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The effectiveness of medication therapy management services in the care of hypertensive patients in a developing setting

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 27 Sayı: 1, 454 - 463, 28.06.2025

Ivan Eduku Mozu Afia Frimpomaa Asare Marfo Mercy Opare-addo David Teeny Doma-her Frances Thelma Owusu-daaku

Öz

Chronic diseases such as hypertension and diabetes have become a significant public health problem yet most patients on medications have their blood pressure uncontrolled. There is the need for feasible and affordable health improvement methods for primary prevention and effective management. Medication Therapy Management seeks to optimize medicine use, identify and resolve medication related issues and improves clinical outcomes. This study sought to assess the role of medication therapy management in the resolution of medication related problems and blood pressure control among patients with hypertension. This was a quasi-experimental study carried out in the hypertension clinic of Wenchi Methodist Hospital, Ghana. A total of 94 hypertensive patients were followed for seven months. Clinical outcomes measured were blood pressure and the number of drug related problems. One hundred and thirty medication related issues were identified throughout out the study period. The commonest medication related issues were associated with drug use problems (37, 28.5%). Prescribers and patients accepted 115 (88.5%) and 114 (87.7%) interventions respectively. Reductions in the mean systolic blood pressure, the number of medication related issues with respect to drug choice, drug use and dosing at the end of the study in the study group were significant. The Medication Therapy Management services offered by the pharmacist improved blood pressure control, identification, and resolution of medication related issues. These services could be adopted as part of routine services in the management of patients with chronic diseases in hospitals in developing countries.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Medication Therapy Management Hypertension Pharmacist Pharmaceutical Care Chronic diseases Medication Related Issues

