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DEMOGRAPHIC PROFILES OF E-COMMERCE USERS: A REGIONAL AND GLOBAL PERSPECTIVE ON DIYARBAKIR, TURKIYE

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 14 Sayı: 1, 1 - 14, 30.07.2025

Salahattin Altundağ

Öz

Purpose- e-Commerce has become a cornerstone of economic activity in the digital age. While demographic influences on e-commerce behavior have been widely studied globally, their manifestation in developing regions remains underexplored. This study examines the impact of demographic variables, particularly age and gender, on e-commerce participation in Diyarbakir to highlight the region-specific challenges and opportunities in digital consumer behavior.
Methodology- A cross-sectional quantitative approach was employed, surveying 675 participants in Diyarbakir. The sample size was determined using Cochran’s (1952) formula to ensure representativeness. Non-parametric statistical analyses, including the Chi-Square (χ²) test and Cramér’s V effect size, were utilized. The study’s reliability was supported by a 100% response rate and a Cronbach’s Alpha of 0.91. Ethical compliance was ensured through informed consent and data confidentiality measures.
Findings- The gender distribution of e-commerce users aligns with national trends, yet age-based differences are pronounced. Individuals aged 18–24 exhibit high engagement, whereas those 45 and older demonstrate limited participation due to the digital divide. Additionally, cultural norms and regional economic conditions significantly influence online shopping behavior. These findings highlight the need for localized digital inclusion strategies to bridge demographic disparities in e-commerce participation.
Conclusion- This study underscores the role of demographic factors in shaping regional e-commerce behavior. While younger consumers are active digital shoppers, older demographics face barriers related to digital literacy and access. Practical recommendations are provided for policymakers, businesses, and digital marketers to enhance e-commerce adoption in developing regions. Future research should examine additional socioeconomic factors and adopt longitudinal methods to assess the long-term impact of digital transformation on consumer demographics.

Anahtar Kelimeler

e-Commerce demographic factors digital divide age and gender analysis regional e-commerce usage

