Effects of Foliar Application of Iron (Fe) and Zinc (Zn) on Agronomic Characteristics of Soybean (Glycine max L.)
Öz
This study was conducted over a period of two years to determine the effects of foliar-applied iron (Fe) and zinc (Zn) on the agronomic characteristics of soybean (Glycine max L.). The research was arranged in a randomized complete block design with four treatments: control, Fe, Zn, and Fe+Zn. The treatments were applied by foliar spraying during the vegetative growth stage. In the applications, 1.5 kg/da of iron sulfate (FeSO₄•7H₂O) and 3 kg/da of zinc sulfate (ZnSO₄•7H₂O) fertilizers were used. The treatments were evaluated based on parameters such as plant height, number of branches per plant, number of pods per plant, first pod height, pod length, number of seeds per pod, first branch height, 100-seed weight, 1000-seed weight, yield per plot, and yield per decare, as well as quality traits such as protein (%), ash (%), and oil content (%).
The findings indicated that Fe and Zn applications significantly affected certain agronomic traits depending on the year, including plant height (p<0.05), number of branches per plant (p<0.01), number of seeds per pod (p<0.05), first branch height (p<0.05), and yield per plot (p<0.01). The highest average yield over two years (389.33 kg/da) was obtained from the Fe+Zn treatment. Regarding quality parameters, the highest protein content (37.59%) was observed in the first year under the Fe+Zn treatment, the highest ash content (9.10%) in the second year under the Fe+Zn treatment, and the highest oil content (19.8%) in the second year under the Fe treatment. In conclusion, foliar applications of Fe and Zn supported the growth of soybean plants, enhancing both yield and quality, and can be considered an important nutritional strategy for sustainable production.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kaynakça
- Abbas, G., Khan, M. Q., Khan, M. J., Hussain, F., & Hussain, I. (2009). Effect of iron on the growth and yield contributing parameters of soybean (Glycine max L.). Journal of Animal and Plant Sciences, 19(3), 140–143.
- Alloway, B. J. (2008). Zinc in soils and crop nutrition. International Zinc Association (IZA).
- Arıoğlu, H.H., 2000. Yağ Bitkileri Yetiştirme ve Islahı. Ç.Ü. Zir. Fak. Yayın No:220, Adana.
- Bek, D., Arıoğlu, H.H., 2005. Çukurova koşullarında farklı soya genotiplerinin adaptasyon ve verim potansiyellerinin saptanması. T ürkiye VI. TarlaBitkileri Kongresi, 5-9 Eylül 2005, Antalya, Cilt II,1101-1105.
- Broadley, M., Brown, P., Cakmak, I., Rengel, Z., & Zhao, F. (2012). Function of nutrients: micronutrients. In P. Marschner (Ed.), Marschner’s Mineral Nutrition of Higher Plants (3rd ed., pp. 191–248). Academic Press.
- Cakmak, I. (2000). Possible roles of zinc in protecting plant cells from damage by reactive oxygen species. New Phytologist, 146, 185–205.
- Cakmak, I. (2008). Enrichment of cereal grains with zinc: Agronomic or genetic biofortification? Plant and Soil, 302(1-2), 1–17.
- Falaknaz, M., Farokhian, S., Kahrizi, D., (2022). Effect of Foliar Application of Micronutrients on Quantitative and Qualitative Characteristics of Soybean (Glycine max L.). Agrotechniques in Industrial Crops, 2(2):79-86, DOI:10.22126/ATIC.2022.7913.1059
- Fernández, V., & Ebert, G. (2005). Foliar iron fertilization: a critical review. Journal of Plant Nutrition, 28(12), 2113–2124.
- Imran, M., Mahmood, A., Abbas, G., Majeed, A., & Nawaz, H. (2015). Foliar application of micronutrients enhances the yield and net economic return of soybean. International Journal of Agronomy and Agricultural Research, 7(1), 1–7.
