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Evaluation of Anti-obesity and Antioxidant Activities of Ethanolic Extract of Achyranthes aspera Leaves

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 27 Sayı: 5, 1777 - 1789, 28.06.2025

Samuel Asogwa Otuodi Kakaraparthy Ravı Shankar Ugwu Anthony Odinaka Asogwa Patrıck Oliver

Öz

Leaves of Achyranthes aspera are tradionally used in different therapeutic applications in countries like Nepal, India, and some part of Africa. The leaves of A.aspera was investigated for total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC). The total phenolic content was determined using the Folin-Ciocalteu method, while the total flavonoid content was determined using quercetein method. MSG induced obese rat were used for the anti obesity test; Body weight, biochemical, and locomotive activities were analyzed. The TPC in the leaves extract of A.aspera was calculated as 275.21mg/g and TFC was 140.4mg/g gallic acid equivalent GAE/g of dry weight. The extractive supplementation with dose of 200mg/kg and 400mg/kg were capable of lowering the body weight, triglyceride, total cholesterol and significantly increasing the locomotion of the rat. Also, the investigation shows that the ethanolic extract of leaves achyranthes aspera posses antioxidant activities and it was done using the Nitric oxide, hydroxyl radical technique and phosphomolybdenum method. The reaction showed that it is a concentration-dependent reaction and the results obtained here were expressed interms of IC50 values using gallic acid as standard. The leaves of A. aspera justified its potential as an anti-obesity agent and antioxidant, 5 groups of animals (3 rats per group) showed a significant decrease in body weight and biochemical parameters, and the increase in exercise activity and concentration-dependent results of antioxidant effect. It can be said that Achyranthes aspera has both lipolytic and antioxidant properties due to its chemical constituents (flavonoids, tannins, terpinoids and alkaloids, etc.).

Anahtar Kelimeler

Anti-obesity antioxidant Achyranthes aspera rats Body weight Biochemical.

