Araştırma Makalesi
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A Cross-Sectional Study on Clinical and Sociodemographic Characteristics of Patients Presenting to the Emergency Department with Suicidal Behavior

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 17 Sayı: 1, 26 - 34, 30.04.2025

İlker Güneysu , Alpin Derya Çınar

Öz

Abstract
Objective: The etiology of suicidal behavior is heterogeneous and complex. Therefore, the difficulty experienced by clinicians in the evaluation of suicide cases is obvious. In this study, psychiatry consultations requested by Tokat Gaziosmanpaşa University Emergency Clinic were retrospectively analyzed. The aim of this study was to determine the sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of patients evaluated for suicidal behavior.
Material and Method: Descriptive statistics on sociodemographic and clinical characteristics were applied with the data obtained from the consultation file information. Group comparisons were made for the characteristics of the groups recommended for inpatient or outpatient follow-up in the psychiatry clinic after psychiatrist evaluation.
Results: As a result of the evaluation, the patients were predominantly young and female. The presence of psychotic symptoms and history of psychiatric treatment were found to be determinants in the inpatient group compared to the outpatient group.
Conclusion: Suicidal behavior is a common reason for admission to emergency departments and descriptive studies in this field will help clinicians in the evaluation phase.
Keywords: Suicide, Suicide Attempt, Psychiatric Emergency