Kaynakça

  • Arslan Dinç, E., & Karabıyık, M. S. (2023). İnternet alışverişlerinin kompulsif satın alma davranışına etkisi: nicel bir araştırma [the impact of online shopping on compulsive buying behavior: a quantitative study]. Yalova Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi [Yalova Journal of Social Sciences], 13(1), 52–72. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/2591843
  • Belk, R. W. (1988). Possessions and the extended self. Journal of Consumer Research, 15(2), 139–168. https://doi.org/10.1086/209154
  • Bryman, A. (2016). Social research methods (5th ed.). Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-968945-3. Retrieved from https://ktpu.kpi.ua/wp-content/uploads/2014/02/social-research-methods-alan-bryman.pdf
  • Cochran, W. G. (1952). The chi-square test of goodness of fit. The Annals of Mathematical Statistics, 23(3), 315–345. https://doi.org/10.1214/aoms/1177729380
  • Cohen, J. (1988). Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences (2nd ed.). Routledge. https://www.utstat.toronto.edu/brunner/oldclass/378f16/readings/CohenPower.pdf
  • Creswell, J. W., & Plano Clark, V. L. (2018). Designing and conducting mixed methods research (3rd ed.). SAGE. ISBN-13: 978-1483344379. https://books.google.com.tr/books?id=eTwmDwAAQBAJ&printsec=frontcover&hl=tr&source=gbs_ge_summary_r&cad=0#v=onepage&q&f=false
  • Featherstone, M. (1991). Consumer culture and postmodernism. SAGE. ISBN-13: 978-1412910149. https://books.google.com.tr/books?id=E95eQQZYB58C&pg=PR3&hl=tr&source=gbs_selected_pages&cad=1#v=onepage&q&f=false
  • Field, A. (2018). Discovering statistics using IBM SPSS statistics (5th ed.). SAGE. http://repo.darmajaya.ac.id/5678/1/Discovering%20Statistics%20Using%20IBM%20SPSS%20Statistics%20%28%20PDFDrive%20%29.pdf
  • Gillwald, A., & Partridge, A. (2022a). Gendered nature of digital inequality: Evidence for policy considerations. Background paper presented at the UN Women Expert Group Meeting: Innovation and technological change, and education in the digital age for achieving gender equality and the empowerment of all women and girls (10–13 October 2022). UN Women. Retrieved from https://www.unwomen.org/sites/default/files/2022-12/BP.1_Alison%20Gillwald.pdf
  • Grewal, D., Roggeveen, A. L., & Nordfält, J. (2017a). Shopper marketing and the role of the in-store environment: Converting browsers into buyers. Journal of Advertising Research, 57(1), 78–89. https://doi.org/10.2501/JAR-2017-001
  • Grewal, D., Roggeveen, A. L., & Nordfält, J. (2017b). The effect of store layout on consumer behavior. Journal of Retailing, 93(1), 1–26. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretai.2016.12.005
  • Grewal, D., Roggeveen, A. L., & Nordfält, J. (2017c). The future of retailing. Journal of Retailing, 93(1), 1–6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretai.2016.12.008
  • Güler Binkanat, G., & Duygun, A. (2020). İnternetten Alışveriş Yapan Tüketicilerin Karar Verme Tarzlarının Satın Alma Tercihleri Üzerine Etkisi [The Impact of Consumers’ Decision-Making Styles On Purchasing Preferences In Online Shopping]. Beykoz Akademi Dergisi [Beykoz Academy Journal], 8(2), 312–327. https://doi.org/10.14514/byk.m.26515393.2020.8/2.312-327
  • Hall, S. (Ed.). (1997). Representation: Cultural representations and signifying practices. SAGE. ISBN-13: 978-1849205634. https://fotografiaeteoria.wordpress.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/05/the_work_of_representation__stuart_hall.pdf
  • Hizmetix. (2024, August 27). Türkiye’de İnternet Kullanımı ve e-Ticaret Oranları [Internet Usage and e-Commerce Rates in Türkiye]. Hizmetix. https://hizmetix.com.tr/turkiyede-internet-kullanimi-ve-e-ticaret-oranlari/
  • Hox, J. J., Moerbeek, M., & van de Schoot, R. (2010). Multilevel analysis: Techniques and applications (2nd ed.). Routledge. ISBN-13: 978-1848728462. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203852279. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Joop-Hox/publication/4791255_Robustness_Issues_in_Multilevel_Regression_Analysis/links/02e7e52f11389b14f8000000/Robustness-Issues-in-Multilevel-Regression-Analysis.pdf
  • International Telecommunication Union (ITU). (2022). Measuring digital development: Facts and figures 2022. ITU Publications. Retrieved from https://www.itu.int/en/ITU-D/Statistics/Documents/facts/FactsFigures2021.pdf
  • Kotler, P., & Armstrong, G. (2017). Principles of marketing (17th ed.). Pearson Education. ISBN-13: 978-1292341132, 978-0134461434, 978-1292220178. Retrieved from https://opac.atmaluhur.ac.id/uploaded_files/temporary/DigitalCollection/ODljY2E4ODIyODViZjFkODgzNDUxYWZlNWFhZmY2MGE5MDc0ZDVmYw==.pdf
  • Kotler, P., & Keller, K. L. (2016). Marketing management (15th ed.). Pearson. ISBN-13: 978-0133856460, 978-0134058498, 978-0133876802.
