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Carbon Footprint Calculation, Monte Carlo Analysis and Sustainability Strategies of Gerze Vocational School

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 10 Sayı: 4, 328 - 337

Hüseyin Söyler

Öz

This study analyzes the 2024 carbon footprint of Sinop University Gerze Vocational School using IPCC Tier 1 and DEFRA methodologies. Carbon footprint calculations include greenhouse gas emissions from natural gas, electricity consumption, and transportation activities. The findings reveal that natural gas consumption for heating causes the highest emissions, followed by emissions from electricity consumption and transportation. To assess uncertainties, a Monte Carlo simulation with 10,000 iterations was performed. The simulation results showed that the total emission values range between 124,555 kg and 139,163 kg with a 95% confidence interval. The average carbon emission value was calculated as 131,895 kg CO₂. As a result of the analysis, the total carbon emissions of Gerze Vocational School were determined to be 137,404.94 kg. The results highlight the importance of increasing energy efficiency, promoting the use of renewable energy, and adopting sustainable transportation solutions. This study serves as a valuable guide for educational institutions aiming to achieve carbon neutrality.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Carbon Footprint Greenhouse Gas Emission Carbon Neutrality Environmental Sustainability Monte Carlo Simulation.

Kaynakça

  • Adamo, N., Al-Ansari, N., & Sissakian, V.K. (2021). Review of Climate Change Impacts on Human Environment: Past, Present and Future Projections. Engineering. https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:244741167
  • Akpan, U., & Akpan, G. E. (2012). The Contribution of Energy Consumption to Climate Change: A Feasible Policy Direction. International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, 2, 21-33. https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:129681378
  • Almeida, J., Verbist, B., Achten, W. M. J., Maertens, M., Muys, B., & Muys, B. (2014). Sustainability in Development Cooperation: Preliminary Findings on the Carbon Footprint of Development Aid Organizations. Sustainable Development, 22, 349-359. https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:53349763
  • Bari, S., Iqbal, A., Rahman, M., & Jat, A. (2023). Probabilistic analysis of transport induced emissions in Melbourne city roads. SAE Technical Paper. DOI: 10.4271/2023- 01-0890
  • Başoğul, Y. (2018). Akademisyen ve İdari Personelin Ekolojik ve Karbon Ayak İzinin Belirlenmesi: Adıyaman Üniversitesi Mühendislik Fakültesi Örneği. Mühendislik Bilimleri ve Tasarım Dergisi, 6(3), 464- 70. DOI: 10.21923/jesd.427682
  • Belli, A., & Çelik, E.Z. (2022). Sürdürülebilir çevre örneği: Türkiye’de yavaş şehirler (Cittaslow). Birey ve Toplum Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 12(1), 63-89. DOI: 10.20493/birtop.1082260
  • Binboğa, G., & Ünal, A. (2018). Sürdürülebilirlik Ekseninde Manisa Celal Bayar Üniversitesi’nin Karbon Ayak İzinin Hesaplanmasına Yönelik Bir Araştırma. Uluslararası İktisadi ve İdari İncelemeler Dergisi, 21, 187-202. DOI: 10.18092/ulikidince.323532
  • Brodziński, Z., & Kurowska, K. (2021). Cittaslow Idea as a New Proposition to Stimulate Sustainable Local Development. Sustainability, 13(9). DOI: 10.3390/su13095039
  • Bui, H.T.M., Bui, T., & Pham, B.T. (2024). The Role of Higher Education in Achieving Sustainable Development Goals: An Evaluation of Motivation and Capacity of Vietnamese Institutions. The International Journal of Management Education, 22(3), 101088. DOI: 10.1016/J.IJME.2024.101088
  • CittaSlow. (2025). CittaSlow. https://www.cittaslow.org/citta- slow. (26 Mart 2027)
  • Cowie, A., Eckard, R., & Eady, S. (2012). Greenhouse Gas Accounting for Inventory, Emissions Trading and Life Cycle Assessment in the Land-Based Sector: A Review. Crop and Pasture Science, 63(3), 284. DOI: 10.1071/CP11188
  • EİGM Raporları. (2023). EİGM Raporları - T.C. Enerji ve Tabii Kaynaklar Bakanlığı. https://enerji.gov.tr/eigm- raporlari. (26 Mart 2027)
  • Greenhouse Gas Reporting. (2020). Greenhouse Gas Reporting: Conversion Factors 2020 - GOV.UK. https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/greenho use-gas-reporting-conversion-factors-2020. (26 Mart 2027).