Anahtar Kelimeler

Suicide Suicide Attempt Psychiatric Emergency

Kaynakça

  • Referans 1. Association AP. Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders. Text revision. 2000.
  • Referans 2. Silverman MM, Berman AL, Sanddal ND, O'carroll PW, Joiner Jr TE. Rebuilding the tower of Babel: a revised nomenclature for the study of suicide and suicidal behaviors. Part 2: Suicide-related ideations, communications, and behaviors. Suicide and Life-Threatening Behavior. 2007;37(3):264-77.
  • Referans 3. Kurumu Tİ. Ölüm ve Ölüm Nedeni İstatistikleri, 2023 2024 [cited 2024 12.06.2024]. Available from: https://data.tuik.gov.tr/Bulten/Index?p=Olum-ve-Olum-Nedeni-Istatistikleri-2023.
  • Referans 4. Çatak B, Öner C, Baştürk S, Karaali O, Oğuz İ, Özbek R. İkinci Ve Üçüncü Basamak Sağlik Kuruluşlari Acil Servislerine İntihar Girişimi Nedeniyle Yapilan Başvurularin Değerlendirilmesi. Nobel Medicus Journal. 2015;11(1).
  • Referans 5. Organization WH. Preventing suicide: A global imperative. World Health Organization. 2014.
  • Referans 6. Gairin I, House A, Owens D. Attendance at the accident and emergency department in the year before suicide: retrospective study. The British Journal of Psychiatry. 2003;183(1):28-33.
  • Referans 7. Pisani AR, Murrie DC, Silverman MM. Reformulating suicide risk formulation: from prediction to prevention. Academic Psychiatry. 2016;40:623-9.
  • Referans 8. Mulder R, Newton-Howes G, Coid JW. The futility of risk prediction in psychiatry. The British Journal of Psychiatry. 2016;209(4):271-2.
  • Referans 9. Large M, Kaneson M, Myles N, Myles H, Gunaratne P, Ryan C. Meta-analysis of longitudinal cohort studies of suicide risk assessment among psychiatric patients: heterogeneity in results and lack of improvement over time. PloS one. 2016;11(6):e0156322.
  • Referans 10. Chan MK, Bhatti H, Meader N, Stockton S, Evans J, O'Connor RC, et al. Predicting suicide following self-harm: systematic review of risk factors and risk scales. The British Journal of Psychiatry. 2016;209(4):277-83.
  • Referans 11. Boğan M, Beki̇rcan E, Boğan F, Kara N, Kara AC. Retrospective study on suicide attempts among psychiatric emergencies admitted to the emergency department of a Regional hospital in Turkey. Current Psychology. 2024:1-8.
  • Referans 12. Ercan S, Aksoy M, Yalçın A, Şimşek A, Acar R, Ercin Şahin RS. Clinical Characteristics of Suicidal Cases who Attempted to Emergency Services in Ankara. Bilişsel Davranışçı Psikoterapi ve Araştırmalar 2016; 5 (1).
  • Referans 13. Kerkhof A. Attempted suicide and deliberate self-harm: epidemiology and risk factors. New Oxford textbook of psychiatry: Oxford University Press; 2000. p. 1039-45.
  • Referans 14. Ziherl S, Zalar B. Risk of suicide after attempted suicide in the population of Slovenia from 1970 to 1996. European psychiatry. 2006;21(6):396-400.
  • Referans 15. Kim S, Park J, Lee H, Lee H, Woo S, Kwon R, et al. Global public concern of childhood and adolescence suicide: a new perspective and new strategies for suicide prevention in the post-pandemic era. World journal of pediatrics. 2024;20(9):872-900.
  • Referans 16. Hughes JL, Horowitz LM, Ackerman JP, Adrian MC, Campo JV, Bridge JA. Suicide in young people: screening, risk assessment, and intervention. BMJ. 2023;381:e070630.
  • Referans 17. Canetto SS, Sakinofsky I. The gender paradox in suicide. Suicide and Life‐Threatening Behavior. 1998;28(1):1-23.
  • Referans 18. Alptekin K, Duyan V, Demirel S. Adiyaman'da intihar girisimleri/Suicide attempts in Adiyaman. Anadolu Psikiyatri Dergisi. 2006;7(3):150.
  • Referans 19. Karakurt MD. Analysis of sociodemographic data of the patients admitted to a state hospital because of suicide attempt: İntihar girişimi nedeniyle bir devlet hastanesine başvuran hastaların sosyodemografik verilerinin incelenmesi. European Journal of Therapeutics. 2015;21(2):104-7.
  • Referans 20. Bachmann S. Epidemiology of suicide and the psychiatric perspective. International journal of environmental research and public health. 2018;15(7):1425.
  • Referans 21. Carretta RF, McKee SA, Rhee TG. Gender differences in risks of suicide and suicidal behaviors in the USA: a narrative review. Current psychiatry reports. 2023;25(12):809-24.
  • Referans 22. Ercan S, Aksoy M, Yalçın A, Şimşek AÇ, Acar R, Erçin Şahin T. Ankara’da acil servislere başvuran intihar girişim olgularının sosyodemografik ve klinik özellikleri. Bilişsel Davranışçı Psikoterapi ve Araştırmalar Dergisi. 2016;1:5-12.
  • Referans 23. Hatip A, Armagan HH, Karaman K. Acil Servise Başvuran İntihar Olgularının Geriye Dönük Analizi. Muğla Sıtkı Koçman Üniversitesi Tıp Dergisi. 2020;7(3):128-30.
  • Referans 24. Zhu J, Liu H, Gao R, Ding L, Wang J, Yang Y, et al. Understanding the educational inequalities in suicide attempts and their mediators: a Mendelian randomisation study. General psychiatry. 2024;37(1).
  • Referans 25. Harmancı P. Dünya'daki ve Türkiye'deki intihar vakalarının sosyodemografik özellikler açısından incelenmesi. Hacettepe University Faculty of Health Sciences Journal. 2015.
  • Referans 26. Blasco-Fontecilla H, Perez-Rodriguez MM, Garcia-Nieto R, Fernandez-Navarro P, Galfalvy H, de Leon J, et al. Worldwide impact of economic cycles on suicide trends over 3 decades: differences according to level of development. A mixed effect model study. BMJ Open. 2012;2(3):e000785.
  • Referans 27. Grover S, Sarkar S, Bhalla A, Chakrabarti S, Avasthi A. Demographic, clinical and psychological characteristics of patients with self-harm behaviours attending an emergency department of a tertiary care hospital. Asian journal of psychiatry. 2016;20:3-10.
  • Referans 28. Dhossche DM. Suicidal behavior in psychiatric emergency room patients. Southern medical journal. 2000;93(3):310-4.
  • Referans 29. Gray C. Assessment of the suicidal patient in the emergency department. Behavioral Emergencies for the Emergency Physician. 2013:60.
  • Referans 30. Tu L, Liu Y, Zhu H, Zhang Q, Ji X. Characteristics of drug overdose suicide attempts presenting to the psychiatric emergency department of Beijing Anding Hospital. BMC public health. 2024;24(1):1597.
  • Referans 31. Menon V, Subramanian K, Balasubramanian I. Suicide: Epidemiology, Prevention, Assessment, Treatment, and Outcomes. Essentials in Health and Mental Health: Unlocking the Keys to Wellness: Springer; 2024. p. 77-91.
  • Referans 32. Berkelmans G, van der Mei R, Bhulai S, Gilissen R. Identifying socio-demographic risk factors for suicide using data on an individual level. BMC Public Health. 2021;21:1-8.
  • Referans 33. Chakravarthy B, Hoonpongsimanont W, Anderson CL, Habicht M, Bruckner T, Lotfipour S. Depression, suicidal ideation, and suicidal attempt presenting to the emergency department: differences between these cohorts. Western Journal of Emergency Medicine. 2014;15(2):211.
  • Referans 34. Hughes JL, Anderson NL, Wiblin JL, Asarnow JR. Predictors and outcomes of psychiatric hospitalization in youth presenting to the emergency department with suicidality. Suicide and Life‐Threatening Behavior. 2017;47(2):193-204.
  • Referans 35. Goldberg JF, Ernst CL, Bird S. Predicting hospitalization versus discharge of suicidal patients presenting to a psychiatric emergency service. Psychiatric Services. 2007;58(4):561-5.
  • Referans 36. Paykel ES, Hallowell C, Dressler DM, Shapiro DL, Weissman MM. Treatment of suicide attempters: a descriptive study. Archives of general psychiatry. 1974;31(4):487-91.
  • Referans 37. Nugent SM, Anderson J, Young SK. Behavioural mental health interventions delivered in the emergency department for suicide, overdose and psychosis: a scoping review. BMJ Open. 2024;14(3):e080023.
  • Referans 38. Yonemoto N. Suicide Prevention in Emergency Department Settings. Suicide Risk Assessment and Prevention: Springer; 2023. p. 1037-59.