  • Matonline. (n.d.). TÜİK Araştırması: Türkiye’de e-Ticaret Verileri [TÜİK study: e-Commerce data in Türkiye]. Matonline. Retrieved January 22, 2025, from https://www.matonline.com.tr/post/t%C3%BCi-k-ara%C5%9Ft%C4%B1rmas%C4%B1-t%C3%BCrkiye-de-e-ticaret-verileri
  • Norris, P. (2001). Digital divide: Civic engagement, information poverty, and the Internet worldwide. Cambridge University Press. ISBN-13: 9781139164887. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139164887
  • Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). (2023). SIGI 2023 Global Report: Gender equality in times of crisis. OECD Publishing. ISBN-13: 978-92-64-71782-4 (Print), 978-92-64-82406-5 (PDF). https://doi.org/10.1787/4607b7c7-en. Retrieved from https://www.oecd.org/content/dam/oecd/en/publications/reports/2023/07/sigi-2023-global-report_a65d7f7f/4607b7c7-en.pdf
  • Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). (2023). OECD SME and Entrepreneurship Outlook 2023. OECD Publishing. ISBN-13: 978-92-64-85147-4 (Print), 978-92-64-89576-8 (PDF), 978-92-64-86345-3 (HTML), 978-92-64-97529-3 (ePub). ISSN: 2959-9490 (Print), 2959-9504 (Online). https://doi.org/10.1787/342b8564-en. Retrieved from https://www.oecd.org/content/dam/oecd/en/publications/reports/2023/06/oecd-sme-and-entrepreneurship-outlook-2023_c5ac21d0/342b8564-en.pdf
  • Personal Data Protection Law [KVKK]. (2023). Law No. 6698 on the Protection of Personal Data. https://www.kvkk.gov.tr/
  • Prensky, M. (2001). Digital natives, digital immigrants. On the Horizon, 9(5), 1–6. ISSN: 1074-8121. https://doi.org/10.1108/10748120110424816. Retrieved from https://www.marcprensky.com/writing/Prensky%20-%20Digital%20Natives,%20Digital%20Immigrants%20-%20Part1.pdf
  • PwC. (2020). Global consumer insights survey 2020. PwC. Retrieved from https://www.pwc.com/gx/en/consumer-markets/consumer-insights-survey/2020/pwc-consumer-insights-survey-2020.pdf
  • Republic of Türkiye Ministry of Trade. (2024a). 2023 Annual Activity Report of the Ministry of Trade. https://ticaret.gov.tr/data/65e1730213b8768d8422d054/Ticaret%20Bakanlığı%202023%20Yılı%20Faaliyet%20Raporu.pdf
  • Republic of Türkiye Ministry of Trade. (2024b). e-Commerce Outlook Report in Türkiye Published. https://www.eticaret.gov.tr/haberler/10096/detay/
  • Statista. (2024a). Distribution of internet users worldwide as of February 2024, by age group. Retrieved from https://www.statista.com/statistics/272365/age-distribution-of-internet-users-worldwide
  • Statista. (2024b). e-Commerce worldwide - statistics & facts. Retrieved from https://www.statista.com/topics/871/online-shopping/
  • Taherdoost, H. (2016). Sampling methods in research methodology: How to choose a sampling technique for research. International Journal of Academic Research in Management (IJARM), 5(2), 18–27. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3205035
  • TSoft Blog. (2023). The best-selling e-commerce products in Türkiye in 2023. Retrieved from https://www.tsoft.com.tr/blog/2023-de-turkiyede-en-cok-satilan-e-ticaret-urunleri
  • Turkish Statistical Institute (TÜİK). (2024a). Address-Based Population Registration System Results, 2023 (No: 49684). https://data.tuik.gov.tr/Bulten/Index?p=Adrese-Dayali-Nufus-Kayit-Sistemi-Sonuclari-2023-49684
  • Turkish Statistical Institute (TÜİK). (2024b). Household Information and Communication Technology (ICT) Usage Survey, 2024 (No: 53492). https://data.tuik.gov.tr/Bulten/Index?p=Hanehalki-Bilisim-Teknolojileri-%28BT%29-Kullanim-Arastirmasi-2024-53492
  • UN Women. (2022b). Accelerating efforts to tackle online and technology-facilitated violence against women and girls (VAWG). Retrieved from https://www.unwomen.org/sites/default/files/2022-10/Accelerating-efforts-to-tackle-online-and-technology-facilitated-violence-against-women-and-girls-en_0.pdf
  • United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD). (2023). Digital economy report 2023: Cross-border data flows and development. UNCTAD. Retrieved from https://unctad.org/system/files/official-document/dtlecdc2023d1_en.pdf
  • Van Deursen, A. J. A. M., & Van Dijk, J. A. G. M. (2019). The first-level digital divide shifts from inequalities in physical access to inequalities in material access. New Media & Society, 21(2), 354–375. https://doi.org/10.1177/1461444818797082. Retrieved from https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/1461444818797082
  • Van Dijk, J. A. G. M. (2020). The digital divide. Polity Press. ISBN 978-1509534456. https://doi.org/10.1002/asi.24355
  • Webster, J., & Watson, R. T. (2002). Analyzing the past to prepare for the future: Writing a literature review. MIS Quarterly, 26(2), xiii–xxiii. https://doi.org/10.2307/4132319. Retrieved from https://web.njit.edu/~egan/Writing_A_Literature_Review.pdf
  • World Economic Forum. (2023, June). The global gender gap report 2023. Retrieved from https://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_GGGR_2023.pdf

