PES PLANUSLU BİREYLERİN FARKLI TİPTEKİ TABANLIKLARININ ELEKTROMYOGRAFİK KAS AKTİVASYONU ÜZERİNE ETKİSİNİN İNCELENMESİ
Öz
Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı pes planuslu bireylerde değişik materyallerden üretilmiş prefabrikasyon tabanlıkların alt ekstremite kas aktivitesi üzerine etkisini incelemek ve normal ayak arkı olan kişilerde görülen paterne doğru değiştirip değiştirmediğini araştırmaktır.
Yöntem: Tanımlayıcı ve korelasyonel olarak yapılan bu çalışmaya esnek pes planusa sahip 6 birey gönüllü olarak dahil oldu. Bireylerin yaş ortalamaları 33.8±11.1 yıl, boy ortalamaları 1.64±0.06 m, kilo ortalamaları 62.3±7.3 kg, vücut kitle indeksi (VKİ) ortalamaları 23.1±2.7 kg/m2 olarak bulundu. Bireylerin pes planus şiddeti podoskop cihazı ve ayak izi yöntemiyle Clark açısı hesaplanarak ve Ayak Postür İndeksi (APİ) ile ölçüldü. Kas aktivasyonu yüzeyel elektromiyografi (yEMG) cihazı ile maksimum izometrik kontraksiyon (MİK) ve yürüyüş sırasında tabanlıksız, soft (silikon), semirijit (poliform) ve rijit (çelik) tabanlıklar ile birer gün aralıkla ölçüldü.
Bulgular: Tabanlıksız, soft (silikon), semirijit (poliform) ve rijit (çelik) tabanlıklar arasında yürüyüşün aynı fazında %MİK değerlerinde farklılık gözlemlenmedi (p>.05). Tibialis anterior kasından rijit (çelik) tabanlıkla alınan elektromiyografi (EMG) ölçümünde, %MİK değeri açısından yürüyüşün topuk vuruşu (0-%10) fazı ile sallanma (%60-%100) fazları arasında anlamlı bir fark saptandı (p<.05). Peroneus longus kasından semirijit (poliform) tabanlıkla alınan EMG ölçümünde %MİK değeri açısından yürüyüşün orta duruş (%10-%40) fazı ile sallanma (%60-100) fazları arasında anlamlı bir fark saptandı (p<.05).
Sonuç: Rijit (çelik) tabanlık topuk vuruşu fazında sallanma fazına kıyasla tibialis anterior kas aktivasyonunu düşürürken, semirijit (polyform) tabanlık yürüyüşün orta duruş fazında sallanma fazına kıyasla peroneus longus kas aktivasyonunu arttırmaktadır.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kaynakça
- Shibuya N, Kitterman RT, LaFontaine J, Jupiter DC. Demographic, physical, and radiographic factors associated with functional flatfoot deformity. J Foot Ankle Surg. 2014;53(2):168-172.
- Arangio GA, Reinert KL, Salathe EP. A biomechanical model of the effect of subtalar arthroereisis on the adult flexible flat foot. Clin Biomech Bristol Avon. 2004;19(8):847-852.
- Neumann DA. Kinesiology of the musculoskeletal System. 2nd ed. St. Louis, MO: Mosby; 2009.
- Aenumulapalli A. Prevalence of flexible flat foot in adults: A cross-sectional study. J Clin Diagn Res. 2017;11(6): AC17-AC20.
- Ukoha UU, Egwu OA, Okafor IJ, Ogugua PC, Igwenagu VU. Pes planus: Incidence among an adult population in anambra state, southeast nigeria. Int J Biomed Adv Res. March 2012;3(3):166-168.
- Lee MS, Vanore JV, Thomas JL, et al. Diagnosis and treatment of adult flatfoot. J Foot Ankle Surg. 2005;44(2):78-113.
- Fiolkowski P, Brunt D, Bishop M, Woo R, Horodyski M. Intrinsic pedal musculature support of the medial longitudinal arch: an electromyography study. J Foot Ankle Surg. 2003;42(6):327-333.
- Wang WJ, Crompton RH. Analysis of the human and ape foot during bipedal standing with implications for the evolution of the foot. J Biomech. 2004;37(12):1831-1836.
