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Yıl 2020, Cilt: 24 Sayı: 1, 100 - 111, 27.06.2025

A. Alper Öztürk , Abdurrahman Aygül

https://doi.org/10.35333/jrp.2020.115
Cited By: 6

Öz

Kaynakça

  • [1] Öztürk-Atar K, Eroğlu H, Çalış S. Novel advances in targeted drug delivery. J Drug Target. 2018; 26(8): 633-642. [CrossRef]
  • [2] Schulze J, Kuhn S, Hendrikx S, Schulz‐Siegmund M, Polte T, Aigner A. Spray‐dried nanoparticle‐in‐microparticle delivery systems (nimds) for gene delivery, comprising polyethylenimine (pei)‐based nanoparticles in a poly (vinyl alcohol) matrix. Small. 2018; 14(12): 1-8. [CrossRef]
  • [3] Öztürk AA, Yenilmez E, Yazan Y. Dexketoprofen trometamol-loaded Eudragit® RL 100 nanoparticle formulation, characterization and release kinetics. ACTA Pharm Sci. 2019; 57(1): 69-84. [CrossRef]
  • [4] Davis M, Walker G. Recent strategies in spray drying for the enhanced bioavailability of poorly water-soluble drugs. J Control Release. 2018; 269: 110-127. [CrossRef]
  • [5] Arpagaus C, Collenberg A, Rütti D, Assadpour E, Jafari SM. Nano spray drying for encapsulation of pharmaceuticals. Int J Pharm. 2018; 546(1-2): 194-214. [CrossRef]
  • [6] Öztürk AA, Yenilmez E, Arslan R, Şenel B, Yazan Y. Dexketoprofen trometamol-loaded Kollidon® SR and Eudragit® RS 100 polymeric nanoparticles: formulation and in vitro-in vivo evaluation. Lat Am J Pharm. 2017; 36(11): 2153-2165.
  • [7] Li X, Anton N, Arpagaus C, Belleteix F, Vandamme TF. Nanoparticles by spray drying using innovative new technology: The Büchi Nano Spray Dryer B-90. J Control Release. 2010; 147(2): 304-310. [CrossRef]
  • [8] Saharan P, Bahmani K, Saharan SP. Preparation, optimization and in vitro evaluation of glipizide nanoparticles integrated with Eudragit RS-100. Pharm Nanotech. 2019; 7(1): 72-85. [CrossRef]
  • [9] Katara R, Sachdeva S, Majumdar DK. Design, characterization, and evaluation of aceclofenac-loaded Eudragit RS 100 nanoparticulate system for ocular delivery. Pharm Dev Technol. 2019; 24(3): 368-379. [CrossRef]
  • [10] Chaudhry SB, Veve MP, Wagner JL. Cephalosporins: A focus on side chains and β-lactam cross-reactivity. Pharmacy. 2019; 7(3): 1-16. [CrossRef]
  • [11] Öztürk AA, Güven UM. Cefaclor monohydrate loaded microemulsion formulation for topical application: characterization with new developed UPLC method and stability study. J Res Pharm. 2019; 23(3): 426-440. [CrossRef]
  • [12] Kaur G, Grewal J, Jyoti K, Jain UK, Chandra R, Madan J. Oral controlled and sustained drug delivery systems: Concepts, advances, preclinical, and clinical status. In: Grumezescu Am (Ed). Drug Targeting and Stimuli Sensitive Drug Delivery Systems. William Andrew Publishing-Elsevier, United Kingdom, 2018, pp. 567-626. [CrossRef]
  • [13] https://www.scbt.com/p/cefaclor-monohydrate-70356-03-5 (accessed August 18, 2019)
  • [14] https://www.drugbank.ca/salts/DBSALT001804 (accessed August 18, 2019)
  • [15] Arpagaus C, John P, Collenberg A, Rütti D. Nanocapsules formation by nano spray drying. In: Nanoencapsulation technologies for the food and nutraceutical industries, Academic Press-Elsevier, United Kingdom, 2017, pp. 346-401. [CrossRef]
