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The combination of Luvunga sarmentosa (BI.) and Eurycoma longifolia Jackhydro-alcoholic extract as a source of antioxidant and analgesic agent

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 27 Sayı: 2, 642 - 651, 27.06.2025

Achmad Fuad Hafid Hilkatul Ilmi Hanifah Khairun Nisa Lidya Tumewu Myrna Adianti Tutik Sri Wahyuni Suciati Suciati Aty Widyawaruyanti

Öz

The combination of Luvunga sarmentosa and Eurycoma longifolia is widely prescribed in traditional medicine
by the local Dayak tribe in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia. The study aimed to evaluate the effect of antioxidants and
analgesics from the combination of hydro-alcoholic extract of L. sarmentosa and E. longifolia stem. The phytochemical
investigation was performed using an established method described in the literature. The total phenolic content was
determined by the Folin Ciocalteu, whereas the flavonoid was determined by aluminum chloride. The in vitro
antioxidant activity was determined using DPPH free radical scavenging assay. The analgesic effect was determined by
acetic acid-induced writhing and hot plate tests in male mice. The result shows that combination extract (CE, IC50
162.5±0.21 µg/mL) had higher antioxidant activity than L. sarmentosa extract (LSE, IC50 200.20±0.23 µg/mL) and E.
longifolia extract (ELE, IC50 293.45±0.32 µg/mL). All extracts showed significant dose-dependent analgesic activity
against acetic acid-induced writhing and hot plate pain models. A higher dose of CE, LSE, and ELE (550 mg/kg)
produced significant inhibition of writhing by 67.60±2.76, 56.45±2.34, and 68.64±1.65%, respectively. The maximum
possible analgesia of CE, LSE, and ELE in the hot plate test at 550 mg/kg BW dose was 25.32%, 16.04%, and 26.72%. CE
has higher analgesic activity than LSE and ELE. The extracts are more effective for peripheral than central analgesia. Its
mechanism may be related to inhibiting the inflammatory mediator's release. The high antioxidant and analgesic activity
at CE is relevant to the higher total flavones and phenols compared to LSE and ELE.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Antioxidant analgesic Luvunga sarmentosa Eurycomalongifolia medicine

