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Birleşmiş Milletler Güney Sudan Barışı Koruma Operasyonu: Mandanın Uygulanmasına UNPOL’un Katkıları

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 16 Sayı: 1, 110 - 127, 25.04.2025

Salih Turgay

https://doi.org/10.54558/jiss.1436848

Öz

Amaç: Birleşmiş Milletler (BM) barışı koruma operasyonlarının rolü ve etkinliği akademik çevrelerde ve politika yapıcılar arasında sürekli olarak tartışma konusu olmaktadır. Çalışmada, Güney Sudan’daki Birleşmiş Milletler Barışı Koruma Operasyonu (UNMISS) ve UNMISS’ın barışı korumak için yürüttüğü faaliyetler ele alınmıştır. Çalışmanın temel amacı Güney Sudan’daki barışı koruma operasyonunda UNMISS’ın mandasında belirtilen hedeflere ulaşılıp ulaşılmadığı ve UNMISS’ın önemli bir bileşeni olan Birleşmiş Milletler Polisi’nin (UNPOL) mandanın uygulanmasına etki ve katkılarını ortaya koymaktır.
Yöntem: Çalışmanın yöntemi nitel ve nicel verilerden yararlanılarak UNMISS’in operasyonlarına odaklanan bir vaka analizidir.
Bulgular: Elde edilen bulgulara göre, UNMISS’in sivil halkın korunması konusundaki çabalarını artırması gerekmektedir. Sivil halkın korunması dışındaki diğer sütunlarda UNMISS’in görevini büyük ölçüde başarılı bir şekilde yerine getirdiği ve UNPOL’un bu başarıda belirgin bir etkisinin olduğu söylenebilir.
Sonuç: Sivillerin güvenliğini sağlamak için daha etkili stratejilerin ve operasyonların geliştirilmesi gerekmektedir. Bu anlamda daha geniş bir toplumsal katılım ve güvenlik güçleriyle daha yakın iş birliği, sivil halkı koruma önlemlerinin etkinliğini artırabilir. Ayrıca, UNMISS’in sivil halka erişimi artırmak ve hızlı müdahale yeteneklerini güçlendirmek için operasyonel kapasitesini iyileştirmesi gerekmektedir. Bu tedbirler, UNMISS’in sivil halkın korunması sütununda daha fazla başarı elde etmesine ve Güney Sudan’da barış ve istikrarın sağlanması yolunda önemli bir rol oynamasına yardımcı olabilir.
Özgünlük: Türkçe literatürde oldukça bakir olan bu konuya aşamalı bir katkıda bulunmayı amaçlamaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Birleşmiş Milletler UNPOL Güney Sudan barışı koruma UNMISS

Etik Beyan

Bu çalışmanın tüm hazırlanma süreçlerinde etik kurallara uyulduğunu yazar beyan eder. Aksi bir durumun tespiti halinde Çankırı Karatekin Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi’nin hiçbir sorumluluğu olmayıp, tüm sorumluluk çalışmanın yazarına aittir. İlgili çalışmada etik kurul izni gerekmemektedir.

