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Phytochemical studies of Helichrysum armenium subsp. armenium and its antioxidant, acetylcholinesterase, and antimicrobial activities

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 28 Sayı: 3, 630 - 637, 28.06.2025

Nurdan Kekeç Turgut Taşkın , Dicle Naz Ağar , Berna Özbek Çelik , Şükran Kültür , Sevda Süzgeç Selçuk

Öz

Helichrysum armenium subsp. armenium plant was extracted with the Soxhlet apparatus. The obtained extract was fractionated and, respectively, AHB (petroleum ether–60% ethanol-chloroform), AHC (ethanol-toluene), AHD (ethanol-chloroform), and AHE (ethanol-ethylacetate) extracts were obtained. Then, antimicrobial, antioxidant, and acetylcholinesterase activity studies were performed on these extracts. In this study, with the using the LC-HRMS method from the aerial parts of Helichrysum armenium subsp. armenium, the flavonoids: apigenin, apigenin 7-glucoside, apigenin 7-methylate, luteolin 7-glucoside, kaempferol, quercetin, quercitrin, (+)-trans taxifolin, (-)-epicatechin gallate, sinensetin, rutin, 3'-o-methyl quercetin, hispidulin, chrysin, acacetin, genkwanin, chrysoeriol; the phenolic acids: chlorogenic acid, ascorbic acid, fumaric acid, caffeic acid, salicylic acid, caffeic acid phenethyl ester, emodin, vanilic acid; the alkaloid: caffeine and the saponoside; glycyrrhizic acid were obtained.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Helichrysum armenium subsp. armenium phenolic compounds antioxidant acetylcolinesterase antimicrobial LC-HRMS