  • Gupta, A.K. (2014). Monte Carlo Simulations. Pp. 69-80 in Numerical Methods using MATLAB. Berkeley, CA: Apress.
  • Heijungs, R. (2020). On the Number of Monte Carlo Runs in Comparative Probabilistic LCA. The International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment, 25(2), 394-402. DOI: 10.1007/s11367-019-01698-4
  • Henriksson, P.J.G., Heijungs, R., Dao, H.M., Phan, L.T., de Snoo, G.R., & Guinée, J.B. (2015). Product Carbon Footprints and Their Uncertainties in Comparative Decision Contexts. PLOS ONE 10(3), e0121221. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0121221
  • Herth, A., & Blok, K. (2023). Quantifying Universities’ Direct and Indirect Carbon Emissions – the Case of Delft University of Technology. International Journal of Sustainability in Higher Education 24(9), 21-52. DOI: 10.1108/IJSHE-04-2022-0121
  • IPCC. (2006). IPCC Guidelines for NationalGreenhouse Gas Inventories. General Guidanceand Reporting. https://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/public/2006gl/ (26 Mart 2027).
  • IPCC. (2014). AR5 Climate Change 2014: Mitigation of Climate Change - IPCC. https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar5/wg3/ (26 Mart 2027).
  • Ivanova, S., Zhidkova, E., & Prosekov, A. (2023). Limiting the Carbon Footprint of an Enterprise: Calculation Methods and Solutions. Qubahan Academic Journal. https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:264955032
  • Janssens-Maenhout, G., Crippa, M., Guizzardi, D., Muntean, M., Schaaf, E., Dentener, F., Bergamaschi, P., Pagliari, V., Olivier, J. G. J., Peters, J. A. H. W., van Aardenne, J. A., Monni, S., Doering, U., Petrescu, A. M. R., Solazzo, E., & Oreggioni, G. D. (2019). EDGAR v4.3.2 Global Atlas of the Three Major Greenhouse Gas Emissions for the Period 1970-2012.
  • Kaiser, N., & Barstow, C.K. (2022). Rural Transportation Infrastructure in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Review of Impacts, Implications, and Interventions. Sustainability, 14(4), 2149. DOI: 10.3390/su14042149
  • Karaoğlu, A. (2024). Yapay Zeka İle Çevre Koruma: Orman Yangınları, Sel ve Afet Yönetimi. In Sürdürülebilir Gelecek İçin Çevre, Enerji ve Yapay Zeka: Küresel Çözümler ve Stratejiler (1st ed., p. 162). Efe Akademik Yayıncılık. DOI: 10.59617/efepub2024180
  • Kiehle, J., Kopsakangas-Savolainen, M., Hilli, M., & Pongrácz, E. (2022). Carbon footprint at institutions of higher education: The case of the University of Oulu. Journal of Environmental Management, 329, 117056. https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:254956396
  • Kim, K.-D., Ko, H.-K., Lee, T.-J., & Kim, D.-S. (2011). Comparison of Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Road Transportation of Local Government by Calculation Methods. Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment, 27, 405-415.
  • Kostić, S., Vasović, N., & Marinković, B. (2017). Robust Optimization of Concrete Strength Estimation Using Response Surface Methodology and Monte Carlo Simulation. Engineering Optimization 49(5), 864-77. DOI: 10.1080/0305215X.2016.1211432
  • Kumaş, K., Akyüz, A., & Güngör, A. (2019). Burdur Mehmet Akif Ersoy Üniversitesi Bucak Yerleşkesi Yükseköğretim Birimlerinin Karbon Ayak İzi Tespiti. Ömer Halisdemir Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi, 8(2), 1277-1291. DOI: 10.28948/ngumuh.598212
  • Le, T.-T., Pham, B.T., Le, V.M., Ly, H.-B., & Le, L.M. (2020). A Robustness Analysis of Different Nonlinear Autoregressive Networks Using Monte Carlo Simulations for Predicting High Fluctuation Rainfall. Pp. 205-12.
  • Leal Filho, W., Vargas, V.R., Salvia, A.L., Brandli, L.L., Pallant, E., Klavins, M., Ray, S., Moggi, S., Maruna, M., Conticelli, E., Ayanore, M.A., Radovic, V., Gupta, B., Sen, S., Paço, A., Michalopoulou, E.,Saikim, F.H., Koh, H.L., Frankenberger, F., Kanchanamukda, W., Cunha, D.A., Akib, N.A.M., Clarke, A., Wall, T., & Vaccari, M. (2019). The role of higher education ınstitutions in sustainability ınitiatives at the local level. Journal of Cleaner Production, 233, 1004-15. DOI: 10.1016/J.JCLEPRO.2019.06.059.
  • Lokupitiya, E., & Paustian, K. (2006). Agricultural Soil Greenhouse Gas Emissions: A Review of National Inventory Methods. Journal of Environmental Quality, 35(4), 1413-27.