Kaynakça

  • Amnesty International. (2017). Do Not Remain Silent: Survivors of Sexual Violence in South Sudan Call for Justice and Reparations, Erişim adresi: https://www.amnestyusa.org/reports/
  • Amnesty International. (2022). South Sudan 2022, Erişim adresi: https://www.amnesty.org/en/location/africa/east-africa-the-horn-and-great-lakes/south-sudan/report-south-sudan/
  • Aslantaş A. (2022), Birleşmiş Milletler Barışı Koruma Operasyonları Kapsamında Polis Barış Gücünün Rolü ve Etkisi: Haiti-Kosova Misyonu Karşılaştırması, (Yayımlanmamış Doktora Tezi), Uludağ Üniversitesi, Bursa.
  • BBC News. (2011). Erişim adresi https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-12317927
  • BMGK. (2011). Security Council Resolution 1996, S/RES/1996 Erişim adresi: https://peacekeeping.un.org/sites/default/files/past/unmis/documents/sres1996_2011.pdf.
  • BMGK. (2014). Security Council Resolution 2187, S/RES/2187 (2014) Erişim adresi: https://documents-dds-ny.un.org/doc/UNDOC/GEN/N14/649/34/PDF/N1464934.pdf?OpenElement
  • BMGK. (2015). Security Council Resolution 2241, S/RES/2241 (2015) Erişim adresi: https://documents-dds-ny.un.org/doc/UNDOC/GEN/N15/307/24/PDF/N1530724.pdf?OpenElement
  • BMGK. (2023). Security Council Resolution 2677, S/RES/2677 UN Security Council Resolution 2677 (2023) Erişim adresi: | UNMISS (unmissions.org)
  • BMGS. (2014). Report of the Secretary-General on South Sudan S/2014/158, Erişim adresi: https://www.refworld.org/pdfid/53e8950c4.pdf
  • Brown, M. A. (1993). United Nations Peacekeeping: Historical Overview and Current Issues. Report for Congress, Washington DC: Congressional Research Service.
  • Chappell D. & Evans J. (1997). The role, preparation and performance of civilian police in United Nations peacekeeping operations, The International Centre for Criminal Law Reform and Criminal Justice Policy,Erişim adresi: https://www.aspr.ac.at/fileadmin/Downloads/Publikationen/Publikationen_bis_2014/Schlaininger_Arbeitspapiere/wp1_99.pdf
  • Day, A., Hunt C. T., Yin H. & Kumalo L. (2019). Assessing the Effectiveness of the UN Mission in South Sudan (UNMISS), EPON Report [Preprint]. Erişim adresi: https://nupi.brage.unit.no/nupi-xmlui/bitstream/handle/11250/2647555/EPON-UNMISS-Report%2b2_2019%2bDay%252C%2bHunt%252C%2bYin%252C%2bKumalo%2b-%2bAssessing%2bthe%2bEffectiveness%2bof%2bthe%2b%2bUN%2bMission%2bin%2bSouth%2bSudan%2b%2528UNMISS%2529-LOWRES.pdf?sequence=2&isAllowed=y
  • Di Salvatore, J. & Ruggeri, A. (2017). Effectiveness of peacekeeping operations. Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Politics. 10.1093/acrefore/9780190228637.013.586.
  • Doyle, M.W. & Sambanis, N. (2011) Making War and Building Peace: United Nations Peace Operations. Princeton University Press.
  • Fortna, V. P. (2008). Does Peacekeeping Work? Shaping Belligerents Choices after Civil War, NJ: Princeton University Press.
  • Fund for Peace. (2023). Fragile States Index, Erişim adresi: https://fragilestatesindex.org/
  • Gerring, J. (2004). What is a case study and what is it good for?. American Political Science Review. 98. (341-354).
  • Hagan P. & Rauch J. (2016). External Review of The Functions, Structure and Capacity Of The United Nations Police Division, Erişim adresi: (PDF) External Review of the Functions, Structure and Capacity of the UN Police Division (researchgate.net)
  • Howard L. M. (2008). UN Peacekeeping in Civil Wars, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press; Human Rights Watch, (2021). South Sudan Events of 2021, Erişim adresi: https://www.hrw.org/world-report/2022/country-chapters/south-sudan
  • IGAD. (2018). Revitalised Agreement on the Resolution of the Conflict in the Republic of South Sudan (R-ARCSS). Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Erişim adresi: https://docs.pca-cpa.org/2016/02/South-Sudan-Peace-Agreement-September-2018.pdf
  • IMF. (2019). World Economic Outlook Database 2019. Erişim adresi: https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WEO/weo-database/2019/October
  • Independent Special Investigation Report. (2016), Erişim adresi: https://reliefweb.int/report/south-sudan/executive-summary-independent-special-investigation-violence-which-occurred-juba
  • Jochemsen, M. (2022). A review of UNMISS and the peacebuilding space in South Sudan, (Unpublished Master Thesis), Universitat Oberta de Catalunya. International Affairs and Diplomacy, Catalunya.
