COVID-19 Enfeksiyonu Geçirmiş Çocuklarda Lens Dansitometrisinin Scheimpflug Topografi ile Objektif Değerlendirilmesi
Öz
Amaç: COVID-19’un çocuklarda lens yapısı üzerindeki etkilerini Pentacam HR Scheimpflug korneal topografi ve lens densitometrisi (LD) kullanarak araştırmak.
Yöntemler: Bu prospektif vaka-kontrol çalışmasına, göz muayenesi planlanan 7-18 yaş aralığında hastalar dahil edildi. COVID-19’u son 6 ay içinde geçirmiş ve herhangi bir sistemik hastalığı bulunmayan çocuklarda Pentacam densitometri bölgeleri (PDZ 1, 2 ve 3) değerlendirildi ve sonuçlar kontrol grubu ile karşılaştırıldı.
Bulgular: Toplamda 57 hastaya ait 114 göz incelendi; bunların 29'u (%50,9) hasta grubunda, 28'i (%49,1) kontrol grubunda yer aldı. COVID-19 sonrası 7-10 yaş grubunda PDZ 1 değerleri, 11-14 yaş grubunda tüm PDZ değerleri ve 15-18 yaş grubunda PDZ 3 değerleri kontrol grubuna kıyasla anlamlı derecede yüksekti (p <0,05). Ayrıca, 11-14 yaş grubundaki hastalarda PDZ 1-3 değerleri ile COVID-19’dan iyileşme süresi arasında pozitif korelasyon gözlendi (r=0,639, 0,628 ve 0,590; p=0,014, 0,016 ve 0,027).
Sonuçlar: Görme kalitesi yalnızca görme keskinliği ile değil, aynı zamanda kontrast duyarlılığı, yüksek-sıralı optik aberasyonlar ve görsel aksın berraklığı gibi faktörlerle de ilişkilidir. Çalışmamız, COVID-19’un özellikle 11-14 yaş grubundaki çocuklarda lens densitesinde belirgin farklılıklar olduğunu ortaya koyarak, çocukların görme kalitesi üzerindeki potansiyel etkisine dikkat çekmekte ve konuyla ilgili daha kapsamlı çalışmalara ihtiyaç olduğunu düşündürmektedir.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kaynakça
- 1. Veritti D, Sarao V, Bandello F, Lanzetta P. Infection control measures in ophthalmology during the COVID-19 outbreak: a narrative review from an early experience in Italy. Eur J Ophthalmol 2020;30:621-628.
- 2. Seah I, Agrawal R. Can the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) affect the eyes? A review of coronaviruses and ocular implications in humans and animals. Ocul Immunol Inflamm 2020;28:391-395.
- 3. Ho D, Low R, Tong L, Gupta V, Veeraraghavan A, Agrawal R. COVID-19 and the ocular surface: a review of transmission and manifestations. Ocul Immunol Inflamm 2020;28:726-734.
- 4. Mahayana IT, Angsana NC, Alya Kamila A, Fatiha NN, Sunjaya DZ, Andajana W et al. Literature review of conjunctivitis, conjunctival swab and chloroquine effect in the eyes: a current updates on COVID-19 and ophthalmology. Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran 2020;52:21-28.
- 5. Nasiri N, Sharifi H, Bazrafshan A, Noori A, Karamouzian M, Sharifi A. Ocular manifestations of COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Ophthalmic Vis Res 2021;16:103-112.
- 6. Sanjay S, Mutalik D, Gowda S, Mahendradas P, Kawali A, Shetty R. Post coronavirus disease (COVID-19) reactivation of a quiescent unilateral anterior uveitis. SN Compr Clin Med 2021;3:1843-1847.
- 7. Aydemir E, Aksoy Aydemir G, Atesoglu H, Goker YS, Kiziltoprak H, Ozcelik KC. Objective assessment of corneal and lens clarity in patients with COVID-19. Optom Vis Sci 2021;98:1348-1354.
- 8. Hu K, Patel J, Swiston C, Patel BC. Ophthalmic Manifestations of Coronavirus (COVID-19). StatPearls Publishing LLC; 2022. Accessed February 16, 2024. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK556093/.