Kaynakça

  • [1] WHO. Physical status: The use and interpretation of anthropometry. Report of a WHO Expert Committee. Geneva, World Health Organization, (Technical Report Series, No. 854), 1995:329.
  • [2] Chooi YC, Ding C, Magkos F. The epidemiology of obesity. Metabolism. 2019; 92:6–10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.metabol.2018.09.005
  • [3] Jequier E. Leptin signaling, adiposity, and energy balance. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2002; 967: 379–388. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.2002.tb04293.x
  • [4] Grundy SM. Metabolic syndrome: A multiple cardiovascular risk. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2007; 92(2): 399–404. https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2006-0513
  • [5] Rippe JM, Crossley S, Ringer R. Obesity as a chronic disease: Modern medical and lifestyle management. J Am Diet Assoc. 1998; 98: S9–S15. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0002-8223(98)00704-4
  • [6] Bhoomika RG, Ramesh KG, Anita AM. Phyto-pharmacology of Achyranthes aspera - a review. Pharmacog Rev. 2007; 1(1): 143–150.
  • [7] Spiegelman BM, Flier JS. Obesity and the regulation of energy balance. Cell. 2001; 104(4): 531–543. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0092-8674(01)00240-9
  • [8] Padwal RS, Majumdar SR. Drug treatments for obesity: orlistat, sibutramine, and rimonabant. Lancet. 2007; 369(9555): 71–77. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(07)60033-6
  • [9] van de Laar FA. Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors in the early treatment of type 2 diabetes. Vasc Health Risk Manag. 2008; 4(6): 1189–1195. https://doi.org/10.2147/vhrm.s3119
  • [10] Kobayashi K, Saito Y, Nakazawa I, Yoshizaki F. Screening of crude drugs for influence on amylase activity and postprandial blood glucose in mouse plasma. Biol Pharm Bull. 2000; 23(10): 1250–1253. https://doi.org/10.1248/bpb.23.1250
  • [11] Maury J, Issad T, Perdereau D, Gouhot B, Ferre P, Girard J. Effect of acarbose on glucose homeostasis, lipogenesis and lipogenic enzyme gene expression in adipose tissue of weaned rats. Diabetologia. 1993; 36(6): 503–509. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02743265
  • [12] Varuna KM, Khan MU, Sharma PK. Review on Achyranthes Aspera. J Pharm Res. 2010; 3(4): 714–717.
  • [13] FDA Approved Drug Products: Xenical (orlistat) capsules. https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2009/020766s026lbl.pdf
  • [14] Hatahet MA, Dhurandhar NV. Antiobesity drugs: current and future issues. Curr Diab Rep. 2002; 2(5): 409–415. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11892-002-0105-3
  • [15] Wanasundara U, Amarowicz R, Shahidi F. Isolation and identification of an antioxidative component in canola meal. J Agric Food Chem. 1994; 42(6): 1285–1290. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00042a006
  • [16] Lee YH, Choo C, Watawana MI, Jayawardena N, Waisundara VY. An appraisal of eighteen commonly consumed edible plants as functional food based on their antioxidant and starch hydrolase inhibitory activities. J Sci Food Agric. 2015; 95: 2956–2964. https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.7039
  • [17] Arvouet-Grand A, Vennat B, Pourrat A, Legret P. Standardization of propolis extract and identification of principal constituents. J Pharm Belg. 1994; 49: 462.
  • [18] Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD). OECD Guidelines for Testing of Chemicals Test No. 423: Acute Oral Toxicity. France: OECD Publishing; 2006. pp. 1–27.
  • [19] Han LK, Kimura Y, Kawashima M, Takaku T, Taniyama T, Hayashi T, Zheng YN, Okuda H. Anti-obesity effects in rodents of dietary teasaponin, a lipase inhibitor. Int J Obes. 2001; 25: 1459–1464. https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.ijo.0801747
  • [20] Buettner R, Scholmerich J, Bollheimer LC. High-fat diets: modeling the metabolic disorders of human obesity in rodents. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2007; 15: 798–808. https://doi.org/10.1038/oby.2007.608
  • [21] Jang WS, Choung SY. Antiobesity effects of the ethanol extract of Laminaria japonica Areshoung in high-fat-diet induced obese rat. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2013; 2013:492807. https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/492807
  • [22] Marcocci L, Maguire JJ, Droy-Lafaix MT, Packer L. The nitric oxide-scavenging properties of Ginkgo biloba extract EGb 761. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1994; 201: 748–755. https://doi.org/10.1006/bbrc.1994.1764
  • [23] Ruch RJ, Cheng SJ, Klaunig JE. Prevention of cytotoxicity and inhibition of intracellular communication by antioxidant catechins isolated from Chinese green tea. https://doi.org/10.1093/carcin/10.6.1003
  • [24] Prieto P, Pineda M, Aguilar M. Spectrophotometric quantification of antioxidant capacity through the formation of a phosphomolybdenum complex: specific application to the determination of vitamin E. Anal Biochem. 1999; 269(2): 337–341. https://doi.org/10.1006/abio.1999.4019

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 27 Sayı: 5, 1777 - 1789, 28.06.2025

Samuel Asogwa Otuodi Kakaraparthy Ravı Shankar Ugwu Anthony Odinaka Asogwa Patrıck Oliver