  • Jubaecho, (2023), Deadly Fighting In Malakal PoC Leaves 17 Killed Erişim adresi: https://jubaecho.com/2023/06/12/deadly-fighting-in-malakal-poc-leaves-17-killed/
  • Kulang, T.T., Chidiebere, C.O. & Khamalwa W. (2020). South Sudan: Ethnicity and statehood. Perceptions and the Way Forward, Conflict Studies, Conflict Studies Quarterly. 10.24193/csq.31.3.
  • Lipson M. (2007). A garbage can model of UN peacekeeping, Global Governance, 13, 79-97.
  • Martell, P. (2019). First Raise a Flag: How South Sudan Won the Longest War But Lost the Peace. Oxford University Press.
  • OCHA. (2021a) Humanitarian Needs Overview South Sudan, Erişim adresi: https://reliefweb.int/report/south-sudan/south-sudan-humanitarian-needs-overview-2023-november-2022
  • OCHA. (2021b). OCHA - South Sudan Humanitarian Snapshot, Erişim adresi: https://www.unocha.org/publications/report/south-sudan/south-sudan-humanitarian-snapshot-august-2021
  • OHCHR. (2017). A Report On Violations And Abuses Of International Human Rights Law And Violations Of International Humanitarian Law In The Context Of The Fighting In Juba, South Sudan, IN JULY 2016, Erişim adresi: https://www.ohchr.org/sites/default/files/Documents/Countries/SS/ReportJuba16Jan2017.pdf
  • Osmançavuşoğlu, E. (2000). Challenges to United Nations peacekeeping operations in the post-cold war Era, Journal Of International Affairs, 4(4).
  • OSRSG. (2014). Sexual Violence in Conflict, Erişim adresi: https://www.un.org/sexualviolenceinconflict/joint-communique/joint-communique-of-the-republic-of-south-sudan-and-the-united-nations-on-the-prevention-of-conflict-related-sexual-violence/
  • OSRSG. (2024). Sexual Violence in Conflict, Erişim adresi: https://www.un.org/sexualviolenceinconflict/countries/south-sudan.
  • Protection Situation Update. (2016). Erişim adresi: https://reliefweb.int/attachments/a724895b-79b9-39b9-921c-abdcfbd96324/protection_cluster-update_on_southern_unity-20160511-final_0.pdf.
  • Pushkina D. (2006). A recipe for success? Ingredients of a successful peacekeeping mission, International Peacekeeping 13(2), 133–149.
  • Sınır Tanımayan Doktorlar. (2016). MSF internal review of the February 2016 attack on the Malakal Protection of Civilians Site and the post-event situation, Erişim adresi: https://arhp.msf.es/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/MSF-internal-review-of-the-Malakal-PoC-attack.pdf
  • Sismanidis, R. D. V. (1997). Police Functions in Peace Operations, (Rapor), United States Institute of Peace.
  • Takpiny, B. (2021). South Sudan Misused Oil Revenues: Government official. Erişim adresi: https://www.aa.com.tr/en/africa/south-sudan-misused-oil-revenues-government-official/2287403 TC Dışişleri Bakanlığı. (2023). Güney Sudan Ülke Künyesi, Erişim adresi: https://www.mfa.gov.tr/guney-sudan-ulke-kunyesi.tr.mfa
  • Transparency International. (2022). Erişim adresi: https://www.transparency.org/en/cpi/2022
  • UN DPKO/DFS. (2014). United Nations Police in Peacekeeping Operations and Special Political Missions, 1 February 2014, Erişim adresi: https://peacekeeping.un.org/sites/default/files/4._rule_of_law_-_5_policy_on_police_in_pkos_and_spms.pdf
  • UN News. (2016). Erişim adresi: https://news.un.org/en/story/2016/09/541502-south-sudan-100000-people-trapped-yei-un-refugee-agencywarns.
  • UN Peacekeeping. (2024). Erişim adresi: https://peacekeeping.un.org/en/our-history
  • UN Peacekeeping. (2023a). What Is Peacekeeping, Erişim adresi: https://peacekeeping.un.org/en/what-is-peacekeeping
  • UN Peacekeping. (2023b). UNMISS Fact Sheet, Erişim adresi: https://peacekeeping.un.org/en/mission/unmiss
  • UNESCO (2023). South Sudan, Erişim adresi: http://uis.unesco.org/en/country/ss
  • UNGA, (2020). Budget Performance of the United Nations Mission in South Sudan for the period from 1 July 2019 to 30 June 2020, A/75/627
  • United Nation Police. (2023). Erişim adresi: https://peacekeeping.un.org/mission/past/onucB.htm
  • United Nations Capacity building of host State Police. (2023). Erişim adresi: https://police.un.org/en/capacity-building-of-host-state-police
  • United Nations Formed Police Unit. (2023). Erişim adresi: https://police.un.org/en/information-formed-police-unit-fpu-personnel,
  • United Nations, Community Policing. (2023). Erişim adresi: https://police.un.org/en/community-oriented-policing
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United Nations Mission in South Sudan, UNPOL’s Contributions to Mandate Implementation

