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Evaluation of antidiabetic potential and protective effects of Acioa barteri against biochemical changes in alloxaninduced diabetic rats

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 27 Sayı: 6, 2294 - 2309, 28.06.2025

Robert Ikechukwu Uroko Chinedu Aguwamba Eberechi Lolly Mbanaso Benedict Chidozie Umezurike Elisha Uko Ogwo Chinonso Friday Aaron Paul Chukweumaka Nweje-anyalowu Mercylyn Ezinne Uche

Öz

Acioa barteri is a medicinal plant commonly known as Monkey fruit that grows in the tropical rain forests in many countries in West Africa. The plant extracts are useful in traditional medicine against diverse diseases and medical conditions. This study evaluated the antidiabetic and protective effect of Acioa barteri extract (EEABL) against biochemical changes in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. The lethal dose of EEABL was evaluated using standard procedure. Antidiabetic and protective properties of EEABL were evaluated using sixty mature male albino rats selected into six groups containing ten rats each. Group 1 was the normal control rats without alloxan-induction but received 2mL/kg of normal saline. Groups 2 – 6 were rats induced diabetes by the intraperitoneal administration of 150 mg/kg alloxan-monohydrate dissolved in normal saline. Group 2 was the diabetic control, and group 3 was treated with 3 mg/kg Glibenclamide. Groups 4, 5, and 6 were treated with 200, 400, and 800 mg/kg EEABL, respectively for 28 days. The results of the acute toxicity study of EEABL showed that it has a lethal dose (LD50) value above 5000 mg/kg. The phytochemical study showed that EEABL contains alkaloids (96.89±0.42 mg/100g), flavonoids (105.98±1.73 mg/kg), and phenols (77.58±0.29 mg/kg) in high concentrations. While tannins (13.13±0.43 mg/100g) and terpenes (18.24±0.78 mg/100g) were detected in moderate concentration in EEABL, cardiac glycoside (10.39±0.20 mg/100g), steroids (8.28±0.19 mg/100g) and saponins (6.34±0.19 mg/100g) were found to be present in low concentrations. Treatment with EEABL lowered blood glucose, urea, and creatinine significantly in the alloxan-induced diabetic rats compared to the diabetic control. Treatment with EEABL also improved haematological parameters, antioxidant vitamins (B12, B6, B2, C, and E), serum electrolytes, and lipid profile in the alloxan-induced diabetic rats compared to the diabetic control. This study revealed that EEABL has antidiabetic effects and confers protection against biochemical changes in alloxan-induced diabetic rats.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Acioa barteri antioxidant vitamins hyperglycaemia lipid profile phytochemicals renal functions.