Kaynakça

  • Mandal M, Sarkar M, Khan A, Biswas M, Masi A, Rakwal R, Agrawal GK, Srivastana A and Sarkar A. Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) and Reactive Nitrogen Species (RNS) in Plants– Maintenance of Structural İndividuality and Functional Blend. Adv Redox Res. 2022;5:100039https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arres.2022.100039.
  • Martemucci G, Costagliola C, Mariano M, D’andrea L, Napolitano P, D’Alessandro AG. Free Radical Properties, Source and Targets, Antioxidant Consumption and Health. Oxygen. 2022; 12;2(2):48– 78https://doi.org/10.3390/oxygen2020006.
  • Liu Z, Ren Z, Zhang J, Chuang C-C, Kandaswamy E, Zhou T and Zuo L. Role of ROS and Nutritional Antioxidants in Human Diseases. Front Physiol. 2018; 17;9https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2018.00477.
  • Palipoch S, Koomhin P. Oxidative Stress-Associated Pathology: A Review. Sains Malaysiana. 2015;44(10):1441– 1451.
  • Mittal M, Siddiqui MR, Tran K, Reddy SP, Malik AB. Reactive Oxygen Species in Inflammation and Tissue Injury. Antioxid Redox Signal. 2014;20(7):1126–67https://doi.org/10.1089/ars.2012.5149.
  • Hossain A, Hossain A, Mannan S. Evaluation of Antioxidant and Analgesic Activities of Three Medicinal Plants. Pharmacognosy Res. 2019;11(3):248https://dx.doi.org/10.4103/pr.pr_164_18.
  • Karakaya S, Koca M, Sytar O, Duman H. The Natural Phenolic Compounds and Their Antioxidant and Anticholinesterase Potential of Herb Leiotulus dasyanthus (K. Koch) Pimenov & Ostr. Nat Prod Res. 2020;34(9):1303–5https://doi.org/10.1080/14786419.2018.1557176.
  • Tungmunnithum D, Thongboonyou A, Pholboon A, Yangsabai A. Flavonoids and Other Phenolic Compounds from Medicinal Plants for Pharmaceutical and Medical Aspects: An Overview. Medicines. 2018; 25;5(3):93https://doi.org/10.3390%2Fmedicines5030093.
  • Dai J, Mumper RJ. Plant Phenolics: Extraction, Analysis and Their Antioxidant and Anticancer Properties. Molecules. 2010; 21;15(10):7313–52https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules15107313.
  • Kumar S, Pandey AK. Chemistry and Biological Activities of Flavonoids: An Overview. Sci World J. 2013;1– 16https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/162750.
  • Działo M, Mierziak J, Korzun U, Preisner M, Szopa J, Kulma A. The Potential of Plant Phenolics in Prevention and Therapy of Skin Disorders. Int J Mol Sci. 2016; 18;17(2):160https://doi.org/10.3390%2Fijms17020160.
  • Perry LM. Medicinal Plants of East and Southeast Asia: Attributed Properties and Uses. In: The MIT Press. Cambridge, Massachusetts: The MIT Press; 1980. p. 622.
  • Wijeratne EMK, Bandara BMR, Gunatilaka AAL, Tezuka Y, Kikuchi T. Chemical Constituents of Three Rutaceae Species from Sri Lanka. J Nat Prod. 1992; 1;55(9):1261–9https://doi.org/10.1021/np50087a013.
  • Lien TP, Kamperdick C, Schmidt J, Adam G, Van Sung T. Apotirucallane Triterpenoids from Luvunga sarmentosa (Rutaceae). Phytochemistry. 2002;60(7):747–54https://doi.org/10.1016/s0031-9422(02)00156-5.
  • Kamperdick C, Lien TP, Adam G, Sung T Van. Apotirucallane and Tirucallane Triterpenoids from Luvunga sarmentosa. J Nat Prod. 2003;66(5):675–8https://doi.org/10.1021/np020458+.
  • Rehman SU, Choe K, Yoo HH. Review on a Traditional Herbal Medicine, Eurycoma longifolia Jack (Tongkat Ali): Its Traditional Uses, Chemistry, Evidence-Based Pharmacology and Toxicology. Molecules. 2016; 10;21(3):331https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules21030331.
  • Ruan J, Li Z, Zhang Y, Chen Y, Liu M, Han L, Zhang Y and Wang T. Bioactive Constituents from the Roots of Eurycoma longifolia. Molecules. 2019; 30;24(17)https://doi.org/10.3390%2Fmolecules24173157.
  • Fiaschetti G, Grotzer MA, Shalaby T, Castelletti D, Arcaro A. Quassinoids: From Traditional Drugs to New Cancer Therapeutics. Curr Med Chem. 2011;18(3):316–28https://doi.org/10.2174/092986711794839205.
  • Sholikhah. In Vıvo Antıplasmodıal Actıvıty and Acute Toxıcıty of Standardızed Extract of Eurycoma Longıfolıa Jack. Root Tradıtıonally Used to Treat Malarıa. Am J Pharmacol Toxicol. 2014; 1;9(1):24– 8https://doi.org/10.3844/ajptsp.2014.24.28.
  • Insanu M, Pratiwi SNE, Fidrianny I. A review of the phytochemical compounds and pharmacological activities ofEurycoma longifolia. Int J Res Pharm Sci. 2021;12(2):1462–70https://doi.org/10.26452/ijrps.v12i2.4716.
  • Ebrahimi F, Ibrahim B, Teh C, Murugaiyah V, Lam C. 1HNMR-Based Discriminatory Analysis of Eurycoma longifolia from Different Locations and Establishing a Profile for Primary Metabolites Identification and Quassinoids Quantification. Planta Med. 2016; 11;83(01/02):172–82https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0042-110857.
