundwater Spatial Planning in Thi-Qar Using Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and Remote Sensing

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 12 Sayı: 1, 54 - 60, 31.03.2025

Mohammad Al_umar

Öz

Groundwater is one of the most important sources of freshwater, especially in areas suffering from scarcity of surface water or limited water resources. This research aims to identify potential areas for groundwater in Thi_Qar Governorate using Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and Remote Sensing (RS) techniques. Multiple data sources, including satellite images, digital elevation model (DEM), soil and geology maps, and land use land cover data, were collected and analyzed to determine the factors affecting groundwater distribution. The research was based on creating a model through which multiple variables were analyzed using Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). These factors were combined using equations within a GIS environment to produce a final map showing areas with high groundwater potential. The results showed that areas with very high groundwater potential are mainly concentrated in the marshland’s areas (Al-Hammar, Al-Chibayish) in the southern and southeast parts of the Thi_Qar Governorate. Additional field studies are recommended to validate the results and enhance accuracy.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Groundwater Thi_Qar Governorate GIS Remote Sensing Analytical Hierarchy Process

Proje Numarası

1

Kaynakça

  • Abdullah, A. S., & Karim, H. H. (2023). 3D geological modeling using seismic data for Yamama Formation between Nasiriya and Gharaf oilfields in Dhi_Qar, Southern Iraq. The Iraqi Geological Journal, 172-182.
  • Al-Aarajy, K. H. A., Sultan, M. A., & Hassan, Z. H. M. (2024). Determination of the groundwater potential zones in Babylon using remote sensing & GIS techniques. The Iraqi Geological Journal, 261-275.
  • Al-Abas, K. A. A., Al-Timimy, S. R., Husain, K. Y., Ethaib, S., Njeban, H. S., Rahil, F. H., & Ziboon, A. R. T. (2022, January). Building geo-database for geotechnical properties of Thi-Qar Governorate area using modern digital techniques. In IMDC-IST 2021: Proceedings of 2nd International Multi-Disciplinary Conference Theme: Integrated Sciences and Technologies, IMDC-IST 2021, 7-9 September 2021, Sakarya, Turkey (p. 464). European Alliance for Innovation.
  • Al-Ansari, N. (2021). Water resources of Iraq. Journal of Earth Sciences and Geotechnical Engineering, 11(2), 15-34.
  • Al-Bahrani, H. S., Al-Rammahi, A. H., Al-Mamoori, S. K., Al-Maliki, L. A., & Nadhir, A. A. (2022). Groundwater detection and classification using remote sensing and GIS in Najaf, Iraq. Groundwater for Sustainable Development, 19, 100838.
  • Al-Dabbas, M. A., Mhajej, K. G., & Kadum, W. H. (2020, November). Groundwater hydrochemical assessment at Rifai-Nasiriya district, Thi Qar Governorate-South Iraq. In Journal of Physics: Conference Series (Vol. 1660, No. 1, p. 012076). IOP Publishing.
  • Ali, H. M., & Shakir, R. R. (2022). Geotechnical map of Thi Qar governorate using geographical information systems (GIS). Materials Today: Proceedings, 60, 1286-1296. Al-Obaidi, M. (2017). Evaluation of groundwater quality in east of Thi-Qar Governorate (South Iraq). Iraqi Journal of Science, 58(4C), 2383-2391. Alrakabi, M. H. (2017). Elemental analysis of river, marshes and groundwater in Thi Qar region, Iraq. American Journal of Environmental Engineering, 7(3), 53-57.
  • Arunbose, S., Srinivas, Y., Rajkumar, S., Nair, N. C., & Kaliraj, S. (2021). Remote sensing, GIS and AHP techniques based investigation of groundwater potential zones in the Karumeniyar river basin, Tamil Nadu, southern India. Groundwater for Sustainable Development, 14, 100586.
