Öz
Purpose: Adequate polymerization is a crucial factor in
obtaining optimal physical properties and a satisfying
clinical performance from composite resin materials. The aim
of this study was to evaluate the polymerization efficiency of
dual-cure resin cement cured with two different light curing
units under zirconia structures having differing thicknesses.
Materials and Methods: 4 zirconia discs framework in 4
mm diameter and in 0.5 mm, 1 mm and 1.5 mm thickness
were prepared using computer-aided design system. One
of the 0.5 mm-thick substructures was left as mono-layered
whereas others were layered with feldspathic porcelain
of same thickness and ceramic samples with 4 different
thicknesses (0.5, 1, 1.5 and 2.0 mm) were prepared.
For each group (n=12) resin cement was light cured in
polytetrafluoroethylene molds using Light Emitting Diode
(LED) or Quartz-Tungsten Halogen (QHT) light curing
units under each of 4 zirconia based discs (n=96). The
values of depth of cure (in mm) and the Vickers Hardness
Number values (VHN) were evaluated for each specimen.
Results: The use of LED curing unit produced a greater
depth of cure compared to QTH under ceramic discs
with 0.5 and 1 mm thickness (p<0.05).At 100μm and 300
μm depth, the LED unit produced significantly greater
VHN values compared to the QTH unit (p<0.05). At
500 μm depth, the difference between the VHN values of
LED and QTH groups were not statistically significant.
Conclusion: Light curing may not result in adequate
resin cement polymerization under thick zirconia
structures. LED light sources should be preferred
over QTH for curing dual-cure resin cements,
especially for those under thicker zirconia restorations.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Polymerization; translucency; resin cement; hardness; zirconia
Kaynakça
- Hooshmand T, Mahmoodi N, Keshvad A. Microhardness of a resin cement polymerized by light-emitting diode and halogen lights through ceramic. J Prosthodont 2009;18(5):411-416.
- Soares CJ, da Silva NR, Fonseca RB. Influence of the feldspathic ceramic thickness and shade on the microhardness of dual resin cement. Oper Dent 2006;31(3):384-389.
- El-Mowafy OM, Rubo MH, el-Badrawy WA. Hardening of new resin cements cured through a ceramic inlay. Oper Dent 1999;24(1):38-44.
- Polydorou O, Manolakis A, Hellwig E, Hahn P. Evaluation of the curing depth of two translucent composite materials using a halogen and two LED curing units. Clin Oral Investig 2008;12(1):45-51.
- Rasetto FH, Driscoll CF, Prestipino V, Masri R, von Fraunhofer JA. Light transmission through all-ceramic dental materials: a pilot study. J Prosthet Dent 2004;91(5):441-446.
- Rasetto FH, Driscoll CF, von Fraunhofer JA. Effect of light source and time on the polymerization of resin cement through ceramic veneers. J Prosthodont 2001;10(3):133-139.
- Pick B, Gonzaga CC, Junior WS, Kawano Y, Braga RR, Cardoso PE. Influence of curing light attenuation caused by aesthetic indirect restorative materials on resin cement polymerization. Eur J Dent 2010;4(3):314-323.
- Foxton RM, Pereira PN, Nakajima M, Tagami J, Miura H. Effect of light source direction and restoration thickness on tensile strength of a dual-curable resin cement to copy-milled ceramic. Am J Dent 2003;16(2):129-134.
- Lee IB, An W, Chang J, Um CM. Influence of ceramic thickness and curing mode on the polymerization shrinkage kinetics of dual-cured resin cements. Dent Mater 2008;24(8):1141-1147.
- O'Keefe KL, Pease PL, Herrin HK. Variables affecting the spectral transmittance of light through porcelain veneer samples. J Prosthet Dent 1991;66(4):434-438.
- Rueggeberg FA, Craig RG. Correlation of parameters used to estimate monomer conversion in a light-cured composite. J Dent Res 1988;67(6):932-937.
- Chan KC, Boyer DB. Curing light-activated composite cement through porcelain. J Dent Res 1989;68(3):476-480.
- Blankenau RJ, Kelsey WP, Cavel WT, Blankenau P. Wavelength and intensity of seven systems for visible light-curing composite resins: a comparison study. J Am Dent Assoc 1983;106(4):471-474.
