Öz
Kaynakça
- 1. Sundqvist G. Bacteriological studies of necrotic dental pulps (dissertation). Umea, Sweden: University of Umea. 1976.
- 2. Byström A, Sundqvist G. Bacteriologic evaluation of the efficacy of mechanical root canal instrumentation in endodontic therapy. Scand J Dent Res 1981; 89: 321-8.
- 3. Byström A, Claesson R, Sundqvist G. The antibacterial effect of camphorated paramonochlorophenol, camphorated phenol and calcium hydroxide in the treatment of infected root canals. Endod Dent Traumatol 1985; 1: 170-5.
- 4. Hermann BW. Biologische Wurzelbehandlung. Frankurfurt am Main: Vergleiche und Ergebnisse; 1950.
- 5. Heithersay GS. Calcium hydroxide in the treatment of pulpless teeth with associated pathology. J Br Endod Soc 1975; 8: 74-93.
- 6. Siqueira JF Jr, Lopes HP. Mechanisms of antimicrobial activity of calcium hydroxide: a critical review. Int Endod J 1999; 32: 361-9.
- 7. Foreman PC, Barnes IE. Review of calcium hydroxide. Int Endod J 1990; 23: 283-97.
- 8. Foster KH, Kulild JC, Weller RN. Effect of smear layer removal on the diffusion of calcium hydroxide through radicular dentin. J Endod 1993; 19: 136-40.
- 9. Tronstad L, Andreasen JO, Hasselgren G, Kristerson L, Riis I. pH changes in dental tissues after root canal filling with calcium hydroxide. J Endod 1981; 7: 17-21.
- 10. Nerwich A, Figdor D, Messer HH. pH changes in root dentin over a 4-week period following root canal dressing with calcium hydroxide. J Endod 1993; 19: 302-6.
- 11. Esberard RM, Carnes DL Jr, del Rio CE. Changes in pH at the dentin surface in roots obturated with calcium hydroxide pastes. J Endod 1996; 22: 402-5.
- 12. Alaçam T, Yoldaş HO, Gülen O. Dentin penetration of 2 calcium hydroxide combinations. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 1998; 86: 469-72.
- 13. Cai M, Abbott P, Castro Salgado J. pH changes in radicular dentine associated with calcium hydroxide and corticosteroid/antibiotic pastes \[published online ahead of print, 2018 May 13]. Aust Endod J doi: 10.1111/aej.12280.
- 14. Staehle HJ, Spiess V, Heinecke A, Müller HP. Effect of root canal filling materials containing calcium hydroxide on the alkalinity of root dentin. Endod Dent Traumatol 1995; 11: 163-8.
- 15. Petrusevski VM, Risteska K. Behaviour of Phenolphthalein in Strongly Basic Media. Chemistry 2007; 16: 259-65.
- 16. Teixeira FB, Levin LG, Trope M. Investigation of pH at different dentinal sites after placement of calcium hydroxide dressing by two methods. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 2005; 99: 511-6.
- 17. Schneider SW. A comparison of canal preparations in straight and curved root canals. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol 1971; 32: 271-5.
- 18. Tay FR, Gu LS, Schoeffel GJ, Wimmer C, Susin L, Zhang K, et al. Effect of vapor lock on root canal debridement by using a side-vented needle for positive-pressure irrigant delivery. J Endod 2010; 36: 745-50.
- 19. Wobbrock JO, Findlater L, Gergle D, Higgins JJ. The aligned rank transform for nonparametric factorial analyses using only anova procedures. In Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on human factors in computing systems. Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA, 2011; 11: 143-6.
- 20. Kay M, Wobbrock J. ARTool: Aligned Rank Transform for Nonparametric Factorial ANOVAs. [https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.594511](https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.594511), R package version 0.10.7, Available from: [https://github.com/mjskay/ARTool](https://github.com/mjskay/ARTool) (2020).
- 21. Pérez F, Franchi M, Péli JF. Effect of calcium hydroxide form and placement on root dentine pH. Int Endod J 2001; 34: 417-23.
- 22. Calt S, Serper A, Ozçelik B, Dalat MD. pH changes and calcium ion diffusion from calcium hydroxide dressing materials through root dentin. J Endod 1999; 25: 329-31.
- 23. Simon ST, Bhat KS, Francis R. Effect of four vehicles on the pH of calcium hydroxide and the release of calcium ion. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 1995; 80: 459-64.
- 24. Safavi K, Nakayama TA. Influence of mixing vehicle on dissociation of calcium hydroxide in solution. J Endod 2000; 26: 649-51.
A New Method for the Evaluation of pH Changes in Root Dentine by Phenolphthalein Colorimetric Indicator
Öz
Objective: To analyze the effect of two different vehicles and smear layer on the diffusion of hydroxyl ions into the root dentin using phenolphthalein colorimetric indicator.
Materials and Methods: Eighty-eight human mandibular premolars were used. Four randomly selected roots were used as the negative control group. The remaining roots were chemomechanical prepared and randomly divided into 2 main groups according to the final irrigation process: Group 1 (smear-): 4 mL 17% EDTA followed by 4 mL 2.5% NaOCl, group 2 (smear+): 8 mL 2.5% NaOCl. Next, 4 randomly selected roots from group 1 and group 2 were divided into 2 positive control groups. The main groups (n=38) were further divided into 2 subgroups according to the type of vehicle group 1a: CH + glycerin, group 1b: CH + distilled water, group 2a: CH + glycerin, group 2b: CH + distilled water. One week later, root canals were sectioned horizontally. Then, dentin sections were kept in 3% phenolphthalein solution for one day. The stained area, total area and root canal area were measured. The data were statistically analyzed (α=0.05).