  • Wardah, Sundari S. Ethnobotany study of Dayak Society Medicinal Plants Utilization in Uut Murung District, Murung Raya Regency, Central Kalimantan. IOP Conf Ser Earth Environ Sci. 2019; 1;298(1):012005.
  • Herianto H, Kusuma Z, Nihayati E, Prayogo C. The Plant Wisdom of Dayak Ot Danum, Central Kalimantan. J Trop Life Sci. 2018;8(2):130–43https://doi.org/10.11594/jtls.08.02.06.
  • Su S, Hua Y, Wang Y, Gu W, Zhou W, Duan J, Jiang H, Chen T and Tang Y. Evaluation of the anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties of individual and combined extracts from Commiphora myrrha, and Boswellia carterii. J Ethnopharmacol. 2012; 31;139(2):649–56https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2011.12.013.
  • Juan CA, Pérez de la Lastra JM, Plou FJ, Pérez-Lebeña E. The Chemistry of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Revisited: Outlining Their Role in Biological Macromolecules (DNA, Lipids and Proteins) and Induced Pathologies. Int J Mol Sci. 2021; 28;22(9):4642https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22094642.
  • Gutteridge JM. Biological Origin of Free Radicals, and Mechanisms of Antioxidant Protection. Chem Biol Interact. 1994;91(2–3):133–40https://doi.org/10.1016/0009-2797(94)90033-7.
  • Ji RR, Kohno T, Moore KA, Woolf CJ. Central Sensitization and LTP: Do Pain and Memory Share Similar Mechanisms? Trends Neurosci. 2003;26(12):696–705https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tins.2003.09.017.
  • Arslan R, Bektas N. Antinociceptive Effect of Methanol Extract of Capparis ovata in Mice. Pharm Biol. 2010;48(10):1185–90https://doi.org/10.3109/13880201003629323.
  • Karim N, Khan I, Khan W, Khan I, Khan A, Halim SA, Khan H, Hussain J and Al-Harrasi A. Anti-nociceptive and Anti-inflammatory Activities of Asparacosin A Involve Selective Cyclooxygenase 2 and Inflammatory Cytokines Inhibition: An in-vitro, in-vivo, and in-silico Approach. Front Immunol. 2019;10:581https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2019.00581.
  • Panche AN, Diwan AD, Chandra SR. Flavonoids: an overview. J Nutr Sci 29;5:e47https://doi.org/10.1017/jns.2016.41.
  • Hassan A, Akmal Z, Khan N. The Phytochemical Screening and Antioxidants Potential of Schoenoplectus Triqueter L. Palla. Alparslan Y, editor. J Chem. 2020; 30:1–8https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/3865139.
  • Herawati E, Ramadhan R, Ariyani F, Marjenah, Kusuma IW, Suwinarti W, Mardji D, Amirta R and Arung ET. Phytochemical Screening and Antioxidant Activity of Wild Mushrooms Growing in Tropical Regions. Biodiversitas. 2021;22(11):4716–21https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d221102.
  • Herald TJ, Gadgil P, Tilley M. High-throughput Micro Plate Assays for Screening Flavonoid Content and DPPH- Scavenging Activity in Sorghum Bran and Flour. J Sci Food Agric. 2012; 30;92(11):2326– 31https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.5633.
  • Zhang Q, Zhang J, Shen J, Silva A, Dennis DA, Barrow CJ. A Simple 96-Well Microplate Method for Estimation of Total Polyphenol Content in Seaweeds. J Appl Phycol. 2006; 27;18(3–5):445– 50http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10811-006-9048-4.
  • Lee KJ, Oh YC, Cho WK, Ma JY. Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Activity Determination of One Hundred Kinds of Pure Chemical Compounds Using Offline and Online Screening HPLC Assay. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2015:165457https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/165457.
  • Han YM, Woo S-U, Choi MS, Park YN, Kim SH, Yim H and Yoo HH. Antiinflammatory and Analgesic Effects of Eurycoma longifolia Extracts. Arch Pharm Res. 2016;39(3):421–8https://doi.org/10.1007/s12272-016-0711-2.
  • Ilmi H, Pamungkas IR, Tumewu L, Hafid AF, Widyawaruyanti A. Analgesic and Antipyretic Activities of Ethyl Acetate Fraction Tablet of Andrographis paniculata in Animal Models. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2021. Article ID 8848797https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/8848797.
  • Suthakaran C, Kayalvizhi MK, Nithya K, Raja TA. Evaluation of Analgesic and Anti-inflammatory Activity of a Combination of Tramadol-ibuprofen in Experimental Animals. Indian J Dent Res. 2017; 28(3):248– 51https://doi.org/10.4103/ijdr.ijdr_731_16.
  • Hijazi MA, El-Mallah A, Aboul-Ela M, Ellakany A. Evaluation of Analgesic Activity of Papaver libanoticum Extract in Mice: Involvement of Opioids Receptors. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2017.Article ID 8935085https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/8935085.