- Munksgaard EC, Peutzfeldt A, Asmussen E. Elution of TEGDMA and BisGMA from a resin and a resin composite cured with halogen or plasma light. Eur J Oral Sci 2000;108(4):341-345.
- Jandt KD, Mills RW, Blackwell GB, Ashworth SH. Depth of cure and compressive strength of dental composites cured with blue light emitting diodes (LEDs). Dent Mater 2000;16(1):41-47.
- Jung H, Friedl KH, Hiller KA, Furch H, Bernhart S, Schmalz G. Polymerization efficiency of different photocuring units through ceramic discs. Oper Dent 2006;31(1):68-77.
- Watts DC. Reaction kinetics and mechanics in photo-polymerised networks. Dent Mater 2005;21(1):27-35.
- International Organization for Standardization. ISO 4049/2000 – Dentistry - Polymer-based filling restorative and luting materials. Switzerland: ISO, 2000.
- Turp V, Sen D, Poyrazoglu E, Tuncelli B, Goller G. Influence of zirconia base and shade difference on polymerization efficiency of dual-cure resin cement. J Prosthodont 2011;20(5):361-365.
- Shortall AC, Harrington E. Effect of light intensity on polymerisation of three composite resins. Eur J Prosthodont Restor Dent 1996;4(2):71-76.
- Jung H, Friedl KH, Hiller KA, Haller A, Schmalz G. Curing efficiency of different polymerization methods through ceramic restorations. Clin Oral Investig 2001;5(3):156-161.
- Reges RV, Moraes RR, Correr AB, Sinhoreti MA, Correr-Sobrinho L, Piva E, Nouer PR. In-depth polymerization of dual-cured resin cement assessed by hardness. J Biomater Appl 2008;23(1):85-96.
- Rueggeberg FA, Ergle JW, Mettenburg DJ. Polymerization depths of contemporary light-curing units using microhardness. J Esthet Dent 2000;12(6):340-349.
- Noronha Filho JD, Brandão NL, Poskus LT, Guimarães JG, Silva EM. A critical analysis of the degree of conversion of resin-based luting cements. J Appl Oral Sci 2010;18(5):442-446.
- Meng X, Yoshida K, Atsuta M. Hardness development of dual-cured resin cements through different thicknesses of ceramics. Dent Mater J 2006;25(1):132-137.
- Ilie N, Hickel R. Correlation between ceramics translucency and polymerization efficiency through ceramics. Dent Mater 2008;24(7):908-914.
- Valentino TA, Borges GA, Borges LH, Vishal J, Martins LR, Correr-Sobrinho L. Dual resin cement knoop hardness after different activation modes through dental ceramics. Braz Dent J 2010;21(2):104-110.
- Uhl A, Sigusch BW, Jandt KD. Second generation LEDs for the polymerization of oral biomaterials. Dent Mater 2004;20(1):80-87.
- El-Mowafy O, El-Badrawy W, Wasef M, Omar H, Kermanshahi S. Efficacy of new LED light-curing units in hardening of Class II composite restorations. J Can Dent Assoc 2007;73(3):253-257.
- Oberholzer TG, Pameijer CH, Grobler SR, Rossouw RJ. Effect of power density on shrinkage of dental resin materials. Oper Dent, 2003; 28(5): 622-627.
- Burgess JO, Walker RS, Porche CJ, Rappold AJ. Light curing-an update. Compend Contin Educ Dent, 2002; 23(10): 889-892.
Dual-Cure Reçine Simanın Zirkonya Seramikleri Altındaki Polimerizasyon Etkinliğinin İki Farklı Işık Kaynağı ile İncelenmesi
Öz
Amaç: Kompozit reçine esaslı malzemelerin ideal fiziksel
özelliklerinin ve klinik performanslarının elde edilmesi; yeterli
polimerizasyonun sağlanmasına bağlıdır. Bu çalışmanın amacı,
farklı kalınlıklardaki zirkonya esaslı restorasyonların altında
kullanılan dual-cure reçine simanın polimerizasyon etkinliğinin
iki farklı ışık kaynağı ile değerlendirilmesidir.