Kaynakça

  • [1] American College of Clinical Pharmacy, “Clinical Pharmacy Practice Model Description of Model Key Elements Steps,” 2012.
  • [2] Anderson, E. J., Rhys Axon, D., Taylor, A. M., Towers, V., Warholak, T., Johnson, M., Forbes, S., & Manygoats, T. (2021). Corrigendum to “Impact evaluation of a four-year academic-community partnership in provision of medication management and tertiary prevention services for rural patients with diabetes and/or hypertension” preventive medicine reports 17 (2020): 101,038 (Preventive Medicine Reports (2020) 17, (S2211335519302098), (10.1016/j.pmedr.2019.101038)). Preventive Medicine Reports, 21(January) [CrossRef]
  • [3] Atibila, F., Hoor, G. ten, Donkoh, E. T., Wahab, A. I., & Kok, G. (2021). Prevalence of hypertension in Ghanaian society: a systematic review, meta-analysis, and GRADE assessment. Systematic Reviews, 10(1), 1–15. [CrossRef]
  • [4] Bosu, W. K., & Bosu, D. K. (2021). Prevalence, awareness and control of hypertension in Ghana: A systematic review and meta-analysis. In PLoS ONE (Vol. 16, Issue 3 March). Public Library of Science. [CrossRef]
  • [5] Charan, J., & Biswas, T. (2013). How to calculate sample size for different study designs in medical research? Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine, 35(2), 121–126. [CrossRef]
  • [6] De Oliveira, D. R., Brummel, A. R., & Miller, D. B. (2020). Medication therapy management: 10 Years of experience in a large integrated health care system. Journal of Managed Care and Specialty Pharmacy, 26(9), 1057–1066. [CrossRef]
  • [7] Eichenberger Patrick, L. M. K. I. V. M. F. H. K. (2010). Classification of drug related problems with new prescription using a modified PCNE classifcation system . Pharmacy World &Science , 32, 362–272.
  • [8] Foundation, P. C. N. E. (2003). PCNE Classification for Drug related problems.
  • [9] Gad, M., Lord, J., Chalkidou, K., Asare, B., Lutterodt, M. G., & Ruiz, F. (2019). Supporting the Development of Evidence-Informed Policy Options: An Economic Evaluation of Hypertension Management in Ghana. Value in Health, 1–9. [CrossRef]
  • [10] Hunt, K., Adamson, J., Hewitt, C., & Nazareth, I. (2011). Do women consult more than men? A review of gender and consultation for back pain and headache. Journal of Health Services Research & Policy, 16(2), 108–117. [CrossRef]
  • [11] Hypertension. https://www.who.int/health-topics/hypertension/(Accessed December 12, 2019 )
  • [12] Lee, J. K., Grace, K. A., & Taylor, A. J. (2006). Effect of a Pharmacy Care Program on Medication Adherence and Persistence, Blood Pressure, and Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol A Randomized Controlled Trial. [CrossRef]
  • [13] Lemay, G. (2012). Medication therapy management in community pharmacy practice. Medicine and Health, Rhode Island, 95(9), 281–282.
  • [14] Medication Therapy Management (MTM) | APhA Foundation. https://www.aphafoundation.org/medication-therapy-management (Accessed September 4, 2022)
  • [15] Negash, Z., Berha, A. B., Shibeshi, W., Ahmed, A., Woldu, M. A., & Engidawork, E. (2021). Impact of medication therapy management service on selected clinical and humanistic outcomes in the ambulatory diabetes patients of Tikur Anbessa Specialist Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. PLoS ONE, 16(6 June), 1–18. [CrossRef]
  • [16] Nyarko, S. H., Osei, E., Komesuor, J., & Ananga, M. K. (2017). Prevalence and Predictors of Hypertension History among Ghanaian Men. Ghana Journal of Geography, 9(3), 50–63.
  • [17] Pharmaceutical Care Network (2003). PCNE Classification for Drug Related Problems
  • [18] Planas, L. G., Crosby, K. M., Mitchell, K. D., & Farmer, K. C. (2009). Evaluation of a hypertension medication therapy management program in patients with diabetes. Journal of the American Pharmacists Association, 49(2), 164–170. [CrossRef]
  • [19] Priya, K., Sreshta, M., & Philip, S. (2021). Cost-saving medication therapy management for outpatients. Perspectives in Clinical Research, 12(1), 14–20. [CrossRef]
  • [20] Sharrel L. Pinto, Jinender Kumar, Gautam Partha, and R. A. B. (2014). Pharmacist-Provided Medication Therapy Management (MTM) Program Impacts Outcomes for Employees with Diabetes. Population Health Management, VOL. 17.
  • [21] Thompson, A. E., Anisimowicz, Y., Miedema, B., Hogg, W., Wodchis, W. P., & Aubrey-Bassler, K. (2016). The influence of gender and other patient characteristics on health care-seeking behaviour: A QUALICOPC study. BMC Family Practice, 17(1). [CrossRef]
  • [22] Tilton, J. J., Edakkunnathu, M. G., Moran, K. M., Markel Vaysman, A., DaPisa, J. L., Goen, B. M., & Touchette, D. R. (2019). Impact of a Medication Therapy Management Clinic on Glycosylated Hemoglobin, Blood Pressure, and Resource Utilization. In Annals of Pharmacotherapy (Vol. 53, Issue 1, pp. 13–20). [CrossRef]
  • [23] Wittayanukorn, S., Westrick, S. C., Hansen, R. A., Billor, N., Braxton-Lloyd, K., Fox, B. I., & Garza, K. B. (2013). Evaluation of medication therapy management services for patients with cardiovascular disease in a self-insured employer health plan. Journal of Managed Care Pharmacy, 19(5), 385–395. [CrossRef]
  • [24] Yimama, M., Jarso, H., & Desse, T. A. (2018). Determinants of drug-related problems among ambulatory type 2 diabetes patients with hypertension comorbidity in Southwest Ethiopia: A prospective cross sectional study 11 Medical and Health Sciences 1103 Clinical Sciences. BMC Research Notes, 11(1), 1–6. [CrossRef]
  • [25] Zhou, B., Carrillo-Larco, R. M., Danaei, G., Riley, L. M., Paciorek, C. J., Stevens, G. A., Gregg, E. W., Bennett, J. E., Solomon, B., Singleton, R. K., Sophiea, M. K., Iurilli, M. L., Lhoste, V. P., Cowan, M. J., Savin, S., Woodward, M., Balanova, Y., Cifkova, R., Damasceno, A., … Ezzati, M. (2021). Worldwide trends in hypertension prevalence and progress in treatment and control from 1990 to 2019: a pooled analysis of 1201 population-representative studies with 104 million participants. The Lancet, 398(10304), 957–980. [CrossRef]

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 27 Sayı: 1, 454 - 463, 28.06.2025

Ivan Eduku Mozu Afia Frimpomaa Asare Marfo Mercy Opare-addo David Teeny Doma-her Frances Thelma Owusu-daaku