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 27 Sayı: 2, 642 - 651, 27.06.2025

Achmad Fuad Hafid Hilkatul Ilmi Hanifah Khairun Nisa Lidya Tumewu Myrna Adianti Tutik Sri Wahyuni Suciati Suciati Aty Widyawaruyanti

Öz

Kaynakça

  • Mandal M, Sarkar M, Khan A, Biswas M, Masi A, Rakwal R, Agrawal GK, Srivastana A and Sarkar A. Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) and Reactive Nitrogen Species (RNS) in Plants– Maintenance of Structural İndividuality and Functional Blend. Adv Redox Res. 2022;5:100039https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arres.2022.100039.
  • Martemucci G, Costagliola C, Mariano M, D’andrea L, Napolitano P, D’Alessandro AG. Free Radical Properties, Source and Targets, Antioxidant Consumption and Health. Oxygen. 2022; 12;2(2):48– 78https://doi.org/10.3390/oxygen2020006.
  • Liu Z, Ren Z, Zhang J, Chuang C-C, Kandaswamy E, Zhou T and Zuo L. Role of ROS and Nutritional Antioxidants in Human Diseases. Front Physiol. 2018; 17;9https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2018.00477.
  • Palipoch S, Koomhin P. Oxidative Stress-Associated Pathology: A Review. Sains Malaysiana. 2015;44(10):1441– 1451.
  • Mittal M, Siddiqui MR, Tran K, Reddy SP, Malik AB. Reactive Oxygen Species in Inflammation and Tissue Injury. Antioxid Redox Signal. 2014;20(7):1126–67https://doi.org/10.1089/ars.2012.5149.
  • Hossain A, Hossain A, Mannan S. Evaluation of Antioxidant and Analgesic Activities of Three Medicinal Plants. Pharmacognosy Res. 2019;11(3):248https://dx.doi.org/10.4103/pr.pr_164_18.
  • Karakaya S, Koca M, Sytar O, Duman H. The Natural Phenolic Compounds and Their Antioxidant and Anticholinesterase Potential of Herb Leiotulus dasyanthus (K. Koch) Pimenov & Ostr. Nat Prod Res. 2020;34(9):1303–5https://doi.org/10.1080/14786419.2018.1557176.
  • Tungmunnithum D, Thongboonyou A, Pholboon A, Yangsabai A. Flavonoids and Other Phenolic Compounds from Medicinal Plants for Pharmaceutical and Medical Aspects: An Overview. Medicines. 2018; 25;5(3):93https://doi.org/10.3390%2Fmedicines5030093.
  • Dai J, Mumper RJ. Plant Phenolics: Extraction, Analysis and Their Antioxidant and Anticancer Properties. Molecules. 2010; 21;15(10):7313–52https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules15107313.
  • Kumar S, Pandey AK. Chemistry and Biological Activities of Flavonoids: An Overview. Sci World J. 2013;1– 16https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/162750.
  • Działo M, Mierziak J, Korzun U, Preisner M, Szopa J, Kulma A. The Potential of Plant Phenolics in Prevention and Therapy of Skin Disorders. Int J Mol Sci. 2016; 18;17(2):160https://doi.org/10.3390%2Fijms17020160.
  • Perry LM. Medicinal Plants of East and Southeast Asia: Attributed Properties and Uses. In: The MIT Press. Cambridge, Massachusetts: The MIT Press; 1980. p. 622.
  • Wijeratne EMK, Bandara BMR, Gunatilaka AAL, Tezuka Y, Kikuchi T. Chemical Constituents of Three Rutaceae Species from Sri Lanka. J Nat Prod. 1992; 1;55(9):1261–9https://doi.org/10.1021/np50087a013.
  • Lien TP, Kamperdick C, Schmidt J, Adam G, Van Sung T. Apotirucallane Triterpenoids from Luvunga sarmentosa (Rutaceae). Phytochemistry. 2002;60(7):747–54https://doi.org/10.1016/s0031-9422(02)00156-5.