Kaynakça

  • [1] Shaw CS, Clark J, Wagenmakers JM. Effect of exercise and nutrition on intramuscular fat metabolism and insulin sensitivity. Annu Rev Nutr. 2010; 30: 13–34. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.nutr.012809.104817
  • [2] Khana MF, Rawat AK, Khatoonc S, Hussain MK, Mishra A, Negi DS. In vitro and in vivo antidiabetic effect of extracts of Melia azedarach, Zanthoxylum alatum, and Tanacetum nubigenum. Integr Med Res. 2018; 7: 176–183. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.imr.2018.03.004
  • [3] Sy GY, Cissé A, Nongonierma RB, Sarr M, Mbodj NA, Faye B. Hypoglycaemic and antidiabetic activity of acetonic extract of Vernonia colorata leaves in normoglycaemic and alloxan-induced diabetic rats. J Ethnopharmacol. 2005; 98(1–2): 171–175. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2005.01.024
  • [4] Krentz AJ, Bailey CJ. Oral antidiabetic agents: current role in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Drugs. 2005; 65(3): 385–411. https://doi.org/10.2165/00003495-200565030-00005
  • [5] Alam S, Sarker MMR, Sultana TN, et al. Antidiabetic phytochemicals from medicinal plants: Prospective candidates for new drug discovery and development. Front Endocrinol. 2022; 13: 800714. https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2022.800714
  • [6] Semenya SS, Tshisikhawe MP, Potgieter MJ. Invasive alien plant species: A case study of their use in the Thulamela local municipality, Limpopo province, South Africa. Sci Res Ess. 2012; 7: 2363–2369. https://doi.org/10.5897/SRE11.2075
  • [7] Adeniji K, Amusan O, Dlamini P, Enow-Orock E. Traditional medicine and pharmacopoeia contribution to ethnobotanical and floristic studies in Swaziland. The Scientific, Technical and Research Commission of the Organisation of African Unity (OAU/STRC). 2000; 23(4): 207.
  • [8] Diallo A, Marston C, Terreaux Y, et al. Screening of Malian medicinal plants for antifungal, larvicidal, molluscicidal, antioxidant and radical scavenging activities. Phytother Res. 2001; 15(5): 401–406. https://doi.org/10.1002/ptr.738
  • [9] Aloh GS, Obeagu EI, Kanu SN, et al. Effects of methanol extract of Acioa barteri on hepatocellular damage and lipid profile of albino rat. Eur J Biomed Pharm Sci. 2015; 2(1): 573–588.
  • [10] Herbert U, Iwuji TC. Semen characteristics and libido of rabbit bucks fed diets containing Garcinia kola seed meal. Proc 17th Int Congr Anim Reprod (ICAR). Vancouver, Canada; 2012: 47: 611–612.
  • [11] Anyanwu OO, Barikor GT, Okoye FBC. Preliminary phytochemical and acute toxicity studies of methanol leaf extract of Acioa barteri. Open Access J Pharm Res. 2020; 4(1): 000194. https://doi.org/10.23880/oajpr-16000194
  • [12] Shahwar D, Ullah S, Ahmad M, et al. Hypoglycemic activity of Ruellia tuberosa Linn (Acanthaceae) in normal and alloxan-induced diabetic rabbits. Iran J Pharm Sci. 2011; 7(2): 107–115.
  • [13] Xiao J, Capanoglu E, Jassbi AR, Miron A. Advance on the flavonoid C-glycosides and health benefits. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2016; 56(1): 29–45. https://doi.org/10.1080/10408398.2015.1067595
  • [14] Amirkia V, Heinrich M. Alkaloids as drug leads: A predictive structural and biodiversity-based analysis. Phytochem Lett. 2014; 10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phytol.2014.06.015
  • [15] Subhan N, Burrows GE, Kerr PG, Obied HK. Chapter 9: Phytochemistry, Ethnomedicine, and Pharmacology of Acacia. In: Atta-ur-Rahman, ed. Studies in Natural Products Chemistry. Vol. 57. Amsterdam: Elsevier; 2018: 247–326.
  • [16] Ullah A, Munir S, Badshah SL, et al. Important flavonoids and their role as a therapeutic agent. Molecules. 2020; 25(22): 5243. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules25225243
  • [17] Ezembu EN, Okolo CA, Obiegbuna J, Ikeogu F. Acute toxicity and antidiabetic activity of Asystacia gangetica leaf ethanol extract. Food Sci Nutr. 2019; 50(1): 179–196. https://doi.org/10.1108/NFS-11-2018-0329
  • [18] Kifle ZD, Abdelwuhab M, Melak AD, et al. Pharmacological evaluation of medicinal plants with antidiabetic activities in Ethiopia: A review. Metab Open. 2022; 13: 100174. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.metop.2022.100174
  • [19] Malviya N, Jain S, Malviya S. Antidiabetic potential of medicinal plants. Acta Pol Pharm. 2010; 67(2): 113–118.
  • [20] Milosevic D, Panin VL. Relationship between hematological parameters and glycemic control in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus patients. J Med Biochem. 2019; 38(2): 164–171. https://doi.org/10.2478/jomb-2018-0021
