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The Relationship Between Perceived Self-Efficacy and Perceived Stress in Physical Examination for Undergraduate Nursing Students: A Cross-Sectional Study

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 13 Sayı: 1, 1 - 12, 02.05.2025

Şefika Bayraktar Dedemoğlu , Hatice Ceylan

Öz

Aim: This study aimed to examine the relationship between perceived self-efficacy and perceived stress in physical examination for undergraduate nursing students.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 212 undergraduate nursing students. Participants completed the General Self-Efficacy Scale and the Perceived Stress Scale. Pearson's correlation and multiple linear regression analyses were used to examine the relationship between self-efficacy and stress.
Results: The results showed a significant negative correlation between perceived self-efficacy and perceived stress (r = -0.41, p < 0.001). Students with higher levels of self-efficacy reported lower levels of stress. Additionally, self-efficacy was a significant predictor of perceived stress, accounting for 23% of the variance in stress levels.
Conclusion: The findings suggest that enhancing nursing students' self-efficacy may be an important strategy for reducing stress during physical examination. Further research is needed to explore the specific mechanisms by which self-efficacy impacts stress in this population.

Anahtar Kelimeler

self-efficacy stress nursing students physical examination

Kaynakça

  • Anderson, B., Nix, E., Norman, B., & McPike, H. D. (2014). An evidence based approach to undergraduate physical assessment practicum course development. Nurse Education in Practice, 14(3), 242-246.
  • Atay, S., & Yılmaz, F. (2011). The first stress levels of the students of vocational higher school of health. Journal of Anatolia Nursing and Health Sciences, 14(4), 32-37.
  • Bandura, A. (1997). Self-efficacy: The exercise of control. WH Freeman and Company New York.
  • Bandura, A. (Eds.). (1995). Self-Efficacy in changing societies. Cambridge University Press.
  • Baran, L., Güneş, Ü., & Khorshid, L. (2020). Investigation of the relationship between nursing students' self-efficacy levels and psychomotor skills. Life Sciences, 15(4), 55-63.
  • Bickley, L.S., & Szilagyi, P.G. (2015). Bates’ guide to physical examination and history taking. In M.A. Karan (Translation Eds.). Nobel Medical Bookstores Trade Co. Ltd.
  • Birks, M., James, A., Chung, C., Cant, R., & Davis, J. (2014). The teaching of physical assessment skills in pre-registration nursing programmes in Australia: issues for nursing education. Collegian, 21(3), 245-253.
  • Bryman, A., & Cramer, D. (2001). Quantitative data analysis with SPSS 12 and 13: A guide for social scientists. Psychology Press.
  • Bulfone, G., Vellone, E., Maurici, M., Macale, L., & Alvaro, R. (2020). Academic self‐efficacy in Bachelor‐level nursing students: Development and validation of a new instrument. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 76(1), 398-408.
  • Cattelino, E., Morelli, M., Baiocco, R., & Chirumbolo, A. (2019). From external regulation to school achievement: The mediation of self-efficacy at school. Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology, 60, 127-133. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appdev.2018. 09.007 Çalışkan, N., Doğan, N., Erdoğan, B. C., Çakmak, N. C. S., Kublashvılı, A. N., Eyüboğlu, G., & Eyikara, E. (2020). The use of physical examination skills by nurses and nursing students: A comparative study. Journal of Hacettepe University Faculty of Nursing, 7(3), 206-214.
  • Çevik Durmaz, Y., Doğan, R., Polat, H. T., Uzun, E., Şakar, H., & Önder, E. Y. (2020). The effect of training for breast cancer and self-breast examination on university students anxiety level and health belief. Journal of Anatolia Nursing and Health Sciences, 23(2), 259-266.