  • Kamperdick C, Lien TP, Adam G, Sung T Van. Apotirucallane and Tirucallane Triterpenoids from Luvunga sarmentosa. J Nat Prod. 2003;66(5):675–8https://doi.org/10.1021/np020458+.
  • Rehman SU, Choe K, Yoo HH. Review on a Traditional Herbal Medicine, Eurycoma longifolia Jack (Tongkat Ali): Its Traditional Uses, Chemistry, Evidence-Based Pharmacology and Toxicology. Molecules. 2016; 10;21(3):331https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules21030331.
  • Ruan J, Li Z, Zhang Y, Chen Y, Liu M, Han L, Zhang Y and Wang T. Bioactive Constituents from the Roots of Eurycoma longifolia. Molecules. 2019; 30;24(17)https://doi.org/10.3390%2Fmolecules24173157.
  • Fiaschetti G, Grotzer MA, Shalaby T, Castelletti D, Arcaro A. Quassinoids: From Traditional Drugs to New Cancer Therapeutics. Curr Med Chem. 2011;18(3):316–28https://doi.org/10.2174/092986711794839205.
  • Sholikhah. In Vıvo Antıplasmodıal Actıvıty and Acute Toxıcıty of Standardızed Extract of Eurycoma Longıfolıa Jack. Root Tradıtıonally Used to Treat Malarıa. Am J Pharmacol Toxicol. 2014; 1;9(1):24– 8https://doi.org/10.3844/ajptsp.2014.24.28.
  • Insanu M, Pratiwi SNE, Fidrianny I. A review of the phytochemical compounds and pharmacological activities ofEurycoma longifolia. Int J Res Pharm Sci. 2021;12(2):1462–70https://doi.org/10.26452/ijrps.v12i2.4716.
  • Ebrahimi F, Ibrahim B, Teh C, Murugaiyah V, Lam C. 1HNMR-Based Discriminatory Analysis of Eurycoma longifolia from Different Locations and Establishing a Profile for Primary Metabolites Identification and Quassinoids Quantification. Planta Med. 2016; 11;83(01/02):172–82https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0042-110857.
  • Wardah, Sundari S. Ethnobotany study of Dayak Society Medicinal Plants Utilization in Uut Murung District, Murung Raya Regency, Central Kalimantan. IOP Conf Ser Earth Environ Sci. 2019; 1;298(1):012005.
  • Herianto H, Kusuma Z, Nihayati E, Prayogo C. The Plant Wisdom of Dayak Ot Danum, Central Kalimantan. J Trop Life Sci. 2018;8(2):130–43https://doi.org/10.11594/jtls.08.02.06.
  • Su S, Hua Y, Wang Y, Gu W, Zhou W, Duan J, Jiang H, Chen T and Tang Y. Evaluation of the anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties of individual and combined extracts from Commiphora myrrha, and Boswellia carterii. J Ethnopharmacol. 2012; 31;139(2):649–56https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2011.12.013.
  • Juan CA, Pérez de la Lastra JM, Plou FJ, Pérez-Lebeña E. The Chemistry of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Revisited: Outlining Their Role in Biological Macromolecules (DNA, Lipids and Proteins) and Induced Pathologies. Int J Mol Sci. 2021; 28;22(9):4642https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22094642.
  • Gutteridge JM. Biological Origin of Free Radicals, and Mechanisms of Antioxidant Protection. Chem Biol Interact. 1994;91(2–3):133–40https://doi.org/10.1016/0009-2797(94)90033-7.
  • Ji RR, Kohno T, Moore KA, Woolf CJ. Central Sensitization and LTP: Do Pain and Memory Share Similar Mechanisms? Trends Neurosci. 2003;26(12):696–705https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tins.2003.09.017.