  • [21] Ghoshal K, Bhattacharyya M. Overview of platelet physiology: Its hemostatic and nonhemostatic role in disease pathogenesis. Sci World J. 2014; 2014: 781857. https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/781857
  • [22] Antwi-Baffour S, Kyeremeh R, Boateng SO, et al. Haematological parameters and lipid profile abnormalities among patients with type-2 diabetes mellitus in Ghana. Lipids Health Dis. 2018; 17: 283. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12944-018-0926-y
  • [23] Arkew M, Yemane T, Mengistu Y, et al. Hematological parameters of type 2 diabetic adult patients at Debre Berhan Referral Hospital, Northeast Ethiopia: A comparative cross-sectional study. PLoS One. 2021; 16(6): e0253286. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0253286
  • [24] Santhosh V, Gomathi DM, Khadeja-Bi A, et al. Study of serum electrolytes in type 2 diabetes mellitus individuals in rural tertiary care hospital in Kancheepuram District. Biomed Pharmacol J. 2021; 14(2). https://doi.org/10.13005/bpj/2171
  • [25] Khanduker S, Ahmed R, Khondker F, et al. Electrolyte disturbances in patients with Diabetes Mellitus. Bangladesh J Med Biochem. 2018; 10(1): 27–35. https://doi.org/10.3329/bjmb.v10i1.36698
  • [26] Khan SR, Ayub N, Nawab S, Shamsi TS. Triglyceride profile in dyslipidaemia of type 2 diabetes mellitus. J Coll Phys Surg Pak. 2008; 18(5): 270–273.
  • [27] Toussaint ND, Pedagogos E, Tan SJ, et al. Phosphate in early chronic kidney disease: Associations with clinical outcomes and a target to reduce cardiovascular risk. Nephrology (Carlton). 2012; 17: 433–444. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1797.2012.01618.x
  • [28] Amartey NA, Nsiah K, Mensah FO. Plasma levels of uric acid, urea and creatinine in diabetics at Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana. J Clin Diagn Res. 2015; 9(2): BC05–9. https://doi.org/10.7860/JCDR/2015/10905.5530
  • [29] Kumsa K, Tesaka W, Mengistu W, et al. Prevalence and determinants of impaired serum creatinine and urea among type 2 diabetic patients of Jimma Medical Center. Endocr Metab Sci. 2021; 3: 100096. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.endmts.2021.100096
  • [30] Korrapati MC, Shaner BE, Neely BA, et al. Diabetes-induced renal injury in rats is attenuated by suramin. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2012; 343(1): 34–43. https://doi.org/10.1124/jpet.112.196964
  • [31] Fox CS, Golden SH, Anderson C, et al. Update on prevention of cardiovascular disease in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Circulation. 2015; 38(9): 1777–1803. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIR.0000000000000230
  • [32] Elinasri HA, Ahmed AM. Patterns of lipid changes among type 2 diabetes patients in Sudan. East Mediterr Health J. 2008; 14(2): 314–324.
  • [33] Duraipandiyan V, Al-Dhabi NA, Irudayaraj SS, Sunils C. Hypolipidemic activity of friedelin isolated from Azima tetracantha in hyperlipidemic rats. Rev Bras Farmacog. 2016; 26(1): 89–93. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjp.2015.07.025
  • [34] Azam K, Rasheed MA, Omer MO, et al. Anti-hyperlipidemic and antidiabetic evaluation of ethanolic leaf extract of Catharanthus roseus. Braz J Pharm Sci. 2022; 58: e18672. https://doi.org/10.1590/s2175-97902020000118672
  • [35] Uroko RI, Anyiam PC, Uhuo EN, Ajah O. Combined ethanol extract of Spermacoce radiata and Hypselodelphys poggeana prevents renal damage and dyslipidemia in rats. J Med Herb. 2021; 12(4): 43–52. https://doi.org/10.30495/MEDHERB.2021.688096
  • [36] Harborne JB. Textbook of Phytochemical Methods: A Guide to Modern Techniques of Plant Analysis. 5th ed. London: Chapman and Hall Ltd; 1998: 21–72.
  • [37] Lorke D. A new approach to practical acute toxicity testing. Arch Toxicol. 1983; 54: 275–287. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01234480
  • [38] Tietz NW. Clinical Guide to Laboratory Tests. 3rd ed. Philadelphia, PA: WB Saunders Company; 1995: 286–288.
  • [39] Parveen S, Yasmin A, Khan KM. Quantitative simultaneous estimation of water-soluble vitamins by HPLC. Open Anal Chem J. 2009; 3: 1–5. https://doi.org/10.2174/1874065000903010001
  • [40] Petteys BJ, Frank EL. Rapid determination of vitamin B2 (riboflavin) in plasma by HPLC. Clin Chim Acta. 2011; 412(1–2): 38–43. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cca.2010.08.037
  • [41] Ochei J, Kolhatkar A. Medical Laboratory Science: Theory and Practices. Tata McGraw-Hill; 2008: 311–347.