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 14 Sayı: 1, 1 - 14, 30.07.2025

Salahattin Altundağ

Öz

Kaynakça

  • Arslan Dinç, E., & Karabıyık, M. S. (2023). İnternet alışverişlerinin kompulsif satın alma davranışına etkisi: nicel bir araştırma [the impact of online shopping on compulsive buying behavior: a quantitative study]. Yalova Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi [Yalova Journal of Social Sciences], 13(1), 52–72. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/2591843
  • Belk, R. W. (1988). Possessions and the extended self. Journal of Consumer Research, 15(2), 139–168. https://doi.org/10.1086/209154
  • Bryman, A. (2016). Social research methods (5th ed.). Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-968945-3. Retrieved from https://ktpu.kpi.ua/wp-content/uploads/2014/02/social-research-methods-alan-bryman.pdf
  • Cochran, W. G. (1952). The chi-square test of goodness of fit. The Annals of Mathematical Statistics, 23(3), 315–345. https://doi.org/10.1214/aoms/1177729380
  • Cohen, J. (1988). Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences (2nd ed.). Routledge. https://www.utstat.toronto.edu/brunner/oldclass/378f16/readings/CohenPower.pdf
  • Creswell, J. W., & Plano Clark, V. L. (2018). Designing and conducting mixed methods research (3rd ed.). SAGE. ISBN-13: 978-1483344379. https://books.google.com.tr/books?id=eTwmDwAAQBAJ&printsec=frontcover&hl=tr&source=gbs_ge_summary_r&cad=0#v=onepage&q&f=false
  • Featherstone, M. (1991). Consumer culture and postmodernism. SAGE. ISBN-13: 978-1412910149. https://books.google.com.tr/books?id=E95eQQZYB58C&pg=PR3&hl=tr&source=gbs_selected_pages&cad=1#v=onepage&q&f=false
  • Field, A. (2018). Discovering statistics using IBM SPSS statistics (5th ed.). SAGE. http://repo.darmajaya.ac.id/5678/1/Discovering%20Statistics%20Using%20IBM%20SPSS%20Statistics%20%28%20PDFDrive%20%29.pdf
  • Gillwald, A., & Partridge, A. (2022a). Gendered nature of digital inequality: Evidence for policy considerations. Background paper presented at the UN Women Expert Group Meeting: Innovation and technological change, and education in the digital age for achieving gender equality and the empowerment of all women and girls (10–13 October 2022). UN Women. Retrieved from https://www.unwomen.org/sites/default/files/2022-12/BP.1_Alison%20Gillwald.pdf
  • Grewal, D., Roggeveen, A. L., & Nordfält, J. (2017a). Shopper marketing and the role of the in-store environment: Converting browsers into buyers. Journal of Advertising Research, 57(1), 78–89. https://doi.org/10.2501/JAR-2017-001
  • Grewal, D., Roggeveen, A. L., & Nordfält, J. (2017b). The effect of store layout on consumer behavior. Journal of Retailing, 93(1), 1–26. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretai.2016.12.005
  • Grewal, D., Roggeveen, A. L., & Nordfält, J. (2017c). The future of retailing. Journal of Retailing, 93(1), 1–6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretai.2016.12.008
  • Güler Binkanat, G., & Duygun, A. (2020). İnternetten Alışveriş Yapan Tüketicilerin Karar Verme Tarzlarının Satın Alma Tercihleri Üzerine Etkisi [The Impact of Consumers’ Decision-Making Styles On Purchasing Preferences In Online Shopping]. Beykoz Akademi Dergisi [Beykoz Academy Journal], 8(2), 312–327. https://doi.org/10.14514/byk.m.26515393.2020.8/2.312-327
  • Hall, S. (Ed.). (1997). Representation: Cultural representations and signifying practices. SAGE. ISBN-13: 978-1849205634. https://fotografiaeteoria.wordpress.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/05/the_work_of_representation__stuart_hall.pdf
