Öz
Purpose:
This study evaluates the dietary patterns of children presenting to the ENT polyclinic and to investigate whether non-adherence to the Mediterranean diet is associated with an increased number of ENT visits.
Materials and Methods:
A total of 539 children aged between 4 and 16 years were included in the study. Data on age, gender, and the presence of any additional chronic diseases were collected. Participants were categorized into groups based on their primary complaints, and their dietary habits were assessed using the Turkish version of the Mediterranean Diet Quality Index for Children and Adolescents (KIDMED) questionnaire. Statistical comparisons of KIDMED scores between groups were performed using Welch t-tests and chi-square tests, with the significance level set at p<0.05.
Results:
The overall mean KIDMED score was 5.48 ± 2.18. Children with recurrent upper respiratory tract infections (5.01 ± 2.31), obstructive symptoms (5.74 ± 2.34), and allergic rhinitis (4.93 ± 1.80) had significantly lower scores than the control group (6.42 ± 1.39). These groups also exhibited a higher frequency of fast food and processed food consumption, coupled with lower intakes of fish and fruit. Additionally, children with allergic conditions and those older than 10 years demonstrated poorer adherence to the Mediterranean diet.
Conclusion:
The findings suggest that poor diet quality, as evaluated by low adherence to a Mediterranean diet, is associated with increased ENT morbidity in children—especially among those with recurrent infections and allergic conditions. These results highlight the potential benefit of incorporating dietary interventions aimed at reducing fast food consumption and promoting nutrient-dense foods into pediatric ENT management strategies.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Mediterranean Diet Allergic Rhinitis Recurrent Upper Respiratory Tract Infection
Kaynakça
- 1. Papadaki A, Nolen-Doerr E, Mantzoros CS. The effect of the mediterranean diet on metabolic health: A systematic review and meta-analysis of controlled trials in adults. Nutrients. 2020;12(11):3342.
- 2. Venter C, Eyerich S, Sarin T, Klatt KC. Nutrition and the immune system: A complicated tango. Nutrients. 2020;12(3):818.
- 3. Koyama T. A food consumption-based diet quality score and its correlation with nutrient intake adequacy among japanese children. Cureus. 2021;13(11):e19337.
- 4. Hamurcu P. 8-12 yaş grubu çocuklarda yeme davranışı, beslenme özyeterliliği, ebeveynlerin çocuklarin beslenme tarzi üzerine etkisi ile sağlik ve yaşam kalitesi ilişkisi. Kocatepe Tıp Dergisi. 2023;24(4):443-51.
- 5. Elmas B, Özdemır Ö. Çocukluk çaği astımının kontrol ve şiddet düzeyi ile serum Çinko düzeyleri arasindaki ilişki. Kocatepe Tıp Dergisi. 2018;19(1):17-23.
- 6. Castro-Rodriguez JA, Garcia-Marcos L. What are the effects of a mediterranean diet on allergies and asthma in children? Front Pediatr. 2017;5:72.
- 7. Vinciguerra F, Graziano M, Hagnas M, Frittitta L, Tumminia A. Influence of the mediterranean and ketogenic diets on cognitive status and decline: A narrative review. Nutrients. 2020;12(4):1019.
- 8. Garcia-Marcos L, Castro-Rodriguez JA, Weinmayr G, Panagiotakos DB, Priftis KN, Nagel G. Influence of mediterranean diet on asthma in children: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Pediatr Allergy Immunol. 2013;24(4):330-8.
- 9. Monteiro CA, Cannon G, Levy RB, et al. Ultra-processed foods: What they are and how to identify them. Public Health Nutr. 2019;22(5):936-41.
- 10. Chatzi L, Apostolaki G, Bibakis I, et al. Protective effect of fruits, vegetables and the mediterranean diet on asthma and allergies among children in crete. Thorax. 2007;62(8):677-83.
- 11. Chatzi L, Kogevinas M. Prenatal and childhood mediterranean diet and the development of asthma and allergies in children. Public Health Nutr. 2009;12(9A):1629-34.
- 12. Calatayud-Saez FM, Calatayud B, Calatayud A. Effects of the traditional mediterranean diet in patients with otitis media with effusion. Nutrients. 2021;13(7):2181.
- 13. Kaya ÇA, Temiz G. The turkish version of the mediterranean diet quality index (kidmed). Turkish Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care. 2021;15(2):341-7.
- 14. Flint HJ, Duncan SH, Scott KP, et al. Links between diet, gut microbiota composition and gut metabolism. Proc Nutr Soc. 2015;74(1):13-22.