- 9. Collin J, Queen R, Zerti D, Dorgau B, Georgiou M, Djidrovski I et al. Co-expression of SARS-CoV-2 entry genes in the superficial adult human conjunctival, limbal and corneal epithelium suggests an additional route of entry via the ocular surface. Ocul Surf 2021;19:190-200.
- 10. Ma D, Chen CB, Jhanji V, Xu C, Yuan XL, Liang JJ et al. Expression of SARS-CoV-2 receptor ACE2 and TMPRSS2 in human primary conjunctival and pterygium cell lines and in mouse cornea. Eye (Lond) 2020;34:1212-1219.
- 11. She J, Liu L, Liu W. COVID-19 epidemic: Disease characteristics in children. J Med Virol 2020;92:747-754.
- 12. Li LQ, Huang T, Wang YQ, Wang ZP, Liang Y, Huang TB et al. COVID-19 patients’ clinical characteristics, discharge rate, and fatality rate of meta-analysis. J Med Virol 2020;92:577-583.
- 13. Wu P, Duan F, Luo C, Liu Q, Qu X, Liang L et al. Characteristics of ocular findings of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Hubei Province, China. JAMA Ophthalmol 2020;138:575-578.
- 14. Wan Y, Shang J, Graham R, Baric RS, Li F. Receptor recognition by the novel coronavirus from Wuhan: an analysis based on decade-long structural studies of SARS coronavirus. J Virol 2020;94:e00127-20.
- 15. Ma N, Li P, Wang X, Yu Y, Tan X, Chen P et al. Ocular manifestations and clinical characteristics of children with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 in Wuhan, China. JAMA Ophthalmol 2020;138:1079-1086.
- 16. Zhou L, Xu Z, Castiglione GM, Soiberman US, Eberhart CG, Duh EJ. ACE2 and TMPRSS2 are expressed on the human ocular surface, suggesting susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection. Ocul Surf 2020;18:537-544.
- 17. Yuan J, Fan D, Xue Z, Qu J, Su J. Co-expression of mitochondrial genes and ACE2 in cornea involved in COVID-19. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2020;61:13.
- 18. Cheema M, Aghazadeh H, Nazarali S, Ting A, Hodges J, McFarlane A et al. Solarte C. Keratoconjunctivitis as the initial medical presentation of the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Can J Ophthalmol 2020;55:e125-e129.
- 19. Roshanshad A, Ashraf MA, Roshanshad R, Kharmandar A, Zomorodian SA, Ashraf H. Ocular manifestations of patients with coronavirus disease 2019: a comprehensive review. J Ophthalmic Vis Res 2021;16:234-247.
- 20. Holappa M, Valjakka J, Vaajanen A. Angiotensin(1-7) and ACE2, “the hot spots” of renin-angiotensin system, detected in the human aqueous humor. Open Ophthalmol J 2015;9:28-32.
- 21. Oren B, Kocabas, DO. Assessment of corneal endothelial cell morphology and anterior segment parameters in COVID-19. Therapeutic advances in ophthalmology. 2022; 14, 25158414221096057.
- 22. Soysal GG, Seyyar SA, Kimyon S, Mete A, Güngör K. Examination of the Corneal Endothelium in Pediatric Patients With COVID-19. Eye & Contact Lens. 2023; 49(11), 508-510.
- 23. SeyedAlinaghi S, Mehraeen E, Afzalian A, Dashti M, Ghasemzadeh A, Pashaei A, et al Dadras O. (2024). Ocular manifestations of COVID-19: A systematic review of current evidence. Preventive Medicine Reports. 2024;38, 102608.
- 24. Kaya-Guner E, Sahin A, Ekemen-Keles Y, Karadag-Oncel E, Kara-Aksay A, Yilmaz D. A prospective long-term evaluation of the ocular findings of children followed with the diagnosis of multisystem inflammatory syndrome (long-term evaluation of ocular findings following MIS-C). Eye, 2023; 37(16), 3442-3445.
- 25. Alnahdi, M. A., & Alkharashi, M. (2023). Ocular manifestations of COVID-19 in the pediatric age group. European Journal of Ophthalmology, 33(1), 21-28.