  • Demiray, A., Kızıltepe, S. K., İlaslan, N., & Açıl, A. (2020). Nursing students’ views towards the use of high fidelity simulation in the development of physical examinatıon skills. Acıbadem University Health Sciences Journal, 11(1), 132-140.
  • Edwards, D., Burnard, P., Bennett, K., & Hebden, U. (2010). A longitudinal study of stress and self-esteem in student nurses. Nurse Education Today, 30(1), 78-84.
  • Elliott, M. (2002). The clinical environment: A source of stress for undergraduate nurses. Australian Journal of Advanced Nursing,20(1), 34-38.
  • Eyüboğlu, G., & Çalışkan, N. (2019). The barriers to nurses’ use of physical assessment. Gümüşhane University Journal of HealthSciences, 8(2), 57-61.
  • Ferreira, É. D. M. R., Pinto, R. Z., Arantes, P. M. M., Vieira, É. L. M., Teixeira, A. L., Ferreira, F. R., & Vaz, D. V. (2020). Stress, anxiety, self-efficacy, and the meanings that physical therapy students attribute to their experience with an objective structured clinical examination. BMC Medical Education, 20, 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12909-020-02202-5 George, D., & Mallery, P. (2010). SPSS for Windows step by step: A simple study guide and reference (10th ed.). GEN, Boston, MA: Pearson Education.
  • Gibbons, C., Dempster, M., & Moutray, M. (2008). Stress and eustress in nursing students. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 61(3), 282-290.
  • Gómara, O. A., Sánchez De Miguel, M., Ortiz de Elguea, J., & Ortiz de Elguea, A. (2020). Testing general self‐efficacy, perceived competence, resilience, and stress among nursing students: An integrator evaluation. Nursing & Health sciences, 22(3), 529-538. https://doi. org/10.1111/nhs.12689 Göger, S., & Çevirme, A. (2019). Effects on the educational stress of the self-efficacy level of nursing students. Journal of Education and Research in Nursing, 16(4), 306-312.
  • Gök, F., & Zencir, G. (2022). Perceived barriers to performing physical assessment skills of nursing students. MAS Journal of Applied Sciences, 7(4), 868-879.
  • Görgülü, R. S. (2014). Physical examination methods for nurses. Istanbul Medical Bookstore.
  • Hartelt, T., & Martens, H. (2024). Self-regulatory and metacognitive instruction regarding student conceptions: influence on students’ self-efficacy and cognitive load. Frontiers in Psychology, 15, 1450947. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1450947
  • Howitt, D., & Cramer, D. (1997). A guide to computing statistics with SPSS for Windows. Simon & Schuster.
  • Ibrahim, A. F., Abdelaziz, T. M., & Akel, D. T. (2019). The relationship between undergraduate nursing students’ satisfaction about clinical learning environment and their competency self-efficacy. Journal of Nursing Education and Practice, 9(11), 92. https://doi.org/10.5430/ jnep.v9n11p92
  • Karabacak, Ü., Serbest, Ş., Öntürk, Z. K., Aslan, F. E., & Olgun, N. (2013). Relationship between student nurses’ self‐efficacy and psychomotor skills competence. International Journal of Nursing Practice, 19(2), 124-130. https://doi.org/10.1111/ ijn.12051 Karaca, A., Yıldırım, N., Ankaralı, H., Açıkgöz, F., & Akkuş, D. (2017). Nursing students' perceived levels of clinical stress, stress responses and coping behaviors. Journal of Psychiatric Nursing, 8(1), 32-39.
  • Karaca, A., Yıldırım, N., Ankaralı, H., Açıkgöz, F., & Akkuş, D. (2014). Adaptation to Turkish of nursing education stress scale. Journal of Research and Development in Nursing, 16(2), 29-40.
  • Kıskaç, N., & Rashıdı, M. (2024). Evaluation of nursing students' perceived self-efficacy in physical examination. Gevher Nesibe Journal of Medical & Health Sciences, 9(11), 111-116.
  • Klassen, R. M., & Klassen, J. R. (2018). Self-efficacy beliefs of medical students: a critical review. Perspectives on Medical Education, 7, 76-82.