  • Loyarte-López, E., Barral, M., & Morla, J.C. (2020). Methodology for Carbon Footprint Calculation Towards Sustainable Innovation in Intangible Assets. Sustainability, 12, 1-14. https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:213049311
  • Nda, M., bin Adnan, M.S., Ahmad, K.A., Usman, N., Razi, M.A.M., & Daud, Z. (2018). A Review on the Causes, Effects and Mitigation of Climate Changes on the Environmental Aspects. International Journal of Integrated Engineering. https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:134840491
  • Oestreich, L., Neuenfeldt Júnior, Á., & Ruiz-Padillo, A. (2024). Guidelines to Promote Sustainable Transport in Higher Education Universities: A Bibliometric and Systematic Review. International Journal of Sustainability in Higher Education, 25(8), 1912-28. DOI: 10.1108/IJSHE-07-2023-0266
  • Paredes-Canencio, K.N., Lasso, A., Castrillon, R., Vidal- Medina, J.R., & Quispe, E.C. (2024). Carbon Footprint of Higher Education Institutions. Environment, Development and Sustainability, 26(12), 30239-72. DOI: 10.1007/s10668-024-04596-4
  • Peter, C., Fiore, A., Hagemann, U., Nendel, C., & Xiloyannis, C. (2016). Improving the Accounting of Field Emissions in the Carbon Footprint of Agricultural Products: A Comparison of Default IPCC Methods with Readily Available Medium-Effort Modeling Approaches. The International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment, 21(6), 791-805. DOI: 10.1007/s11367- 016-1056-2
  • Ridhosari, B., & Rahman, A. (2020). Carbon Footprint Assessment at Universitas Pertamina from the Scope of Electricity, Transportation, and Waste Generation: Toward a Green Campus and Promotion of Environmental Sustainability. Journal of Cleaner Production, 246, 119172. DOI: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.119172
  • Setiawan, E.A., & Asvial, M. (2016). Renewable Energy’s Role in a Changing World. International Journal of Technology, 7, 1280. https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:113770202
  • Şevik, S.E.Y., & Şahin, A.D. (2024). Quantifying Sectoral Carbon Footprints in Türkiye’s Largest Metropolitan Cities: A Monte Carlo Simulation Approach. Sustainability. https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:267985901
  • Shabir, I., Dash, K.K., Dar, A.H., Pandey, V.K., Fayaz, U., & Shivangi Srivastava, R, N. (2023). Carbon footprints evaluation for sustainable food processing system development: A comprehensive review. Future Foods. https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:256588026
  • Shivanna, K.R. (2022). Climate change and its impact on biodiversity and human welfare. Proceedings of the Indian National Science Academy. Part A, Physical Sciences, 88, 160-171. https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:248502423 Soeder, D.J. (2021). Greenhouse gas sources and mitigation strategies from a geosciences perspective. Advances in Geo-Energy Research. https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:237686474
  • Sreng, R., & Yiğit, M.G. (2017). Sakarya Üniversitesi Esentepe Kampüsü 2015 Yılı Karbon Ayakizi Çalışması. SAÜ Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi. 21(5), 1095-1099. DOI: 10.16984/saufenbilder.340009
  • Tandon, S.K., & Mallik, J. (2018). Links between Energy Usage and Climate: Implications on Increasing CO 2 Emissions and Carbon Capture and Storage. Current Science, 114, 1430-1437. https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:90928205 United Nations. (2015). Transforming Our World: The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development United Nations United Nations Transforming Our World: The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. United Nations.
  • Valls-Val, K., & Bovea, M.D. (2021). Carbon Footprınt Assessment Tool For Unıversıtıes: CO2UNV. Sustainable Production and Consumption. https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:244445730
  • Wilting, H.C. (2012). Sensitivity And Uncertainty Analysis In Mrio Modelling; Some Empirical Results Wıth Regard To The Dutch Carbon Footprint. Economic Systems Research, 24(2), 141-71. DOI: 10.1080/09535314.2011.628302
  • Wright, L.A., Coello, J., Kemp, S., & Williams, I.D. (2011). Carbon footprinting for climate change management in cities. Carbon Management, 2, 49-60. https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:153546752