Öz

Kaynakça

  • [1] WHO. Physical status: The use and interpretation of anthropometry. Report of a WHO Expert Committee. Geneva, World Health Organization, (Technical Report Series, No. 854), 1995:329.
  • [2] Chooi YC, Ding C, Magkos F. The epidemiology of obesity. Metabolism. 2019; 92:6–10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.metabol.2018.09.005
  • [3] Jequier E. Leptin signaling, adiposity, and energy balance. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2002; 967: 379–388. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.2002.tb04293.x
  • [4] Grundy SM. Metabolic syndrome: A multiple cardiovascular risk. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2007; 92(2): 399–404. https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2006-0513
  • [5] Rippe JM, Crossley S, Ringer R. Obesity as a chronic disease: Modern medical and lifestyle management. J Am Diet Assoc. 1998; 98: S9–S15. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0002-8223(98)00704-4
  • [6] Bhoomika RG, Ramesh KG, Anita AM. Phyto-pharmacology of Achyranthes aspera - a review. Pharmacog Rev. 2007; 1(1): 143–150.
  • [7] Spiegelman BM, Flier JS. Obesity and the regulation of energy balance. Cell. 2001; 104(4): 531–543. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0092-8674(01)00240-9
  • [8] Padwal RS, Majumdar SR. Drug treatments for obesity: orlistat, sibutramine, and rimonabant. Lancet. 2007; 369(9555): 71–77. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(07)60033-6
  • [9] van de Laar FA. Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors in the early treatment of type 2 diabetes. Vasc Health Risk Manag. 2008; 4(6): 1189–1195. https://doi.org/10.2147/vhrm.s3119
  • [10] Kobayashi K, Saito Y, Nakazawa I, Yoshizaki F. Screening of crude drugs for influence on amylase activity and postprandial blood glucose in mouse plasma. Biol Pharm Bull. 2000; 23(10): 1250–1253. https://doi.org/10.1248/bpb.23.1250
  • [11] Maury J, Issad T, Perdereau D, Gouhot B, Ferre P, Girard J. Effect of acarbose on glucose homeostasis, lipogenesis and lipogenic enzyme gene expression in adipose tissue of weaned rats. Diabetologia. 1993; 36(6): 503–509. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02743265
  • [12] Varuna KM, Khan MU, Sharma PK. Review on Achyranthes Aspera. J Pharm Res. 2010; 3(4): 714–717.
  • [13] FDA Approved Drug Products: Xenical (orlistat) capsules. https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2009/020766s026lbl.pdf
  • [14] Hatahet MA, Dhurandhar NV. Antiobesity drugs: current and future issues. Curr Diab Rep. 2002; 2(5): 409–415. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11892-002-0105-3
  • [15] Wanasundara U, Amarowicz R, Shahidi F. Isolation and identification of an antioxidative component in canola meal. J Agric Food Chem. 1994; 42(6): 1285–1290. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00042a006
  • [16] Lee YH, Choo C, Watawana MI, Jayawardena N, Waisundara VY. An appraisal of eighteen commonly consumed edible plants as functional food based on their antioxidant and starch hydrolase inhibitory activities. J Sci Food Agric. 2015; 95: 2956–2964. https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.7039
  • [17] Arvouet-Grand A, Vennat B, Pourrat A, Legret P. Standardization of propolis extract and identification of principal constituents. J Pharm Belg. 1994; 49: 462.
  • [18] Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD). OECD Guidelines for Testing of Chemicals Test No. 423: Acute Oral Toxicity. France: OECD Publishing; 2006. pp. 1–27.
  • [19] Han LK, Kimura Y, Kawashima M, Takaku T, Taniyama T, Hayashi T, Zheng YN, Okuda H. Anti-obesity effects in rodents of dietary teasaponin, a lipase inhibitor. Int J Obes. 2001; 25: 1459–1464. https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.ijo.0801747
  • [20] Buettner R, Scholmerich J, Bollheimer LC. High-fat diets: modeling the metabolic disorders of human obesity in rodents. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2007; 15: 798–808. https://doi.org/10.1038/oby.2007.608
  • [21] Jang WS, Choung SY. Antiobesity effects of the ethanol extract of Laminaria japonica Areshoung in high-fat-diet induced obese rat. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2013; 2013:492807. https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/492807
  • [22] Marcocci L, Maguire JJ, Droy-Lafaix MT, Packer L. The nitric oxide-scavenging properties of Ginkgo biloba extract EGb 761. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1994; 201: 748–755. https://doi.org/10.1006/bbrc.1994.1764
  • [23] Ruch RJ, Cheng SJ, Klaunig JE. Prevention of cytotoxicity and inhibition of intracellular communication by antioxidant catechins isolated from Chinese green tea. https://doi.org/10.1093/carcin/10.6.1003
  • [24] Prieto P, Pineda M, Aguilar M. Spectrophotometric quantification of antioxidant capacity through the formation of a phosphomolybdenum complex: specific application to the determination of vitamin E. Anal Biochem. 1999; 269(2): 337–341. https://doi.org/10.1006/abio.1999.4019
Toplam 24 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Eczacılık ve İlaç Bilimleri (Diğer)
Bölüm Articles
Yazarlar