  • Hizmetix. (2024, August 27). Türkiye’de İnternet Kullanımı ve e-Ticaret Oranları [Internet Usage and e-Commerce Rates in Türkiye]. Hizmetix. https://hizmetix.com.tr/turkiyede-internet-kullanimi-ve-e-ticaret-oranlari/
  • Hox, J. J., Moerbeek, M., & van de Schoot, R. (2010). Multilevel analysis: Techniques and applications (2nd ed.). Routledge. ISBN-13: 978-1848728462. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203852279. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Joop-Hox/publication/4791255_Robustness_Issues_in_Multilevel_Regression_Analysis/links/02e7e52f11389b14f8000000/Robustness-Issues-in-Multilevel-Regression-Analysis.pdf
  • International Telecommunication Union (ITU). (2022). Measuring digital development: Facts and figures 2022. ITU Publications. Retrieved from https://www.itu.int/en/ITU-D/Statistics/Documents/facts/FactsFigures2021.pdf
  • Kotler, P., & Armstrong, G. (2017). Principles of marketing (17th ed.). Pearson Education. ISBN-13: 978-1292341132, 978-0134461434, 978-1292220178. Retrieved from https://opac.atmaluhur.ac.id/uploaded_files/temporary/DigitalCollection/ODljY2E4ODIyODViZjFkODgzNDUxYWZlNWFhZmY2MGE5MDc0ZDVmYw==.pdf
  • Kotler, P., & Keller, K. L. (2016). Marketing management (15th ed.). Pearson. ISBN-13: 978-0133856460, 978-0134058498, 978-0133876802.
  • Matonline. (n.d.). TÜİK Araştırması: Türkiye’de e-Ticaret Verileri [TÜİK study: e-Commerce data in Türkiye]. Matonline. Retrieved January 22, 2025, from https://www.matonline.com.tr/post/t%C3%BCi-k-ara%C5%9Ft%C4%B1rmas%C4%B1-t%C3%BCrkiye-de-e-ticaret-verileri
  • Norris, P. (2001). Digital divide: Civic engagement, information poverty, and the Internet worldwide. Cambridge University Press. ISBN-13: 9781139164887. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139164887
  • Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). (2023). SIGI 2023 Global Report: Gender equality in times of crisis. OECD Publishing. ISBN-13: 978-92-64-71782-4 (Print), 978-92-64-82406-5 (PDF). https://doi.org/10.1787/4607b7c7-en. Retrieved from https://www.oecd.org/content/dam/oecd/en/publications/reports/2023/07/sigi-2023-global-report_a65d7f7f/4607b7c7-en.pdf
  • Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). (2023). OECD SME and Entrepreneurship Outlook 2023. OECD Publishing. ISBN-13: 978-92-64-85147-4 (Print), 978-92-64-89576-8 (PDF), 978-92-64-86345-3 (HTML), 978-92-64-97529-3 (ePub). ISSN: 2959-9490 (Print), 2959-9504 (Online). https://doi.org/10.1787/342b8564-en. Retrieved from https://www.oecd.org/content/dam/oecd/en/publications/reports/2023/06/oecd-sme-and-entrepreneurship-outlook-2023_c5ac21d0/342b8564-en.pdf
  • Personal Data Protection Law [KVKK]. (2023). Law No. 6698 on the Protection of Personal Data. https://www.kvkk.gov.tr/
  • Prensky, M. (2001). Digital natives, digital immigrants. On the Horizon, 9(5), 1–6. ISSN: 1074-8121. https://doi.org/10.1108/10748120110424816. Retrieved from https://www.marcprensky.com/writing/Prensky%20-%20Digital%20Natives,%20Digital%20Immigrants%20-%20Part1.pdf
  • PwC. (2020). Global consumer insights survey 2020. PwC. Retrieved from https://www.pwc.com/gx/en/consumer-markets/consumer-insights-survey/2020/pwc-consumer-insights-survey-2020.pdf
  • Republic of Türkiye Ministry of Trade. (2024a). 2023 Annual Activity Report of the Ministry of Trade. https://ticaret.gov.tr/data/65e1730213b8768d8422d054/Ticaret%20Bakanlığı%202023%20Yılı%20Faaliyet%20Raporu.pdf