Öz

Kaynakça

  • [1] American College of Clinical Pharmacy, “Clinical Pharmacy Practice Model Description of Model Key Elements Steps,” 2012.
  • [2] Anderson, E. J., Rhys Axon, D., Taylor, A. M., Towers, V., Warholak, T., Johnson, M., Forbes, S., & Manygoats, T. (2021). Corrigendum to “Impact evaluation of a four-year academic-community partnership in provision of medication management and tertiary prevention services for rural patients with diabetes and/or hypertension” preventive medicine reports 17 (2020): 101,038 (Preventive Medicine Reports (2020) 17, (S2211335519302098), (10.1016/j.pmedr.2019.101038)). Preventive Medicine Reports, 21(January) [CrossRef]
  • [3] Atibila, F., Hoor, G. ten, Donkoh, E. T., Wahab, A. I., & Kok, G. (2021). Prevalence of hypertension in Ghanaian society: a systematic review, meta-analysis, and GRADE assessment. Systematic Reviews, 10(1), 1–15. [CrossRef]
  • [4] Bosu, W. K., & Bosu, D. K. (2021). Prevalence, awareness and control of hypertension in Ghana: A systematic review and meta-analysis. In PLoS ONE (Vol. 16, Issue 3 March). Public Library of Science. [CrossRef]
  • [5] Charan, J., & Biswas, T. (2013). How to calculate sample size for different study designs in medical research? Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine, 35(2), 121–126. [CrossRef]
  • [6] De Oliveira, D. R., Brummel, A. R., & Miller, D. B. (2020). Medication therapy management: 10 Years of experience in a large integrated health care system. Journal of Managed Care and Specialty Pharmacy, 26(9), 1057–1066. [CrossRef]
  • [7] Eichenberger Patrick, L. M. K. I. V. M. F. H. K. (2010). Classification of drug related problems with new prescription using a modified PCNE classifcation system . Pharmacy World &Science , 32, 362–272.
  • [8] Foundation, P. C. N. E. (2003). PCNE Classification for Drug related problems.
  • [9] Gad, M., Lord, J., Chalkidou, K., Asare, B., Lutterodt, M. G., & Ruiz, F. (2019). Supporting the Development of Evidence-Informed Policy Options: An Economic Evaluation of Hypertension Management in Ghana. Value in Health, 1–9. [CrossRef]
  • [10] Hunt, K., Adamson, J., Hewitt, C., & Nazareth, I. (2011). Do women consult more than men? A review of gender and consultation for back pain and headache. Journal of Health Services Research & Policy, 16(2), 108–117. [CrossRef]
  • [11] Hypertension. https://www.who.int/health-topics/hypertension/(Accessed December 12, 2019 )
  • [12] Lee, J. K., Grace, K. A., & Taylor, A. J. (2006). Effect of a Pharmacy Care Program on Medication Adherence and Persistence, Blood Pressure, and Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol A Randomized Controlled Trial. [CrossRef]
  • [13] Lemay, G. (2012). Medication therapy management in community pharmacy practice. Medicine and Health, Rhode Island, 95(9), 281–282.
  • [14] Medication Therapy Management (MTM) | APhA Foundation. https://www.aphafoundation.org/medication-therapy-management (Accessed September 4, 2022)
  • [15] Negash, Z., Berha, A. B., Shibeshi, W., Ahmed, A., Woldu, M. A., & Engidawork, E. (2021). Impact of medication therapy management service on selected clinical and humanistic outcomes in the ambulatory diabetes patients of Tikur Anbessa Specialist Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. PLoS ONE, 16(6 June), 1–18. [CrossRef]
  • [16] Nyarko, S. H., Osei, E., Komesuor, J., & Ananga, M. K. (2017). Prevalence and Predictors of Hypertension History among Ghanaian Men. Ghana Journal of Geography, 9(3), 50–63.
  • [17] Pharmaceutical Care Network (2003). PCNE Classification for Drug Related Problems
  • [18] Planas, L. G., Crosby, K. M., Mitchell, K. D., & Farmer, K. C. (2009). Evaluation of a hypertension medication therapy management program in patients with diabetes. Journal of the American Pharmacists Association, 49(2), 164–170. [CrossRef]
  • [19] Priya, K., Sreshta, M., & Philip, S. (2021). Cost-saving medication therapy management for outpatients. Perspectives in Clinical Research, 12(1), 14–20. [CrossRef]
  • [20] Sharrel L. Pinto, Jinender Kumar, Gautam Partha, and R. A. B. (2014). Pharmacist-Provided Medication Therapy Management (MTM) Program Impacts Outcomes for Employees with Diabetes. Population Health Management, VOL. 17.
  • [21] Thompson, A. E., Anisimowicz, Y., Miedema, B., Hogg, W., Wodchis, W. P., & Aubrey-Bassler, K. (2016). The influence of gender and other patient characteristics on health care-seeking behaviour: A QUALICOPC study. BMC Family Practice, 17(1). [CrossRef]
  • [22] Tilton, J. J., Edakkunnathu, M. G., Moran, K. M., Markel Vaysman, A., DaPisa, J. L., Goen, B. M., & Touchette, D. R. (2019). Impact of a Medication Therapy Management Clinic on Glycosylated Hemoglobin, Blood Pressure, and Resource Utilization. In Annals of Pharmacotherapy (Vol. 53, Issue 1, pp. 13–20). [CrossRef]
  • [23] Wittayanukorn, S., Westrick, S. C., Hansen, R. A., Billor, N., Braxton-Lloyd, K., Fox, B. I., & Garza, K. B. (2013). Evaluation of medication therapy management services for patients with cardiovascular disease in a self-insured employer health plan. Journal of Managed Care Pharmacy, 19(5), 385–395. [CrossRef]
  • [24] Yimama, M., Jarso, H., & Desse, T. A. (2018). Determinants of drug-related problems among ambulatory type 2 diabetes patients with hypertension comorbidity in Southwest Ethiopia: A prospective cross sectional study 11 Medical and Health Sciences 1103 Clinical Sciences. BMC Research Notes, 11(1), 1–6. [CrossRef]
  • [25] Zhou, B., Carrillo-Larco, R. M., Danaei, G., Riley, L. M., Paciorek, C. J., Stevens, G. A., Gregg, E. W., Bennett, J. E., Solomon, B., Singleton, R. K., Sophiea, M. K., Iurilli, M. L., Lhoste, V. P., Cowan, M. J., Savin, S., Woodward, M., Balanova, Y., Cifkova, R., Damasceno, A., … Ezzati, M. (2021). Worldwide trends in hypertension prevalence and progress in treatment and control from 1990 to 2019: a pooled analysis of 1201 population-representative studies with 104 million participants. The Lancet, 398(10304), 957–980. [CrossRef]
Toplam 25 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Klinik Eczacılık ve Eczacılık Uygulaması
Bölüm Articles
Yazarlar

