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Dini Milliyetçiliğin Müphemliği: Kavramsal Bir Berraklaştırma Girişimi

Yıl 2025, Sayı: 118, 117 - 143, 18.06.2025

Muttalip Çağlayan

https://doi.org/10.36484/liberal.1667219

Öz

Milliyetçilik çalışmalarında uzun süre ihmal edilen milliyetçilik ile kutsal inançlar arasındaki ilişki, günümüzde devletlerin, devlet dışı aktörlerin ve siyasi liderlerin dinin duygusal repertuarına sıkça başvurmasıyla birlikte belirginlik kazanmıştır. Bununla birlikte, dini milliyetçiliğe ilişkin literatür kavramsal ve kuramsal düzeyde henüz yeterince olgunlaşmamıştır. Bu çalışma, kavramın içerdiği belirsizlikleri ele alarak, bu sorunu aşmak amacıyla üçlü bir kategori önerisinde bulunmaktadır. İlk kategoride, dinin etnik kimlikle özdeşleşmesi ve zamanla etnikleşmesi incelenirken; ikincide, dinin milli ideallerle bütünleşerek ulusal birliğin pekişmesindeki rolüne ışık tutulmaktadır. Üçüncü kategori ise, dini kimliğin medeniyet düzeyinde sınır inşası işlevine odaklanmaktadır. Çalışma, seküler ve dini milliyetçilik arasındaki karmaşık etkileşimlerin hibrit modeller ortaya çıkardığını ve
sekülerleşme ile dindarlaşma süreçlerinin esnek, bağlama duyarlı ve yeniden üretilebilir olduğunu savunmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Din Milliyetçilik Melezleşme Sekülerleşme