- Murley GS, Landorf KB, Menz HB, Bird AR. Effect of foot posture, foot orthoses and footwear on lower limb muscle activity during walking and running: A systematic review. Gait Posture. 2009;29(2):172-187.
- Kim MK, Lee YS. Kinematic analysis of the lower extremities of subjects with flat feet at different gait speeds. J Phys Ther Sci. 2013;25(5):531-533.
- Xu R, Wang Z, Ren Z, Ma T, Jia Z, Fang S, et al. Comparative study of the effects of customized 3D printed insole and prefabricated insole on plantar pressure and comfort in patients with symptomatic flatfoot. Med Sci Monit. 2019;25:3510-3519.
- Yurt Y, Şener G, Yakut Y. The effect of different foot orthoses on pain and health related quality of life in painful flexible flat foot: a randomized controlled trial. Eur J Phys Rehabil Med. 2019;55(1):95-102.
- AmirAli Jafarnezhadgero, Esmaeili A, Seyed Hamed Mousavi, Urs Granacher. Effects of foot orthoses application during walking on lower limb joint angles and moments in adults with flat Feet: A systematic review with meta-analysis. J Biomech. 2024;176:112345.
- Redmond AC, Crosbie J, Ouvrier RA. Development and validation of a novel rating system for scoring standing foot posture: The foot posture index. Clin Biomech. 2006;21(1):89-98.
- Menz HB, Munteanu SE. Validity of 3 clinical techniques for the measurement of static foot posture in older people. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2005;35(8):479-486.
- Ghazaleh L, Saleh-Sedghpour B, Mohajerinejad N, Mansoobi E. Comparing three footprint grades to evaluate footprint indexes for flat foot diagnosis. Physical treatments: PTJ. 2019;30;137-146.
- Vijayakumar K, Subramanian R, Senthilkumar S, Dineshkumar D. An analysis of arches of foot: A comparison between ink foot print method and custom made podoscope device method. J Pharm Res Int. 2021;3;249-256.
- Peng Y, Wong DWC, Wang Y, et al. Immediate effects of medially posted insoles on lower limb joint contact forces in adult acquired flatfoot: A pilot study. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020;17(7):2226.
- Shin HS, Lee JH, Kim EJ, Kyung MG, Yoo HJ, Lee DY. Flatfoot deformity affected the kinematics of the foot and ankle in proportion to the severity of deformity. Gait posture. 2019;72:123-128.
- Castelein B, Cools A, Parlevliet T, Cagnie B. Modifying the shoulder joint position during shrugging and retraction exercises alters the activation of the medial scapular muscles. Man Ther. 2016;21:250-255.
- Raphaël Hamard, Jeroen Aeles, Kelp NY, Romain Feigean, Hug F, Taylor. Does different activation between the medial and the lateral gastrocnemius during walking translate into different fascicle behavior? J Exp Biol. 2021;224(12).
- Elsais WM, Preece SJ, Jones RK, Herrington L. Between-day repeatability of lower limb EMG measurement during running and walking. J Electromyogr Kinesiol. 2020;55:102473.
- Andreasen J, Mølgaard CM, Christensen M, et al. Exercise therapy and custom-made insoles are effective in patients with excessive pronation and chronic foot pain A randomized controlled trial. Foot. 2013;23(1):22-28.
- Headlee DL, Leonard JL, Hart JM, Ingersoll CD, Hertel J. Fatigue of the plantar intrinsic foot muscles increases navicular drop. J Electromyogr Kinesiol. 2008;18(3):420-425.
- Wulandari, A. D. Wibawa, D. P. Wulandari, I. P. Alit Pawana and S. Rahayu, "The influence of footwear with different sole on the EMG activity of lower limb muscle during walking," 2020 ISITIA, Surabaya, Indonesia, 2020, pp. 180-185.
- Casado-Hernández I, Becerro-de-Bengoa-Vallejo R, Losa-Iglesias ME, et al. Influence of different hardness custom foot insoles in the electromyography activity patterns of the thigh and hip muscles during motorcycling sport: A crossover study. Sensors. 2020;20(6):1551.