  • Republic of Türkiye Ministry of Trade. (2024b). e-Commerce Outlook Report in Türkiye Published. https://www.eticaret.gov.tr/haberler/10096/detay/
  • Statista. (2024a). Distribution of internet users worldwide as of February 2024, by age group. Retrieved from https://www.statista.com/statistics/272365/age-distribution-of-internet-users-worldwide
  • Statista. (2024b). e-Commerce worldwide - statistics & facts. Retrieved from https://www.statista.com/topics/871/online-shopping/
  • Taherdoost, H. (2016). Sampling methods in research methodology: How to choose a sampling technique for research. International Journal of Academic Research in Management (IJARM), 5(2), 18–27. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3205035
  • TSoft Blog. (2023). The best-selling e-commerce products in Türkiye in 2023. Retrieved from https://www.tsoft.com.tr/blog/2023-de-turkiyede-en-cok-satilan-e-ticaret-urunleri
  • Turkish Statistical Institute (TÜİK). (2024a). Address-Based Population Registration System Results, 2023 (No: 49684). https://data.tuik.gov.tr/Bulten/Index?p=Adrese-Dayali-Nufus-Kayit-Sistemi-Sonuclari-2023-49684
  • Turkish Statistical Institute (TÜİK). (2024b). Household Information and Communication Technology (ICT) Usage Survey, 2024 (No: 53492). https://data.tuik.gov.tr/Bulten/Index?p=Hanehalki-Bilisim-Teknolojileri-%28BT%29-Kullanim-Arastirmasi-2024-53492
  • UN Women. (2022b). Accelerating efforts to tackle online and technology-facilitated violence against women and girls (VAWG). Retrieved from https://www.unwomen.org/sites/default/files/2022-10/Accelerating-efforts-to-tackle-online-and-technology-facilitated-violence-against-women-and-girls-en_0.pdf
  • United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD). (2023). Digital economy report 2023: Cross-border data flows and development. UNCTAD. Retrieved from https://unctad.org/system/files/official-document/dtlecdc2023d1_en.pdf
  • Van Deursen, A. J. A. M., & Van Dijk, J. A. G. M. (2019). The first-level digital divide shifts from inequalities in physical access to inequalities in material access. New Media & Society, 21(2), 354–375. https://doi.org/10.1177/1461444818797082. Retrieved from https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/1461444818797082
  • Van Dijk, J. A. G. M. (2020). The digital divide. Polity Press. ISBN 978-1509534456. https://doi.org/10.1002/asi.24355
  • Webster, J., & Watson, R. T. (2002). Analyzing the past to prepare for the future: Writing a literature review. MIS Quarterly, 26(2), xiii–xxiii. https://doi.org/10.2307/4132319. Retrieved from https://web.njit.edu/~egan/Writing_A_Literature_Review.pdf
  • World Economic Forum. (2023, June). The global gender gap report 2023. Retrieved from https://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_GGGR_2023.pdf
Toplam 40 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Davranışsal Finans, Finans, Finans ve Yatırım (Diğer), İşletme
Bölüm Articles
Yazarlar

Salahattin Altundağ 0000-0002-6198-7959

Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Temmuz 2025
Gönderilme Tarihi 30 Ocak 2025
Kabul Tarihi 19 Haziran 2025
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2025 Cilt: 14 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Altundağ, S. (2025). DEMOGRAPHIC PROFILES OF E-COMMERCE USERS: A REGIONAL AND GLOBAL PERSPECTIVE ON DIYARBAKIR, TURKIYE. Journal of Business Economics and Finance, 14(1), 1-14. https://doi.org/10.17261/Pressacademia.2025.1973

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