Gerze Meslek Yüksekokulu’nun Karbon Ayak İzi Hesaplaması, Monte Carlo Analizi ve Sürdürülebilirlik Stratejileri

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 10 Sayı: 4, 328 - 337

Hüseyin Söyler

Öz

Bu çalışma, Sinop Üniversitesi Gerze Mes+lek Yüksekokulu’nun 2024 yılı karbon ayak izini IPCC Tier 1 ve DEFRA yöntemleri kullanarak analiz etmektedir. Hesaplamalarda doğalgaz, elektrik tüketimi ve ulaşım faaliyetlerinden kaynaklanan sera gazı emisyonları değerlendirilmiştir. Bulgular, ısıtma için kullanılan doğalgazın en yüksek emisyona neden olduğunu, ardından elektrik tüketimi ve ulaşım kaynaklı emisyonların geldiğini göstermiştir. Emisyon hesaplamalarında belirsizlikleri değerlendirmek amacıyla 10.000 iterasyon üzerinden Monte Carlo simülasyonu gerçekleştirilmiştir. Simülasyon sonuçları, toplam emisyon değerinin %95 güven aralığında 124.555 kg ile 139.163 kg arasında değiştiğini ortaya koymuştur. Ortalama karbon emisyon değeri ise 131.895 kg CO₂ olarak hesaplanmıştır. Çalışmanın sonucunda, Gerze MYO’nun toplam karbon emisyonu 137.404,94 kg olarak belirlenmiştir. Bulgular, enerji verimliliğini artırma, yenilenebilir enerji kullanımını teşvik etme ve yeşil ulaşım çözümlerine yönelmenin önemini vurgulamaktadır. Bu çalışma, eğitim kurumları için karbon nötrlüğüne ulaşmada yol gösterici bir rehber niteliğindedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Karbon Ayak İzi Sera Gazı Emisyonu Karbon Nötrlüğü Çevresel Sürdürülebilirlik Monte Carlo Simülasyonu.

Teşekkür

Sinop Üniversitesi Gerze Meslek Yüksekokulu Müdürlüğüne çalışmam için gerekli verileri verdiği için teşekkürlerimi sunarım.