Acil Servise İntihar Davranışı ile Başvuran Hastaların Klinik ve Sosyodemografik Özelliklerine İlişkin Kesitsel İnceleme

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 17 Sayı: 1, 26 - 34, 30.04.2025

İlker Güneysu , Alpin Derya Çınar

Öz

Özet
Amaç: İntihar davranışının etiyolojisi heterojen ve karmaşık bir yapıya sahiptir. Bu nedenle intihar olgularının değerlendirmesinde klinisiyenlerin yaşadığı zorluk aşikârdır. Yapılan bu çalışma ile Tokat Gaziosmanpaşa Üniversitesi Acil Kliniği tarafından talep edilen psikiyatri konsültasyonları geriye dönük olarak incelenmiştir. Bu çalışmayla, intihar davranışı nedeniyle değerlendirilen hastaların, sosyodemografik ve klinik özelliklerinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Konsültasyon dosya bilgilerinden elde edilen verilerle sosyodemografik özellikler ve klinik özelliklere ilişkin tanımlayıcı istatistikler uygulanmıştır. Psikiyatrist değerlendirmesi ardından psikiyatri kliniğine yatarak veya ayaktan takip önerilen grupların özellikleri için grup karşılaştırılması yapılmıştır.
Bulgular: Yapılan değerlendirme sonucunda hastaların, ağırlıklı olarak genç ve kadın hastalardan oluştuğu görülmüştür. Yatarak tedavi önerilen grupta ayaktan tedavi önerilen gruba göre psikotik bulgu ve psikiyatrik tedavi öyküsü varlığının belirleyici olabileceği saptanmıştır.
Sonuç: İntihar davranışı acil servislerde sık karşılaşılan bir başvuru nedeni olup bu alanda yapılacak tanımlayıcı çalışmalar klinisyenlere değerlendirme aşamasında yardımcı olacaktır.
Anahtar Sözcükler: İntihar, İntihar Girişimi, Psikiyatrik Acil