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 27 Sayı: 6, 2294 - 2309, 28.06.2025

Robert Ikechukwu Uroko Chinedu Aguwamba Eberechi Lolly Mbanaso Benedict Chidozie Umezurike Elisha Uko Ogwo Chinonso Friday Aaron Paul Chukweumaka Nweje-anyalowu Mercylyn Ezinne Uche

Öz

Kaynakça

  • [1] Shaw CS, Clark J, Wagenmakers JM. Effect of exercise and nutrition on intramuscular fat metabolism and insulin sensitivity. Annu Rev Nutr. 2010; 30: 13–34. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.nutr.012809.104817
  • [2] Khana MF, Rawat AK, Khatoonc S, Hussain MK, Mishra A, Negi DS. In vitro and in vivo antidiabetic effect of extracts of Melia azedarach, Zanthoxylum alatum, and Tanacetum nubigenum. Integr Med Res. 2018; 7: 176–183. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.imr.2018.03.004
  • [3] Sy GY, Cissé A, Nongonierma RB, Sarr M, Mbodj NA, Faye B. Hypoglycaemic and antidiabetic activity of acetonic extract of Vernonia colorata leaves in normoglycaemic and alloxan-induced diabetic rats. J Ethnopharmacol. 2005; 98(1–2): 171–175. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2005.01.024
  • [4] Krentz AJ, Bailey CJ. Oral antidiabetic agents: current role in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Drugs. 2005; 65(3): 385–411. https://doi.org/10.2165/00003495-200565030-00005
  • [5] Alam S, Sarker MMR, Sultana TN, et al. Antidiabetic phytochemicals from medicinal plants: Prospective candidates for new drug discovery and development. Front Endocrinol. 2022; 13: 800714. https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2022.800714
  • [6] Semenya SS, Tshisikhawe MP, Potgieter MJ. Invasive alien plant species: A case study of their use in the Thulamela local municipality, Limpopo province, South Africa. Sci Res Ess. 2012; 7: 2363–2369. https://doi.org/10.5897/SRE11.2075
  • [7] Adeniji K, Amusan O, Dlamini P, Enow-Orock E. Traditional medicine and pharmacopoeia contribution to ethnobotanical and floristic studies in Swaziland. The Scientific, Technical and Research Commission of the Organisation of African Unity (OAU/STRC). 2000; 23(4): 207.
  • [8] Diallo A, Marston C, Terreaux Y, et al. Screening of Malian medicinal plants for antifungal, larvicidal, molluscicidal, antioxidant and radical scavenging activities. Phytother Res. 2001; 15(5): 401–406. https://doi.org/10.1002/ptr.738
  • [9] Aloh GS, Obeagu EI, Kanu SN, et al. Effects of methanol extract of Acioa barteri on hepatocellular damage and lipid profile of albino rat. Eur J Biomed Pharm Sci. 2015; 2(1): 573–588.
  • [10] Herbert U, Iwuji TC. Semen characteristics and libido of rabbit bucks fed diets containing Garcinia kola seed meal. Proc 17th Int Congr Anim Reprod (ICAR). Vancouver, Canada; 2012: 47: 611–612.
  • [11] Anyanwu OO, Barikor GT, Okoye FBC. Preliminary phytochemical and acute toxicity studies of methanol leaf extract of Acioa barteri. Open Access J Pharm Res. 2020; 4(1): 000194. https://doi.org/10.23880/oajpr-16000194
  • [12] Shahwar D, Ullah S, Ahmad M, et al. Hypoglycemic activity of Ruellia tuberosa Linn (Acanthaceae) in normal and alloxan-induced diabetic rabbits. Iran J Pharm Sci. 2011; 7(2): 107–115.