  • Koç, G., Gülen Savas, H., Ergol, S., Yıldırım-Cetinkaya, M., & Aydin, N. (2019). Female university students’ knowledge and practice of breast self-examination in Turkey. Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice, 22(3), 410-415.
  • Lazarus, R. S., & Folkman, S. (1984). Stress, appraisal, and coping. Springer Publishing Company.
  • Lo, R. (2002). A longitudinal study of perceived level of stress, coping and self‐esteem of undergraduate nursing students: An Australian case study. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 39(2), 119-126.
  • Mitchell, K., & McMillan, D. E. (2018). A curriculum-wide assessment of writing self-efficacy in a baccalaureate nursing program. Nurse Education Today, 70, 20-27. https://doi.org/ 10.1016/j.nedt.2018.08.003 Mohamadirizi, S., Kohan, S., Shafei, F., & Mohamadirizi, S. (2015). The relationship between clinical competence and clinical self-efficacy among nursing and midwifery students. Journal of Pediatric Perspectives, 3(6-2), 1117-1123. https://doaj.org/article/1f7 5b66cbb4c49 b0831968fd54dd31af Molina, E., Fabella, E., & Vigonte, C. (2014). Physical assessment self-efficacy of Libyan nursing students. Journal of Research in Nursing and Midwifery, 3(3), 60-65.
  • Nasaif, H., Alaradi, M., Alansari, A., & Jassim, G. (2022). Validation of physical examination perceived self-efficacy instrument for undergraduate nursing students. Journal of Nursing Education, 61(1), 36-40.
  • Oner Altiok, H., & Ustun, B. (2013). The stress sources of nursing students. Educational Sciences: Theory and Practice, 13(2), 760-766.
  • Shehadeh, J. H., Hamdan‐Mansour, A. M., Halasa, S., Hani, M. H. B., Nabolsi, M., Thultheen, I., & Nassar, O. S. (2020). Academic stress and self-efficacy as predictors of academic satisfaction among nursing students. In The Open Nursing Journal, 14(1), 92-99. https: //doi.org/10.2174/1874434602014010092 Sheu, S., Lin, H. S., & Hwang, S. L. (2002). Perceived stress and physio-psycho-social status of nursing students during their initial period of clinical practice: the effect of coping behaviors. International Journal of Nursing Studies, 39(2), 165-175.
  • Shrestha, S., & Tuladhar, J. B. (2021). Relationship between self-efficacy and academic motivation among nursing students. Journal of Chitwan Medical College, 11(2), 106-109. https://doi.org/10.54530/jcmc.159 Siddiqui, A. F. (2018). Self-Efficacy as a predictor of stress in medical students of King Khalid University, Saudi Arabia. Makara Journal of Health Research, 22(1). https://doi.org/ 10.7454/msk.v22i1.7742 Stump, G. S., Husman, J., & Brem, S. K. (2012). The nursing student self-efficacy scale: development using item response theory. Nursing Research, 61(3), 149-158.
  • Şahin, G., & Buzlu, S. (2017). The mediating role of perceived stress on relationship of resilience with self efficacy social support and the effective coping skills in nursing students. Journal of Anatolia Nursing and Health Sciences, 20(2), 122-136.
  • Tawfeek, E., Gouda, E., ElAraby, S., & Talaat, W. (2021). Relationship between the role of the clinical ınstructor, students’ self-efficacy, and academic achievement. In Suez Canal University Medical Journal, 24(2), 164-177. https://doi.org/10.21608/scumj.2021. 197634 Utli, H., Dinç, M., & Bütün, A. (2023). Validity and reliability of Turkish version of the physical examination perceived self efficacy ınstrument for undergraduate nursing students. Izmir Katip Celebi University Faculty of Health Sciences Journal, 8(2), 327-335.
  • Woods, C., West, C., Mills, J., Park, T., Southern, J., & Usher, K. (2014). Undergraduate student nurses’ self-reported preparedness for practice. Collegian Journal of the Royal College of Nursing Australia, 22(4), 359-368. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.colegn. 2014.05.003