Kaynakça

  • Anderson, B. (1983). Imagined communities: Reflections on the origin and spread of nationalism. Verso.
  • Asad, T. (2003). Formations of the Secular: Christianity, Islam, Modernity. Stanford University Press.
  • Berger, P. L. (1967). The sacred canopy: Elements of a sociological theory of religion. Open road media.
  • Berger, P. L. (1969). A rumor of angels: Modern society and the rediscovery of the supernatural. Anchor (Vol. 715). Garden City, NY: Doubleday.
  • Berger, P. L. (1996). Secularism in retreat. The National Interest, (46), 3-12.
  • Berger, P. (1997). Epistemological modesty: an interview with Peter Berger. Christian Century, 114(30), 974.
  • Berger, P. L. (2017). The desecularization of the world: A global overview. The new sociology of knowledge, 61-76.
  • Bougarel, X. (2018). Bosnia-Herzegovina–How much Did Islam Matter?. Journal of Modern European History, 16(2), 164-168.
  • Brass, P. R. (1991) Ethnicity and Nationalism: Theory and Comparison, Sage Publications.
  • Breuilly, John. (1994). Nationalism and the State. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
  • Brubaker, R. (2006). Ethnicity without groups. Harvard university press.
  • Brubaker, R. (2012). Religion and nationalism: Four approaches. Nations and nationalism, 18(1), 2-20.
  • Bruce, S. (2002). God is Dead: Secularization in the West. Oxford: Blackwell.
  • Casanova, J. (1994). Public religions in the modern world. University of Chicago press.
  • Connor, W. (1978). A nation is a nation, is a state, is an ethnic group is a…. Ethnic and racial studies, 1(4), 377-400.
  • Çağlayan, M. (2024). How does religion influence an emerging nationalism? Evidence from the Kurdish context in Turkey. Nations and Nationalism.
  • Çetinsaya, G. (1999). Rethinking nationalism and Islam: some preliminary notes on the roots of “Turkish-Islamic Synthesis” in modern Turkish political thought. The Muslim World, 89(3-4), 350-376.
  • Demerath, N. J. (2003). Crossing the gods: World religions and worldly politics. Rutgers University Press.
  • Dingley, J. (2011). Sacred communities: Religion and national identities. National Identities, 13(4), 389-402.
  • Durkheim, E. (1995). The elementary forms of religious life. The Free Press.
  • Eastwood, J. ve Prevalakis, N. (2010). Nationalism, religion, and secularization: An opportune moment for research. Review of Religious Research, 90-111.
  • Enayat, Ḥ. (1982). Modern Islamic Political Thought: The response of the Shi’i and Sunni Muslims to the twentieth century. Macmillan.
  • Farzaneh, M. M. (2007). Shi’i ideology, Iranian secular nationalism and the Iran-Iraq war (1980–1988). Studies in Ethnicity and Nationalism, 7(1), 86-103.
  • Flood, G. (2006). Reflections on Tradition and Inquiry in the Study of Religions. Journal of the American Academy of Religion, 74(1), 47-58.
  • Gans, H. J. (1994). Symbolic ethnicity and symbolic religiosity: Towards a comparison of ethnic and religious acculturation. Ethnic and racial studies, 17(4), 577-592.
  • Gellner, E. (1964). Thought and Change. London: Weidenfeld and Nicolson. 1983. Nations and Nationalism. Ithaca: Cornell University Press.
  • Gellner, E. (1983). Nations and Nationalism. Cornell University Press.
  • Geoff Eley and Ronald Grigor Suny (Oxford/New York: Oxford University Press, 1996), pp. 41-55.
  • Gorski, P. S. (2000). The mosaic moment: An early modernist critique of modernist theories of nationalism. American Journal of Sociology, 105(5), 1428-1468.
  • Gorski, P. S. ve Perry, S. L. (2022). The flag and the cross: White Christian nationalism and the threat to American democracy. Oxford University Press.
  • Greenfeld, Liah (1996). The modern religion?. Critical Review, 10(2), 169-191.
  • Greenfeld, L. (2005). Nationalism and the mind. Nations and Nationalism, 11(3), 325–341.
  • Gurses, M., Fox, J., & Ozturk, A. E. (2023). State and faith: the supply-side theory of religion and the case of Turkey. Southeast European and Black Sea Studies, 24(3), 617–637.
  • Hastings, A. (1997). The construction of nationhood: Ethnicity, religion and nationalism. Cambridge University Press.
  • Haynes, J. (2010). Politics, identity and religious nationalism in Turkey: from Atatürk to the AKP. Australian Journal of International Affairs, 64(3), 312-327.
  • Hechter, M. (1975). Internal colonialism: The Celtic fringe in British national development. University of California Press
  • Hibbard, S. W. (2010). Religious politics and secular states: Egypt, India, and the United States. Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press.
  • Hobsbawm, E. J. (1990) Nations and Nationalism since 1780: Programme, Myth, Reality, Cambridge University Press. Hroch, M. (1993). Social preconditions of national revival in Europe: A comparative analysis of the social composition of patriotic groups among the smaller European nations. Columbia University Press.
  • Islam, M. (2024). Authoritarianism and majoritarian religious nationalism in contemporary India. World Affairs, 187(2), 137-150.
  • Iveković, I. (2002). Nationalism and the political use and abuse of religion: The politicization of orthodoxy, Catholicism, and Islam in Yugoslav successor states. Social Compass, 49(4), 523–536.