  • [16] Lee SH, Heng D, Ng WK, Chan HK, Tan RBH. Nano spray drying: a novel method for preparing protein nanoparticles for protein therapy. Int J Pharm. 2011; 403(1-2): 192-200. [CrossRef]
  • [17] Baba K, Nishida K. Calpain inhibitor nanocrystals prepared using Nano Spray Dryer B-90. Nanoscale Res Lett. 2012; 7(436): 1-9.
  • [18] Schmid K, Arpagus C, Friess W. Evaluation of the nano spray dreyer B-90 for pharmaceutical applications. Pharm Dev Technol. 2011; 16: 287-294. [CrossRef]
  • [19] Elmaskaya A, Öztürk AA, Büyükköroğlu G, Yenilmez E. Spray-dried ketoprofen lysine incorporated plga nanoparticles: formulation, characterization, evaluation and cyctotoxic profile. Ind J Pharm Sci. 2019; 81(4); 640-650.
  • [20] Öztürk AA, Aygül A, Şenel B. Influence of glyceryl behenate, tripalmitin and stearic acid on the properties of clarithromycin incorporated solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs): Formulation, characterization, antibacterial activity and cytotoxicity. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol. 2019; 54: 101240. [CrossRef]
  • [21] Gülsün T, Borna SE, Vural İ, Şahin S. Preparation and characterization of furosemide nanosuspensions. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol. 2018; 45; 93-100. [CrossRef]
  • 22] Öztürk AA, Kıyan HT. Treatment of oxidative stress-induced pain and inflammation with dexketoprofen trometamol loaded different molecular weight chitosan nanoparticles: Formulation, characterization and anti-inflammatory activity by using in vivo HET-CAM assay. Microvasc Res. 2020; 128: 103961 [CrossRef]
  • [23] Şenel B, Öztürk AA. New approaches to tumour therapy with siRNA-decorated and chitosan-modified PLGA nanoparticles. Drug Dev Ind Pharm. 2019; 45(11): 1835-1848. [CrossRef]
  • [24] Jafari SM, He Y, Bhandari B. Role of powder particle size on the encapsulation efficiency of oils during spray drying. Dry Technol. 2007; 25: 1091-1099. [CrossRef]
  • [25] Gülsün T, Akdağ Y, Izat N, Öner L, Şahin S. Effect of particle size and surfactant on the solubility, permeability and dissolution characteristics of deferasirox. J Res Pharm. 2019; 23(5): 851-859. [CrossRef]
  • [26] Öztürk AA, Yurtdaş Kırımlıoğlu G. Preparation and in vitro characterization of lamivudine loaded nanoparticles prepared by acid and/or ester terminated PLGA for effective oral anti-retroviral therapy. J Res Pharm. 2019; 23(5): 897-913. [CrossRef]
  • [27] Yılmaz Usta D, Demirtaş Ö, Ökçelik C, Uslu A, Teksin ZŞ. Evaluation of in vitro dissolution characteristics of flurbiprofen, a BCS Class IIa drug. FABAD J Pharm Sci. 2018; 43(2): 117-124.
  • [28] Chen YD, Liang ZY, Cen YY, Zhang H, Han MG, Tian YQ, Zhang J, Li SJ, Yang DS. Development of oral dispersible tablets containing prednisolone nanoparticles for the management of pediatric asthma. Drug Des Devel Ther. 2015; 9: 5815–5825. [CrossRef]
  • [29] Çetin M, Atilla A, Kadioglu Y. Formulation and in vitro characterization of Eudragit® L100 and Eudragit® L100- PLGA nanoparticles containing diclofenac sodium. AAPS PharmSciTech. 2010; 11(3): 1250-1256. [CrossRef]