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 13 Sayı: 1, 1 - 12, 02.05.2025

Şefika Bayraktar Dedemoğlu , Hatice Ceylan

Öz

Kaynakça

  • Anderson, B., Nix, E., Norman, B., & McPike, H. D. (2014). An evidence based approach to undergraduate physical assessment practicum course development. Nurse Education in Practice, 14(3), 242-246.
  • Atay, S., & Yılmaz, F. (2011). The first stress levels of the students of vocational higher school of health. Journal of Anatolia Nursing and Health Sciences, 14(4), 32-37.
  • Bandura, A. (1997). Self-efficacy: The exercise of control. WH Freeman and Company New York.
  • Bandura, A. (Eds.). (1995). Self-Efficacy in changing societies. Cambridge University Press.
  • Baran, L., Güneş, Ü., & Khorshid, L. (2020). Investigation of the relationship between nursing students' self-efficacy levels and psychomotor skills. Life Sciences, 15(4), 55-63.
  • Bickley, L.S., & Szilagyi, P.G. (2015). Bates’ guide to physical examination and history taking. In M.A. Karan (Translation Eds.). Nobel Medical Bookstores Trade Co. Ltd.
  • Birks, M., James, A., Chung, C., Cant, R., & Davis, J. (2014). The teaching of physical assessment skills in pre-registration nursing programmes in Australia: issues for nursing education. Collegian, 21(3), 245-253.
  • Bryman, A., & Cramer, D. (2001). Quantitative data analysis with SPSS 12 and 13: A guide for social scientists. Psychology Press.
  • Bulfone, G., Vellone, E., Maurici, M., Macale, L., & Alvaro, R. (2020). Academic self‐efficacy in Bachelor‐level nursing students: Development and validation of a new instrument. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 76(1), 398-408.
  • Cattelino, E., Morelli, M., Baiocco, R., & Chirumbolo, A. (2019). From external regulation to school achievement: The mediation of self-efficacy at school. Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology, 60, 127-133. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appdev.2018. 09.007 Çalışkan, N., Doğan, N., Erdoğan, B. C., Çakmak, N. C. S., Kublashvılı, A. N., Eyüboğlu, G., & Eyikara, E. (2020). The use of physical examination skills by nurses and nursing students: A comparative study. Journal of Hacettepe University Faculty of Nursing, 7(3), 206-214.
  • Çevik Durmaz, Y., Doğan, R., Polat, H. T., Uzun, E., Şakar, H., & Önder, E. Y. (2020). The effect of training for breast cancer and self-breast examination on university students anxiety level and health belief. Journal of Anatolia Nursing and Health Sciences, 23(2), 259-266.
  • Demiray, A., Kızıltepe, S. K., İlaslan, N., & Açıl, A. (2020). Nursing students’ views towards the use of high fidelity simulation in the development of physical examinatıon skills. Acıbadem University Health Sciences Journal, 11(1), 132-140.
  • Edwards, D., Burnard, P., Bennett, K., & Hebden, U. (2010). A longitudinal study of stress and self-esteem in student nurses. Nurse Education Today, 30(1), 78-84.
  • Elliott, M. (2002). The clinical environment: A source of stress for undergraduate nurses. Australian Journal of Advanced Nursing,20(1), 34-38.
  • Eyüboğlu, G., & Çalışkan, N. (2019). The barriers to nurses’ use of physical assessment. Gümüşhane University Journal of HealthSciences, 8(2), 57-61.
  • Ferreira, É. D. M. R., Pinto, R. Z., Arantes, P. M. M., Vieira, É. L. M., Teixeira, A. L., Ferreira, F. R., & Vaz, D. V. (2020). Stress, anxiety, self-efficacy, and the meanings that physical therapy students attribute to their experience with an objective structured clinical examination. BMC Medical Education, 20, 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12909-020-02202-5 George, D., & Mallery, P. (2010). SPSS for Windows step by step: A simple study guide and reference (10th ed.). GEN, Boston, MA: Pearson Education.
  • Gibbons, C., Dempster, M., & Moutray, M. (2008). Stress and eustress in nursing students. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 61(3), 282-290.
  • Gómara, O. A., Sánchez De Miguel, M., Ortiz de Elguea, J., & Ortiz de Elguea, A. (2020). Testing general self‐efficacy, perceived competence, resilience, and stress among nursing students: An integrator evaluation. Nursing & Health sciences, 22(3), 529-538. https://doi. org/10.1111/nhs.12689 Göger, S., & Çevirme, A. (2019). Effects on the educational stress of the self-efficacy level of nursing students. Journal of Education and Research in Nursing, 16(4), 306-312.
  • Gök, F., & Zencir, G. (2022). Perceived barriers to performing physical assessment skills of nursing students. MAS Journal of Applied Sciences, 7(4), 868-879.
  • Görgülü, R. S. (2014). Physical examination methods for nurses. Istanbul Medical Bookstore.
  • Hartelt, T., & Martens, H. (2024). Self-regulatory and metacognitive instruction regarding student conceptions: influence on students’ self-efficacy and cognitive load. Frontiers in Psychology, 15, 1450947. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1450947
  • Howitt, D., & Cramer, D. (1997). A guide to computing statistics with SPSS for Windows. Simon & Schuster.
  • Ibrahim, A. F., Abdelaziz, T. M., & Akel, D. T. (2019). The relationship between undergraduate nursing students’ satisfaction about clinical learning environment and their competency self-efficacy. Journal of Nursing Education and Practice, 9(11), 92. https://doi.org/10.5430/ jnep.v9n11p92