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 16 Sayı: 1, 110 - 127, 25.04.2025

Salih Turgay

https://doi.org/10.54558/jiss.1436848

Öz

Aim: The role and effectiveness of United Nations (UN) peacekeeping operations have remained a subject of ongoing debate in academic circles and among policymakers. This study centers on the United Nations Mission in South Sudan (UNMISS) and its efforts in peacekeeping within the country. The main aim of the study is to determine whether the objectives outlined in the mandate of UNMISS in the peacekeeping operation in South Sudan have been achieved and to demonstrate the impact and contributions of the United Nations Police (UNPOL), a significant component of UNMISS, to the implementation of the mandate.
Method: The method of the study is a case analysis focusing on the operations of UNMISS utilizing both qualitative and quantitative data.
Results: According to the findings obtained, UNMISS needs to increase its efforts in protecting civilian populations. It can be said that UNMISS has largely succeeded in fulfilling its mission in other pillars besides civilian protection, with a significant contribution from UNPOL.
Implications: More effective strategies and operations need to be developed to ensure the security of civilians. In this regard, broader societal engagement and closer collaboration with security forces can enhance the effectiveness of civilian protection measures. Additionally, UNMISS needs to improve its operational capacity to increase access to civilian populations and strengthen its rapid response capabilities. These measures can assist UNMISS in achieving greater success in the pillar of civilian protection and play a significant role in achieving peace and stability in South Sudan.
Originality: The aim is to make a gradual contribution to this topic, which is quite scarce in the Turkish literature.