- 26. Ishigooka, G., Mizuno, H., Oosuka, S., Jin, D., Takai, S., & Kida, T. (2023). Effects of angiotensin receptor blockers on streptozotocin-induced diabetic cataracts. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 12(20), 6627.
Objective Lens Densitometry Evaluation Using Scheimpflug Topography in Children After COVID-19 Infection
Öz
Purpose: To explore the effects of COVID-19 on lens structure in children using Pentacam HR Scheimpflug corneal topography and lens densitometry (LD).
Methods: This prospective case-control study involved patients aged 7 to 18 who were scheduled for ophthalmologic examination. Pentacam densitometry zones (PDZ 1, 2, and 3) were assessed in children who had recovered from COVID-19 in the past 6 months and had no systemic diseases, with comparisons made to controls.
Results: A total of 114 eyes from 57 patients were evaluated, including 29 (50.9%) children in the patient group and 28 (49.1%) in the control group. PDZ 1 values for ages 7-10, all PDZ values for ages 11-14, and PDZ 3 values for ages 15-18 were significantly higher after COVID-19 compared to those in the control group (P < 0.05). Positive correlations were observed between PDZ 1-3 values and time since recovery from COVID-19 in patients aged 11-14 (r = 0.639, 0.628, and 0.590, respectively; P = 0.014, 0.016, and 0.027).
Conclusions: Vision quality is affected not only by visual acuity but also by factors such as contrast sensitivity, higher-order optical irregularities, and the clarity of the visual axis. This study reveals significant differences in lens density, particularly in the 11-14 age group, which may suggest the potential impact of COVID-19 on children's visual quality, indicating a need for further investigation.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kaynakça
- 1. Veritti D, Sarao V, Bandello F, Lanzetta P. Infection control measures in ophthalmology during the COVID-19 outbreak: a narrative review from an early experience in Italy. Eur J Ophthalmol 2020;30:621-628.
- 2. Seah I, Agrawal R. Can the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) affect the eyes? A review of coronaviruses and ocular implications in humans and animals. Ocul Immunol Inflamm 2020;28:391-395.
- 3. Ho D, Low R, Tong L, Gupta V, Veeraraghavan A, Agrawal R. COVID-19 and the ocular surface: a review of transmission and manifestations. Ocul Immunol Inflamm 2020;28:726-734.
- 4. Mahayana IT, Angsana NC, Alya Kamila A, Fatiha NN, Sunjaya DZ, Andajana W et al. Literature review of conjunctivitis, conjunctival swab and chloroquine effect in the eyes: a current updates on COVID-19 and ophthalmology. Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran 2020;52:21-28.
- 5. Nasiri N, Sharifi H, Bazrafshan A, Noori A, Karamouzian M, Sharifi A. Ocular manifestations of COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Ophthalmic Vis Res 2021;16:103-112.
- 6. Sanjay S, Mutalik D, Gowda S, Mahendradas P, Kawali A, Shetty R. Post coronavirus disease (COVID-19) reactivation of a quiescent unilateral anterior uveitis. SN Compr Clin Med 2021;3:1843-1847.
- 7. Aydemir E, Aksoy Aydemir G, Atesoglu H, Goker YS, Kiziltoprak H, Ozcelik KC. Objective assessment of corneal and lens clarity in patients with COVID-19. Optom Vis Sci 2021;98:1348-1354.
- 8. Hu K, Patel J, Swiston C, Patel BC. Ophthalmic Manifestations of Coronavirus (COVID-19). StatPearls Publishing LLC; 2022. Accessed February 16, 2024. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK556093/.
- 9. Collin J, Queen R, Zerti D, Dorgau B, Georgiou M, Djidrovski I et al. Co-expression of SARS-CoV-2 entry genes in the superficial adult human conjunctival, limbal and corneal epithelium suggests an additional route of entry via the ocular surface. Ocul Surf 2021;19:190-200.
- 10. Ma D, Chen CB, Jhanji V, Xu C, Yuan XL, Liang JJ et al. Expression of SARS-CoV-2 receptor ACE2 and TMPRSS2 in human primary conjunctival and pterygium cell lines and in mouse cornea. Eye (Lond) 2020;34:1212-1219.
