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Exophthalmus in a Calf Naturally Infected with Theileria annulata

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 2, 23 - 26, 02.01.2025

Cennet Nur Ünal , Murat Uztimür

https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14638020

Öz

Tropical theileriosis is a hemoprotozoan disease caused by Theileria annulata (T. annulata) transmitted to cattle by ticks of the genus Hyalomma.
Purpose of this case report is to describe the exophthalmus findings observed in a calf that had a T. annulata infection.
A 2 month old male calf was brought to the Internal Medicine Clinic of Bingöl University Animal Hospital and had an anamnesis of 5 days of loss of appetite, weakness, vision loss that occurred 1 day ago, and two days before admission to the hospital, the eyes protruded from the orbital pit and had difficulty breathing. Clinical examination, the patient's vital signs showed exophthalmus in the right eye and edema in the left, a respiratory rate of 96 breaths per minute, a heart rate of 128 beats per minute, a body temperature of 41.6 oC, tear discharge, icterus, and petechiae on the conjunctiva, oral mucosa, and skin. Furthermore, pyroplasmic agents were found in T. annulata erythrocytes during light microscopic analysis of the smear.
It was concluded that exophthalmus and edema findings should be taken into consideration in the differential diagnosis and treatment of T. annulata infection.

Anahtar Kelimeler

anemia exophthalmus theileria annulata

Kaynakça

  • 1. Ma Q, Liu J, Li Z, et al. Clinical and pathological studies on cattle experimentally infected with Theileria annulata in China. Pathogens. 2020;9(9):727.
  • 2. Uztimür M, Keçeci H. Hematological, biochemical and blood gas findings in a calf with cerebral Theileriosis. In International Conference on Applied Engineering and Natural Sciences. 2023;1(1):463-470.
  • 3. Altay K, Aktaş M. Sığır theileriosisi. Fırat Üniv Sağ Bil Derg. 2004;18(2):79-85.
  • 4. Chauhan HC, Patel BK, Bhagat, AG, et al. Comparison of molecular and microscopic technique for detection of Theileria annulata from the field cases of cattle. Vet World. 2015;8(11):1370.
  • 5. Gül Y, Issı M. Tropical Theileriosis in newborn two calves-a case report. Vet Sci. 2009;4(3):34-38.
  • 6. Uztimür M, Ünal CN, Dörtbudak MB, Fırat R, Ekinci Aİ. Assessment of brain ınjury in cattle with Theileria annulata: neuron-specific biomarkers, ınflammation and apoptosis. Vet J. 2024:106269.
  • 7. Inci A, Ica A, Yildirim A, et al. Epidemiology of tropical theileriosis in the Cappadocia region. Turk J Vet Anim Sci. 2008;32(1):57-64.
  • 8. Kızıl Ö, Karapınar T, Balıkçı E, Kızıl M. Tropikal tayleriyozisli sığırlarda hemogram ve bazı serum parametrelerindeki değişiklikler. Fırat Üniv Sağ Bil Vet Derg. 2007:21(1);11-14.
  • 9. Issi M, Gul Y, Basbug O. The effect of classical theileriosis treatment on thyroid hormone levels in cattle naturally infected with Theileria annulata. Asian J Anim Vet Adv. 2011;6(5):531-536.
  • 10. Verma AK, Maurya PS, Deepak D, Singh A, Sahu S. Vertically transmitted T. annulata induced corneal opacity in bovine calf. Int J Appl Res Vet Med. 2020;18(2):83-87.
  • 11. Kumar A, Saharan S, Rani DM. Successful treatment of bilateral exophthalmia due to theileriosis in a cattle calf. Int J Vet Sci Anim Husb. 2023;8(3):38-40.
  • 12. Blood-Gas Analysis Reference Ranges. Accessed July 13, 2024.https://www.msdvetmanual.com/special-subjects/reference-guides/blood-gas-analysis-reference-ranges
  • 13. Serum Biochemical Analysis Reference Ranges. Accessed July 13, 2024. https://www.msdvetmanual.com/special-subjects/reference-guides/serum-biochemical-analysis-reference-ranges.
  • 14. Omole OO, Nappert G, Naylor JM, Zello GA. Both L-and D-lactate contribute to metabolic acidosis in diarrheic calves. J Nutr. 2001;131(8):2128-2131.
  • 15. Hematology Reference Ranges. Accessed July 13, 2024. https://www.msdvetmanual.com/special-subjects/reference-guides/hematology-reference-ranges
  • 16. Gharbi M, Souidi K, Boussaadoun MA, et al. Dermatological signs in bovine tropical theileriosis (Theileria annulata infection), a review. Rev Sci Tech off Int Epiz. 2017;36(3):807-816.
  • 17. Alsaad, K. M., Suleiman, E. G., Al-Obaidi, Q. T. Theileriosis in newborn calves in Mosul. Iraq Bas J Vet Res. 2013;12(1):265-274.
  • 18. Temiz M, Altuğ N, Yüksek N. Relationship between degree of anemia and blood gases in cattle with theileriosis. Turk J Vet Anim Sci. 2014;38(1):82-87.
  • 19. Ünal CN, Uztimür M. Epıtaxıs ın a cattle infected wıth Theileria annulata. V. Internatıonal World Health Congress. 2023;372-380.
  • 20. Tumer KÇ, Karabulut B, Ulucesme MC. Cutaneous and ocular signs in a calf infected with Theileria annulata-case report. Vet J K U. 2022;1(1):26-33.
  • 21. Sivajothi S, Swetha K, Reddy BS. Anterior uveitis and corneal opacity in young calves infected with Theileria annulata-report of two cases. Explor Anim Med Res. 2023;13(2):283-286.
  • 22. Sudan V, Sharma RL, Borah MK, Mishra R. Acute bilateral proptosis in a cross bred calf naturally infected with Theileria annulata. J Parasit Dis. 2012;36(2):215-219.