Kaynakça

  • [1] Davis PH. Flora of Turkey and the Easy Aeagen Islands, V. Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh, England 1975.
  • [2] Davis PH, Mill RR, Tan K. Flora of Turkey and the Easy Aeagen Islands, X. Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh, England 1988.
  • [3] Erik S. Helichrysum Gaertner. In: Güner A, Özhatay N, Ekim T, Baser KHC. (Eds). Flora of Turkey and the Easy Aeagen Islands, XI. Edinburgh University Press, Inc., Edinburgh, 2000, pp. 153–154.
  • [4] Kupicha FK. Helichrysum Gaertner. In: Davis PH. (Eds). Flora of Turkey and the Easy Aeagen Islands, V. Edinburgh University Press, Inc., Edinburgh, 1975, pp. 80–97.
  • [5] Baytop T. A Dictionary of Vernacular Names of Wild Plants of Turkey, Türk Dil Kurumu, Ankara, Turkey 1994.
  • [6] Tuzlacı E. Türkiye Bitkileri Sözlüğü, second ed., Alfa Yayınları, İstanbul, Turkey 2006.
  • [7] Bisset NG, Wichtl M. Herbal Drugs and Phytopharmaceuticals: A Handbook for Practice on a Scientific Basis, CRS Press, Boca Raton, USA 1994.
  • [8] Lindemann G. Teerezepte, Verlag Tibor Maczell Publishers, München, Germany 1973.
  • [9] Baytop T. Türkiye'de Bitkiler ile Tedavi (Geçmişte ve Bugün), 2.Baskı, Nobel Tip Kitabevleri, Istanbul, Turkey 1999.
  • [10] Sezik E, Aslan M. Chemical composition of the volatile oil of Helichrysum plicatum D.C. ssp. plicatum. J Fac Pharm. Gazi Univ. 2000; 17: 95-98.
  • [11] Çubukcu B. Helichrysum species as choleretic and cholagogue crude drugs. ACTA Pharmaceutica Turcica. 2002; 44: 3.
  • [12] Baimuk-Hamedov MA, Nikonov GK. Helichrysum maracandicum N. Pop. ex Kirp. Helichrysum sp. Asteraceae. In: Ethnobotany of the mountain regions of central Asia and Altai. 2020; 1-6. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-77087-1_68-1
  • [13] Aslan M, Orhan DD, Orhan N, Sezik E, Yeşilada E. In vivo antidiabetic and antioxidant potential of Helichrysum plicatum ssp. plicatum capitulums in streptozotocin-induced-diabetic rats. J Ethnopharmacol. 2007; 109(1): 54-59. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2006.07.001
  • [14] Sala A, Recio MC, Giner RM, Mánez S, Tournier H, Schinella G, Rios JL. Anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties of Helichrysum italicum, J Pharm Pharmacol. 2002; 54: 365-371. https://doi.org/10.1211/0022357021778600
  • [15] Süzgeç Selçuk S, Birteksöz S. Flavonoids of Helichrysum chasmolycicum and their antioxidant and antimicrobial activity. South Afr J Bot. 2011; 77: 170-174. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sajb.2010.07.017
  • [16] Meyer JJM, Afolayan AJ, Taylor MB, Erasmus D. Antiviral activity of galangin isolated from the aerial parts of Helichrysum aureonitens. J Ethnopharmacol. 1997; 56: 165-169. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-8741(97)01514-6
  • [17] Lall N, Hussein AA, Meyer JJM. Antiviral and antituberculous activity of Helichrysum melanacme constituents. Fitoterapia. 2006; 77: 230-232. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fitote.2006.01.007
  • [18] Van Vuuren SF, Viljoen AM, Van Zyl. RL, Van Heerden FR, Başer KHC. The antimicrobial, antimalarial and toxicity profiles of helihumulone, leaf essential oil and extracts of Helichrysum cymosum (L.) D. Don subsp. cymosum. South Afr J Bot. 2006; 72: 287-290. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sajb.2005.07.007
  • [19] Rigano D, Formisano C, Senatore F, Piacente S, Pagano E, Capasso R, Borrelli F, Izzo AA. Intestinal antispazmodic effects of Helichrysum italicum (Roth) Don ssp. italicum and chemical identification of the active ingredients. J Ethnopharmacol. 2013; 150: 901-906. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2013.09.034
  • [20] Matić IZ, Aljančić I, Žižac Z, Vajs V, Jadrain M, Milosavljević S, Juranić Z. In vitro antitumor actions of extracts from endemic plant H. zivojinii. BMC Complem Altern M. 2013; 13: 36-47. https://doi.org/10.1186%2F1472-6882-13-36
  • [21] Jakupovic J, Kuhnke J, Schuster A, Metwally MA, Bohlmann F. Phloroglucinol derivatives and other constituents from South African Helichrysum species. Phytochemistry. 1986; 25: 1133–1142. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)81569-1
  • [22] Lourens ACU, Viljoen AM, Van Herden FR. South African Helichrysum species: A review of the traditional uses, biological activity and phytochemistry. J Ethnopharmacol. 2008; 119: 630–652. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2008.06.011
  • [23] Süzgeç S, Meriçli AH, Houghton PJ, Çubukçu B. Flavonoids of Helichrysum compactum and their antioxidant and anti-bacterial activity. Fitoterapia. 2005; 76: 269-272. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fitote.2004.12.006