- Casado-Hernández I, Becerro-de-Bengoa-Vallejo R, Losa-Iglesias ME, et al. Electromyographic evaluation of the impacts of different insoles in the activity patterns of the lower limb muscles during sport motorcycling: A cross-over trial. Sensors. 2019;19(10):2249.
- Scott LA, Murley GS, Wickham JB. The influence of footwear on the electromyographic activity of selected lower limb muscles during walking. J Electromyogr Kinesiol. 2012;22(6):1010-1016.
- Huang YP, Kim K, Song CY, Chen YH, Peng HT. How arch support insoles help persons with flatfoot on uphill and downhill walking. J Healthc Eng. 2017;2017:9342789.
- Ahmad UH, Kudus NA, Ab Rahman MH, Syifaa’Jamaluddin N, dan Pembuatan FT. Electromyography sensing on tibialis and peroneus muscle against improvised flat feet orthotic insole. Proceedings of Mechanical Engineering Research Day. 2019:16-18.
- Barn R, Brandon M, Rafferty D, et al. Kinematic, kinetic and electromyographic response to customized foot orthoses in patients with tibialis posterior tenosynovitis, pes plano valgus and rheumatoid arthritis. Rheumatol. 2014;53(1):123-130.
- Saeedi H, Mousavi ME, Majddoleslam B, Rahgozar M, Aminian G, et al. The evaluation of modified foot orthosis on muscle activity and kinetic in a subject with flexible flat foot: single case study. Prosthet Orthot Int. 2014;38(2):160-166.
- Murley GS, Landorf KB, Menz HB. Do foot orthoses change lower limb muscle activity in flat-arched feet towards a pattern observed in normal-arched feet? Clin Biomech. 2010;25(7):728-736.
- Banwell HA, Mackintosh S, Thewlis D. Foot orthoses for adults with flexible pes planus: a systematic review. J Foot Ankle Res. 2014;7(1):23.
- AmirAli Jafarnezhadgero, Esmaeili A, Seyed Hamed Mousavi, Urs Granacher. Effects of foot orthoses application during walking on lower limb joint angles and moments in adults with flat Feet: A systematic review with meta-analysis. J Biomech. 2024;176:112345.
INVESTIGATION OF THE EFFECT OF DIFFERENT TYPES OF INSOLES ON ELECTROMYOGRAPHIC MUSCLE ACTIVATION IN INDIVIDUALS WITH PES PLANUS
Öz
Objective: The aim of this study is to examine the effect of prefabricated insoles made of different materials on lower extremity muscle activity in individuals with pes planus and to investigate whether it changes towards the pattern seen in people with normal foot arch.
Method: Six individuals with flexible pes planus participated voluntarily in this descriptive and correlational study. The mean age of the individuals was 33.8±11.1 years, height 1.64±0.06 m, mean weight 62.3±7.3 kg, mean Body Mass Index (BMI) 23.1±2.7 kg/m2. Pes planus severity of individuals was measured with Foot Posture Index (FPI) and Clarke angle using podoscope device and footprint method. Activation of the muscles was measured with a surface electromyography (sEMG) device for maximum isometric contraction (MIC) and during walking without insoles, soft (silicone), semi-rigid (polyform) and rigid (steel) insoles at one-day intervals.
Results: No significant difference in %MIC values was observed among the insoles, soft (silicone), semi-rigid (polyform) and rigid (steel) insoles within the same phase of gait (p>.05). A significant difference was found between the heel strike (0-10%) phase of gait and the swing (60-100%) phases of gait in terms of %MIC value in the electromyography (EMG) measurement taken from the tibialis anterior muscle with a rigid (steel) insole (p<.05). In the EMG measurement taken from the peroneus longus muscle with a semirigid (polyform) insole, a significant difference was found between the mid-stance (10%-40%) phase of the gait and the swing (60-100%) phases in terms of %MIC value (p<.05).