- Karasu, A., Öz, M., Göksoy, A.T., 2002. Bazı soya fasulyesi (Glycine max L. Merill) çeşitlerinin Bursa koşullarına adaptasyonu konusunda bir çalışma. UÜZir. Fak. Derg. 16(2): 25-34.
- Lindsay, W. L., & Schwab, A. P. (1982). The chemistry of iron in soils and its availability to plants. Journal of Plant Nutrition, 5(4-7), 821–840.
- Liu, K. (2008). Soybeans: Chemistry, Technology, and Utilization. Springer. Marschner, H. (2012). Marschner's Mineral Nutrition of Higher Plants (3rd ed.). Academic Press. Salvagiotti, F., et al., 2008. Nitrogen uptake, fixation and response to fertilizer N in soybeans: A review. Field Crops Research, 108(1), 1–13.
- Yilmaz, A., Ekiz, H., Gültekin, I., Torun, B., & Cakmak, I. 1997. Effect of different zinc application methods on grain yield and zinc concentration in wheat cultivars grown on zinc-deficient calcareous soils. Journal of Plant Nutrition, 20, 461–471.
- Yılmaz, A., Beyyavaş, V., Cevheri, İ., Haliloğlu, H., 2005. Harran ovası ekolojisinde ikinci ürün olarak yetiştirilebilecek bazı soya (Glycine max L. Merrill.) çeşit ve genotiplerinin belirlenmesi. Harran Üniv. ZF Derg., 9(2): 55-61.
- Zan, Y., Geng, Q., & Xu, X. (2010). Effects of zinc and iron fertilization on the yield and nutritional quality of soybean. Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer Science, 16(5), 1175–1181.
Effects of Foliar Application of Iron (Fe) and Zinc (Zn) on Agronomic Characteristics of Soybean (Glycine max L.)
Öz
This study was conducted over a period of two years to determine the effects of foliar-applied iron (Fe) and zinc (Zn) on the agronomic characteristics of soybean (Glycine max L.). The research was arranged in a randomized complete block design with four treatments: control, Fe, Zn, and Fe+Zn. The treatments were applied by foliar spraying during the vegetative growth stage. In the applications, 1.5 kg/da of iron sulfate (FeSO₄•7H₂O) and 3 kg/da of zinc sulfate (ZnSO₄•7H₂O) fertilizers were used. The treatments were evaluated based on parameters such as plant height, number of branches per plant, number of pods per plant, first pod height, pod length, number of seeds per pod, first branch height, 100-seed weight, 1000-seed weight, yield per plot, and yield per decare, as well as quality traits such as protein (%), ash (%), and oil content (%).
The findings indicated that Fe and Zn applications significantly affected certain agronomic traits depending on the year, including plant height (p<0.05), number of branches per plant (p<0.01), number of seeds per pod (p<0.05), first branch height (p<0.05), and yield per plot (p<0.01). The highest average yield over two years (389.33 kg/da) was obtained from the Fe+Zn treatment. Regarding quality parameters, the highest protein content (37.59%) was observed in the first year under the Fe+Zn treatment, the highest ash content (9.10%) in the second year under the Fe+Zn treatment, and the highest oil content (19.8%) in the second year under the Fe treatment. In conclusion, foliar applications of Fe and Zn supported the growth of soybean plants, enhancing both yield and quality, and can be considered an important nutritional strategy for sustainable production.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kaynakça
- Abbas, G., Khan, M. Q., Khan, M. J., Hussain, F., & Hussain, I. (2009). Effect of iron on the growth and yield contributing parameters of soybean (Glycine max L.). Journal of Animal and Plant Sciences, 19(3), 140–143.
- Alloway, B. J. (2008). Zinc in soils and crop nutrition. International Zinc Association (IZA).
- Arıoğlu, H.H., 2000. Yağ Bitkileri Yetiştirme ve Islahı. Ç.Ü. Zir. Fak. Yayın No:220, Adana.
- Bek, D., Arıoğlu, H.H., 2005. Çukurova koşullarında farklı soya genotiplerinin adaptasyon ve verim potansiyellerinin saptanması. T ürkiye VI. TarlaBitkileri Kongresi, 5-9 Eylül 2005, Antalya, Cilt II,1101-1105.