Anahtar Kelimeler

United Nations UNPOL South Sudan Peacekeeping UNMISS

Kaynakça

  • Amnesty International. (2017). Do Not Remain Silent: Survivors of Sexual Violence in South Sudan Call for Justice and Reparations, Erişim adresi: https://www.amnestyusa.org/reports/
  • Amnesty International. (2022). South Sudan 2022, Erişim adresi: https://www.amnesty.org/en/location/africa/east-africa-the-horn-and-great-lakes/south-sudan/report-south-sudan/
  • Aslantaş A. (2022), Birleşmiş Milletler Barışı Koruma Operasyonları Kapsamında Polis Barış Gücünün Rolü ve Etkisi: Haiti-Kosova Misyonu Karşılaştırması, (Yayımlanmamış Doktora Tezi), Uludağ Üniversitesi, Bursa.
  • BBC News. (2011). Erişim adresi https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-12317927
  • BMGK. (2011). Security Council Resolution 1996, S/RES/1996 Erişim adresi: https://peacekeeping.un.org/sites/default/files/past/unmis/documents/sres1996_2011.pdf.
  • BMGK. (2014). Security Council Resolution 2187, S/RES/2187 (2014) Erişim adresi: https://documents-dds-ny.un.org/doc/UNDOC/GEN/N14/649/34/PDF/N1464934.pdf?OpenElement
  • BMGK. (2015). Security Council Resolution 2241, S/RES/2241 (2015) Erişim adresi: https://documents-dds-ny.un.org/doc/UNDOC/GEN/N15/307/24/PDF/N1530724.pdf?OpenElement
  • BMGK. (2023). Security Council Resolution 2677, S/RES/2677 UN Security Council Resolution 2677 (2023) Erişim adresi: | UNMISS (unmissions.org)
  • BMGS. (2014). Report of the Secretary-General on South Sudan S/2014/158, Erişim adresi: https://www.refworld.org/pdfid/53e8950c4.pdf
  • Brown, M. A. (1993). United Nations Peacekeeping: Historical Overview and Current Issues. Report for Congress, Washington DC: Congressional Research Service.
  • Chappell D. & Evans J. (1997). The role, preparation and performance of civilian police in United Nations peacekeeping operations, The International Centre for Criminal Law Reform and Criminal Justice Policy,Erişim adresi: https://www.aspr.ac.at/fileadmin/Downloads/Publikationen/Publikationen_bis_2014/Schlaininger_Arbeitspapiere/wp1_99.pdf
  • Day, A., Hunt C. T., Yin H. & Kumalo L. (2019). Assessing the Effectiveness of the UN Mission in South Sudan (UNMISS), EPON Report [Preprint]. Erişim adresi: https://nupi.brage.unit.no/nupi-xmlui/bitstream/handle/11250/2647555/EPON-UNMISS-Report%2b2_2019%2bDay%252C%2bHunt%252C%2bYin%252C%2bKumalo%2b-%2bAssessing%2bthe%2bEffectiveness%2bof%2bthe%2b%2bUN%2bMission%2bin%2bSouth%2bSudan%2b%2528UNMISS%2529-LOWRES.pdf?sequence=2&isAllowed=y
  • Di Salvatore, J. & Ruggeri, A. (2017). Effectiveness of peacekeeping operations. Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Politics. 10.1093/acrefore/9780190228637.013.586.
  • Doyle, M.W. & Sambanis, N. (2011) Making War and Building Peace: United Nations Peace Operations. Princeton University Press.
  • Fortna, V. P. (2008). Does Peacekeeping Work? Shaping Belligerents Choices after Civil War, NJ: Princeton University Press.
  • Fund for Peace. (2023). Fragile States Index, Erişim adresi: https://fragilestatesindex.org/
  • Gerring, J. (2004). What is a case study and what is it good for?. American Political Science Review. 98. (341-354).
  • Hagan P. & Rauch J. (2016). External Review of The Functions, Structure and Capacity Of The United Nations Police Division, Erişim adresi: (PDF) External Review of the Functions, Structure and Capacity of the UN Police Division (researchgate.net)
  • Howard L. M. (2008). UN Peacekeeping in Civil Wars, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press; Human Rights Watch, (2021). South Sudan Events of 2021, Erişim adresi: https://www.hrw.org/world-report/2022/country-chapters/south-sudan
  • IGAD. (2018). Revitalised Agreement on the Resolution of the Conflict in the Republic of South Sudan (R-ARCSS). Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Erişim adresi: https://docs.pca-cpa.org/2016/02/South-Sudan-Peace-Agreement-September-2018.pdf