Conclusion: While rigid (steel) insoles reduce tibialis anterior muscle activation in heel strike phase compared to swing phase, semirigid (polyform) insoles increase peroneus longus muscle activation in mid-stance phase of gait compared to swing phase.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kaynakça
- Shibuya N, Kitterman RT, LaFontaine J, Jupiter DC. Demographic, physical, and radiographic factors associated with functional flatfoot deformity. J Foot Ankle Surg. 2014;53(2):168-172.
- Arangio GA, Reinert KL, Salathe EP. A biomechanical model of the effect of subtalar arthroereisis on the adult flexible flat foot. Clin Biomech Bristol Avon. 2004;19(8):847-852.
- Neumann DA. Kinesiology of the musculoskeletal System. 2nd ed. St. Louis, MO: Mosby; 2009.
- Aenumulapalli A. Prevalence of flexible flat foot in adults: A cross-sectional study. J Clin Diagn Res. 2017;11(6): AC17-AC20.
- Ukoha UU, Egwu OA, Okafor IJ, Ogugua PC, Igwenagu VU. Pes planus: Incidence among an adult population in anambra state, southeast nigeria. Int J Biomed Adv Res. March 2012;3(3):166-168.
- Lee MS, Vanore JV, Thomas JL, et al. Diagnosis and treatment of adult flatfoot. J Foot Ankle Surg. 2005;44(2):78-113.
- Fiolkowski P, Brunt D, Bishop M, Woo R, Horodyski M. Intrinsic pedal musculature support of the medial longitudinal arch: an electromyography study. J Foot Ankle Surg. 2003;42(6):327-333.
- Wang WJ, Crompton RH. Analysis of the human and ape foot during bipedal standing with implications for the evolution of the foot. J Biomech. 2004;37(12):1831-1836.
- Murley GS, Landorf KB, Menz HB, Bird AR. Effect of foot posture, foot orthoses and footwear on lower limb muscle activity during walking and running: A systematic review. Gait Posture. 2009;29(2):172-187.
- Kim MK, Lee YS. Kinematic analysis of the lower extremities of subjects with flat feet at different gait speeds. J Phys Ther Sci. 2013;25(5):531-533.
- Xu R, Wang Z, Ren Z, Ma T, Jia Z, Fang S, et al. Comparative study of the effects of customized 3D printed insole and prefabricated insole on plantar pressure and comfort in patients with symptomatic flatfoot. Med Sci Monit. 2019;25:3510-3519.
- Yurt Y, Şener G, Yakut Y. The effect of different foot orthoses on pain and health related quality of life in painful flexible flat foot: a randomized controlled trial. Eur J Phys Rehabil Med. 2019;55(1):95-102.
- AmirAli Jafarnezhadgero, Esmaeili A, Seyed Hamed Mousavi, Urs Granacher. Effects of foot orthoses application during walking on lower limb joint angles and moments in adults with flat Feet: A systematic review with meta-analysis. J Biomech. 2024;176:112345.
- Redmond AC, Crosbie J, Ouvrier RA. Development and validation of a novel rating system for scoring standing foot posture: The foot posture index. Clin Biomech. 2006;21(1):89-98.
- Menz HB, Munteanu SE. Validity of 3 clinical techniques for the measurement of static foot posture in older people. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2005;35(8):479-486.
- Ghazaleh L, Saleh-Sedghpour B, Mohajerinejad N, Mansoobi E. Comparing three footprint grades to evaluate footprint indexes for flat foot diagnosis. Physical treatments: PTJ. 2019;30;137-146.
- Vijayakumar K, Subramanian R, Senthilkumar S, Dineshkumar D. An analysis of arches of foot: A comparison between ink foot print method and custom made podoscope device method. J Pharm Res Int. 2021;3;249-256.
- Peng Y, Wong DWC, Wang Y, et al. Immediate effects of medially posted insoles on lower limb joint contact forces in adult acquired flatfoot: A pilot study. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020;17(7):2226.
- Shin HS, Lee JH, Kim EJ, Kyung MG, Yoo HJ, Lee DY. Flatfoot deformity affected the kinematics of the foot and ankle in proportion to the severity of deformity. Gait posture. 2019;72:123-128.
- Castelein B, Cools A, Parlevliet T, Cagnie B. Modifying the shoulder joint position during shrugging and retraction exercises alters the activation of the medial scapular muscles. Man Ther. 2016;21:250-255.