- 15. Kolbe AR, Castro-Nallar E, Preciado D, Perez-Losada M. Altered middle ear microbiome in children with chronic otitis media with effusion and respiratory illnesses. Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2019;4(9):339.
- 16. Venter C, Meyer RW, Greenhawt M, et al. Role of dietary fiber in promoting immune health an eaaci position paper. Allergy. 2022;77(11):3185-98.
- 17. Venter C, Greenhawt M, Meyer RW, et al. Eaaci position paper on diet diversity in pregnancy, infancy and childhood: Novel concepts and implications for studies in allergy and asthma. Allergy. 2020;75(3):497-523.
- 18. Gareau MG, Sherman PM, Walker WA. Probiotics and the gut microbiota in intestinal health and disease. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2010;7(9):503-14.
- 19. Myles IA, Pincus NB, Fontecilla NM, Datta SK. Effects of parental omega-3 fatty acid intake on offspring microbiome and immunity. PLoS One. 2014;9(1):e87181.
- 20. Brown K, DeCoffe D, Molcan E, Gibson DL. Diet-induced dysbiosis of the intestinal microbiota and the effects on immunity and disease. Nutrients. 2012;4(8):1095-119.
- 21. Vanderhoof JA, Mitmesser SH. Probiotics in the management of children with allergy and other disorders of intestinal inflammation. Benef Microbes. 2010;1(4):351-6.
- 22. Saulle R, La Torre G. The mediterranean diet, recognized by unesco as a cultural heritage of humanity. Italian Journal of Public Health. 2010;7(4):414-5.
- 23. De Filippis F, Pellegrini N, Vannini L, et al. High-level adherence to a mediterranean diet beneficially impacts the gut microbiota and associated metabolome. Gut. 2016;65(11):1812-21.
- 24. Schroder H, Marrugat J, Vila J, et al. Adherence to the traditional mediterranean diet is inversely associated with body mass index and obesity in a spanish population. J Nutr. 2004;134(12):3355-61.
- 25. Merra G, Noce A, Marrone G, et al. Influence of mediterranean diet on human gut microbiota. Nutrients. 2020;13(1):7.
- 26. Verduci E, Martelli A, Miniello V, et al. Nutrition in the first 1000 days and respiratory health: A descriptive review of the last five years’ literature. Allergologia et Immunopathologia. 2017;45(4):405-13.
- 27. Estruch R, Ros E, Salas-Salvado J, et al. Primary prevention of cardiovascular disease with a mediterranean diet. N Engl J Med. 2013;368(14):1279-90.
- 28. Koumpagioti D, Boutopoulou B, Moriki D, Priftis KN, Douros K. Does adherence to the mediterranean diet have a protective effect against asthma and allergies in children? A systematic review. Nutrients. 2022;14(8):1618.
- 29. Walker RE, Walker CG, Camargo CA, et al. Nasal microbial composition and chronic otitis media with effusion: A case-control study. PLoS One. 2019;14(2):e0212473.
- 30. Kania R, Vironneau P, Dang H, et al. Bacterial biofilm in adenoids of children with chronic otitis media. Part i: A case control study of prevalence of biofilms in adenoids, risk factors and middle ear biofilms. Acta Otolaryngol. 2019;139(4):345-50.
- 31. Arild Danielsen K, Eskeland O, Fridrich-Aas K, Cecilie Orszagh V, Bachmann-Harildstad G, Burum-Auensen E. Bacterial biofilms in chronic rhinosinusitis; distribution and prevalence. Acta Otolaryngol. 2016;136(1):109-12.
- 32. Desbouys L, De Ridder K, Rouche M, et al. Food consumption in adolescents and young adults: Age-specific socio-economic and cultural disparities (belgian food consumption survey 2014). Nutrients. 2019;11(7):1520.
ÇOCUKLARDA KULAK-BURUN- BOĞAZ POLİKLİNİK ZİYARETLERİNDEKİ ARTIŞIN BİR BELİRTİSİ OLARAK KÖTÜ BESLENME KALİTESİ
Öz
AMAÇ: Bu çalışmanın amacı Kulak Burun Boğaz (KBB) polikliniğine başvuran çocukların beslenme alışkanlıklarını değerlendirmek ve Akdeniz diyetine uyumun KBB ziyaretleriyle ilişkili olup olmadığını araştırmaktır.