  • Arslan R, Bektas N. Antinociceptive Effect of Methanol Extract of Capparis ovata in Mice. Pharm Biol. 2010;48(10):1185–90https://doi.org/10.3109/13880201003629323.
  • Karim N, Khan I, Khan W, Khan I, Khan A, Halim SA, Khan H, Hussain J and Al-Harrasi A. Anti-nociceptive and Anti-inflammatory Activities of Asparacosin A Involve Selective Cyclooxygenase 2 and Inflammatory Cytokines Inhibition: An in-vitro, in-vivo, and in-silico Approach. Front Immunol. 2019;10:581https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2019.00581.
  • Panche AN, Diwan AD, Chandra SR. Flavonoids: an overview. J Nutr Sci 29;5:e47https://doi.org/10.1017/jns.2016.41.
  • Hassan A, Akmal Z, Khan N. The Phytochemical Screening and Antioxidants Potential of Schoenoplectus Triqueter L. Palla. Alparslan Y, editor. J Chem. 2020; 30:1–8https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/3865139.
  • Herawati E, Ramadhan R, Ariyani F, Marjenah, Kusuma IW, Suwinarti W, Mardji D, Amirta R and Arung ET. Phytochemical Screening and Antioxidant Activity of Wild Mushrooms Growing in Tropical Regions. Biodiversitas. 2021;22(11):4716–21https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d221102.
  • Herald TJ, Gadgil P, Tilley M. High-throughput Micro Plate Assays for Screening Flavonoid Content and DPPH- Scavenging Activity in Sorghum Bran and Flour. J Sci Food Agric. 2012; 30;92(11):2326– 31https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.5633.
  • Zhang Q, Zhang J, Shen J, Silva A, Dennis DA, Barrow CJ. A Simple 96-Well Microplate Method for Estimation of Total Polyphenol Content in Seaweeds. J Appl Phycol. 2006; 27;18(3–5):445– 50http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10811-006-9048-4.
  • Lee KJ, Oh YC, Cho WK, Ma JY. Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Activity Determination of One Hundred Kinds of Pure Chemical Compounds Using Offline and Online Screening HPLC Assay. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2015:165457https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/165457.
  • Han YM, Woo S-U, Choi MS, Park YN, Kim SH, Yim H and Yoo HH. Antiinflammatory and Analgesic Effects of Eurycoma longifolia Extracts. Arch Pharm Res. 2016;39(3):421–8https://doi.org/10.1007/s12272-016-0711-2.
  • Ilmi H, Pamungkas IR, Tumewu L, Hafid AF, Widyawaruyanti A. Analgesic and Antipyretic Activities of Ethyl Acetate Fraction Tablet of Andrographis paniculata in Animal Models. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2021. Article ID 8848797https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/8848797.
  • Suthakaran C, Kayalvizhi MK, Nithya K, Raja TA. Evaluation of Analgesic and Anti-inflammatory Activity of a Combination of Tramadol-ibuprofen in Experimental Animals. Indian J Dent Res. 2017; 28(3):248– 51https://doi.org/10.4103/ijdr.ijdr_731_16.
  • Hijazi MA, El-Mallah A, Aboul-Ela M, Ellakany A. Evaluation of Analgesic Activity of Papaver libanoticum Extract in Mice: Involvement of Opioids Receptors. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2017.Article ID 8935085https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/8935085.
Toplam 39 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Eczacılık Bilimleri
Bölüm Articles
Yazarlar