  • [13] Xiao J, Capanoglu E, Jassbi AR, Miron A. Advance on the flavonoid C-glycosides and health benefits. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2016; 56(1): 29–45. https://doi.org/10.1080/10408398.2015.1067595
  • [14] Amirkia V, Heinrich M. Alkaloids as drug leads: A predictive structural and biodiversity-based analysis. Phytochem Lett. 2014; 10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phytol.2014.06.015
  • [15] Subhan N, Burrows GE, Kerr PG, Obied HK. Chapter 9: Phytochemistry, Ethnomedicine, and Pharmacology of Acacia. In: Atta-ur-Rahman, ed. Studies in Natural Products Chemistry. Vol. 57. Amsterdam: Elsevier; 2018: 247–326.
  • [16] Ullah A, Munir S, Badshah SL, et al. Important flavonoids and their role as a therapeutic agent. Molecules. 2020; 25(22): 5243. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules25225243
  • [17] Ezembu EN, Okolo CA, Obiegbuna J, Ikeogu F. Acute toxicity and antidiabetic activity of Asystacia gangetica leaf ethanol extract. Food Sci Nutr. 2019; 50(1): 179–196. https://doi.org/10.1108/NFS-11-2018-0329
  • [18] Kifle ZD, Abdelwuhab M, Melak AD, et al. Pharmacological evaluation of medicinal plants with antidiabetic activities in Ethiopia: A review. Metab Open. 2022; 13: 100174. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.metop.2022.100174
  • [19] Malviya N, Jain S, Malviya S. Antidiabetic potential of medicinal plants. Acta Pol Pharm. 2010; 67(2): 113–118.
  • [20] Milosevic D, Panin VL. Relationship between hematological parameters and glycemic control in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus patients. J Med Biochem. 2019; 38(2): 164–171. https://doi.org/10.2478/jomb-2018-0021
  • [21] Ghoshal K, Bhattacharyya M. Overview of platelet physiology: Its hemostatic and nonhemostatic role in disease pathogenesis. Sci World J. 2014; 2014: 781857. https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/781857
  • [22] Antwi-Baffour S, Kyeremeh R, Boateng SO, et al. Haematological parameters and lipid profile abnormalities among patients with type-2 diabetes mellitus in Ghana. Lipids Health Dis. 2018; 17: 283. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12944-018-0926-y
  • [23] Arkew M, Yemane T, Mengistu Y, et al. Hematological parameters of type 2 diabetic adult patients at Debre Berhan Referral Hospital, Northeast Ethiopia: A comparative cross-sectional study. PLoS One. 2021; 16(6): e0253286. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0253286
  • [24] Santhosh V, Gomathi DM, Khadeja-Bi A, et al. Study of serum electrolytes in type 2 diabetes mellitus individuals in rural tertiary care hospital in Kancheepuram District. Biomed Pharmacol J. 2021; 14(2). https://doi.org/10.13005/bpj/2171
  • [25] Khanduker S, Ahmed R, Khondker F, et al. Electrolyte disturbances in patients with Diabetes Mellitus. Bangladesh J Med Biochem. 2018; 10(1): 27–35. https://doi.org/10.3329/bjmb.v10i1.36698
  • [26] Khan SR, Ayub N, Nawab S, Shamsi TS. Triglyceride profile in dyslipidaemia of type 2 diabetes mellitus. J Coll Phys Surg Pak. 2008; 18(5): 270–273.