  • [30] Yurtdaş Kırımlıoğlu G, Özer S, Büyükköroğlu G, Yazan Y. Formulation and in vitro evaluation of moxifloxacin hydrochloride-loaded polymeric nanoparticles for ocular application. Lat Am J Pharm. 2018; 37(9): 1850-1862.
  • [31] Ergin AD, Sezgin Bayındır Z, Yüksel N. Characterization and optimization of colon targeted S-adenosyl-Lmethionine loaded chitosan nanoparticles. J Res Pharm. 2019; 23(5): 914-926. [CrossRef]
  • [32] Siafaka P, Okur ME, Ayla Ş, Er S, Çağlar EŞ, Üstündağ Okur N. Design and characterization of nanocarriers loaded with levofloxacin for enhanced antimicrobial activity; physicochemical properties, in vitro release and oral acute toxicity. Braz J Pharm Sci. 2019; 55(3): 1-13. [CrossRef]
  • [33] Aksu B, Yurdasiper A, Ege MA, Üstündağ Okur N, Karasulu HY. Development and comparative evaluation of extended release indomethacin capsules. Afr J Pharm Pharmacol. 2013; 7(30): 2201-2209. [CrossRef]
  • [34] Üstündağ Okur N, Filippousi M, Okur ME, Ayla Ş, Çağlar EŞ, Yoltaş A, Siafaka PI. A novel approach for skin infections: Controlled release topical mats of poly(lactic acid)/poly(ethylene succinate) blends containing Voriconazole. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol. 2018; 46: 74-86. [CrossRef]
  • [35] Değim İT, Tuğcu Demiröz F, Tamer İlbasmış S, Acartürk F. Development of controlled release sildenafil formulations for vaginal administration. Drug Deliv. 2008; 15(4): 259-265. [CrossRef]
  • [36] Huang X, Brazel CS. On the importance and mechanisms of burst release in matrix-controlled drug delivery systems. J Control Release. 2001; 73(2-3): 121-136. [CrossRef]
  • [37] Wang L, Hu C, Shao L. The antimicrobial activity of nanoparticles: present situation and prospects for the future. Int J Nanomedicine. 2017; 12: 1227-1249. [CrossRef]
  • [38] Arasoğlu T, Derman S, Mansuroğlu B, Uzunoğlu D, Koçyiğit B, Gümüş B, Acar T, Tuncer B. Preparation, characterization, and enhanced antimicrobial activity: quercetin-loaded PLGA nanoparticles against foodborne pathogens. Turk J Biol. 2017; 41: 127-140. [CrossRef]
  • [39] Öztürk AA, Martin Banderas L, Cayero Otero MD, Yenilmez E, Yazan Y. New Approach to hypertension treatment: carvediol-loaded PLGA nanoparticles, preparation, in vitro characterization and gastrointestinal stability. Lat Am J Pharm. 2018; 37(9): 1730-1741.
  • [40] Öztürk AA, Çinar Nİ, Yenilmez E. Development of nano-sized ketoprofen lysine incorporated Eudragit® S100 nanomedicine by double emulsion solvent evaporation and in vitro characterization. J Pharm Pharmacogn Res. 2019; 7(1): 47–58.
  • [41] Öztürk AA, Martin-Banderas L, Cayero Otero MD, Yenilmez E, Şenel B, Yazan Y. Dexketoprofen trometamol-loaded poly-lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) nanoparticles: preparation, in vitro characterization and cyctotoxity. Trop J Pharm Res. 2019; 18(1): 1-11. [CrossRef]
  • [42] Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI). Methods for Dilution Antimicrobial Susceptibility Tests for Bacteria That Grow Aerobically, 11th ed. CLSI document M07.
  • [43] Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI), Methods for Determining Bactericidal Activity of Antimicrobial Agents. Approved Guideline, CLSI document M26-A.