Gereç ve Yöntem: 4 mm çapında disk şeklinde 4 adet zirkon alt
yapı (2 adet 0.5 mm, 1 adet 1mm, 1 adet 1.5 mm kalınlığında)
bilgisayar destekli tasarım sistemi kullanılarak hazırlandı. 0.5 mm
lik disklerden biri alt yapı olarak bırakılırken diğer 3 diske aynı
kalınlıkta üst yapı porseleni uygulanarak 4 farklı kalınlığa (0.5, 1,
1.5 ve 2.0 mm) sahip seramik örnek elde edildi. Politetrafloroetilen
kalıp içine konulan reçine siman 4 farklı seramik disk üzerinde
her bir grupta 12 adet örnek olacak şekilde Light Emitting Diode
(LED) ya da Quartz-Tungsten Halogen (QTH) ışık kaynakları
kullanılarak polimerize edildi (n=96). Polimerizasyon derinliği
(mm) ve Vickers sertlik değerleri (VHN) her bir örnek için
tespit edildi. Verilerin istatistiksel olarak analizinde tek yönlü
varyans analizi, Tukey HSD ve Student t testi kullanıldı (p < 0.05).
Bulgular: LED ışık kaynağının kullanımı ile 0.5 ve 1 mm.lik
örnek gruplarında QTH’a oranla daha yüksek polimerizasyon
derinliği sağlamıştır (p < 0.05). 100 µm ve 300 µm derinlikte LED
ışık kaynağı QTH’a oranla istatistiksel olarak anlamlı derecede
yüksek VHN değerleri göstermiştir (p < 0.05). Simanda 500 µm
derinlikte, iki ışık kaynağının polimerizasyon etkinliği arasında
Vickers sertliği açısından anlamlı bir fark bulunmamıştır.
Sonuç: Zirkon esaslı restorasyonların kalınlığı arttıkça reçine
simanın polimerizasyonu yetersiz kalabilir. Özellikle kalın
zirkon esaslı restorasyonların altında bulunan dual-cure reçine
simanlarının ideal olarak polymerize edilebilmesi için LED ışık
kaynağı QTH ışık kaynağına tercih edilmelidir.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kaynakça
- Hooshmand T, Mahmoodi N, Keshvad A. Microhardness of a resin cement polymerized by light-emitting diode and halogen lights through ceramic. J Prosthodont 2009;18(5):411-416.
- Soares CJ, da Silva NR, Fonseca RB. Influence of the feldspathic ceramic thickness and shade on the microhardness of dual resin cement. Oper Dent 2006;31(3):384-389.
- El-Mowafy OM, Rubo MH, el-Badrawy WA. Hardening of new resin cements cured through a ceramic inlay. Oper Dent 1999;24(1):38-44.
- Polydorou O, Manolakis A, Hellwig E, Hahn P. Evaluation of the curing depth of two translucent composite materials using a halogen and two LED curing units. Clin Oral Investig 2008;12(1):45-51.
- Rasetto FH, Driscoll CF, Prestipino V, Masri R, von Fraunhofer JA. Light transmission through all-ceramic dental materials: a pilot study. J Prosthet Dent 2004;91(5):441-446.
- Rasetto FH, Driscoll CF, von Fraunhofer JA. Effect of light source and time on the polymerization of resin cement through ceramic veneers. J Prosthodont 2001;10(3):133-139.
- Pick B, Gonzaga CC, Junior WS, Kawano Y, Braga RR, Cardoso PE. Influence of curing light attenuation caused by aesthetic indirect restorative materials on resin cement polymerization. Eur J Dent 2010;4(3):314-323.
- Foxton RM, Pereira PN, Nakajima M, Tagami J, Miura H. Effect of light source direction and restoration thickness on tensile strength of a dual-curable resin cement to copy-milled ceramic. Am J Dent 2003;16(2):129-134.
- Lee IB, An W, Chang J, Um CM. Influence of ceramic thickness and curing mode on the polymerization shrinkage kinetics of dual-cured resin cements. Dent Mater 2008;24(8):1141-1147.
- O'Keefe KL, Pease PL, Herrin HK. Variables affecting the spectral transmittance of light through porcelain veneer samples. J Prosthet Dent 1991;66(4):434-438.