  • [27] Toussaint ND, Pedagogos E, Tan SJ, et al. Phosphate in early chronic kidney disease: Associations with clinical outcomes and a target to reduce cardiovascular risk. Nephrology (Carlton). 2012; 17: 433–444. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1797.2012.01618.x
  • [28] Amartey NA, Nsiah K, Mensah FO. Plasma levels of uric acid, urea and creatinine in diabetics at Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana. J Clin Diagn Res. 2015; 9(2): BC05–9. https://doi.org/10.7860/JCDR/2015/10905.5530
  • [29] Kumsa K, Tesaka W, Mengistu W, et al. Prevalence and determinants of impaired serum creatinine and urea among type 2 diabetic patients of Jimma Medical Center. Endocr Metab Sci. 2021; 3: 100096. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.endmts.2021.100096
  • [30] Korrapati MC, Shaner BE, Neely BA, et al. Diabetes-induced renal injury in rats is attenuated by suramin. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2012; 343(1): 34–43. https://doi.org/10.1124/jpet.112.196964
  • [31] Fox CS, Golden SH, Anderson C, et al. Update on prevention of cardiovascular disease in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Circulation. 2015; 38(9): 1777–1803. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIR.0000000000000230
  • [32] Elinasri HA, Ahmed AM. Patterns of lipid changes among type 2 diabetes patients in Sudan. East Mediterr Health J. 2008; 14(2): 314–324.
  • [33] Duraipandiyan V, Al-Dhabi NA, Irudayaraj SS, Sunils C. Hypolipidemic activity of friedelin isolated from Azima tetracantha in hyperlipidemic rats. Rev Bras Farmacog. 2016; 26(1): 89–93. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjp.2015.07.025
  • [34] Azam K, Rasheed MA, Omer MO, et al. Anti-hyperlipidemic and antidiabetic evaluation of ethanolic leaf extract of Catharanthus roseus. Braz J Pharm Sci. 2022; 58: e18672. https://doi.org/10.1590/s2175-97902020000118672
  • [35] Uroko RI, Anyiam PC, Uhuo EN, Ajah O. Combined ethanol extract of Spermacoce radiata and Hypselodelphys poggeana prevents renal damage and dyslipidemia in rats. J Med Herb. 2021; 12(4): 43–52. https://doi.org/10.30495/MEDHERB.2021.688096
  • [36] Harborne JB. Textbook of Phytochemical Methods: A Guide to Modern Techniques of Plant Analysis. 5th ed. London: Chapman and Hall Ltd; 1998: 21–72.
  • [37] Lorke D. A new approach to practical acute toxicity testing. Arch Toxicol. 1983; 54: 275–287. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01234480
  • [38] Tietz NW. Clinical Guide to Laboratory Tests. 3rd ed. Philadelphia, PA: WB Saunders Company; 1995: 286–288.
  • [39] Parveen S, Yasmin A, Khan KM. Quantitative simultaneous estimation of water-soluble vitamins by HPLC. Open Anal Chem J. 2009; 3: 1–5. https://doi.org/10.2174/1874065000903010001
  • [40] Petteys BJ, Frank EL. Rapid determination of vitamin B2 (riboflavin) in plasma by HPLC. Clin Chim Acta. 2011; 412(1–2): 38–43. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cca.2010.08.037
  • [41] Ochei J, Kolhatkar A. Medical Laboratory Science: Theory and Practices. Tata McGraw-Hill; 2008: 311–347.
Toplam 41 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Eczacılık ve İlaç Bilimleri (Diğer)
Bölüm Articles
Yazarlar