  • [24] Aydin T. Secondary metabolites of Helichrysum plicatum DC. subsp. plicatum flowers as strong carbonic anhydrase, cholinesterase and α-glycosidase inhibitors. Z Naturforsch C J Biosci. 2020; 75(5-6): 153-159. https://doi.org/10.1515/znc-2020-0026
  • [25] Albayrak S, Aksoy A, Sagdic O, Hamzaoglu E. Compositions, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of Helichrysum (Asteraceae) species collected from Turkey. Food Chem. 2010; 119(1): 114-122. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2009.06.003
  • [26] Bojilov DG, Manolov SP, Ivanov II, Mollova SL. Investigation of antioxidant activity of different extracts of Helichrysum italicum from Bulgaria. Mater Methods Technol. 2019; 13: 241-249.
  • [27] Alov P, Tsakovska I, Pajeva I. Computational studies of free radical-scavenging properties of phenolic compounds. Curr Top Med Chem. 2015; 15(2): 85-104. https://doi.org/10.2174/1568026615666141209143702
  • [28] Mathew S, Abraham TE, Zakaria ZA. Reactivity of phenolic compounds towards free radicals under in vitro conditions. J Food Sci Technol. 2015; 52: 5790-5798. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13197-014-1704-0
  • [29] Buttigieg A, Lia F. Determination of phenolic and antioxidant activity of Helichrysum melitense Extract. MCAST J Appl Res Pract. 2021; 5(2): 120-131. https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0015.5942
  • [30] Kaya E. Helichrysum plicatum çiçeklerinin su, etanol, aseton, kloroform ve hekzan ekstrelerinin antioksidan aktivitelerinin belirlenmesi. Osmaniye Korkut Ata Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi. 2022; 5(2): 840-849. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7213-3601
  • [31] Nebrigić V, Kljakić AC, Zengin G, Terzić M, Mašković P, Radojković M. Effects of extraction and drying techniques on the chemical composition and biological activities of Helichrysum italicum. Process Biochem. 2023; 130: 96-104. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procbio.2023.04.002
  • [32] Lourens ACU, Van Vuuren SF, Viljoen AM, Davids H, Van Heerden FR. Antimicrobial activity and in vitro cytotoxicity of selected South African Helichrysum species. South Afr J Bot. 2011; 77(1): 229-235. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sajb.2010.05.006
  • [33] Vujić B, Vidaković V, Jadranin M, Novaković I, Trifunović S, Tešević V, Mandić B. Composition, antioxidant potential, and antimicrobial activity of Helichrysum plicatum DC. various extracts. Plants. 2020; 9(3): 337. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants9030337
  • [34] Großkinsky DK, Naseem M, Abdelmohsen UR, Plickert N, Engelke T, Griebel T, Roitsch T. Cytokinins mediate resistance against Pseudomonas syringae in tobacco through increased antimicrobial phytoalexin synthesis independent of salicylic acid signaling. Plant Physiol. 2011; 157(2): 815-830. https://doi.org/10.1104/pp.111.182931
  • [35] Wei A, Shibamoto T. Antioxidant/lipoxygenase inhibitory activities and chemical compositions of selected essential oils. J Agric Food Chem. 2010; 58(12): 7218-7225. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf101077s
  • [36] Apak R, Güçlü K, Özyürek M, Karademir SE. Novel total antioxidant capacity index for dietary polyphenols and vitamins C and E, using their cupric ion reducing capability in the presence of neocuproine: CUPRAC method. J Agric Food Chem. 2004; 52(26): 7970-7981. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf048741x
  • [37] Taşkın H, Süfer Ö, Attar ŞH, Bozok F, Baktemur G, Büyükalaca S, Kafkas NE. Total phenolics, antioxidant activities and fatty acid profiles of six Morchella species. J Food Sci Technol. 2021;58(2):692-700. https://doi.org/10.1007%2Fs13197-020-04583-3
  • [38] Sembiring EN, Elya B, Sauriasari R. Phytochemical screening, total flavonoid and total phenolic content and antioxidant activity of different parts of Caesalpinia bonduc (L.) Roxb. Pharmacog J. 2018; 10(1). https://doi.org/10.5530/pj.2018.1.22
  • [39] Ellman GL, Courtney KD, Andres Jr V, Featherstone RMA. New and rapid colorimetric determination of acetylcholinesterase activity. Biochem Pharmacol. 1961; 7(2): 88-95. https://doi.org/10.1016/0006-2952(61)90145-9
  • [40] Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI). Methods for dilution antimicrobial susceptibility tests for bacteria that grow aerobically: approved standard M7-A10. Wayne, Pennsylvania, 2015.
  • [41] Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI). Reference method for broth dilution antifungal susceptbility testing of yeasts; approved standart M27-A3, third ed., Wayne, Pennsylvania, 2008.