Results: The staining pattern was more prominent in the absence of the smear layer (p<0.001). In the presence of the smear layer, the CH-glycerin group had more stained areas than the CH-distilled water group (p<0.01). In the absence of the smear layer, there was no difference between the vehicles (p>0.05).
Conclusion: Both tested vehicles were effective at increasing dentinal pH. Smear layer removal may facilitate the diffusion of hydroxyl ions.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Calcium hydroxide diffusion intracanal medicament pH phenolphthalein
Kaynakça
- 1. Sundqvist G. Bacteriological studies of necrotic dental pulps (dissertation). Umea, Sweden: University of Umea. 1976.
- 2. Byström A, Sundqvist G. Bacteriologic evaluation of the efficacy of mechanical root canal instrumentation in endodontic therapy. Scand J Dent Res 1981; 89: 321-8.
- 3. Byström A, Claesson R, Sundqvist G. The antibacterial effect of camphorated paramonochlorophenol, camphorated phenol and calcium hydroxide in the treatment of infected root canals. Endod Dent Traumatol 1985; 1: 170-5.
- 4. Hermann BW. Biologische Wurzelbehandlung. Frankurfurt am Main: Vergleiche und Ergebnisse; 1950.
- 5. Heithersay GS. Calcium hydroxide in the treatment of pulpless teeth with associated pathology. J Br Endod Soc 1975; 8: 74-93.
- 6. Siqueira JF Jr, Lopes HP. Mechanisms of antimicrobial activity of calcium hydroxide: a critical review. Int Endod J 1999; 32: 361-9.
- 7. Foreman PC, Barnes IE. Review of calcium hydroxide. Int Endod J 1990; 23: 283-97.
- 8. Foster KH, Kulild JC, Weller RN. Effect of smear layer removal on the diffusion of calcium hydroxide through radicular dentin. J Endod 1993; 19: 136-40.
- 9. Tronstad L, Andreasen JO, Hasselgren G, Kristerson L, Riis I. pH changes in dental tissues after root canal filling with calcium hydroxide. J Endod 1981; 7: 17-21.
- 10. Nerwich A, Figdor D, Messer HH. pH changes in root dentin over a 4-week period following root canal dressing with calcium hydroxide. J Endod 1993; 19: 302-6.
- 11. Esberard RM, Carnes DL Jr, del Rio CE. Changes in pH at the dentin surface in roots obturated with calcium hydroxide pastes. J Endod 1996; 22: 402-5.
- 12. Alaçam T, Yoldaş HO, Gülen O. Dentin penetration of 2 calcium hydroxide combinations. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 1998; 86: 469-72.
- 13. Cai M, Abbott P, Castro Salgado J. pH changes in radicular dentine associated with calcium hydroxide and corticosteroid/antibiotic pastes \[published online ahead of print, 2018 May 13]. Aust Endod J doi: 10.1111/aej.12280.
- 14. Staehle HJ, Spiess V, Heinecke A, Müller HP. Effect of root canal filling materials containing calcium hydroxide on the alkalinity of root dentin. Endod Dent Traumatol 1995; 11: 163-8.
- 15. Petrusevski VM, Risteska K. Behaviour of Phenolphthalein in Strongly Basic Media. Chemistry 2007; 16: 259-65.
- 16. Teixeira FB, Levin LG, Trope M. Investigation of pH at different dentinal sites after placement of calcium hydroxide dressing by two methods. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 2005; 99: 511-6.
- 17. Schneider SW. A comparison of canal preparations in straight and curved root canals. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol 1971; 32: 271-5.
- 18. Tay FR, Gu LS, Schoeffel GJ, Wimmer C, Susin L, Zhang K, et al. Effect of vapor lock on root canal debridement by using a side-vented needle for positive-pressure irrigant delivery. J Endod 2010; 36: 745-50.
- 19. Wobbrock JO, Findlater L, Gergle D, Higgins JJ. The aligned rank transform for nonparametric factorial analyses using only anova procedures. In Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on human factors in computing systems. Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA, 2011; 11: 143-6.
- 20. Kay M, Wobbrock J. ARTool: Aligned Rank Transform for Nonparametric Factorial ANOVAs. [https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.594511](https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.594511), R package version 0.10.7, Available from: [https://github.com/mjskay/ARTool](https://github.com/mjskay/ARTool) (2020).
- 21. Pérez F, Franchi M, Péli JF. Effect of calcium hydroxide form and placement on root dentine pH. Int Endod J 2001; 34: 417-23.
- 22. Calt S, Serper A, Ozçelik B, Dalat MD. pH changes and calcium ion diffusion from calcium hydroxide dressing materials through root dentin. J Endod 1999; 25: 329-31.
- 23. Simon ST, Bhat KS, Francis R. Effect of four vehicles on the pH of calcium hydroxide and the release of calcium ion. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 1995; 80: 459-64.
- 24. Safavi K, Nakayama TA. Influence of mixing vehicle on dissociation of calcium hydroxide in solution. J Endod 2000; 26: 649-51.
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | İngilizce |
|---|---|
| Konular | Diş Hekimliği (Diğer) |
| Bölüm | Araştırma Makalesi |
| Yazarlar | |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 30 Aralık 2022 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2022 Cilt: 23 Sayı: 4 |