Robert Ikechukwu Uroko 0000-0002-6154-3477

Chinedu Aguwamba 0000-0002-6007-9705

Eberechi Lolly Mbanaso 0000-0001-6992-9254

Benedict Chidozie Umezurike 0000-0002-3297-9589

Elisha Uko Ogwo 0000-0002-5600-2780

Chinonso Friday Aaron 0009-0004-4070-5475

Paul Chukweumaka Nweje-anyalowu 0000-0003-3605-6463

Mercylyn Ezinne Uche 0000-0002-0755-444X

Yayımlanma Tarihi 28 Haziran 2025
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2023 Cilt: 27 Sayı: 6

Kaynak Göster

APA Uroko, R. I., Aguwamba, C., Mbanaso, E. L., Umezurike, B. C., vd. (2025). Evaluation of antidiabetic potential and protective effects of Acioa barteri against biochemical changes in alloxaninduced diabetic rats. Journal of Research in Pharmacy, 27(6), 2294-2309.
AMA Uroko RI, Aguwamba C, Mbanaso EL, Umezurike BC, Uko Ogwo E, Aaron CF, Nweje-anyalowu PC, Uche ME. Evaluation of antidiabetic potential and protective effects of Acioa barteri against biochemical changes in alloxaninduced diabetic rats. J. Res. Pharm. Temmuz 2025;27(6):2294-2309.
Chicago Uroko, Robert Ikechukwu, Chinedu Aguwamba, Eberechi Lolly Mbanaso, Benedict Chidozie Umezurike, Elisha Uko Ogwo, Chinonso Friday Aaron, Paul Chukweumaka Nweje-anyalowu, ve Mercylyn Ezinne Uche. “Evaluation of Antidiabetic Potential and Protective Effects of Acioa Barteri Against Biochemical Changes in Alloxaninduced Diabetic Rats”. Journal of Research in Pharmacy 27, sy. 6 (Temmuz 2025): 2294-2309.
EndNote Uroko RI, Aguwamba C, Mbanaso EL, Umezurike BC, Uko Ogwo E, Aaron CF, Nweje-anyalowu PC, Uche ME (01 Temmuz 2025) Evaluation of antidiabetic potential and protective effects of Acioa barteri against biochemical changes in alloxaninduced diabetic rats. Journal of Research in Pharmacy 27 6 2294–2309.
IEEE R. I. Uroko, C. Aguwamba, E. L. Mbanaso, B. C. Umezurike, E. Uko Ogwo, C. F. Aaron, P. C. Nweje-anyalowu, ve M. E. Uche, “Evaluation of antidiabetic potential and protective effects of Acioa barteri against biochemical changes in alloxaninduced diabetic rats”, J. Res. Pharm., c. 27, sy. 6, ss. 2294–2309, 2025.
ISNAD Uroko, Robert Ikechukwu vd. “Evaluation of Antidiabetic Potential and Protective Effects of Acioa Barteri Against Biochemical Changes in Alloxaninduced Diabetic Rats”. Journal of Research in Pharmacy 27/6 (Temmuz 2025), 2294-2309.
JAMA Uroko RI, Aguwamba C, Mbanaso EL, Umezurike BC, Uko Ogwo E, Aaron CF, Nweje-anyalowu PC, Uche ME. Evaluation of antidiabetic potential and protective effects of Acioa barteri against biochemical changes in alloxaninduced diabetic rats. J. Res. Pharm. 2025;27:2294–2309.
MLA Uroko, Robert Ikechukwu vd. “Evaluation of Antidiabetic Potential and Protective Effects of Acioa Barteri Against Biochemical Changes in Alloxaninduced Diabetic Rats”. Journal of Research in Pharmacy, c. 27, sy. 6, 2025, ss. 2294-09.
Vancouver Uroko RI, Aguwamba C, Mbanaso EL, Umezurike BC, Uko Ogwo E, Aaron CF, Nweje-anyalowu PC, Uche ME. Evaluation of antidiabetic potential and protective effects of Acioa barteri against biochemical changes in alloxaninduced diabetic rats. J. Res. Pharm. 2025;27(6):2294-309.