GEREÇ VE YÖNTEM: Çalışmaya 4 ile 16 yaşları arasında toplam 539 çocuk dahil edilmiştir. Katılımcılardan yaş, cinsiyet ve ek kronik hastalık varlığına ilişkin veriler toplanmıştır. Katılımcılar, temel şikayetlerine göre gruplara ayrılmış ve beslenme alışkanlıkları, Çocuklar ve Ergenler için Akdeniz Diyet Kalite İndeksi (KIDMED) anketi Türkçe versiyonu ile değerlendirilmiştir. KIDMED skorlarının gruplar arasındaki istatistiksel karşılaştırmaları Welch t-testi ve ki-kare testi kullanılarak yapılmış ve anlamlılık düzeyi p<0,05 olarak kabul edilmiştir.
BULGULAR: Genel ortalama KIDMED skoru 5,48 ± 2,18 olarak bulunmuştur. Tekrarlayan üst solunum yolu enfeksiyonu (5,01 ± 2,31), obstrüktif semptomlar (5,74 ± 2,34) ve alerjik rinit (4,93 ± 1,80) olan çocukların skorları, kontrol grubuna (6,42 ± 1,39) kıyasla anlamlı derecede daha düşük bulunmuştur. Bu gruplarda ayrıca fast food ve işlenmiş gıda tüketimi daha sık olup, balık ve meyve alımı daha düşük düzeyde bulunmuştur. Ayrıca, 10 yaşından büyük çocuklar ve alerjik hastalıkları olanlar, Akdeniz diyetine daha düşük uyum göstermiştir.
SONUÇ: Bulgular, düşük Akdeniz diyeti uyumu ile değerlendirilen zayıf beslenme kalitesinin, çocuklarda özellikle tekrarlayan enfeksiyonları ve alerjik hastalıkları olanlarda artmış KBB morbiditesi ile ilişkili olduğunu göstermektedir. Bu sonuçlar, fast food tüketiminin azaltılması ve besleyici gıdaların teşvik edilmesine yönelik beslenme müdahalelerinin, pediatrik KBB yönetim stratejilerine dahil edilmesinin potansiyel faydalarını vurgulamaktadır.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Diyet Akdeniz Rinit Alerjik Tekrarlayan Üst Solunum Yolu Enfeksiyonu.
Teşekkür
The statistical analysis was carried out by K. Hugh Ferry. We would like to thank Kübra Öz for her help in organizing the questionnaire.
Kaynakça
- 1. Papadaki A, Nolen-Doerr E, Mantzoros CS. The effect of the mediterranean diet on metabolic health: A systematic review and meta-analysis of controlled trials in adults. Nutrients. 2020;12(11):3342.
- 2. Venter C, Eyerich S, Sarin T, Klatt KC. Nutrition and the immune system: A complicated tango. Nutrients. 2020;12(3):818.
- 3. Koyama T. A food consumption-based diet quality score and its correlation with nutrient intake adequacy among japanese children. Cureus. 2021;13(11):e19337.
- 4. Hamurcu P. 8-12 yaş grubu çocuklarda yeme davranışı, beslenme özyeterliliği, ebeveynlerin çocuklarin beslenme tarzi üzerine etkisi ile sağlik ve yaşam kalitesi ilişkisi. Kocatepe Tıp Dergisi. 2023;24(4):443-51.
- 5. Elmas B, Özdemır Ö. Çocukluk çaği astımının kontrol ve şiddet düzeyi ile serum Çinko düzeyleri arasindaki ilişki. Kocatepe Tıp Dergisi. 2018;19(1):17-23.
- 6. Castro-Rodriguez JA, Garcia-Marcos L. What are the effects of a mediterranean diet on allergies and asthma in children? Front Pediatr. 2017;5:72.
- 7. Vinciguerra F, Graziano M, Hagnas M, Frittitta L, Tumminia A. Influence of the mediterranean and ketogenic diets on cognitive status and decline: A narrative review. Nutrients. 2020;12(4):1019.
- 8. Garcia-Marcos L, Castro-Rodriguez JA, Weinmayr G, Panagiotakos DB, Priftis KN, Nagel G. Influence of mediterranean diet on asthma in children: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Pediatr Allergy Immunol. 2013;24(4):330-8.
- 9. Monteiro CA, Cannon G, Levy RB, et al. Ultra-processed foods: What they are and how to identify them. Public Health Nutr. 2019;22(5):936-41.
- 10. Chatzi L, Apostolaki G, Bibakis I, et al. Protective effect of fruits, vegetables and the mediterranean diet on asthma and allergies among children in crete. Thorax. 2007;62(8):677-83.
- 11. Chatzi L, Kogevinas M. Prenatal and childhood mediterranean diet and the development of asthma and allergies in children. Public Health Nutr. 2009;12(9A):1629-34.
- 12. Calatayud-Saez FM, Calatayud B, Calatayud A. Effects of the traditional mediterranean diet in patients with otitis media with effusion. Nutrients. 2021;13(7):2181.