Design of cefaclor monohydrate containing nanoparticles with extended antibacterial effect by nano-spray dryer: A nanoenglobing study

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 24 Sayı: 1, 100 - 111, 27.06.2025

A. Alper Öztürk , Abdurrahman Aygül

https://doi.org/10.35333/jrp.2020.115
Cited By: 6

Öz

Spray drying is an important method used in pharmaceutical product manufacturing for many years. The nano-spray dryer developed in recent years provides ultrafine powders at nanoscale and high product yields. In this study, which was aimed at prolonged release in oral use, nanoparticles-(NPs) were obtained by nanoenglobation of cefaclor monohydrate-(CEF) with Eudragit RS 100-(ERS) with the help of nano-spray drying method. The particle size (PS) of the blank formulation was 186 nm whereas PSs of CEF containing NPs were between 328 and 389 nm. The average PDI of all NP formulations were below 0.4 and all prepared NPs had a positive ZP value. The encapsulation efficiency values were a range of 78-84 %. In vitro release studies of NPs showed extended-release up to 24 hours after the first 3 hours of burst effect. The results showed that the release kinetics were fitted to the Korsmeyer-Peppas model. As a result, it was found that all pharmaceutical technology analysis results were affected by the solid concentration ratio in the feed dispersion. Antibacterial activity of NP formulations was determined by microdilution method. After minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) determination, time-dependent activity for NP-2 was investigated by the time-kill method. MIC value for NP-2 was 4-fold lower than MIC value of CEF for Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. No growth was observed for both bacteria with NP-2 during 18 hours incubation in the time-kill method. As a result, prolonged antibiotic release and long-term antibacterial activity were obtained by NP-2, the optimum formulation of our study.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Cefaclor monohydrate nano spray drying nanoenglobing nanoparticle antibacterial activity