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 28 Sayı: 3, 630 - 637, 28.06.2025

Nurdan Kekeç Turgut Taşkın , Dicle Naz Ağar , Berna Özbek Çelik , Şükran Kültür , Sevda Süzgeç Selçuk

Öz

Kaynakça

  • [1] Davis PH. Flora of Turkey and the Easy Aeagen Islands, V. Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh, England 1975.
  • [2] Davis PH, Mill RR, Tan K. Flora of Turkey and the Easy Aeagen Islands, X. Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh, England 1988.
  • [3] Erik S. Helichrysum Gaertner. In: Güner A, Özhatay N, Ekim T, Baser KHC. (Eds). Flora of Turkey and the Easy Aeagen Islands, XI. Edinburgh University Press, Inc., Edinburgh, 2000, pp. 153–154.
  • [4] Kupicha FK. Helichrysum Gaertner. In: Davis PH. (Eds). Flora of Turkey and the Easy Aeagen Islands, V. Edinburgh University Press, Inc., Edinburgh, 1975, pp. 80–97.
  • [5] Baytop T. A Dictionary of Vernacular Names of Wild Plants of Turkey, Türk Dil Kurumu, Ankara, Turkey 1994.
  • [6] Tuzlacı E. Türkiye Bitkileri Sözlüğü, second ed., Alfa Yayınları, İstanbul, Turkey 2006.
  • [7] Bisset NG, Wichtl M. Herbal Drugs and Phytopharmaceuticals: A Handbook for Practice on a Scientific Basis, CRS Press, Boca Raton, USA 1994.
  • [8] Lindemann G. Teerezepte, Verlag Tibor Maczell Publishers, München, Germany 1973.
  • [9] Baytop T. Türkiye'de Bitkiler ile Tedavi (Geçmişte ve Bugün), 2.Baskı, Nobel Tip Kitabevleri, Istanbul, Turkey 1999.
  • [10] Sezik E, Aslan M. Chemical composition of the volatile oil of Helichrysum plicatum D.C. ssp. plicatum. J Fac Pharm. Gazi Univ. 2000; 17: 95-98.
  • [11] Çubukcu B. Helichrysum species as choleretic and cholagogue crude drugs. ACTA Pharmaceutica Turcica. 2002; 44: 3.
  • [12] Baimuk-Hamedov MA, Nikonov GK. Helichrysum maracandicum N. Pop. ex Kirp. Helichrysum sp. Asteraceae. In: Ethnobotany of the mountain regions of central Asia and Altai. 2020; 1-6. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-77087-1_68-1
  • [13] Aslan M, Orhan DD, Orhan N, Sezik E, Yeşilada E. In vivo antidiabetic and antioxidant potential of Helichrysum plicatum ssp. plicatum capitulums in streptozotocin-induced-diabetic rats. J Ethnopharmacol. 2007; 109(1): 54-59. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2006.07.001
  • [14] Sala A, Recio MC, Giner RM, Mánez S, Tournier H, Schinella G, Rios JL. Anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties of Helichrysum italicum, J Pharm Pharmacol. 2002; 54: 365-371. https://doi.org/10.1211/0022357021778600
  • [15] Süzgeç Selçuk S, Birteksöz S. Flavonoids of Helichrysum chasmolycicum and their antioxidant and antimicrobial activity. South Afr J Bot. 2011; 77: 170-174. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sajb.2010.07.017
  • [16] Meyer JJM, Afolayan AJ, Taylor MB, Erasmus D. Antiviral activity of galangin isolated from the aerial parts of Helichrysum aureonitens. J Ethnopharmacol. 1997; 56: 165-169. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-8741(97)01514-6
  • [17] Lall N, Hussein AA, Meyer JJM. Antiviral and antituberculous activity of Helichrysum melanacme constituents. Fitoterapia. 2006; 77: 230-232. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fitote.2006.01.007
  • [18] Van Vuuren SF, Viljoen AM, Van Zyl. RL, Van Heerden FR, Başer KHC. The antimicrobial, antimalarial and toxicity profiles of helihumulone, leaf essential oil and extracts of Helichrysum cymosum (L.) D. Don subsp. cymosum. South Afr J Bot. 2006; 72: 287-290. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sajb.2005.07.007
  • [19] Rigano D, Formisano C, Senatore F, Piacente S, Pagano E, Capasso R, Borrelli F, Izzo AA. Intestinal antispazmodic effects of Helichrysum italicum (Roth) Don ssp. italicum and chemical identification of the active ingredients. J Ethnopharmacol. 2013; 150: 901-906. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2013.09.034
  • [20] Matić IZ, Aljančić I, Žižac Z, Vajs V, Jadrain M, Milosavljević S, Juranić Z. In vitro antitumor actions of extracts from endemic plant H. zivojinii. BMC Complem Altern M. 2013; 13: 36-47. https://doi.org/10.1186%2F1472-6882-13-36
  • [21] Jakupovic J, Kuhnke J, Schuster A, Metwally MA, Bohlmann F. Phloroglucinol derivatives and other constituents from South African Helichrysum species. Phytochemistry. 1986; 25: 1133–1142. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)81569-1
  • [22] Lourens ACU, Viljoen AM, Van Herden FR. South African Helichrysum species: A review of the traditional uses, biological activity and phytochemistry. J Ethnopharmacol. 2008; 119: 630–652. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2008.06.011
  • [23] Süzgeç S, Meriçli AH, Houghton PJ, Çubukçu B. Flavonoids of Helichrysum compactum and their antioxidant and anti-bacterial activity. Fitoterapia. 2005; 76: 269-272. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fitote.2004.12.006