Kaynakça

  • Adamo, N., Al-Ansari, N., & Sissakian, V.K. (2021). Review of Climate Change Impacts on Human Environment: Past, Present and Future Projections. Engineering. https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:244741167
  • Akpan, U., & Akpan, G. E. (2012). The Contribution of Energy Consumption to Climate Change: A Feasible Policy Direction. International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, 2, 21-33. https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:129681378
  • Almeida, J., Verbist, B., Achten, W. M. J., Maertens, M., Muys, B., & Muys, B. (2014). Sustainability in Development Cooperation: Preliminary Findings on the Carbon Footprint of Development Aid Organizations. Sustainable Development, 22, 349-359. https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:53349763
  • Bari, S., Iqbal, A., Rahman, M., & Jat, A. (2023). Probabilistic analysis of transport induced emissions in Melbourne city roads. SAE Technical Paper. DOI: 10.4271/2023- 01-0890
  • Başoğul, Y. (2018). Akademisyen ve İdari Personelin Ekolojik ve Karbon Ayak İzinin Belirlenmesi: Adıyaman Üniversitesi Mühendislik Fakültesi Örneği. Mühendislik Bilimleri ve Tasarım Dergisi, 6(3), 464- 70. DOI: 10.21923/jesd.427682
  • Belli, A., & Çelik, E.Z. (2022). Sürdürülebilir çevre örneği: Türkiye’de yavaş şehirler (Cittaslow). Birey ve Toplum Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 12(1), 63-89. DOI: 10.20493/birtop.1082260
  • Binboğa, G., & Ünal, A. (2018). Sürdürülebilirlik Ekseninde Manisa Celal Bayar Üniversitesi’nin Karbon Ayak İzinin Hesaplanmasına Yönelik Bir Araştırma. Uluslararası İktisadi ve İdari İncelemeler Dergisi, 21, 187-202. DOI: 10.18092/ulikidince.323532
  • Brodziński, Z., & Kurowska, K. (2021). Cittaslow Idea as a New Proposition to Stimulate Sustainable Local Development. Sustainability, 13(9). DOI: 10.3390/su13095039
  • Bui, H.T.M., Bui, T., & Pham, B.T. (2024). The Role of Higher Education in Achieving Sustainable Development Goals: An Evaluation of Motivation and Capacity of Vietnamese Institutions. The International Journal of Management Education, 22(3), 101088. DOI: 10.1016/J.IJME.2024.101088
  • CittaSlow. (2025). CittaSlow. https://www.cittaslow.org/citta- slow. (26 Mart 2027)
  • Cowie, A., Eckard, R., & Eady, S. (2012). Greenhouse Gas Accounting for Inventory, Emissions Trading and Life Cycle Assessment in the Land-Based Sector: A Review. Crop and Pasture Science, 63(3), 284. DOI: 10.1071/CP11188
  • EİGM Raporları. (2023). EİGM Raporları - T.C. Enerji ve Tabii Kaynaklar Bakanlığı. https://enerji.gov.tr/eigm- raporlari. (26 Mart 2027)
  • Greenhouse Gas Reporting. (2020). Greenhouse Gas Reporting: Conversion Factors 2020 - GOV.UK. https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/greenho use-gas-reporting-conversion-factors-2020. (26 Mart 2027).
  • Gupta, A.K. (2014). Monte Carlo Simulations. Pp. 69-80 in Numerical Methods using MATLAB. Berkeley, CA: Apress.
  • Heijungs, R. (2020). On the Number of Monte Carlo Runs in Comparative Probabilistic LCA. The International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment, 25(2), 394-402. DOI: 10.1007/s11367-019-01698-4
  • Henriksson, P.J.G., Heijungs, R., Dao, H.M., Phan, L.T., de Snoo, G.R., & Guinée, J.B. (2015). Product Carbon Footprints and Their Uncertainties in Comparative Decision Contexts. PLOS ONE 10(3), e0121221. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0121221
  • Herth, A., & Blok, K. (2023). Quantifying Universities’ Direct and Indirect Carbon Emissions – the Case of Delft University of Technology. International Journal of Sustainability in Higher Education 24(9), 21-52. DOI: 10.1108/IJSHE-04-2022-0121
  • IPCC. (2006). IPCC Guidelines for NationalGreenhouse Gas Inventories. General Guidanceand Reporting. https://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/public/2006gl/ (26 Mart 2027).
  • IPCC. (2014). AR5 Climate Change 2014: Mitigation of Climate Change - IPCC. https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar5/wg3/ (26 Mart 2027).