  • IMF. (2019). World Economic Outlook Database 2019. Erişim adresi: https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WEO/weo-database/2019/October
  • Independent Special Investigation Report. (2016), Erişim adresi: https://reliefweb.int/report/south-sudan/executive-summary-independent-special-investigation-violence-which-occurred-juba
  • Jochemsen, M. (2022). A review of UNMISS and the peacebuilding space in South Sudan, (Unpublished Master Thesis), Universitat Oberta de Catalunya. International Affairs and Diplomacy, Catalunya.
  • Jubaecho, (2023), Deadly Fighting In Malakal PoC Leaves 17 Killed Erişim adresi: https://jubaecho.com/2023/06/12/deadly-fighting-in-malakal-poc-leaves-17-killed/
  • Kulang, T.T., Chidiebere, C.O. & Khamalwa W. (2020). South Sudan: Ethnicity and statehood. Perceptions and the Way Forward, Conflict Studies, Conflict Studies Quarterly. 10.24193/csq.31.3.
  • Lipson M. (2007). A garbage can model of UN peacekeeping, Global Governance, 13, 79-97.
  • Martell, P. (2019). First Raise a Flag: How South Sudan Won the Longest War But Lost the Peace. Oxford University Press.
  • OCHA. (2021a) Humanitarian Needs Overview South Sudan, Erişim adresi: https://reliefweb.int/report/south-sudan/south-sudan-humanitarian-needs-overview-2023-november-2022
  • OCHA. (2021b). OCHA - South Sudan Humanitarian Snapshot, Erişim adresi: https://www.unocha.org/publications/report/south-sudan/south-sudan-humanitarian-snapshot-august-2021
  • OHCHR. (2017). A Report On Violations And Abuses Of International Human Rights Law And Violations Of International Humanitarian Law In The Context Of The Fighting In Juba, South Sudan, IN JULY 2016, Erişim adresi: https://www.ohchr.org/sites/default/files/Documents/Countries/SS/ReportJuba16Jan2017.pdf
  • Osmançavuşoğlu, E. (2000). Challenges to United Nations peacekeeping operations in the post-cold war Era, Journal Of International Affairs, 4(4).
  • OSRSG. (2014). Sexual Violence in Conflict, Erişim adresi: https://www.un.org/sexualviolenceinconflict/joint-communique/joint-communique-of-the-republic-of-south-sudan-and-the-united-nations-on-the-prevention-of-conflict-related-sexual-violence/
  • OSRSG. (2024). Sexual Violence in Conflict, Erişim adresi: https://www.un.org/sexualviolenceinconflict/countries/south-sudan.
  • Protection Situation Update. (2016). Erişim adresi: https://reliefweb.int/attachments/a724895b-79b9-39b9-921c-abdcfbd96324/protection_cluster-update_on_southern_unity-20160511-final_0.pdf.
  • Pushkina D. (2006). A recipe for success? Ingredients of a successful peacekeeping mission, International Peacekeeping 13(2), 133–149.
  • Sınır Tanımayan Doktorlar. (2016). MSF internal review of the February 2016 attack on the Malakal Protection of Civilians Site and the post-event situation, Erişim adresi: https://arhp.msf.es/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/MSF-internal-review-of-the-Malakal-PoC-attack.pdf
  • Sismanidis, R. D. V. (1997). Police Functions in Peace Operations, (Rapor), United States Institute of Peace.
  • Takpiny, B. (2021). South Sudan Misused Oil Revenues: Government official. Erişim adresi: https://www.aa.com.tr/en/africa/south-sudan-misused-oil-revenues-government-official/2287403 TC Dışişleri Bakanlığı. (2023). Güney Sudan Ülke Künyesi, Erişim adresi: https://www.mfa.gov.tr/guney-sudan-ulke-kunyesi.tr.mfa
  • Transparency International. (2022). Erişim adresi: https://www.transparency.org/en/cpi/2022
  • UN DPKO/DFS. (2014). United Nations Police in Peacekeeping Operations and Special Political Missions, 1 February 2014, Erişim adresi: https://peacekeeping.un.org/sites/default/files/4._rule_of_law_-_5_policy_on_police_in_pkos_and_spms.pdf
  • UN News. (2016). Erişim adresi: https://news.un.org/en/story/2016/09/541502-south-sudan-100000-people-trapped-yei-un-refugee-agencywarns.
  • UN Peacekeeping. (2024). Erişim adresi: https://peacekeeping.un.org/en/our-history
  • UN Peacekeeping. (2023a). What Is Peacekeeping, Erişim adresi: https://peacekeeping.un.org/en/what-is-peacekeeping