  • [24] Aydin T. Secondary metabolites of Helichrysum plicatum DC. subsp. plicatum flowers as strong carbonic anhydrase, cholinesterase and α-glycosidase inhibitors. Z Naturforsch C J Biosci. 2020; 75(5-6): 153-159. https://doi.org/10.1515/znc-2020-0026
  • [25] Albayrak S, Aksoy A, Sagdic O, Hamzaoglu E. Compositions, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of Helichrysum (Asteraceae) species collected from Turkey. Food Chem. 2010; 119(1): 114-122. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2009.06.003
  • [26] Bojilov DG, Manolov SP, Ivanov II, Mollova SL. Investigation of antioxidant activity of different extracts of Helichrysum italicum from Bulgaria. Mater Methods Technol. 2019; 13: 241-249.
  • [27] Alov P, Tsakovska I, Pajeva I. Computational studies of free radical-scavenging properties of phenolic compounds. Curr Top Med Chem. 2015; 15(2): 85-104. https://doi.org/10.2174/1568026615666141209143702
  • [28] Mathew S, Abraham TE, Zakaria ZA. Reactivity of phenolic compounds towards free radicals under in vitro conditions. J Food Sci Technol. 2015; 52: 5790-5798. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13197-014-1704-0
  • [29] Buttigieg A, Lia F. Determination of phenolic and antioxidant activity of Helichrysum melitense Extract. MCAST J Appl Res Pract. 2021; 5(2): 120-131. https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0015.5942
  • [30] Kaya E. Helichrysum plicatum çiçeklerinin su, etanol, aseton, kloroform ve hekzan ekstrelerinin antioksidan aktivitelerinin belirlenmesi. Osmaniye Korkut Ata Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi. 2022; 5(2): 840-849. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7213-3601
  • [31] Nebrigić V, Kljakić AC, Zengin G, Terzić M, Mašković P, Radojković M. Effects of extraction and drying techniques on the chemical composition and biological activities of Helichrysum italicum. Process Biochem. 2023; 130: 96-104. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procbio.2023.04.002
  • [32] Lourens ACU, Van Vuuren SF, Viljoen AM, Davids H, Van Heerden FR. Antimicrobial activity and in vitro cytotoxicity of selected South African Helichrysum species. South Afr J Bot. 2011; 77(1): 229-235. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sajb.2010.05.006
  • [33] Vujić B, Vidaković V, Jadranin M, Novaković I, Trifunović S, Tešević V, Mandić B. Composition, antioxidant potential, and antimicrobial activity of Helichrysum plicatum DC. various extracts. Plants. 2020; 9(3): 337. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants9030337
  • [34] Großkinsky DK, Naseem M, Abdelmohsen UR, Plickert N, Engelke T, Griebel T, Roitsch T. Cytokinins mediate resistance against Pseudomonas syringae in tobacco through increased antimicrobial phytoalexin synthesis independent of salicylic acid signaling. Plant Physiol. 2011; 157(2): 815-830. https://doi.org/10.1104/pp.111.182931
  • [35] Wei A, Shibamoto T. Antioxidant/lipoxygenase inhibitory activities and chemical compositions of selected essential oils. J Agric Food Chem. 2010; 58(12): 7218-7225. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf101077s
  • [36] Apak R, Güçlü K, Özyürek M, Karademir SE. Novel total antioxidant capacity index for dietary polyphenols and vitamins C and E, using their cupric ion reducing capability in the presence of neocuproine: CUPRAC method. J Agric Food Chem. 2004; 52(26): 7970-7981. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf048741x
  • [37] Taşkın H, Süfer Ö, Attar ŞH, Bozok F, Baktemur G, Büyükalaca S, Kafkas NE. Total phenolics, antioxidant activities and fatty acid profiles of six Morchella species. J Food Sci Technol. 2021;58(2):692-700. https://doi.org/10.1007%2Fs13197-020-04583-3
  • [38] Sembiring EN, Elya B, Sauriasari R. Phytochemical screening, total flavonoid and total phenolic content and antioxidant activity of different parts of Caesalpinia bonduc (L.) Roxb. Pharmacog J. 2018; 10(1). https://doi.org/10.5530/pj.2018.1.22
  • [39] Ellman GL, Courtney KD, Andres Jr V, Featherstone RMA. New and rapid colorimetric determination of acetylcholinesterase activity. Biochem Pharmacol. 1961; 7(2): 88-95. https://doi.org/10.1016/0006-2952(61)90145-9
  • [40] Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI). Methods for dilution antimicrobial susceptibility tests for bacteria that grow aerobically: approved standard M7-A10. Wayne, Pennsylvania, 2015.
  • [41] Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI). Reference method for broth dilution antifungal susceptbility testing of yeasts; approved standart M27-A3, third ed., Wayne, Pennsylvania, 2008.
Toplam 41 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Farmakognozi
Bölüm Articles
Yazarlar