  • Ivanova, S., Zhidkova, E., & Prosekov, A. (2023). Limiting the Carbon Footprint of an Enterprise: Calculation Methods and Solutions. Qubahan Academic Journal. https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:264955032
  • Janssens-Maenhout, G., Crippa, M., Guizzardi, D., Muntean, M., Schaaf, E., Dentener, F., Bergamaschi, P., Pagliari, V., Olivier, J. G. J., Peters, J. A. H. W., van Aardenne, J. A., Monni, S., Doering, U., Petrescu, A. M. R., Solazzo, E., & Oreggioni, G. D. (2019). EDGAR v4.3.2 Global Atlas of the Three Major Greenhouse Gas Emissions for the Period 1970-2012.
  • Kaiser, N., & Barstow, C.K. (2022). Rural Transportation Infrastructure in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Review of Impacts, Implications, and Interventions. Sustainability, 14(4), 2149. DOI: 10.3390/su14042149
  • Karaoğlu, A. (2024). Yapay Zeka İle Çevre Koruma: Orman Yangınları, Sel ve Afet Yönetimi. In Sürdürülebilir Gelecek İçin Çevre, Enerji ve Yapay Zeka: Küresel Çözümler ve Stratejiler (1st ed., p. 162). Efe Akademik Yayıncılık. DOI: 10.59617/efepub2024180
  • Kiehle, J., Kopsakangas-Savolainen, M., Hilli, M., & Pongrácz, E. (2022). Carbon footprint at institutions of higher education: The case of the University of Oulu. Journal of Environmental Management, 329, 117056. https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:254956396
  • Kim, K.-D., Ko, H.-K., Lee, T.-J., & Kim, D.-S. (2011). Comparison of Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Road Transportation of Local Government by Calculation Methods. Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment, 27, 405-415.
  • Kostić, S., Vasović, N., & Marinković, B. (2017). Robust Optimization of Concrete Strength Estimation Using Response Surface Methodology and Monte Carlo Simulation. Engineering Optimization 49(5), 864-77. DOI: 10.1080/0305215X.2016.1211432
  • Kumaş, K., Akyüz, A., & Güngör, A. (2019). Burdur Mehmet Akif Ersoy Üniversitesi Bucak Yerleşkesi Yükseköğretim Birimlerinin Karbon Ayak İzi Tespiti. Ömer Halisdemir Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi, 8(2), 1277-1291. DOI: 10.28948/ngumuh.598212
  • Le, T.-T., Pham, B.T., Le, V.M., Ly, H.-B., & Le, L.M. (2020). A Robustness Analysis of Different Nonlinear Autoregressive Networks Using Monte Carlo Simulations for Predicting High Fluctuation Rainfall. Pp. 205-12.
  • Leal Filho, W., Vargas, V.R., Salvia, A.L., Brandli, L.L., Pallant, E., Klavins, M., Ray, S., Moggi, S., Maruna, M., Conticelli, E., Ayanore, M.A., Radovic, V., Gupta, B., Sen, S., Paço, A., Michalopoulou, E.,Saikim, F.H., Koh, H.L., Frankenberger, F., Kanchanamukda, W., Cunha, D.A., Akib, N.A.M., Clarke, A., Wall, T., & Vaccari, M. (2019). The role of higher education ınstitutions in sustainability ınitiatives at the local level. Journal of Cleaner Production, 233, 1004-15. DOI: 10.1016/J.JCLEPRO.2019.06.059.
  • Lokupitiya, E., & Paustian, K. (2006). Agricultural Soil Greenhouse Gas Emissions: A Review of National Inventory Methods. Journal of Environmental Quality, 35(4), 1413-27.
  • Loyarte-López, E., Barral, M., & Morla, J.C. (2020). Methodology for Carbon Footprint Calculation Towards Sustainable Innovation in Intangible Assets. Sustainability, 12, 1-14. https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:213049311
  • Nda, M., bin Adnan, M.S., Ahmad, K.A., Usman, N., Razi, M.A.M., & Daud, Z. (2018). A Review on the Causes, Effects and Mitigation of Climate Changes on the Environmental Aspects. International Journal of Integrated Engineering. https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:134840491
  • Oestreich, L., Neuenfeldt Júnior, Á., & Ruiz-Padillo, A. (2024). Guidelines to Promote Sustainable Transport in Higher Education Universities: A Bibliometric and Systematic Review. International Journal of Sustainability in Higher Education, 25(8), 1912-28. DOI: 10.1108/IJSHE-07-2023-0266
  • Paredes-Canencio, K.N., Lasso, A., Castrillon, R., Vidal- Medina, J.R., & Quispe, E.C. (2024). Carbon Footprint of Higher Education Institutions. Environment, Development and Sustainability, 26(12), 30239-72. DOI: 10.1007/s10668-024-04596-4