Anahtar Kelimeler

İntihar İntihar Girişimi Psikiyatrik Acil

Kaynakça

  • Referans 1. Association AP. Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders. Text revision. 2000.
  • Referans 2. Silverman MM, Berman AL, Sanddal ND, O'carroll PW, Joiner Jr TE. Rebuilding the tower of Babel: a revised nomenclature for the study of suicide and suicidal behaviors. Part 2: Suicide-related ideations, communications, and behaviors. Suicide and Life-Threatening Behavior. 2007;37(3):264-77.
  • Referans 3. Kurumu Tİ. Ölüm ve Ölüm Nedeni İstatistikleri, 2023 2024 [cited 2024 12.06.2024]. Available from: https://data.tuik.gov.tr/Bulten/Index?p=Olum-ve-Olum-Nedeni-Istatistikleri-2023.
  • Referans 4. Çatak B, Öner C, Baştürk S, Karaali O, Oğuz İ, Özbek R. İkinci Ve Üçüncü Basamak Sağlik Kuruluşlari Acil Servislerine İntihar Girişimi Nedeniyle Yapilan Başvurularin Değerlendirilmesi. Nobel Medicus Journal. 2015;11(1).
  • Referans 5. Organization WH. Preventing suicide: A global imperative. World Health Organization. 2014.
  • Referans 6. Gairin I, House A, Owens D. Attendance at the accident and emergency department in the year before suicide: retrospective study. The British Journal of Psychiatry. 2003;183(1):28-33.
  • Referans 7. Pisani AR, Murrie DC, Silverman MM. Reformulating suicide risk formulation: from prediction to prevention. Academic Psychiatry. 2016;40:623-9.
  • Referans 8. Mulder R, Newton-Howes G, Coid JW. The futility of risk prediction in psychiatry. The British Journal of Psychiatry. 2016;209(4):271-2.
  • Referans 9. Large M, Kaneson M, Myles N, Myles H, Gunaratne P, Ryan C. Meta-analysis of longitudinal cohort studies of suicide risk assessment among psychiatric patients: heterogeneity in results and lack of improvement over time. PloS one. 2016;11(6):e0156322.
  • Referans 10. Chan MK, Bhatti H, Meader N, Stockton S, Evans J, O'Connor RC, et al. Predicting suicide following self-harm: systematic review of risk factors and risk scales. The British Journal of Psychiatry. 2016;209(4):277-83.
  • Referans 11. Boğan M, Beki̇rcan E, Boğan F, Kara N, Kara AC. Retrospective study on suicide attempts among psychiatric emergencies admitted to the emergency department of a Regional hospital in Turkey. Current Psychology. 2024:1-8.
  • Referans 12. Ercan S, Aksoy M, Yalçın A, Şimşek A, Acar R, Ercin Şahin RS. Clinical Characteristics of Suicidal Cases who Attempted to Emergency Services in Ankara. Bilişsel Davranışçı Psikoterapi ve Araştırmalar 2016; 5 (1).
  • Referans 13. Kerkhof A. Attempted suicide and deliberate self-harm: epidemiology and risk factors. New Oxford textbook of psychiatry: Oxford University Press; 2000. p. 1039-45.
  • Referans 14. Ziherl S, Zalar B. Risk of suicide after attempted suicide in the population of Slovenia from 1970 to 1996. European psychiatry. 2006;21(6):396-400.
  • Referans 15. Kim S, Park J, Lee H, Lee H, Woo S, Kwon R, et al. Global public concern of childhood and adolescence suicide: a new perspective and new strategies for suicide prevention in the post-pandemic era. World journal of pediatrics. 2024;20(9):872-900.
  • Referans 16. Hughes JL, Horowitz LM, Ackerman JP, Adrian MC, Campo JV, Bridge JA. Suicide in young people: screening, risk assessment, and intervention. BMJ. 2023;381:e070630.
  • Referans 17. Canetto SS, Sakinofsky I. The gender paradox in suicide. Suicide and Life‐Threatening Behavior. 1998;28(1):1-23.
  • Referans 18. Alptekin K, Duyan V, Demirel S. Adiyaman'da intihar girisimleri/Suicide attempts in Adiyaman. Anadolu Psikiyatri Dergisi. 2006;7(3):150.
  • Referans 19. Karakurt MD. Analysis of sociodemographic data of the patients admitted to a state hospital because of suicide attempt: İntihar girişimi nedeniyle bir devlet hastanesine başvuran hastaların sosyodemografik verilerinin incelenmesi. European Journal of Therapeutics. 2015;21(2):104-7.
  • Referans 20. Bachmann S. Epidemiology of suicide and the psychiatric perspective. International journal of environmental research and public health. 2018;15(7):1425.