Nurdan Kekeç 0009-0007-9997-0267

Turgut Taşkın 0000-0001-8475-6478

Dicle Naz Ağar 0000-0002-8165-8618

Berna Özbek Çelik 0000-0001-8909-8398

Şükran Kültür 0000-0001-9413-5210

Sevda Süzgeç Selçuk 0000-0002-1552-7521

Yayımlanma Tarihi 28 Haziran 2025
Gönderilme Tarihi 22 Aralık 2023
Kabul Tarihi 5 Nisan 2024
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2024 Cilt: 28 Sayı: 3

Kaynak Göster

APA Kekeç, N., Taşkın, T., Ağar, D. N., Özbek Çelik, B., vd. (2025). Phytochemical studies of Helichrysum armenium subsp. armenium and its antioxidant, acetylcholinesterase, and antimicrobial activities. Journal of Research in Pharmacy, 28(3), 630-637.
AMA Kekeç N, Taşkın T, Ağar DN, Özbek Çelik B, Kültür Ş, Süzgeç Selçuk S. Phytochemical studies of Helichrysum armenium subsp. armenium and its antioxidant, acetylcholinesterase, and antimicrobial activities. J. Res. Pharm. Haziran 2025;28(3):630-637.
Chicago Kekeç, Nurdan, Turgut Taşkın, Dicle Naz Ağar, Berna Özbek Çelik, Şükran Kültür, ve Sevda Süzgeç Selçuk. “Phytochemical Studies of Helichrysum Armenium Subsp. Armenium and Its Antioxidant, Acetylcholinesterase, and Antimicrobial Activities”. Journal of Research in Pharmacy 28, sy. 3 (Haziran 2025): 630-37.
EndNote Kekeç N, Taşkın T, Ağar DN, Özbek Çelik B, Kültür Ş, Süzgeç Selçuk S (01 Haziran 2025) Phytochemical studies of Helichrysum armenium subsp. armenium and its antioxidant, acetylcholinesterase, and antimicrobial activities. Journal of Research in Pharmacy 28 3 630–637.
IEEE N. Kekeç, T. Taşkın, D. N. Ağar, B. Özbek Çelik, Ş. Kültür, ve S. Süzgeç Selçuk, “Phytochemical studies of Helichrysum armenium subsp. armenium and its antioxidant, acetylcholinesterase, and antimicrobial activities”, J. Res. Pharm., c. 28, sy. 3, ss. 630–637, 2025.
ISNAD Kekeç, Nurdan vd. “Phytochemical Studies of Helichrysum Armenium Subsp. Armenium and Its Antioxidant, Acetylcholinesterase, and Antimicrobial Activities”. Journal of Research in Pharmacy 28/3 (Haziran 2025), 630-637.
JAMA Kekeç N, Taşkın T, Ağar DN, Özbek Çelik B, Kültür Ş, Süzgeç Selçuk S. Phytochemical studies of Helichrysum armenium subsp. armenium and its antioxidant, acetylcholinesterase, and antimicrobial activities. J. Res. Pharm. 2025;28:630–637.
MLA Kekeç, Nurdan vd. “Phytochemical Studies of Helichrysum Armenium Subsp. Armenium and Its Antioxidant, Acetylcholinesterase, and Antimicrobial Activities”. Journal of Research in Pharmacy, c. 28, sy. 3, 2025, ss. 630-7.
Vancouver Kekeç N, Taşkın T, Ağar DN, Özbek Çelik B, Kültür Ş, Süzgeç Selçuk S. Phytochemical studies of Helichrysum armenium subsp. armenium and its antioxidant, acetylcholinesterase, and antimicrobial activities. J. Res. Pharm. 2025;28(3):630-7.