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 2, 23 - 26, 02.01.2025

Cennet Nur Ünal , Murat Uztimür

https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14638020

Öz

Kaynakça

  • 1. Ma Q, Liu J, Li Z, et al. Clinical and pathological studies on cattle experimentally infected with Theileria annulata in China. Pathogens. 2020;9(9):727.
  • 2. Uztimür M, Keçeci H. Hematological, biochemical and blood gas findings in a calf with cerebral Theileriosis. In International Conference on Applied Engineering and Natural Sciences. 2023;1(1):463-470.
  • 3. Altay K, Aktaş M. Sığır theileriosisi. Fırat Üniv Sağ Bil Derg. 2004;18(2):79-85.
  • 4. Chauhan HC, Patel BK, Bhagat, AG, et al. Comparison of molecular and microscopic technique for detection of Theileria annulata from the field cases of cattle. Vet World. 2015;8(11):1370.
  • 5. Gül Y, Issı M. Tropical Theileriosis in newborn two calves-a case report. Vet Sci. 2009;4(3):34-38.
  • 6. Uztimür M, Ünal CN, Dörtbudak MB, Fırat R, Ekinci Aİ. Assessment of brain ınjury in cattle with Theileria annulata: neuron-specific biomarkers, ınflammation and apoptosis. Vet J. 2024:106269.
  • 7. Inci A, Ica A, Yildirim A, et al. Epidemiology of tropical theileriosis in the Cappadocia region. Turk J Vet Anim Sci. 2008;32(1):57-64.
  • 8. Kızıl Ö, Karapınar T, Balıkçı E, Kızıl M. Tropikal tayleriyozisli sığırlarda hemogram ve bazı serum parametrelerindeki değişiklikler. Fırat Üniv Sağ Bil Vet Derg. 2007:21(1);11-14.
  • 9. Issi M, Gul Y, Basbug O. The effect of classical theileriosis treatment on thyroid hormone levels in cattle naturally infected with Theileria annulata. Asian J Anim Vet Adv. 2011;6(5):531-536.
  • 10. Verma AK, Maurya PS, Deepak D, Singh A, Sahu S. Vertically transmitted T. annulata induced corneal opacity in bovine calf. Int J Appl Res Vet Med. 2020;18(2):83-87.
  • 11. Kumar A, Saharan S, Rani DM. Successful treatment of bilateral exophthalmia due to theileriosis in a cattle calf. Int J Vet Sci Anim Husb. 2023;8(3):38-40.
  • 12. Blood-Gas Analysis Reference Ranges. Accessed July 13, 2024.https://www.msdvetmanual.com/special-subjects/reference-guides/blood-gas-analysis-reference-ranges
  • 13. Serum Biochemical Analysis Reference Ranges. Accessed July 13, 2024. https://www.msdvetmanual.com/special-subjects/reference-guides/serum-biochemical-analysis-reference-ranges.
  • 14. Omole OO, Nappert G, Naylor JM, Zello GA. Both L-and D-lactate contribute to metabolic acidosis in diarrheic calves. J Nutr. 2001;131(8):2128-2131.
  • 15. Hematology Reference Ranges. Accessed July 13, 2024. https://www.msdvetmanual.com/special-subjects/reference-guides/hematology-reference-ranges
  • 16. Gharbi M, Souidi K, Boussaadoun MA, et al. Dermatological signs in bovine tropical theileriosis (Theileria annulata infection), a review. Rev Sci Tech off Int Epiz. 2017;36(3):807-816.
  • 17. Alsaad, K. M., Suleiman, E. G., Al-Obaidi, Q. T. Theileriosis in newborn calves in Mosul. Iraq Bas J Vet Res. 2013;12(1):265-274.
  • 18. Temiz M, Altuğ N, Yüksek N. Relationship between degree of anemia and blood gases in cattle with theileriosis. Turk J Vet Anim Sci. 2014;38(1):82-87.
  • 19. Ünal CN, Uztimür M. Epıtaxıs ın a cattle infected wıth Theileria annulata. V. Internatıonal World Health Congress. 2023;372-380.
  • 20. Tumer KÇ, Karabulut B, Ulucesme MC. Cutaneous and ocular signs in a calf infected with Theileria annulata-case report. Vet J K U. 2022;1(1):26-33.
  • 21. Sivajothi S, Swetha K, Reddy BS. Anterior uveitis and corneal opacity in young calves infected with Theileria annulata-report of two cases. Explor Anim Med Res. 2023;13(2):283-286.
  • 22. Sudan V, Sharma RL, Borah MK, Mishra R. Acute bilateral proptosis in a cross bred calf naturally infected with Theileria annulata. J Parasit Dis. 2012;36(2):215-219.
Toplam 22 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Veteriner İç Hastalıkları
Bölüm Case Reports
Yazarlar

Cennet Nur Ünal

Murat Uztimür 0000-0001-9294-1825

Yayımlanma Tarihi 2 Ocak 2025
Gönderilme Tarihi 14 Ağustos 2024
Kabul Tarihi 9 Aralık 2024
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2024 Cilt: 4 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

AMA Ünal CN, Uztimür M. Exophthalmus in a Calf Naturally Infected with Theileria annulata. J Vet Case Rep. Ocak 2025;4(2):23-26. doi:10.5281/zenodo.14638020
 Kapak Resmi İndir

Content of this journal is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial 4.0 International License

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