- 11. She J, Liu L, Liu W. COVID-19 epidemic: Disease characteristics in children. J Med Virol 2020;92:747-754.
- 12. Li LQ, Huang T, Wang YQ, Wang ZP, Liang Y, Huang TB et al. COVID-19 patients’ clinical characteristics, discharge rate, and fatality rate of meta-analysis. J Med Virol 2020;92:577-583.
- 13. Wu P, Duan F, Luo C, Liu Q, Qu X, Liang L et al. Characteristics of ocular findings of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Hubei Province, China. JAMA Ophthalmol 2020;138:575-578.
- 14. Wan Y, Shang J, Graham R, Baric RS, Li F. Receptor recognition by the novel coronavirus from Wuhan: an analysis based on decade-long structural studies of SARS coronavirus. J Virol 2020;94:e00127-20.
- 15. Ma N, Li P, Wang X, Yu Y, Tan X, Chen P et al. Ocular manifestations and clinical characteristics of children with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 in Wuhan, China. JAMA Ophthalmol 2020;138:1079-1086.
- 16. Zhou L, Xu Z, Castiglione GM, Soiberman US, Eberhart CG, Duh EJ. ACE2 and TMPRSS2 are expressed on the human ocular surface, suggesting susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection. Ocul Surf 2020;18:537-544.
- 17. Yuan J, Fan D, Xue Z, Qu J, Su J. Co-expression of mitochondrial genes and ACE2 in cornea involved in COVID-19. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2020;61:13.
- 18. Cheema M, Aghazadeh H, Nazarali S, Ting A, Hodges J, McFarlane A et al. Solarte C. Keratoconjunctivitis as the initial medical presentation of the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Can J Ophthalmol 2020;55:e125-e129.
- 19. Roshanshad A, Ashraf MA, Roshanshad R, Kharmandar A, Zomorodian SA, Ashraf H. Ocular manifestations of patients with coronavirus disease 2019: a comprehensive review. J Ophthalmic Vis Res 2021;16:234-247.
- 20. Holappa M, Valjakka J, Vaajanen A. Angiotensin(1-7) and ACE2, “the hot spots” of renin-angiotensin system, detected in the human aqueous humor. Open Ophthalmol J 2015;9:28-32.
- 21. Oren B, Kocabas, DO. Assessment of corneal endothelial cell morphology and anterior segment parameters in COVID-19. Therapeutic advances in ophthalmology. 2022; 14, 25158414221096057.
- 22. Soysal GG, Seyyar SA, Kimyon S, Mete A, Güngör K. Examination of the Corneal Endothelium in Pediatric Patients With COVID-19. Eye & Contact Lens. 2023; 49(11), 508-510.
- 23. SeyedAlinaghi S, Mehraeen E, Afzalian A, Dashti M, Ghasemzadeh A, Pashaei A, et al Dadras O. (2024). Ocular manifestations of COVID-19: A systematic review of current evidence. Preventive Medicine Reports. 2024;38, 102608.
- 24. Kaya-Guner E, Sahin A, Ekemen-Keles Y, Karadag-Oncel E, Kara-Aksay A, Yilmaz D. A prospective long-term evaluation of the ocular findings of children followed with the diagnosis of multisystem inflammatory syndrome (long-term evaluation of ocular findings following MIS-C). Eye, 2023; 37(16), 3442-3445.
- 25. Alnahdi, M. A., & Alkharashi, M. (2023). Ocular manifestations of COVID-19 in the pediatric age group. European Journal of Ophthalmology, 33(1), 21-28.
- 26. Ishigooka, G., Mizuno, H., Oosuka, S., Jin, D., Takai, S., & Kida, T. (2023). Effects of angiotensin receptor blockers on streptozotocin-induced diabetic cataracts. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 12(20), 6627.
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | İngilizce |
|---|---|
| Konular | Klinik Tıp Bilimleri (Diğer) |
| Bölüm | Araştırma Makalesi |
| Yazarlar | |
| Erken Görünüm Tarihi | 22 Haziran 2025 |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 23 Haziran 2025 |
| Gönderilme Tarihi | 10 Mart 2025 |
| Kabul Tarihi | 22 Mayıs 2025 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2025 Cilt: 26 Sayı: 2 |