- Broadley, M., Brown, P., Cakmak, I., Rengel, Z., & Zhao, F. (2012). Function of nutrients: micronutrients. In P. Marschner (Ed.), Marschner’s Mineral Nutrition of Higher Plants (3rd ed., pp. 191–248). Academic Press.
- Cakmak, I. (2000). Possible roles of zinc in protecting plant cells from damage by reactive oxygen species. New Phytologist, 146, 185–205.
- Cakmak, I. (2008). Enrichment of cereal grains with zinc: Agronomic or genetic biofortification? Plant and Soil, 302(1-2), 1–17.
- Falaknaz, M., Farokhian, S., Kahrizi, D., (2022). Effect of Foliar Application of Micronutrients on Quantitative and Qualitative Characteristics of Soybean (Glycine max L.). Agrotechniques in Industrial Crops, 2(2):79-86, DOI:10.22126/ATIC.2022.7913.1059
- Fernández, V., & Ebert, G. (2005). Foliar iron fertilization: a critical review. Journal of Plant Nutrition, 28(12), 2113–2124.
- Imran, M., Mahmood, A., Abbas, G., Majeed, A., & Nawaz, H. (2015). Foliar application of micronutrients enhances the yield and net economic return of soybean. International Journal of Agronomy and Agricultural Research, 7(1), 1–7.
- Karasu, A., Öz, M., Göksoy, A.T., 2002. Bazı soya fasulyesi (Glycine max L. Merill) çeşitlerinin Bursa koşullarına adaptasyonu konusunda bir çalışma. UÜZir. Fak. Derg. 16(2): 25-34.
- Lindsay, W. L., & Schwab, A. P. (1982). The chemistry of iron in soils and its availability to plants. Journal of Plant Nutrition, 5(4-7), 821–840.
- Liu, K. (2008). Soybeans: Chemistry, Technology, and Utilization. Springer. Marschner, H. (2012). Marschner's Mineral Nutrition of Higher Plants (3rd ed.). Academic Press. Salvagiotti, F., et al., 2008. Nitrogen uptake, fixation and response to fertilizer N in soybeans: A review. Field Crops Research, 108(1), 1–13.
- Yilmaz, A., Ekiz, H., Gültekin, I., Torun, B., & Cakmak, I. 1997. Effect of different zinc application methods on grain yield and zinc concentration in wheat cultivars grown on zinc-deficient calcareous soils. Journal of Plant Nutrition, 20, 461–471.
- Yılmaz, A., Beyyavaş, V., Cevheri, İ., Haliloğlu, H., 2005. Harran ovası ekolojisinde ikinci ürün olarak yetiştirilebilecek bazı soya (Glycine max L. Merrill.) çeşit ve genotiplerinin belirlenmesi. Harran Üniv. ZF Derg., 9(2): 55-61.
- Zan, Y., Geng, Q., & Xu, X. (2010). Effects of zinc and iron fertilization on the yield and nutritional quality of soybean. Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer Science, 16(5), 1175–1181.
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | İngilizce |
|---|---|
| Konular | Hayvansal Üretim (Diğer) |
| Bölüm | Makaleler |
| Yazarlar | |
| Erken Görünüm Tarihi | 23 Haziran 2025 |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | |
| Gönderilme Tarihi | 14 Mayıs 2025 |
| Kabul Tarihi | 23 Haziran 2025 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2025 Cilt: 9 Sayı: 1 |
Kaynak Göster
Environmental Engineering, Environmental Sustainability and Development, Industrial Waste Issues and Management, Global warming and Climate Change, Environmental Law, Environmental Developments and Legislation, Environmental Protection, Biotechnology and Environment, Fossil Fuels and Renewable Energy, Chemical Engineering, Civil Engineering, Geological Engineering, Mining Engineering, Agriculture Engineering, Biology, Chemistry, Physics,