Samuel Asogwa Otuodi 0000-0002-8344-666X

Kakaraparthy Ravı Shankar 0000-0002-4616-9683

Ugwu Anthony Odinaka 0000-0002-4989-1532

Asogwa Patrıck Oliver 0000-0002-9429-4972

Yayımlanma Tarihi 28 Haziran 2025
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2023 Cilt: 27 Sayı: 5

Kaynak Göster

APA Otuodi, S. A., Shankar, K. R., Odinaka, U. A., Oliver, A. P. (2025). Evaluation of Anti-obesity and Antioxidant Activities of Ethanolic Extract of Achyranthes aspera Leaves. Journal of Research in Pharmacy, 27(5), 1777-1789.
AMA Otuodi SA, Shankar KR, Odinaka UA, Oliver AP. Evaluation of Anti-obesity and Antioxidant Activities of Ethanolic Extract of Achyranthes aspera Leaves. J. Res. Pharm. Temmuz 2025;27(5):1777-1789.
Chicago Otuodi, Samuel Asogwa, Kakaraparthy Ravı Shankar, Ugwu Anthony Odinaka, ve Asogwa Patrıck Oliver. “Evaluation of Anti-Obesity and Antioxidant Activities of Ethanolic Extract of Achyranthes Aspera Leaves”. Journal of Research in Pharmacy 27, sy. 5 (Temmuz 2025): 1777-89.
EndNote Otuodi SA, Shankar KR, Odinaka UA, Oliver AP (01 Temmuz 2025) Evaluation of Anti-obesity and Antioxidant Activities of Ethanolic Extract of Achyranthes aspera Leaves. Journal of Research in Pharmacy 27 5 1777–1789.
IEEE S. A. Otuodi, K. R. Shankar, U. A. Odinaka, ve A. P. Oliver, “Evaluation of Anti-obesity and Antioxidant Activities of Ethanolic Extract of Achyranthes aspera Leaves”, J. Res. Pharm., c. 27, sy. 5, ss. 1777–1789, 2025.
ISNAD Otuodi, Samuel Asogwa vd. “Evaluation of Anti-Obesity and Antioxidant Activities of Ethanolic Extract of Achyranthes Aspera Leaves”. Journal of Research in Pharmacy 27/5 (Temmuz 2025), 1777-1789.
JAMA Otuodi SA, Shankar KR, Odinaka UA, Oliver AP. Evaluation of Anti-obesity and Antioxidant Activities of Ethanolic Extract of Achyranthes aspera Leaves. J. Res. Pharm. 2025;27:1777–1789.
MLA Otuodi, Samuel Asogwa vd. “Evaluation of Anti-Obesity and Antioxidant Activities of Ethanolic Extract of Achyranthes Aspera Leaves”. Journal of Research in Pharmacy, c. 27, sy. 5, 2025, ss. 1777-89.
Vancouver Otuodi SA, Shankar KR, Odinaka UA, Oliver AP. Evaluation of Anti-obesity and Antioxidant Activities of Ethanolic Extract of Achyranthes aspera Leaves. J. Res. Pharm. 2025;27(5):1777-89.