Kaynakça

  • [1] Öztürk-Atar K, Eroğlu H, Çalış S. Novel advances in targeted drug delivery. J Drug Target. 2018; 26(8): 633-642. [CrossRef]
  • [2] Schulze J, Kuhn S, Hendrikx S, Schulz‐Siegmund M, Polte T, Aigner A. Spray‐dried nanoparticle‐in‐microparticle delivery systems (nimds) for gene delivery, comprising polyethylenimine (pei)‐based nanoparticles in a poly (vinyl alcohol) matrix. Small. 2018; 14(12): 1-8. [CrossRef]
  • [3] Öztürk AA, Yenilmez E, Yazan Y. Dexketoprofen trometamol-loaded Eudragit® RL 100 nanoparticle formulation, characterization and release kinetics. ACTA Pharm Sci. 2019; 57(1): 69-84. [CrossRef]
  • [4] Davis M, Walker G. Recent strategies in spray drying for the enhanced bioavailability of poorly water-soluble drugs. J Control Release. 2018; 269: 110-127. [CrossRef]
  • [5] Arpagaus C, Collenberg A, Rütti D, Assadpour E, Jafari SM. Nano spray drying for encapsulation of pharmaceuticals. Int J Pharm. 2018; 546(1-2): 194-214. [CrossRef]
  • [6] Öztürk AA, Yenilmez E, Arslan R, Şenel B, Yazan Y. Dexketoprofen trometamol-loaded Kollidon® SR and Eudragit® RS 100 polymeric nanoparticles: formulation and in vitro-in vivo evaluation. Lat Am J Pharm. 2017; 36(11): 2153-2165.
  • [7] Li X, Anton N, Arpagaus C, Belleteix F, Vandamme TF. Nanoparticles by spray drying using innovative new technology: The Büchi Nano Spray Dryer B-90. J Control Release. 2010; 147(2): 304-310. [CrossRef]
  • [8] Saharan P, Bahmani K, Saharan SP. Preparation, optimization and in vitro evaluation of glipizide nanoparticles integrated with Eudragit RS-100. Pharm Nanotech. 2019; 7(1): 72-85. [CrossRef]
  • [9] Katara R, Sachdeva S, Majumdar DK. Design, characterization, and evaluation of aceclofenac-loaded Eudragit RS 100 nanoparticulate system for ocular delivery. Pharm Dev Technol. 2019; 24(3): 368-379. [CrossRef]
  • [10] Chaudhry SB, Veve MP, Wagner JL. Cephalosporins: A focus on side chains and β-lactam cross-reactivity. Pharmacy. 2019; 7(3): 1-16. [CrossRef]
  • [11] Öztürk AA, Güven UM. Cefaclor monohydrate loaded microemulsion formulation for topical application: characterization with new developed UPLC method and stability study. J Res Pharm. 2019; 23(3): 426-440. [CrossRef]
  • [12] Kaur G, Grewal J, Jyoti K, Jain UK, Chandra R, Madan J. Oral controlled and sustained drug delivery systems: Concepts, advances, preclinical, and clinical status. In: Grumezescu Am (Ed). Drug Targeting and Stimuli Sensitive Drug Delivery Systems. William Andrew Publishing-Elsevier, United Kingdom, 2018, pp. 567-626. [CrossRef]
  • [13] https://www.scbt.com/p/cefaclor-monohydrate-70356-03-5 (accessed August 18, 2019)
  • [14] https://www.drugbank.ca/salts/DBSALT001804 (accessed August 18, 2019)
  • [15] Arpagaus C, John P, Collenberg A, Rütti D. Nanocapsules formation by nano spray drying. In: Nanoencapsulation technologies for the food and nutraceutical industries, Academic Press-Elsevier, United Kingdom, 2017, pp. 346-401. [CrossRef]
  • [16] Lee SH, Heng D, Ng WK, Chan HK, Tan RBH. Nano spray drying: a novel method for preparing protein nanoparticles for protein therapy. Int J Pharm. 2011; 403(1-2): 192-200. [CrossRef]
  • [17] Baba K, Nishida K. Calpain inhibitor nanocrystals prepared using Nano Spray Dryer B-90. Nanoscale Res Lett. 2012; 7(436): 1-9.
  • [18] Schmid K, Arpagus C, Friess W. Evaluation of the nano spray dreyer B-90 for pharmaceutical applications. Pharm Dev Technol. 2011; 16: 287-294. [CrossRef]
  • [19] Elmaskaya A, Öztürk AA, Büyükköroğlu G, Yenilmez E. Spray-dried ketoprofen lysine incorporated plga nanoparticles: formulation, characterization, evaluation and cyctotoxic profile. Ind J Pharm Sci. 2019; 81(4); 640-650.
  • [20] Öztürk AA, Aygül A, Şenel B. Influence of glyceryl behenate, tripalmitin and stearic acid on the properties of clarithromycin incorporated solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs): Formulation, characterization, antibacterial activity and cytotoxicity. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol. 2019; 54: 101240. [CrossRef]
  • [21] Gülsün T, Borna SE, Vural İ, Şahin S. Preparation and characterization of furosemide nanosuspensions. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol. 2018; 45; 93-100. [CrossRef]
  • 22] Öztürk AA, Kıyan HT. Treatment of oxidative stress-induced pain and inflammation with dexketoprofen trometamol loaded different molecular weight chitosan nanoparticles: Formulation, characterization and anti-inflammatory activity by using in vivo HET-CAM assay. Microvasc Res. 2020; 128: 103961 [CrossRef]
  • [23] Şenel B, Öztürk AA. New approaches to tumour therapy with siRNA-decorated and chitosan-modified PLGA nanoparticles. Drug Dev Ind Pharm. 2019; 45(11): 1835-1848. [CrossRef]