  • UN Peacekeping. (2023b). UNMISS Fact Sheet, Erişim adresi: https://peacekeeping.un.org/en/mission/unmiss
  • UNESCO (2023). South Sudan, Erişim adresi: http://uis.unesco.org/en/country/ss
  • UNGA, (2020). Budget Performance of the United Nations Mission in South Sudan for the period from 1 July 2019 to 30 June 2020, A/75/627
  • United Nation Police. (2023). Erişim adresi: https://peacekeeping.un.org/mission/past/onucB.htm
  • United Nations Capacity building of host State Police. (2023). Erişim adresi: https://police.un.org/en/capacity-building-of-host-state-police
  • United Nations Formed Police Unit. (2023). Erişim adresi: https://police.un.org/en/information-formed-police-unit-fpu-personnel,
  • United Nations, Community Policing. (2023). Erişim adresi: https://police.un.org/en/community-oriented-policing
  • United Nations, History of the United Nations Police. (2023). Our History, Erişim adresi: https://police.un.org/en/our-history
  • United Nations, How We Do UN Policing. (2023). Erişim adresi: https://police.un.org/en/how-we-do-un-policing
  • United Nations, Peacekeeping Operations. (2023). DATA, Erişim adresi: https://peacekeeping.un.org/en/data
  • United Nations, Protection of Civilians. (2023). Erişim adresi: https://police.un.org/en/protection-of-civilians,
  • UNMISS. (2020). UNMISS Protection Site In Juba Re-Designated As A Conventional Displacement Camp, Erişim adresi: https://unmiss.unmissions.org/unmiss-protection-site-juba-re-designatedconventional-displacement-camp
  • UNMISS. (2021a), UNMISS News, Erişim adresi: https://unmiss.unmissions.org/unmiss-troops-protect-humanitarians-attacked-angry-youths-jam-jang-south-sudan
  • UNMISS. (2021b). UNMISS: Quarterly Brief 0n Violence Affecting Civilians, Human Rights Division, Erişim adresi: https://reliefweb.int/report/south-sudan/unmiss-quarterly-brief-violence-affecting-civilians-july-september-2021
  • UNMISS. (2023), Leadership, Erişim adresi: Leadership | UNMISS (unmissions.org) UNMISS Communications & Public Information Office. (2017). Update: UNMISS “Protection of Civilians” (PoC) Sites. Erişim adresi: https://unmiss.unmissions.org/ sites/default/files/170921_poc_update_-_176.pdf
  • UNSC (2021). Situation in South Sudan- Report of the Secretary-General (S/2021/1015). Erişim adresi: https://reliefweb.int/report/south-sudan/situation-south-sudan-report-secretary-general-s20211015-enar
  • WFP. (2021a). WFP South Sudan Country Brief, Erişim adresi: https://reliefweb.int/report/south-sudan/wfp-south-sudan-country-brief-july-2021
  • WFP. (2021b). WFP South Sudan - Situation Report #297, Erişim adresi: https://reliefweb.int/report/south-sudan/wfp-south-sudan-situation-report-297-26-november-2021
  • Wimmer, A. (2013). States of war: How the Nation-State made modern conflict, Foreign Affairs, online edition, Erişim adresi: https://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/africa/2013-11-07/states-war
  • World Bank (2021). Net Official Development Assistance and Official Aid Received (current US$) - South Sudan. Erişim adresi: Net official development assistance and official aid received (current US$) - South Sudan | Data (worldbank.org)
  • Zambakari, C. (2013) Post-referendum South Sudan: Political Ddrivers of violence and the challenge of democratic nation-building, forging two nations: Insights on Sudan and South Sudan, (98-111).
Toplam 64 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Barış Çalışmaları
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Salih Turgay 0000-0002-5823-6986

Yayımlanma Tarihi 25 Nisan 2025
Gönderilme Tarihi 14 Şubat 2024
Kabul Tarihi 7 Eylül 2024
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2025 Cilt: 16 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Turgay, S. (2025). Birleşmiş Milletler Güney Sudan Barışı Koruma Operasyonu: Mandanın Uygulanmasına UNPOL’un Katkıları. Çankırı Karatekin Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 16(1), 110-127. https://doi.org/10.54558/jiss.1436848
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