  • Çelik, M. Ö., Kuşak, L., & Yakar, M. (2024). Assessment of groundwater potential zones utilizing geographic information system-based analytical hierarchy process, Vlse Kriterijumska Optimizacija Kompromisno Resenje, and technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution methods: A case study in Mersin, Türkiye. Sustainability, 16(5), 2202.
  • Dar, T., Rai, N., & Bhat, A. (2021). Delineation of potential groundwater recharge zones using analytical hierarchy process (AHP). Geology, Ecology, and Landscapes, 5(4), 292-307.
  • Ethaib, S., Zubaidi, S. L., & Al-Ansari, N. (2022). Evaluation water scarcity based on GIS estimation and climate-change effects: A case study of Thi-Qar Governorate, Iraq. Cogent Engineering, 9(1), 2075301.
  • Gambo, J., binti Roslan, S. N. A., Shafri, H. Z. M., Ya, N. N. C., & Yusuf, Y. A. (2024). Unveiling groundwater potential zones as catalyst for multidimensional poverty reduction using analytical hierarchical process and geospatial decision support systems (S-DSS) approach in the semiarid region, Jigawa, Nigeria. Groundwater for Sustainable Development, 24, 101038.
  • Gregory, A., Kelly, E., Landa, S., Muthike, D. M., Samo, J., Lopez, J., ... & Cronk, R. (2024). Challenges and opportunities for enhancing groundwater data access and usability in low-and middle-income countries: insights and recommendations from WaSH researchers and practitioners. Journal of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene for Development, 14(10), 929-937.
  • Hassan, H. M., Ismaeel, A. J., Ethaib, S., & Al-Zaidi, B. M. (2023). Developing spatial models of groundwater quality in the southwestern desert of Iraq using GIS, inverse distance weighting, and Kriging interpolation techniques. Mathematical Modelling of Engineering Problems, 10(4).
  • Monshipouri, M., & Mohajer, R. (2024). Climate change and the potential for conflict in the Middle East: Emerging threats to security and human rights. The Maghreb Review, 49(1), 14-41. Muhaimeed, A. S., Saloom, A. J., Saliem, K. A., Alani, K. A., & Muklef, W. M. (2014). Classification and distribution of Iraqi soils.
  • Nomas, A. H., & Al-Shamma, A. (2023). Water quality evaluation of the Main Drain in Thi-Qar Governorate, south Iraq. Al-Qadisiyah Journal of Pure Science, 28(1), 17.
  • Orhan, O. (2021). Monitoring of land subsidence due to excessive groundwater extraction using small baseline subset technique in Konya, Turkey. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 193(4), 174.
  • Sharghi, A., Komasi, M., & Ahmadi, M. (2025). Variable sensitivity analysis in groundwater level projections under climate change adopting a hybrid machine learning algorithm. Environmental Modelling & Software, 183, 106264.
  • Singh, S., Bhardwaj, A., & Verma, V. K. (2020). Remote sensing and GIS based analysis of temporal land use/land cover and water quality changes in Harike wetland ecosystem, Punjab, India. Journal of Environmental Management, 262, 110355.
  • Tziritis, E., Aschonitis, V., Balacco, G., Daras, P., Doulgeris, C., Fidelibus, M. D., ... & Zammouri, M. (2020). MEDSAL Project-Salinization of critical groundwater reserves in coastal Mediterranean areas: Identification, risk assessment and sustainable management with the use of integrated modelling and smart ICT tools (No. EGU2020-2326). Copernicus Meetings.
  • Ülker, D., Ergüven, O., & Gazioğlu, C. (2018). Socio-economic impacts in a Changing Climate: Case Study Syria. International Journal of Environment and Geoinformatics, 5(1), 84-93.
  • Wijayaningtyas, M., & Munasih, M. (2024). The application of analytical hierarchy process (AHP) to determine the construction project risk. In E3S Web of Conferences (Vol. 476, p. 01060). EDP Sciences.