  • [24] Jafari SM, He Y, Bhandari B. Role of powder particle size on the encapsulation efficiency of oils during spray drying. Dry Technol. 2007; 25: 1091-1099. [CrossRef]
  • [25] Gülsün T, Akdağ Y, Izat N, Öner L, Şahin S. Effect of particle size and surfactant on the solubility, permeability and dissolution characteristics of deferasirox. J Res Pharm. 2019; 23(5): 851-859. [CrossRef]
  • [26] Öztürk AA, Yurtdaş Kırımlıoğlu G. Preparation and in vitro characterization of lamivudine loaded nanoparticles prepared by acid and/or ester terminated PLGA for effective oral anti-retroviral therapy. J Res Pharm. 2019; 23(5): 897-913. [CrossRef]
  • [27] Yılmaz Usta D, Demirtaş Ö, Ökçelik C, Uslu A, Teksin ZŞ. Evaluation of in vitro dissolution characteristics of flurbiprofen, a BCS Class IIa drug. FABAD J Pharm Sci. 2018; 43(2): 117-124.
  • [28] Chen YD, Liang ZY, Cen YY, Zhang H, Han MG, Tian YQ, Zhang J, Li SJ, Yang DS. Development of oral dispersible tablets containing prednisolone nanoparticles for the management of pediatric asthma. Drug Des Devel Ther. 2015; 9: 5815–5825. [CrossRef]
  • [29] Çetin M, Atilla A, Kadioglu Y. Formulation and in vitro characterization of Eudragit® L100 and Eudragit® L100- PLGA nanoparticles containing diclofenac sodium. AAPS PharmSciTech. 2010; 11(3): 1250-1256. [CrossRef]
  • [30] Yurtdaş Kırımlıoğlu G, Özer S, Büyükköroğlu G, Yazan Y. Formulation and in vitro evaluation of moxifloxacin hydrochloride-loaded polymeric nanoparticles for ocular application. Lat Am J Pharm. 2018; 37(9): 1850-1862.
  • [31] Ergin AD, Sezgin Bayındır Z, Yüksel N. Characterization and optimization of colon targeted S-adenosyl-Lmethionine loaded chitosan nanoparticles. J Res Pharm. 2019; 23(5): 914-926. [CrossRef]
  • [32] Siafaka P, Okur ME, Ayla Ş, Er S, Çağlar EŞ, Üstündağ Okur N. Design and characterization of nanocarriers loaded with levofloxacin for enhanced antimicrobial activity; physicochemical properties, in vitro release and oral acute toxicity. Braz J Pharm Sci. 2019; 55(3): 1-13. [CrossRef]
  • [33] Aksu B, Yurdasiper A, Ege MA, Üstündağ Okur N, Karasulu HY. Development and comparative evaluation of extended release indomethacin capsules. Afr J Pharm Pharmacol. 2013; 7(30): 2201-2209. [CrossRef]
  • [34] Üstündağ Okur N, Filippousi M, Okur ME, Ayla Ş, Çağlar EŞ, Yoltaş A, Siafaka PI. A novel approach for skin infections: Controlled release topical mats of poly(lactic acid)/poly(ethylene succinate) blends containing Voriconazole. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol. 2018; 46: 74-86. [CrossRef]
  • [35] Değim İT, Tuğcu Demiröz F, Tamer İlbasmış S, Acartürk F. Development of controlled release sildenafil formulations for vaginal administration. Drug Deliv. 2008; 15(4): 259-265. [CrossRef]
  • [36] Huang X, Brazel CS. On the importance and mechanisms of burst release in matrix-controlled drug delivery systems. J Control Release. 2001; 73(2-3): 121-136. [CrossRef]
  • [37] Wang L, Hu C, Shao L. The antimicrobial activity of nanoparticles: present situation and prospects for the future. Int J Nanomedicine. 2017; 12: 1227-1249. [CrossRef]
  • [38] Arasoğlu T, Derman S, Mansuroğlu B, Uzunoğlu D, Koçyiğit B, Gümüş B, Acar T, Tuncer B. Preparation, characterization, and enhanced antimicrobial activity: quercetin-loaded PLGA nanoparticles against foodborne pathogens. Turk J Biol. 2017; 41: 127-140. [CrossRef]
  • [39] Öztürk AA, Martin Banderas L, Cayero Otero MD, Yenilmez E, Yazan Y. New Approach to hypertension treatment: carvediol-loaded PLGA nanoparticles, preparation, in vitro characterization and gastrointestinal stability. Lat Am J Pharm. 2018; 37(9): 1730-1741.
  • [40] Öztürk AA, Çinar Nİ, Yenilmez E. Development of nano-sized ketoprofen lysine incorporated Eudragit® S100 nanomedicine by double emulsion solvent evaporation and in vitro characterization. J Pharm Pharmacogn Res. 2019; 7(1): 47–58.
  • [41] Öztürk AA, Martin-Banderas L, Cayero Otero MD, Yenilmez E, Şenel B, Yazan Y. Dexketoprofen trometamol-loaded poly-lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) nanoparticles: preparation, in vitro characterization and cyctotoxity. Trop J Pharm Res. 2019; 18(1): 1-11. [CrossRef]
  • [42] Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI). Methods for Dilution Antimicrobial Susceptibility Tests for Bacteria That Grow Aerobically, 11th ed. CLSI document M07.
  • [43] Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI), Methods for Determining Bactericidal Activity of Antimicrobial Agents. Approved Guideline, CLSI document M26-A.
Toplam 43 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Farmasotik Biyoteknoloji
Bölüm Articles
Yazarlar