  • Juergensmeyer, M. (2019). The new religious state. In Religion and Politics (pp. 259-271). Routledge.
  • Juergensmeyer, M. (2023). The new cold war?: Religious nationalism confronts the secular state (Vol. 5). Univ of California Press.
  • Kadıoğlu, A. (1996). The paradox of Turkish nationalism and the construction of official identity. Middle Eastern Studies, 32(2), 177-193.
  • Kardaş, M. Ö. (2023). The ‘ascendance’ of deism in Turkey: Context, drivers and debate. Southeast European and Black Sea Studies, 24(3), 595–615.
  • Keddie, N. R. (1998). The new religious politics: where, when, and why do fundamentalisms appear?. Comparative studies in society and history, 40(4), 696-723.
  • Kedourie, E. (1996) Nationalism, Oxford: Blackwell, 4th Expanded Edition
  • Köseoğlu, T. (2023). Mukaddesatçılık: A Cold War Ideology of Muslim Turkish Ressentiment. International Journal of Middle East Studies, 55(1), 84–105.
  • Kurt, U. (2010). The Doctrine of “Turkish-Islamic Synthesis” as Official Ideology of the September 12 and the “Intellectuals’ Hearth–Aydınlar Ocağı as the Ideological Apparatus of the State. European Journal of Economic and Political Studies, 3(2), 2010.
  • Lord, C. (2017). Between Islam and the nation; nation-building, the ulama and Alevi identity in Turkey. Nations and Nationalism, 23(1), 48-67.
  • Margolis M.F. (2020). Who Wants to Make America Great Again? Understanding Evangelical Support for Donald Trump. Politics and Religion, 13(1), ss. 89-118.
  • Marsh, C., Herb, G. H. ve Kaplan, D. H. (2007). Religion and nationalism. Nations and Nationalism, 1, 1770-1880.
  • McGarry, J. ve O’Leary, B. (1995). Explaining Northern Ireland: Broken Images. Wiley-Blackwell.
  • Mitchell, C. (2006). The religious content of ethnic identities. Sociology, 40(6), ss.1135-1152.
  • Myhill, J. (2010). The Islamization Of Arab Nationalism. Critical Review, 22(1), ss.19–43.
  • Nairn, T. (1977). The break-up of Britain: Crisis and neo-nationalism. Verso.
  • Nandy, A. (1997). The Twilight of Certitudes: Secularism, Hindu Nationalism, and other Masks of Deculturation. Alternatives, 22(2), ss.157-176.
  • Oommen, T. K. (1997). Citizenship, nationality and ethnicity: Reconciling competing identities. Cambridge: Polity Press.
  • Özkırımlı, U. (2009). Milliyetçilik kuramları: Eleştirel bir bakış. Doğu Batı Yayınları.
  • Renan, Ernest. 1996. “What Is a Nation?,” çev. Martin Thom, Becoming National: A Reader, der. Geoff Eley and Ronald Grigor Suny, Oxford University Press, ss. 41-55.
  • Rieffer, B. A. J. (2003). Religion and nationalism: Understanding the consequences of a complex relationship. Ethnicities, 3(2), 215-242.
  • Roshwald, Aviel. (2006). The endurance of nationalism: Ancient roots and modern dilemmas. Cambridge University Press.
  • Saygı, H. ve Aslan, C. (2020). Türkiye’de Partilerin Milliyetçilik ve Din Anlayışları. Liberal Düşünce Dergisi, 25(99), ss.79-104.
  • Shady, S. N. (2021). Territory and the divine: the intersection of religion and national identity. West European Politics, 45(4), 744–766.
  • Smith, A. D. (1996). Opening statement Nations and their pasts. Nations and nationalism, 2(3), 358-365.
  • Smith AD. (2000). The Sacred Dimension of Nationalism. Millennium, 29(3):791-814.
  • Smith, A. D. (2003). Chosen peoples. Oxford University Press.
  • Snyder, L. L. (1976). Varieties of nationalism: A comparative study. Dryden Press.
  • Soper, J. C. ve Fetzer, J. S. (2018). A Theory of Religion and Nationalism. Religion and Nationalism in Global Perspective.
  • Spohn, W. (2003). Multiple modernity, nationalism and religion: a global perspective. Current sociology, 51(3-4), 265-286.
  • Stark, R. (1999). Secularization, rip. Sociology of religion, 60(3), 249-273.
  • Stroup, D. R. (2017). Boundaries of belief: Religious practices and the construction of ethnic identity in Hui Muslim communities. Ethnic and Racial Studies, 40(6), 988-1006.
  • Tibi, B. (1997). Arab nationalism: between Islam and the nation-state. Springer.
  • Uzer, U. (2016). An intellectual history of Turkish nationalism: between Turkish ethnicity and Islamic identity. Insight Turkey, 18(4), 228-231.
  • Van der Veer, P. (1994). Religious nationalism: Hindus and muslims in India. Univ of California Press.
  • Van Der Veer, P. (2008). Religion, secularism, and the nation. India Review, 7(4), 378-396.
  • Weber, M. (1993). The sociology of religion. Beacon Press.
  • White, J. (2014). Muslim Nationalism and the new Turks, Princeton University Press
  • Whitehead, A. L., Perry, S. L. ve Baker, J. O. (2018). Make America Christian again: Christian nationalism and voting for Donald Trump in the 2016 presidential election. Sociology of religion, 79(2), 147-171.
  • Wilson, B. (1983). Religion in sociological perspective. Oxford University Press.
  • Yıldız, T. ve Çengel, E. (2024). The Repertoires of Religious Nationalism: The Case of İsmet Özel. Nationalities Papers, 52(2), 380-396.
  • Zubaida, S. (2004). Islam and nationalism: continuities and contradictions. Nations & Nationalism, 10(4)