Ivan Eduku Mozu 0000-0001-9214-9678

Afia Frimpomaa Asare Marfo 0000-0002-1921-7301

Mercy Opare-addo 0000-0002-2660-2582

David Teeny Doma-her 0000-0002-9253-0193

Frances Thelma Owusu-daaku 0000-0002-4753-4443

Yayımlanma Tarihi 28 Haziran 2025
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2023 Cilt: 27 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Mozu, I. E., Marfo, A. F. A., Opare-addo, M., Doma-her, D. T., vd. (2025). The effectiveness of medication therapy management services in the care of hypertensive patients in a developing setting. Journal of Research in Pharmacy, 27(1), 454-463.
AMA Mozu IE, Marfo AFA, Opare-addo M, Doma-her DT, Owusu-daaku FT. The effectiveness of medication therapy management services in the care of hypertensive patients in a developing setting. J. Res. Pharm. Haziran 2025;27(1):454-463.
Chicago Mozu, Ivan Eduku, Afia Frimpomaa Asare Marfo, Mercy Opare-addo, David Teeny Doma-her, ve Frances Thelma Owusu-daaku. “The Effectiveness of Medication Therapy Management Services in the Care of Hypertensive Patients in a Developing Setting”. Journal of Research in Pharmacy 27, sy. 1 (Haziran 2025): 454-63.
EndNote Mozu IE, Marfo AFA, Opare-addo M, Doma-her DT, Owusu-daaku FT (01 Haziran 2025) The effectiveness of medication therapy management services in the care of hypertensive patients in a developing setting. Journal of Research in Pharmacy 27 1 454–463.
IEEE I. E. Mozu, A. F. A. Marfo, M. Opare-addo, D. T. Doma-her, ve F. T. Owusu-daaku, “The effectiveness of medication therapy management services in the care of hypertensive patients in a developing setting”, J. Res. Pharm., c. 27, sy. 1, ss. 454–463, 2025.
ISNAD Mozu, Ivan Eduku vd. “The Effectiveness of Medication Therapy Management Services in the Care of Hypertensive Patients in a Developing Setting”. Journal of Research in Pharmacy 27/1 (Haziran 2025), 454-463.
JAMA Mozu IE, Marfo AFA, Opare-addo M, Doma-her DT, Owusu-daaku FT. The effectiveness of medication therapy management services in the care of hypertensive patients in a developing setting. J. Res. Pharm. 2025;27:454–463.
MLA Mozu, Ivan Eduku vd. “The Effectiveness of Medication Therapy Management Services in the Care of Hypertensive Patients in a Developing Setting”. Journal of Research in Pharmacy, c. 27, sy. 1, 2025, ss. 454-63.
Vancouver Mozu IE, Marfo AFA, Opare-addo M, Doma-her DT, Owusu-daaku FT. The effectiveness of medication therapy management services in the care of hypertensive patients in a developing setting. J. Res. Pharm. 2025;27(1):454-63.