A. Alper Öztürk

Abdurrahman Aygül

Yayımlanma Tarihi 27 Haziran 2025
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2020 Cilt: 24 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Öztürk, A. A., & Aygül, A. (2025). Design of cefaclor monohydrate containing nanoparticles with extended antibacterial effect by nano-spray dryer: A nanoenglobing study. Journal of Research in Pharmacy, 24(1), 100-111. https://doi.org/10.35333/jrp.2020.115
AMA Öztürk AA, Aygül A. Design of cefaclor monohydrate containing nanoparticles with extended antibacterial effect by nano-spray dryer: A nanoenglobing study. J. Res. Pharm. Haziran 2025;24(1):100-111. doi:10.35333/jrp.2020.115
Chicago Öztürk, A. Alper, ve Abdurrahman Aygül. “Design of Cefaclor Monohydrate Containing Nanoparticles With Extended Antibacterial Effect by Nano-Spray Dryer: A Nanoenglobing Study”. Journal of Research in Pharmacy 24, sy. 1 (Haziran 2025): 100-111. https://doi.org/10.35333/jrp.2020.115.
EndNote Öztürk AA, Aygül A (01 Haziran 2025) Design of cefaclor monohydrate containing nanoparticles with extended antibacterial effect by nano-spray dryer: A nanoenglobing study. Journal of Research in Pharmacy 24 1 100–111.
IEEE A. A. Öztürk ve A. Aygül, “Design of cefaclor monohydrate containing nanoparticles with extended antibacterial effect by nano-spray dryer: A nanoenglobing study”, J. Res. Pharm., c. 24, sy. 1, ss. 100–111, 2025, doi: 10.35333/jrp.2020.115.
ISNAD Öztürk, A. Alper - Aygül, Abdurrahman. “Design of Cefaclor Monohydrate Containing Nanoparticles With Extended Antibacterial Effect by Nano-Spray Dryer: A Nanoenglobing Study”. Journal of Research in Pharmacy 24/1 (Haziran 2025), 100-111. https://doi.org/10.35333/jrp.2020.115.
JAMA Öztürk AA, Aygül A. Design of cefaclor monohydrate containing nanoparticles with extended antibacterial effect by nano-spray dryer: A nanoenglobing study. J. Res. Pharm. 2025;24:100–111.
MLA Öztürk, A. Alper ve Abdurrahman Aygül. “Design of Cefaclor Monohydrate Containing Nanoparticles With Extended Antibacterial Effect by Nano-Spray Dryer: A Nanoenglobing Study”. Journal of Research in Pharmacy, c. 24, sy. 1, 2025, ss. 100-11, doi:10.35333/jrp.2020.115.
Vancouver Öztürk AA, Aygül A. Design of cefaclor monohydrate containing nanoparticles with extended antibacterial effect by nano-spray dryer: A nanoenglobing study. J. Res. Pharm. 2025;24(1):100-11.

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