  • Karabacak, Ü., Serbest, Ş., Öntürk, Z. K., Aslan, F. E., & Olgun, N. (2013). Relationship between student nurses’ self‐efficacy and psychomotor skills competence. International Journal of Nursing Practice, 19(2), 124-130. https://doi.org/10.1111/ ijn.12051 Karaca, A., Yıldırım, N., Ankaralı, H., Açıkgöz, F., & Akkuş, D. (2017). Nursing students' perceived levels of clinical stress, stress responses and coping behaviors. Journal of Psychiatric Nursing, 8(1), 32-39.
  • Karaca, A., Yıldırım, N., Ankaralı, H., Açıkgöz, F., & Akkuş, D. (2014). Adaptation to Turkish of nursing education stress scale. Journal of Research and Development in Nursing, 16(2), 29-40.
  • Kıskaç, N., & Rashıdı, M. (2024). Evaluation of nursing students' perceived self-efficacy in physical examination. Gevher Nesibe Journal of Medical & Health Sciences, 9(11), 111-116.
  • Klassen, R. M., & Klassen, J. R. (2018). Self-efficacy beliefs of medical students: a critical review. Perspectives on Medical Education, 7, 76-82.
  • Koç, G., Gülen Savas, H., Ergol, S., Yıldırım-Cetinkaya, M., & Aydin, N. (2019). Female university students’ knowledge and practice of breast self-examination in Turkey. Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice, 22(3), 410-415.
  • Lazarus, R. S., & Folkman, S. (1984). Stress, appraisal, and coping. Springer Publishing Company.
  • Lo, R. (2002). A longitudinal study of perceived level of stress, coping and self‐esteem of undergraduate nursing students: An Australian case study. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 39(2), 119-126.
  • Mitchell, K., & McMillan, D. E. (2018). A curriculum-wide assessment of writing self-efficacy in a baccalaureate nursing program. Nurse Education Today, 70, 20-27. https://doi.org/ 10.1016/j.nedt.2018.08.003 Mohamadirizi, S., Kohan, S., Shafei, F., & Mohamadirizi, S. (2015). The relationship between clinical competence and clinical self-efficacy among nursing and midwifery students. Journal of Pediatric Perspectives, 3(6-2), 1117-1123. https://doaj.org/article/1f7 5b66cbb4c49 b0831968fd54dd31af Molina, E., Fabella, E., & Vigonte, C. (2014). Physical assessment self-efficacy of Libyan nursing students. Journal of Research in Nursing and Midwifery, 3(3), 60-65.
  • Nasaif, H., Alaradi, M., Alansari, A., & Jassim, G. (2022). Validation of physical examination perceived self-efficacy instrument for undergraduate nursing students. Journal of Nursing Education, 61(1), 36-40.
  • Oner Altiok, H., & Ustun, B. (2013). The stress sources of nursing students. Educational Sciences: Theory and Practice, 13(2), 760-766.
  • Shehadeh, J. H., Hamdan‐Mansour, A. M., Halasa, S., Hani, M. H. B., Nabolsi, M., Thultheen, I., & Nassar, O. S. (2020). Academic stress and self-efficacy as predictors of academic satisfaction among nursing students. In The Open Nursing Journal, 14(1), 92-99. https: //doi.org/10.2174/1874434602014010092 Sheu, S., Lin, H. S., & Hwang, S. L. (2002). Perceived stress and physio-psycho-social status of nursing students during their initial period of clinical practice: the effect of coping behaviors. International Journal of Nursing Studies, 39(2), 165-175.
  • Shrestha, S., & Tuladhar, J. B. (2021). Relationship between self-efficacy and academic motivation among nursing students. Journal of Chitwan Medical College, 11(2), 106-109. https://doi.org/10.54530/jcmc.159 Siddiqui, A. F. (2018). Self-Efficacy as a predictor of stress in medical students of King Khalid University, Saudi Arabia. Makara Journal of Health Research, 22(1). https://doi.org/ 10.7454/msk.v22i1.7742 Stump, G. S., Husman, J., & Brem, S. K. (2012). The nursing student self-efficacy scale: development using item response theory. Nursing Research, 61(3), 149-158.
  • Şahin, G., & Buzlu, S. (2017). The mediating role of perceived stress on relationship of resilience with self efficacy social support and the effective coping skills in nursing students. Journal of Anatolia Nursing and Health Sciences, 20(2), 122-136.
  • Tawfeek, E., Gouda, E., ElAraby, S., & Talaat, W. (2021). Relationship between the role of the clinical ınstructor, students’ self-efficacy, and academic achievement. In Suez Canal University Medical Journal, 24(2), 164-177. https://doi.org/10.21608/scumj.2021. 197634 Utli, H., Dinç, M., & Bütün, A. (2023). Validity and reliability of Turkish version of the physical examination perceived self efficacy ınstrument for undergraduate nursing students. Izmir Katip Celebi University Faculty of Health Sciences Journal, 8(2), 327-335.
  • Woods, C., West, C., Mills, J., Park, T., Southern, J., & Usher, K. (2014). Undergraduate student nurses’ self-reported preparedness for practice. Collegian Journal of the Royal College of Nursing Australia, 22(4), 359-368. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.colegn. 2014.05.003
Toplam 38 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Dahili Hastalıklar Hemşireliği, Hemşirelik Eğitimi, Hemşirelik Esasları
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Şefika Bayraktar Dedemoğlu 0000-0002-5776-3418