Ambiguity of Religious Nationalism: An Attempt of Conceptual Clarification

Yıl 2025, Sayı: 118, 117 - 143, 18.06.2025

Muttalip Çağlayan

https://doi.org/10.36484/liberal.1667219

Öz

Nationalism studies have long overlooked the intricate relationship between the sacred and the profane, largely due to the tendency to reduce nationalism to a purely secular phenomenon. This, however, has shifted as states, non-state actors, and transnational organizations increasingly invoke the emotional repertoire of religion. Nevertheless, the scholarly literature on religious nationalism remains underdeveloped at both the conceptual and theoretical levels. This study addresses the conceptual ambiguity surrounding the term religious nationalism by proposing a threefold categorization to overcome this issue. The first category examines the alignment of religion with ethnic identity, including its transformation into an ethnic marker. The second explores how religion reinforces national unity by intertwining with national claims. The third focuses on the use of religion as a boundary marker at the civilizational level. This study argues that the complex interplay between secular and religious nationalism gives rise to hybrid models in which secularization and religiosity coexist as flexible processes that are constantly evolving and subject to change.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Religion Nationalism Secularization Hybridization

Kaynakça

  • Anderson, B. (1983). Imagined communities: Reflections on the origin and spread of nationalism. Verso.
  • Asad, T. (2003). Formations of the Secular: Christianity, Islam, Modernity. Stanford University Press.
  • Berger, P. L. (1967). The sacred canopy: Elements of a sociological theory of religion. Open road media.
  • Berger, P. L. (1969). A rumor of angels: Modern society and the rediscovery of the supernatural. Anchor (Vol. 715). Garden City, NY: Doubleday.
  • Berger, P. L. (1996). Secularism in retreat. The National Interest, (46), 3-12.
  • Berger, P. (1997). Epistemological modesty: an interview with Peter Berger. Christian Century, 114(30), 974.
  • Berger, P. L. (2017). The desecularization of the world: A global overview. The new sociology of knowledge, 61-76.
  • Bougarel, X. (2018). Bosnia-Herzegovina–How much Did Islam Matter?. Journal of Modern European History, 16(2), 164-168.
  • Brass, P. R. (1991) Ethnicity and Nationalism: Theory and Comparison, Sage Publications.
  • Breuilly, John. (1994). Nationalism and the State. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
  • Brubaker, R. (2006). Ethnicity without groups. Harvard university press.
  • Brubaker, R. (2012). Religion and nationalism: Four approaches. Nations and nationalism, 18(1), 2-20.
  • Bruce, S. (2002). God is Dead: Secularization in the West. Oxford: Blackwell.
  • Casanova, J. (1994). Public religions in the modern world. University of Chicago press.
  • Connor, W. (1978). A nation is a nation, is a state, is an ethnic group is a…. Ethnic and racial studies, 1(4), 377-400.
  • Çağlayan, M. (2024). How does religion influence an emerging nationalism? Evidence from the Kurdish context in Turkey. Nations and Nationalism.
  • Çetinsaya, G. (1999). Rethinking nationalism and Islam: some preliminary notes on the roots of “Turkish-Islamic Synthesis” in modern Turkish political thought. The Muslim World, 89(3-4), 350-376.
  • Demerath, N. J. (2003). Crossing the gods: World religions and worldly politics. Rutgers University Press.
  • Dingley, J. (2011). Sacred communities: Religion and national identities. National Identities, 13(4), 389-402.
  • Durkheim, E. (1995). The elementary forms of religious life. The Free Press.
  • Eastwood, J. ve Prevalakis, N. (2010). Nationalism, religion, and secularization: An opportune moment for research. Review of Religious Research, 90-111.
  • Enayat, Ḥ. (1982). Modern Islamic Political Thought: The response of the Shi’i and Sunni Muslims to the twentieth century. Macmillan.
  • Farzaneh, M. M. (2007). Shi’i ideology, Iranian secular nationalism and the Iran-Iraq war (1980–1988). Studies in Ethnicity and Nationalism, 7(1), 86-103.