  • Referans 21. Carretta RF, McKee SA, Rhee TG. Gender differences in risks of suicide and suicidal behaviors in the USA: a narrative review. Current psychiatry reports. 2023;25(12):809-24.
  • Referans 22. Ercan S, Aksoy M, Yalçın A, Şimşek AÇ, Acar R, Erçin Şahin T. Ankara’da acil servislere başvuran intihar girişim olgularının sosyodemografik ve klinik özellikleri. Bilişsel Davranışçı Psikoterapi ve Araştırmalar Dergisi. 2016;1:5-12.
  • Referans 23. Hatip A, Armagan HH, Karaman K. Acil Servise Başvuran İntihar Olgularının Geriye Dönük Analizi. Muğla Sıtkı Koçman Üniversitesi Tıp Dergisi. 2020;7(3):128-30.
  • Referans 24. Zhu J, Liu H, Gao R, Ding L, Wang J, Yang Y, et al. Understanding the educational inequalities in suicide attempts and their mediators: a Mendelian randomisation study. General psychiatry. 2024;37(1).
  • Referans 25. Harmancı P. Dünya'daki ve Türkiye'deki intihar vakalarının sosyodemografik özellikler açısından incelenmesi. Hacettepe University Faculty of Health Sciences Journal. 2015.
  • Referans 26. Blasco-Fontecilla H, Perez-Rodriguez MM, Garcia-Nieto R, Fernandez-Navarro P, Galfalvy H, de Leon J, et al. Worldwide impact of economic cycles on suicide trends over 3 decades: differences according to level of development. A mixed effect model study. BMJ Open. 2012;2(3):e000785.
  • Referans 27. Grover S, Sarkar S, Bhalla A, Chakrabarti S, Avasthi A. Demographic, clinical and psychological characteristics of patients with self-harm behaviours attending an emergency department of a tertiary care hospital. Asian journal of psychiatry. 2016;20:3-10.
  • Referans 28. Dhossche DM. Suicidal behavior in psychiatric emergency room patients. Southern medical journal. 2000;93(3):310-4.
  • Referans 29. Gray C. Assessment of the suicidal patient in the emergency department. Behavioral Emergencies for the Emergency Physician. 2013:60.
  • Referans 30. Tu L, Liu Y, Zhu H, Zhang Q, Ji X. Characteristics of drug overdose suicide attempts presenting to the psychiatric emergency department of Beijing Anding Hospital. BMC public health. 2024;24(1):1597.
  • Referans 31. Menon V, Subramanian K, Balasubramanian I. Suicide: Epidemiology, Prevention, Assessment, Treatment, and Outcomes. Essentials in Health and Mental Health: Unlocking the Keys to Wellness: Springer; 2024. p. 77-91.
  • Referans 32. Berkelmans G, van der Mei R, Bhulai S, Gilissen R. Identifying socio-demographic risk factors for suicide using data on an individual level. BMC Public Health. 2021;21:1-8.
  • Referans 33. Chakravarthy B, Hoonpongsimanont W, Anderson CL, Habicht M, Bruckner T, Lotfipour S. Depression, suicidal ideation, and suicidal attempt presenting to the emergency department: differences between these cohorts. Western Journal of Emergency Medicine. 2014;15(2):211.
  • Referans 34. Hughes JL, Anderson NL, Wiblin JL, Asarnow JR. Predictors and outcomes of psychiatric hospitalization in youth presenting to the emergency department with suicidality. Suicide and Life‐Threatening Behavior. 2017;47(2):193-204.
  • Referans 35. Goldberg JF, Ernst CL, Bird S. Predicting hospitalization versus discharge of suicidal patients presenting to a psychiatric emergency service. Psychiatric Services. 2007;58(4):561-5.
  • Referans 36. Paykel ES, Hallowell C, Dressler DM, Shapiro DL, Weissman MM. Treatment of suicide attempters: a descriptive study. Archives of general psychiatry. 1974;31(4):487-91.
  • Referans 37. Nugent SM, Anderson J, Young SK. Behavioural mental health interventions delivered in the emergency department for suicide, overdose and psychosis: a scoping review. BMJ Open. 2024;14(3):e080023.
  • Referans 38. Yonemoto N. Suicide Prevention in Emergency Department Settings. Suicide Risk Assessment and Prevention: Springer; 2023. p. 1037-59.
Toplam 38 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Psikiyatri
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