- Rueggeberg FA, Craig RG. Correlation of parameters used to estimate monomer conversion in a light-cured composite. J Dent Res 1988;67(6):932-937.
- Chan KC, Boyer DB. Curing light-activated composite cement through porcelain. J Dent Res 1989;68(3):476-480.
- Blankenau RJ, Kelsey WP, Cavel WT, Blankenau P. Wavelength and intensity of seven systems for visible light-curing composite resins: a comparison study. J Am Dent Assoc 1983;106(4):471-474.
- Munksgaard EC, Peutzfeldt A, Asmussen E. Elution of TEGDMA and BisGMA from a resin and a resin composite cured with halogen or plasma light. Eur J Oral Sci 2000;108(4):341-345.
- Jandt KD, Mills RW, Blackwell GB, Ashworth SH. Depth of cure and compressive strength of dental composites cured with blue light emitting diodes (LEDs). Dent Mater 2000;16(1):41-47.
- Jung H, Friedl KH, Hiller KA, Furch H, Bernhart S, Schmalz G. Polymerization efficiency of different photocuring units through ceramic discs. Oper Dent 2006;31(1):68-77.
- Watts DC. Reaction kinetics and mechanics in photo-polymerised networks. Dent Mater 2005;21(1):27-35.
- International Organization for Standardization. ISO 4049/2000 – Dentistry - Polymer-based filling restorative and luting materials. Switzerland: ISO, 2000.
- Turp V, Sen D, Poyrazoglu E, Tuncelli B, Goller G. Influence of zirconia base and shade difference on polymerization efficiency of dual-cure resin cement. J Prosthodont 2011;20(5):361-365.
- Shortall AC, Harrington E. Effect of light intensity on polymerisation of three composite resins. Eur J Prosthodont Restor Dent 1996;4(2):71-76.
- Jung H, Friedl KH, Hiller KA, Haller A, Schmalz G. Curing efficiency of different polymerization methods through ceramic restorations. Clin Oral Investig 2001;5(3):156-161.
- Reges RV, Moraes RR, Correr AB, Sinhoreti MA, Correr-Sobrinho L, Piva E, Nouer PR. In-depth polymerization of dual-cured resin cement assessed by hardness. J Biomater Appl 2008;23(1):85-96.
- Rueggeberg FA, Ergle JW, Mettenburg DJ. Polymerization depths of contemporary light-curing units using microhardness. J Esthet Dent 2000;12(6):340-349.
- Noronha Filho JD, Brandão NL, Poskus LT, Guimarães JG, Silva EM. A critical analysis of the degree of conversion of resin-based luting cements. J Appl Oral Sci 2010;18(5):442-446.
- Meng X, Yoshida K, Atsuta M. Hardness development of dual-cured resin cements through different thicknesses of ceramics. Dent Mater J 2006;25(1):132-137.
- Ilie N, Hickel R. Correlation between ceramics translucency and polymerization efficiency through ceramics. Dent Mater 2008;24(7):908-914.
- Valentino TA, Borges GA, Borges LH, Vishal J, Martins LR, Correr-Sobrinho L. Dual resin cement knoop hardness after different activation modes through dental ceramics. Braz Dent J 2010;21(2):104-110.
- Uhl A, Sigusch BW, Jandt KD. Second generation LEDs for the polymerization of oral biomaterials. Dent Mater 2004;20(1):80-87.
- El-Mowafy O, El-Badrawy W, Wasef M, Omar H, Kermanshahi S. Efficacy of new LED light-curing units in hardening of Class II composite restorations. J Can Dent Assoc 2007;73(3):253-257.
- Oberholzer TG, Pameijer CH, Grobler SR, Rossouw RJ. Effect of power density on shrinkage of dental resin materials. Oper Dent, 2003; 28(5): 622-627.
- Burgess JO, Walker RS, Porche CJ, Rappold AJ. Light curing-an update. Compend Contin Educ Dent, 2002; 23(10): 889-892.
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | İngilizce |
|---|---|
| Bölüm | Araştırmalar / Original Articles |
| Yazarlar | |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 1 Nisan 2015 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2015 Cilt: 49 Sayı: 2 |