  • Flood, G. (2006). Reflections on Tradition and Inquiry in the Study of Religions. Journal of the American Academy of Religion, 74(1), 47-58.
  • Gans, H. J. (1994). Symbolic ethnicity and symbolic religiosity: Towards a comparison of ethnic and religious acculturation. Ethnic and racial studies, 17(4), 577-592.
  • Gellner, E. (1964). Thought and Change. London: Weidenfeld and Nicolson. 1983. Nations and Nationalism. Ithaca: Cornell University Press.
  • Gellner, E. (1983). Nations and Nationalism. Cornell University Press.
  • Geoff Eley and Ronald Grigor Suny (Oxford/New York: Oxford University Press, 1996), pp. 41-55.
  • Gorski, P. S. (2000). The mosaic moment: An early modernist critique of modernist theories of nationalism. American Journal of Sociology, 105(5), 1428-1468.
  • Gorski, P. S. ve Perry, S. L. (2022). The flag and the cross: White Christian nationalism and the threat to American democracy. Oxford University Press.
  • Greenfeld, Liah (1996). The modern religion?. Critical Review, 10(2), 169-191.
  • Greenfeld, L. (2005). Nationalism and the mind. Nations and Nationalism, 11(3), 325–341.
  • Gurses, M., Fox, J., & Ozturk, A. E. (2023). State and faith: the supply-side theory of religion and the case of Turkey. Southeast European and Black Sea Studies, 24(3), 617–637.
  • Hastings, A. (1997). The construction of nationhood: Ethnicity, religion and nationalism. Cambridge University Press.
  • Haynes, J. (2010). Politics, identity and religious nationalism in Turkey: from Atatürk to the AKP. Australian Journal of International Affairs, 64(3), 312-327.
  • Hechter, M. (1975). Internal colonialism: The Celtic fringe in British national development. University of California Press
  • Hibbard, S. W. (2010). Religious politics and secular states: Egypt, India, and the United States. Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press.
  • Hobsbawm, E. J. (1990) Nations and Nationalism since 1780: Programme, Myth, Reality, Cambridge University Press. Hroch, M. (1993). Social preconditions of national revival in Europe: A comparative analysis of the social composition of patriotic groups among the smaller European nations. Columbia University Press.
  • Islam, M. (2024). Authoritarianism and majoritarian religious nationalism in contemporary India. World Affairs, 187(2), 137-150.
  • Iveković, I. (2002). Nationalism and the political use and abuse of religion: The politicization of orthodoxy, Catholicism, and Islam in Yugoslav successor states. Social Compass, 49(4), 523–536.
  • Juergensmeyer, M. (2019). The new religious state. In Religion and Politics (pp. 259-271). Routledge.
  • Juergensmeyer, M. (2023). The new cold war?: Religious nationalism confronts the secular state (Vol. 5). Univ of California Press.
  • Kadıoğlu, A. (1996). The paradox of Turkish nationalism and the construction of official identity. Middle Eastern Studies, 32(2), 177-193.
  • Kardaş, M. Ö. (2023). The ‘ascendance’ of deism in Turkey: Context, drivers and debate. Southeast European and Black Sea Studies, 24(3), 595–615.
  • Keddie, N. R. (1998). The new religious politics: where, when, and why do fundamentalisms appear?. Comparative studies in society and history, 40(4), 696-723.
  • Kedourie, E. (1996) Nationalism, Oxford: Blackwell, 4th Expanded Edition
  • Köseoğlu, T. (2023). Mukaddesatçılık: A Cold War Ideology of Muslim Turkish Ressentiment. International Journal of Middle East Studies, 55(1), 84–105.
  • Kurt, U. (2010). The Doctrine of “Turkish-Islamic Synthesis” as Official Ideology of the September 12 and the “Intellectuals’ Hearth–Aydınlar Ocağı as the Ideological Apparatus of the State. European Journal of Economic and Political Studies, 3(2), 2010.
  • Lord, C. (2017). Between Islam and the nation; nation-building, the ulama and Alevi identity in Turkey. Nations and Nationalism, 23(1), 48-67.
  • Margolis M.F. (2020). Who Wants to Make America Great Again? Understanding Evangelical Support for Donald Trump. Politics and Religion, 13(1), ss. 89-118.