Achmad Fuad Hafid 0000-0002-0570-7975

Hilkatul Ilmi 0000-0002-3844-8877

Hanifah Khairun Nisa 0000-0002-7010-7036

Lidya Tumewu 0000-0003-3132-8909

Myrna Adianti 0000-0002-9262-9847

Tutik Sri Wahyuni 0000-0003-2049-7774

Suciati Suciati 0000-0003-2436-4119

Aty Widyawaruyanti 0000-0003-4639-1599

Yayımlanma Tarihi 27 Haziran 2025
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2023 Cilt: 27 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Hafid, A. F., Ilmi, H., Nisa, H. K., Tumewu, L., vd. (2025). The combination of Luvunga sarmentosa (BI.) and Eurycoma longifolia Jackhydro-alcoholic extract as a source of antioxidant and analgesic agent. Journal of Research in Pharmacy, 27(2), 642-651.
AMA Hafid AF, Ilmi H, Nisa HK, Tumewu L, Adianti M, Wahyuni TS, Suciati S, Widyawaruyanti A. The combination of Luvunga sarmentosa (BI.) and Eurycoma longifolia Jackhydro-alcoholic extract as a source of antioxidant and analgesic agent. J. Res. Pharm. Haziran 2025;27(2):642-651.
Chicago Hafid, Achmad Fuad, Hilkatul Ilmi, Hanifah Khairun Nisa, Lidya Tumewu, Myrna Adianti, Tutik Sri Wahyuni, Suciati Suciati, ve Aty Widyawaruyanti. “The Combination of Luvunga Sarmentosa (BI.) and Eurycoma Longifolia Jackhydro-Alcoholic Extract As a Source of Antioxidant and Analgesic Agent”. Journal of Research in Pharmacy 27, sy. 2 (Haziran 2025): 642-51.
EndNote Hafid AF, Ilmi H, Nisa HK, Tumewu L, Adianti M, Wahyuni TS, Suciati S, Widyawaruyanti A (01 Haziran 2025) The combination of Luvunga sarmentosa (BI.) and Eurycoma longifolia Jackhydro-alcoholic extract as a source of antioxidant and analgesic agent. Journal of Research in Pharmacy 27 2 642–651.
IEEE A. F. Hafid, H. Ilmi, H. K. Nisa, L. Tumewu, M. Adianti, T. S. Wahyuni, S. Suciati, ve A. Widyawaruyanti, “The combination of Luvunga sarmentosa (BI.) and Eurycoma longifolia Jackhydro-alcoholic extract as a source of antioxidant and analgesic agent”, J. Res. Pharm., c. 27, sy. 2, ss. 642–651, 2025.
ISNAD Hafid, Achmad Fuad vd. “The Combination of Luvunga Sarmentosa (BI.) and Eurycoma Longifolia Jackhydro-Alcoholic Extract As a Source of Antioxidant and Analgesic Agent”. Journal of Research in Pharmacy 27/2 (Haziran 2025), 642-651.
JAMA Hafid AF, Ilmi H, Nisa HK, Tumewu L, Adianti M, Wahyuni TS, Suciati S, Widyawaruyanti A. The combination of Luvunga sarmentosa (BI.) and Eurycoma longifolia Jackhydro-alcoholic extract as a source of antioxidant and analgesic agent. J. Res. Pharm. 2025;27:642–651.
MLA Hafid, Achmad Fuad vd. “The Combination of Luvunga Sarmentosa (BI.) and Eurycoma Longifolia Jackhydro-Alcoholic Extract As a Source of Antioxidant and Analgesic Agent”. Journal of Research in Pharmacy, c. 27, sy. 2, 2025, ss. 642-51.
Vancouver Hafid AF, Ilmi H, Nisa HK, Tumewu L, Adianti M, Wahyuni TS, Suciati S, Widyawaruyanti A. The combination of Luvunga sarmentosa (BI.) and Eurycoma longifolia Jackhydro-alcoholic extract as a source of antioxidant and analgesic agent. J. Res. Pharm. 2025;27(2):642-51.