- 13. Kaya ÇA, Temiz G. The turkish version of the mediterranean diet quality index (kidmed). Turkish Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care. 2021;15(2):341-7.
- 14. Flint HJ, Duncan SH, Scott KP, et al. Links between diet, gut microbiota composition and gut metabolism. Proc Nutr Soc. 2015;74(1):13-22.
- 15. Kolbe AR, Castro-Nallar E, Preciado D, Perez-Losada M. Altered middle ear microbiome in children with chronic otitis media with effusion and respiratory illnesses. Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2019;4(9):339.
- 16. Venter C, Meyer RW, Greenhawt M, et al. Role of dietary fiber in promoting immune health an eaaci position paper. Allergy. 2022;77(11):3185-98.
- 17. Venter C, Greenhawt M, Meyer RW, et al. Eaaci position paper on diet diversity in pregnancy, infancy and childhood: Novel concepts and implications for studies in allergy and asthma. Allergy. 2020;75(3):497-523.
- 18. Gareau MG, Sherman PM, Walker WA. Probiotics and the gut microbiota in intestinal health and disease. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2010;7(9):503-14.
- 19. Myles IA, Pincus NB, Fontecilla NM, Datta SK. Effects of parental omega-3 fatty acid intake on offspring microbiome and immunity. PLoS One. 2014;9(1):e87181.
- 20. Brown K, DeCoffe D, Molcan E, Gibson DL. Diet-induced dysbiosis of the intestinal microbiota and the effects on immunity and disease. Nutrients. 2012;4(8):1095-119.
- 21. Vanderhoof JA, Mitmesser SH. Probiotics in the management of children with allergy and other disorders of intestinal inflammation. Benef Microbes. 2010;1(4):351-6.
- 22. Saulle R, La Torre G. The mediterranean diet, recognized by unesco as a cultural heritage of humanity. Italian Journal of Public Health. 2010;7(4):414-5.
- 23. De Filippis F, Pellegrini N, Vannini L, et al. High-level adherence to a mediterranean diet beneficially impacts the gut microbiota and associated metabolome. Gut. 2016;65(11):1812-21.
- 24. Schroder H, Marrugat J, Vila J, et al. Adherence to the traditional mediterranean diet is inversely associated with body mass index and obesity in a spanish population. J Nutr. 2004;134(12):3355-61.
- 25. Merra G, Noce A, Marrone G, et al. Influence of mediterranean diet on human gut microbiota. Nutrients. 2020;13(1):7.
- 26. Verduci E, Martelli A, Miniello V, et al. Nutrition in the first 1000 days and respiratory health: A descriptive review of the last five years’ literature. Allergologia et Immunopathologia. 2017;45(4):405-13.
- 27. Estruch R, Ros E, Salas-Salvado J, et al. Primary prevention of cardiovascular disease with a mediterranean diet. N Engl J Med. 2013;368(14):1279-90.
- 28. Koumpagioti D, Boutopoulou B, Moriki D, Priftis KN, Douros K. Does adherence to the mediterranean diet have a protective effect against asthma and allergies in children? A systematic review. Nutrients. 2022;14(8):1618.
- 29. Walker RE, Walker CG, Camargo CA, et al. Nasal microbial composition and chronic otitis media with effusion: A case-control study. PLoS One. 2019;14(2):e0212473.
- 30. Kania R, Vironneau P, Dang H, et al. Bacterial biofilm in adenoids of children with chronic otitis media. Part i: A case control study of prevalence of biofilms in adenoids, risk factors and middle ear biofilms. Acta Otolaryngol. 2019;139(4):345-50.
- 31. Arild Danielsen K, Eskeland O, Fridrich-Aas K, Cecilie Orszagh V, Bachmann-Harildstad G, Burum-Auensen E. Bacterial biofilms in chronic rhinosinusitis; distribution and prevalence. Acta Otolaryngol. 2016;136(1):109-12.
- 32. Desbouys L, De Ridder K, Rouche M, et al. Food consumption in adolescents and young adults: Age-specific socio-economic and cultural disparities (belgian food consumption survey 2014). Nutrients. 2019;11(7):1520.
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | Türkçe |
|---|---|
| Konular | Beslenme Bilimi, Kulak Burun Boğaz |
| Bölüm | Makaleler-Araştırma Yazıları |
| Yazarlar | |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 16 Temmuz 2025 |
| Gönderilme Tarihi | 10 Mart 2025 |
| Kabul Tarihi | 27 Mayıs 2025 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2025 Cilt: 26 Sayı: 3 |
Kaynak Göster