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 12 Sayı: 1, 54 - 60, 31.03.2025

Mohammad Al_umar

Öz

Proje Numarası

1

Kaynakça

  • Abdullah, A. S., & Karim, H. H. (2023). 3D geological modeling using seismic data for Yamama Formation between Nasiriya and Gharaf oilfields in Dhi_Qar, Southern Iraq. The Iraqi Geological Journal, 172-182.
  • Al-Aarajy, K. H. A., Sultan, M. A., & Hassan, Z. H. M. (2024). Determination of the groundwater potential zones in Babylon using remote sensing & GIS techniques. The Iraqi Geological Journal, 261-275.
  • Al-Abas, K. A. A., Al-Timimy, S. R., Husain, K. Y., Ethaib, S., Njeban, H. S., Rahil, F. H., & Ziboon, A. R. T. (2022, January). Building geo-database for geotechnical properties of Thi-Qar Governorate area using modern digital techniques. In IMDC-IST 2021: Proceedings of 2nd International Multi-Disciplinary Conference Theme: Integrated Sciences and Technologies, IMDC-IST 2021, 7-9 September 2021, Sakarya, Turkey (p. 464). European Alliance for Innovation.
  • Al-Ansari, N. (2021). Water resources of Iraq. Journal of Earth Sciences and Geotechnical Engineering, 11(2), 15-34.
  • Al-Bahrani, H. S., Al-Rammahi, A. H., Al-Mamoori, S. K., Al-Maliki, L. A., & Nadhir, A. A. (2022). Groundwater detection and classification using remote sensing and GIS in Najaf, Iraq. Groundwater for Sustainable Development, 19, 100838.
  • Al-Dabbas, M. A., Mhajej, K. G., & Kadum, W. H. (2020, November). Groundwater hydrochemical assessment at Rifai-Nasiriya district, Thi Qar Governorate-South Iraq. In Journal of Physics: Conference Series (Vol. 1660, No. 1, p. 012076). IOP Publishing.
  • Ali, H. M., & Shakir, R. R. (2022). Geotechnical map of Thi Qar governorate using geographical information systems (GIS). Materials Today: Proceedings, 60, 1286-1296. Al-Obaidi, M. (2017). Evaluation of groundwater quality in east of Thi-Qar Governorate (South Iraq). Iraqi Journal of Science, 58(4C), 2383-2391. Alrakabi, M. H. (2017). Elemental analysis of river, marshes and groundwater in Thi Qar region, Iraq. American Journal of Environmental Engineering, 7(3), 53-57.
  • Arunbose, S., Srinivas, Y., Rajkumar, S., Nair, N. C., & Kaliraj, S. (2021). Remote sensing, GIS and AHP techniques based investigation of groundwater potential zones in the Karumeniyar river basin, Tamil Nadu, southern India. Groundwater for Sustainable Development, 14, 100586.
  • Çelik, M. Ö., Kuşak, L., & Yakar, M. (2024). Assessment of groundwater potential zones utilizing geographic information system-based analytical hierarchy process, Vlse Kriterijumska Optimizacija Kompromisno Resenje, and technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution methods: A case study in Mersin, Türkiye. Sustainability, 16(5), 2202.
  • Dar, T., Rai, N., & Bhat, A. (2021). Delineation of potential groundwater recharge zones using analytical hierarchy process (AHP). Geology, Ecology, and Landscapes, 5(4), 292-307.
  • Ethaib, S., Zubaidi, S. L., & Al-Ansari, N. (2022). Evaluation water scarcity based on GIS estimation and climate-change effects: A case study of Thi-Qar Governorate, Iraq. Cogent Engineering, 9(1), 2075301.
  • Gambo, J., binti Roslan, S. N. A., Shafri, H. Z. M., Ya, N. N. C., & Yusuf, Y. A. (2024). Unveiling groundwater potential zones as catalyst for multidimensional poverty reduction using analytical hierarchical process and geospatial decision support systems (S-DSS) approach in the semiarid region, Jigawa, Nigeria. Groundwater for Sustainable Development, 24, 101038.
  • Gregory, A., Kelly, E., Landa, S., Muthike, D. M., Samo, J., Lopez, J., ... & Cronk, R. (2024). Challenges and opportunities for enhancing groundwater data access and usability in low-and middle-income countries: insights and recommendations from WaSH researchers and practitioners. Journal of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene for Development, 14(10), 929-937.
  • Hassan, H. M., Ismaeel, A. J., Ethaib, S., & Al-Zaidi, B. M. (2023). Developing spatial models of groundwater quality in the southwestern desert of Iraq using GIS, inverse distance weighting, and Kriging interpolation techniques. Mathematical Modelling of Engineering Problems, 10(4).
  • Monshipouri, M., & Mohajer, R. (2024). Climate change and the potential for conflict in the Middle East: Emerging threats to security and human rights. The Maghreb Review, 49(1), 14-41. Muhaimeed, A. S., Saloom, A. J., Saliem, K. A., Alani, K. A., & Muklef, W. M. (2014). Classification and distribution of Iraqi soils.
  • Nomas, A. H., & Al-Shamma, A. (2023). Water quality evaluation of the Main Drain in Thi-Qar Governorate, south Iraq. Al-Qadisiyah Journal of Pure Science, 28(1), 17.
  • Orhan, O. (2021). Monitoring of land subsidence due to excessive groundwater extraction using small baseline subset technique in Konya, Turkey. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 193(4), 174.
  • Sharghi, A., Komasi, M., & Ahmadi, M. (2025). Variable sensitivity analysis in groundwater level projections under climate change adopting a hybrid machine learning algorithm. Environmental Modelling & Software, 183, 106264.
  • Singh, S., Bhardwaj, A., & Verma, V. K. (2020). Remote sensing and GIS based analysis of temporal land use/land cover and water quality changes in Harike wetland ecosystem, Punjab, India. Journal of Environmental Management, 262, 110355.
  • Tziritis, E., Aschonitis, V., Balacco, G., Daras, P., Doulgeris, C., Fidelibus, M. D., ... & Zammouri, M. (2020). MEDSAL Project-Salinization of critical groundwater reserves in coastal Mediterranean areas: Identification, risk assessment and sustainable management with the use of integrated modelling and smart ICT tools (No. EGU2020-2326). Copernicus Meetings.
  • Ülker, D., Ergüven, O., & Gazioğlu, C. (2018). Socio-economic impacts in a Changing Climate: Case Study Syria. International Journal of Environment and Geoinformatics, 5(1), 84-93.
  • Wijayaningtyas, M., & Munasih, M. (2024). The application of analytical hierarchy process (AHP) to determine the construction project risk. In E3S Web of Conferences (Vol. 476, p. 01060). EDP Sciences.
Toplam 22 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Su Kaynakları ve Su Yapıları
Bölüm Research Articles
Yazarlar

Mohammad Al_umar 0000-0002-9936-6242

Proje Numarası 1
Yayımlanma Tarihi 31 Mart 2025
Gönderilme Tarihi 21 Ocak 2025
Kabul Tarihi 26 Şubat 2025
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2025 Cilt: 12 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Al_umar, M. (2025). Potential Groundwater Spatial Planning in Thi-Qar Using Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and Remote Sensing. International Journal of Environment and Geoinformatics, 12(1), 54-60.

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