- Raphaël Hamard, Jeroen Aeles, Kelp NY, Romain Feigean, Hug F, Taylor. Does different activation between the medial and the lateral gastrocnemius during walking translate into different fascicle behavior? J Exp Biol. 2021;224(12).
- Elsais WM, Preece SJ, Jones RK, Herrington L. Between-day repeatability of lower limb EMG measurement during running and walking. J Electromyogr Kinesiol. 2020;55:102473.
- Andreasen J, Mølgaard CM, Christensen M, et al. Exercise therapy and custom-made insoles are effective in patients with excessive pronation and chronic foot pain A randomized controlled trial. Foot. 2013;23(1):22-28.
- Headlee DL, Leonard JL, Hart JM, Ingersoll CD, Hertel J. Fatigue of the plantar intrinsic foot muscles increases navicular drop. J Electromyogr Kinesiol. 2008;18(3):420-425.
- Wulandari, A. D. Wibawa, D. P. Wulandari, I. P. Alit Pawana and S. Rahayu, "The influence of footwear with different sole on the EMG activity of lower limb muscle during walking," 2020 ISITIA, Surabaya, Indonesia, 2020, pp. 180-185.
- Casado-Hernández I, Becerro-de-Bengoa-Vallejo R, Losa-Iglesias ME, et al. Influence of different hardness custom foot insoles in the electromyography activity patterns of the thigh and hip muscles during motorcycling sport: A crossover study. Sensors. 2020;20(6):1551.
- Casado-Hernández I, Becerro-de-Bengoa-Vallejo R, Losa-Iglesias ME, et al. Electromyographic evaluation of the impacts of different insoles in the activity patterns of the lower limb muscles during sport motorcycling: A cross-over trial. Sensors. 2019;19(10):2249.
- Scott LA, Murley GS, Wickham JB. The influence of footwear on the electromyographic activity of selected lower limb muscles during walking. J Electromyogr Kinesiol. 2012;22(6):1010-1016.
- Huang YP, Kim K, Song CY, Chen YH, Peng HT. How arch support insoles help persons with flatfoot on uphill and downhill walking. J Healthc Eng. 2017;2017:9342789.
- Ahmad UH, Kudus NA, Ab Rahman MH, Syifaa’Jamaluddin N, dan Pembuatan FT. Electromyography sensing on tibialis and peroneus muscle against improvised flat feet orthotic insole. Proceedings of Mechanical Engineering Research Day. 2019:16-18.
- Barn R, Brandon M, Rafferty D, et al. Kinematic, kinetic and electromyographic response to customized foot orthoses in patients with tibialis posterior tenosynovitis, pes plano valgus and rheumatoid arthritis. Rheumatol. 2014;53(1):123-130.
- Saeedi H, Mousavi ME, Majddoleslam B, Rahgozar M, Aminian G, et al. The evaluation of modified foot orthosis on muscle activity and kinetic in a subject with flexible flat foot: single case study. Prosthet Orthot Int. 2014;38(2):160-166.
- Murley GS, Landorf KB, Menz HB. Do foot orthoses change lower limb muscle activity in flat-arched feet towards a pattern observed in normal-arched feet? Clin Biomech. 2010;25(7):728-736.
- Banwell HA, Mackintosh S, Thewlis D. Foot orthoses for adults with flexible pes planus: a systematic review. J Foot Ankle Res. 2014;7(1):23.
- AmirAli Jafarnezhadgero, Esmaeili A, Seyed Hamed Mousavi, Urs Granacher. Effects of foot orthoses application during walking on lower limb joint angles and moments in adults with flat Feet: A systematic review with meta-analysis. J Biomech. 2024;176:112345.
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | İngilizce |
|---|---|
| Konular | Fizyoterapi, Protez ve Ortez, Rehabilitasyon |
| Bölüm | Araştırma Makaleleri |
| Yazarlar | |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 28 Nisan 2025 |
| Gönderilme Tarihi | 23 Ağustos 2024 |
| Kabul Tarihi | 31 Ocak 2025 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2025 Cilt: 6 Sayı: 1 |
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