  • Marsh, C., Herb, G. H. ve Kaplan, D. H. (2007). Religion and nationalism. Nations and Nationalism, 1, 1770-1880.
  • McGarry, J. ve O’Leary, B. (1995). Explaining Northern Ireland: Broken Images. Wiley-Blackwell.
  • Mitchell, C. (2006). The religious content of ethnic identities. Sociology, 40(6), ss.1135-1152.
  • Myhill, J. (2010). The Islamization Of Arab Nationalism. Critical Review, 22(1), ss.19–43.
  • Nairn, T. (1977). The break-up of Britain: Crisis and neo-nationalism. Verso.
  • Nandy, A. (1997). The Twilight of Certitudes: Secularism, Hindu Nationalism, and other Masks of Deculturation. Alternatives, 22(2), ss.157-176.
  • Oommen, T. K. (1997). Citizenship, nationality and ethnicity: Reconciling competing identities. Cambridge: Polity Press.
  • Özkırımlı, U. (2009). Milliyetçilik kuramları: Eleştirel bir bakış. Doğu Batı Yayınları.
  • Renan, Ernest. 1996. “What Is a Nation?,” çev. Martin Thom, Becoming National: A Reader, der. Geoff Eley and Ronald Grigor Suny, Oxford University Press, ss. 41-55.
  • Rieffer, B. A. J. (2003). Religion and nationalism: Understanding the consequences of a complex relationship. Ethnicities, 3(2), 215-242.
  • Roshwald, Aviel. (2006). The endurance of nationalism: Ancient roots and modern dilemmas. Cambridge University Press.
  • Saygı, H. ve Aslan, C. (2020). Türkiye’de Partilerin Milliyetçilik ve Din Anlayışları. Liberal Düşünce Dergisi, 25(99), ss.79-104.
  • Shady, S. N. (2021). Territory and the divine: the intersection of religion and national identity. West European Politics, 45(4), 744–766.
  • Smith, A. D. (1996). Opening statement Nations and their pasts. Nations and nationalism, 2(3), 358-365.
  • Smith AD. (2000). The Sacred Dimension of Nationalism. Millennium, 29(3):791-814.
  • Smith, A. D. (2003). Chosen peoples. Oxford University Press.
  • Snyder, L. L. (1976). Varieties of nationalism: A comparative study. Dryden Press.
  • Soper, J. C. ve Fetzer, J. S. (2018). A Theory of Religion and Nationalism. Religion and Nationalism in Global Perspective.
  • Spohn, W. (2003). Multiple modernity, nationalism and religion: a global perspective. Current sociology, 51(3-4), 265-286.
  • Stark, R. (1999). Secularization, rip. Sociology of religion, 60(3), 249-273.
  • Stroup, D. R. (2017). Boundaries of belief: Religious practices and the construction of ethnic identity in Hui Muslim communities. Ethnic and Racial Studies, 40(6), 988-1006.
  • Tibi, B. (1997). Arab nationalism: between Islam and the nation-state. Springer.
  • Uzer, U. (2016). An intellectual history of Turkish nationalism: between Turkish ethnicity and Islamic identity. Insight Turkey, 18(4), 228-231.
  • Van der Veer, P. (1994). Religious nationalism: Hindus and muslims in India. Univ of California Press.
  • Van Der Veer, P. (2008). Religion, secularism, and the nation. India Review, 7(4), 378-396.
  • Weber, M. (1993). The sociology of religion. Beacon Press.
  • White, J. (2014). Muslim Nationalism and the new Turks, Princeton University Press
  • Whitehead, A. L., Perry, S. L. ve Baker, J. O. (2018). Make America Christian again: Christian nationalism and voting for Donald Trump in the 2016 presidential election. Sociology of religion, 79(2), 147-171.
  • Wilson, B. (1983). Religion in sociological perspective. Oxford University Press.
  • Yıldız, T. ve Çengel, E. (2024). The Repertoires of Religious Nationalism: The Case of İsmet Özel. Nationalities Papers, 52(2), 380-396.
  • Zubaida, S. (2004). Islam and nationalism: continuities and contradictions. Nations & Nationalism, 10(4)
Toplam 81 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Uluslararası Siyaset
Bölüm Araştırma
Yazarlar

Muttalip Çağlayan 0000-0003-1252-2335

Erken Görünüm Tarihi 26 Temmuz 2025
Yayımlanma Tarihi 18 Haziran 2025
Gönderilme Tarihi 28 Mart 2025
Kabul Tarihi 21 Mayıs 2025
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2025 Sayı: 118

Kaynak Göster

APA Çağlayan, M. (2025). Dini Milliyetçiliğin Müphemliği: Kavramsal Bir Berraklaştırma Girişimi. Liberal Düşünce Dergisi(118), 117-143. https://doi.org/10.36484/liberal.1667219
 Kapak Resmi İndir