  • Peter, C., Fiore, A., Hagemann, U., Nendel, C., & Xiloyannis, C. (2016). Improving the Accounting of Field Emissions in the Carbon Footprint of Agricultural Products: A Comparison of Default IPCC Methods with Readily Available Medium-Effort Modeling Approaches. The International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment, 21(6), 791-805. DOI: 10.1007/s11367- 016-1056-2
  • Ridhosari, B., & Rahman, A. (2020). Carbon Footprint Assessment at Universitas Pertamina from the Scope of Electricity, Transportation, and Waste Generation: Toward a Green Campus and Promotion of Environmental Sustainability. Journal of Cleaner Production, 246, 119172. DOI: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.119172
  • Setiawan, E.A., & Asvial, M. (2016). Renewable Energy’s Role in a Changing World. International Journal of Technology, 7, 1280. https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:113770202
  • Şevik, S.E.Y., & Şahin, A.D. (2024). Quantifying Sectoral Carbon Footprints in Türkiye’s Largest Metropolitan Cities: A Monte Carlo Simulation Approach. Sustainability. https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:267985901
  • Shabir, I., Dash, K.K., Dar, A.H., Pandey, V.K., Fayaz, U., & Shivangi Srivastava, R, N. (2023). Carbon footprints evaluation for sustainable food processing system development: A comprehensive review. Future Foods. https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:256588026
  • Shivanna, K.R. (2022). Climate change and its impact on biodiversity and human welfare. Proceedings of the Indian National Science Academy. Part A, Physical Sciences, 88, 160-171. https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:248502423 Soeder, D.J. (2021). Greenhouse gas sources and mitigation strategies from a geosciences perspective. Advances in Geo-Energy Research. https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:237686474
  • Sreng, R., & Yiğit, M.G. (2017). Sakarya Üniversitesi Esentepe Kampüsü 2015 Yılı Karbon Ayakizi Çalışması. SAÜ Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi. 21(5), 1095-1099. DOI: 10.16984/saufenbilder.340009
  • Tandon, S.K., & Mallik, J. (2018). Links between Energy Usage and Climate: Implications on Increasing CO 2 Emissions and Carbon Capture and Storage. Current Science, 114, 1430-1437. https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:90928205 United Nations. (2015). Transforming Our World: The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development United Nations United Nations Transforming Our World: The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. United Nations.
  • Valls-Val, K., & Bovea, M.D. (2021). Carbon Footprınt Assessment Tool For Unıversıtıes: CO2UNV. Sustainable Production and Consumption. https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:244445730
  • Wilting, H.C. (2012). Sensitivity And Uncertainty Analysis In Mrio Modelling; Some Empirical Results Wıth Regard To The Dutch Carbon Footprint. Economic Systems Research, 24(2), 141-71. DOI: 10.1080/09535314.2011.628302
  • Wright, L.A., Coello, J., Kemp, S., & Williams, I.D. (2011). Carbon footprinting for climate change management in cities. Carbon Management, 2, 49-60. https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:153546752
Toplam 45 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Kirlilik ve Kontaminasyon (Diğer)
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Hüseyin Söyler 0000-0002-1216-7049

Erken Görünüm Tarihi 15 Temmuz 2025
Yayımlanma Tarihi
Gönderilme Tarihi 31 Ocak 2025
Kabul Tarihi 18 Mayıs 2025
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2025 Cilt: 10 Sayı: 4

Kaynak Göster

APA Söyler, H. (2025). Gerze Meslek Yüksekokulu’nun Karbon Ayak İzi Hesaplaması, Monte Carlo Analizi ve Sürdürülebilirlik Stratejileri. Journal of Anatolian Environmental and Animal Sciences, 10(4), 328-337.
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