Hatice Ceylan 0000-0001-6423-6010

Yayımlanma Tarihi 2 Mayıs 2025
Gönderilme Tarihi 20 Şubat 2025
Kabul Tarihi 6 Nisan 2025
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2025 Cilt: 13 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Bayraktar Dedemoğlu, Ş., & Ceylan, H. (2025). The Relationship Between Perceived Self-Efficacy and Perceived Stress in Physical Examination for Undergraduate Nursing Students: A Cross-Sectional Study. Mehmet Akif Ersoy University Journal of Health Sciences Institute, 13(1), 1-12. https://doi.org/10.24998/maeusabed.1643599
AMA Bayraktar Dedemoğlu Ş, Ceylan H. The Relationship Between Perceived Self-Efficacy and Perceived Stress in Physical Examination for Undergraduate Nursing Students: A Cross-Sectional Study. Mehmet Akif Ersoy University Journal of Health Sciences Institute. Mayıs 2025;13(1):1-12. doi:10.24998/maeusabed.1643599
Chicago Bayraktar Dedemoğlu, Şefika, ve Hatice Ceylan. “The Relationship Between Perceived Self-Efficacy and Perceived Stress in Physical Examination for Undergraduate Nursing Students: A Cross-Sectional Study”. Mehmet Akif Ersoy University Journal of Health Sciences Institute 13, sy. 1 (Mayıs 2025): 1-12. https://doi.org/10.24998/maeusabed.1643599.
EndNote Bayraktar Dedemoğlu Ş, Ceylan H (01 Mayıs 2025) The Relationship Between Perceived Self-Efficacy and Perceived Stress in Physical Examination for Undergraduate Nursing Students: A Cross-Sectional Study. Mehmet Akif Ersoy University Journal of Health Sciences Institute 13 1 1–12.
IEEE Ş. Bayraktar Dedemoğlu ve H. Ceylan, “The Relationship Between Perceived Self-Efficacy and Perceived Stress in Physical Examination for Undergraduate Nursing Students: A Cross-Sectional Study”, Mehmet Akif Ersoy University Journal of Health Sciences Institute, c. 13, sy. 1, ss. 1–12, 2025, doi: 10.24998/maeusabed.1643599.
ISNAD Bayraktar Dedemoğlu, Şefika - Ceylan, Hatice. “The Relationship Between Perceived Self-Efficacy and Perceived Stress in Physical Examination for Undergraduate Nursing Students: A Cross-Sectional Study”. Mehmet Akif Ersoy University Journal of Health Sciences Institute 13/1 (Mayıs 2025), 1-12. https://doi.org/10.24998/maeusabed.1643599.
JAMA Bayraktar Dedemoğlu Ş, Ceylan H. The Relationship Between Perceived Self-Efficacy and Perceived Stress in Physical Examination for Undergraduate Nursing Students: A Cross-Sectional Study. Mehmet Akif Ersoy University Journal of Health Sciences Institute. 2025;13:1–12.
MLA Bayraktar Dedemoğlu, Şefika ve Hatice Ceylan. “The Relationship Between Perceived Self-Efficacy and Perceived Stress in Physical Examination for Undergraduate Nursing Students: A Cross-Sectional Study”. Mehmet Akif Ersoy University Journal of Health Sciences Institute, c. 13, sy. 1, 2025, ss. 1-12, doi:10.24998/maeusabed.1643599.
Vancouver Bayraktar Dedemoğlu Ş, Ceylan H. The Relationship Between Perceived Self-Efficacy and Perceived Stress in Physical Examination for Undergraduate Nursing Students: A Cross-Sectional Study. Mehmet Akif Ersoy University Journal of Health Sciences Institute. 2025;13(1):1-12.
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