İlker Güneysu 0000-0003-4777-4524

Alpin Derya Çınar 0000-0003-1431-2892

Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Nisan 2025
Gönderilme Tarihi 15 Eylül 2024
Kabul Tarihi 6 Ocak 2025
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2025 Cilt: 17 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Güneysu, İ., & Çınar, A. D. (2025). Acil Servise İntihar Davranışı ile Başvuran Hastaların Klinik ve Sosyodemografik Özelliklerine İlişkin Kesitsel İnceleme. International Journal of Tokat Medical Sciences, 17(1), 26-34.
AMA Güneysu İ, Çınar AD. Acil Servise İntihar Davranışı ile Başvuran Hastaların Klinik ve Sosyodemografik Özelliklerine İlişkin Kesitsel İnceleme. Int J Tokat Med Sci. Nisan 2025;17(1):26-34.
Chicago Güneysu, İlker, ve Alpin Derya Çınar. “Acil Servise İntihar Davranışı Ile Başvuran Hastaların Klinik Ve Sosyodemografik Özelliklerine İlişkin Kesitsel İnceleme”. International Journal of Tokat Medical Sciences 17, sy. 1 (Nisan 2025): 26-34.
EndNote Güneysu İ, Çınar AD (01 Nisan 2025) Acil Servise İntihar Davranışı ile Başvuran Hastaların Klinik ve Sosyodemografik Özelliklerine İlişkin Kesitsel İnceleme. International Journal of Tokat Medical Sciences 17 1 26–34.
IEEE İ. Güneysu ve A. D. Çınar, “Acil Servise İntihar Davranışı ile Başvuran Hastaların Klinik ve Sosyodemografik Özelliklerine İlişkin Kesitsel İnceleme”, Int J Tokat Med Sci, c. 17, sy. 1, ss. 26–34, 2025.
ISNAD Güneysu, İlker - Çınar, Alpin Derya. “Acil Servise İntihar Davranışı Ile Başvuran Hastaların Klinik Ve Sosyodemografik Özelliklerine İlişkin Kesitsel İnceleme”. International Journal of Tokat Medical Sciences 17/1 (Nisan 2025), 26-34.
JAMA Güneysu İ, Çınar AD. Acil Servise İntihar Davranışı ile Başvuran Hastaların Klinik ve Sosyodemografik Özelliklerine İlişkin Kesitsel İnceleme. Int J Tokat Med Sci. 2025;17:26–34.
MLA Güneysu, İlker ve Alpin Derya Çınar. “Acil Servise İntihar Davranışı Ile Başvuran Hastaların Klinik Ve Sosyodemografik Özelliklerine İlişkin Kesitsel İnceleme”. International Journal of Tokat Medical Sciences, c. 17, sy. 1, 2025, ss. 26-34.
Vancouver Güneysu İ, Çınar AD. Acil Servise İntihar Davranışı ile Başvuran Hastaların Klinik ve Sosyodemografik Özelliklerine İlişkin Kesitsel İnceleme. Int J Tokat Med Sci. 2025;17(1):26-34.

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