Öz
Ülkemiz için yeni bir meyve türü olan aronya, gen merkezi Kuzey Amerika olan siyah aronya türü “Aronia melanocarpa” ile diğer bir tür “Sorbus aucuparia” arasında 130 yıl önce Rusya’da başlatılan melezleme çalışmaları sonucunda cinsler arası bir hibrit tür olarak (Aronia mitschurinii) geliştirilmiş ve dünyaya yayılmıştır. İlk küçük ölçekli bahçelerin 10 yıl önce Yalova ve Kırklareli’nde kurulduğu ülkemizde aronya bugün Marmara Bölgesi başta olmak üzere İç Anadolu, Ege, Karadeniz, Doğu ve Güneydoğu Anadolu Bölgelerinde ticari boyutta yetiştirilen ve üreticisinin yüzünü güldüren bir meyve türü haline gelmiştir. Yüksek adaptasyon yeteneği ve kârlılığı nedeniyle tüm bölgelerde giderek yaygınlaşmakta olan aronya yetiştiriciliğinden üreticilerin gelecekte de en yüksek faydayı sağlayabilmesi için türün ekolojik istekleri ile birlikte küresel ısınma ve iklim değişikliğinin bölgelerdeki olası sonuçları dikkate alınarak illerde bu türün yetiştiriciliği için uygun yerleri işaret edecek bir üretim planlamasının yapılması gerekmektedir. Bu derlemede aronya ve bu meyve türünün ekonomik anlamda yetiştiriciliği için önemli faktörler ve uygulamalar güncel bilimsel yaklaşımlar esas alınarak anlatılmıştır.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Aronia mitschurinii Fidan Bahçe Tesisi Kültürel Uygulamalar Aronia melanocarpa
Kaynakça
- Anonim, 2022. Aronya Fizibilite Raporu ve Yatırımcı Rehberi. T.C. Tarım ve Orman Bakanlığı Bitkisel Üretim Genel Müdürlüğü, 45, Ankara.
- Anonymous, 2024. How to Cultivate Aronia. Erişim Tarihi: 18.08.2024. https://aronia.org.pl/how-to-cultivate-aronia Brand MH, Cullina WG, 1992. Micropropagation of Red and Black Chokeberry (Aronia spp.). HortScience 27 (1): 81.
- Brand MH, 2010. Aronia: Native Shrubs With Untapped Potential. Arnoldia 67 (3): 14-25.
- Brand MH, 2017. Propagation of Aronia by Seed, Cuttings, Tissue Culture and Grafting. Acta Horticulturae 1174: 197-204.
- Brand MH, Obae SG, Mahoney JD, Connolly BA, 2022. Ploidy, Genetic Diversity and Speciation of The Genus Aronia. Scientia Horticulturae 291: 110604.
- Chiorean AM, Roşu-Mareş S, Jakab-Ilyefalvi Z, Moldovan C, Zagrai I, Cordea MI, 2023. The Response of Two Chokeberry Cultivars to The Influence of Climatic Factors in Bistrita Area, Romania. Bulletin of University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca. Horticulture 80 (2): 15-21.
- Coşkun S, 2024. Aronya (Aronia melanocarpa (Michx) Elliot) Mikro Çeliklerinin Yüzen Perlit Yatağında Ex Vitro Köklenmesi Üzerine IBA Dozlarının Etkilerinin Belirlenmesi. Ankara Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, 52s, Ankara.
- Dinu MD, Mazilu IE, Cosmulescu S, 2022. Influence of Climatic Factors on The Phenology of Chokeberry Cultivars Planted in The Pedoclimatic Conditions of Southern Romania. Sustainability 14: 4991.
- Dragomir D, Hoza D, Oltenacu VC, 2023. Study Regarding The Behavior of Three Chokeberry Cultivars (Aronia melanocarpa) Cultivated in Organic System. Scientific Papers Series B, Horticulture, Vol. LXVII, No. 2, 71-15.
- Ekiert H, Kubica P, Szopa A, 2021. Successful Cultivation and Utilization of Aronia melanocarpa (Michx.) Elliott (Black Chokeberry), a Species of North-American origin, in Poland and The Biosynthetic Potential of Cells From in Vitro Cultures. In: Ekiert HM, Ramawat KG, Arora J (Eds), From Medicinal Plants. Sustainable Development and Biodiversity. Springer, Switzerland, 69-111.
- Everhart E, 2009. Aronia - A New Crop for Iowa. Erişim Tarihi: 18.08.2024. https://www.extension.iastate.edu/news/2009/mar/110401.htm
- Gerasimov MA, Perova IB, Eller KI, Akimov MY, Sukhanova AM, Rodionova GM, Ramenskaya GV, 2023. Investigation of Polyphenolic Compounds in Different Varieties of Black Chokeberry Aronia melanocarpa. Molecules 28 (10): 4101.
- Green BV, Aroh B, Fiorellino NM, Ristvey AG, Volkis VV, 2023. Effect of Cultural Management and Plant Age on The Yield, °Brix, and Antioxidant Content of Aronia mitschurinii grown in Maryland. ACS OMEGA 8 (4): 4060-4071.
- Hornig R, 2020. WILDFRÜCHTE Apfelbeere, Scheinquitte, Fruchtrose – Anbau - Verarbeitung – Absatz. Rostock/Schwerin, 71pp, Deutschland.
- Jurikova T, Mlcek J, Skrovankova S, Sumczynski D, Sochor J, Hlavacova I, Snopek L, Orsavova J, 2017. Fruits of Black Chokeberry Aronia melanocarpa in The Prevention of Chronic Diseases. Molecules 22 (6): 944.
- Knudson M, 2009. Plant Guide. Black Chokeberry (Aronia melanocarpa (Michx.) Ell. USDA-Nat. Resources Cons. Service, Bismark Plant Materials Center, ND 58504, Bismark.
- Lentz EE, Lubell-Brand JD, Brand MH, 2023. Renewal Pruning Alone or in Combination With Thinning Pruning Affects Growth, Fruit Yield and Fruit Quality of Aroniaberry. HortScience 58 (9): 1023-1027.
- Leonard PJ, Brand MH, Connolly BA, Obae SG, 2013. Investigation of The Origin of Aronia mitschurinii Using Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism Analysis. HortScience 48 (5): 520-524.
- Litwinczuk W, 2013. Micropropagation of Chokeberry by in Vitro Axillary Shoot Proliferation, In: Lambardi M, Ozudogru E, Jain SM (Eds), From Protocols for Micropropagation of Selected Economically-Important Horticultural Plants. Humana Press, USA, 179-186.
- Mahoney JD. Hau TM, Connolly BA, Brand MH, 2019. Sexual and Apomictic Seed Reproduction in Aronia Species With Different Ploidy Levels. HortScience 54 (4): 642-646.
- Mahoney JD, Ristvey AG, Brand MH, 2023. Chilling Requirements to Relieve Bud Dormancy in Black-Fruited Aronia Taxonomic Groups is Related to Ploidy and Geographic Origin. HortScience 58 (9): 1028-1034.
- McKay SA, 2001. Demand Increasing for Aronia and Elderberry in North America. New York Fruit Quarterly 9 (3): 2-3.
- Ochmian I, Grajkowski J, Smolik M, 2012. Comparison of Some Morphological Features, Quality and Chemical Content of Four Cultivars of Chokeberry Fruits (Aronia melanocarpa). Not Bot Horti Agrobo 40 (1): 253-260.
- Özdemir K, Eroğlu Özkan E, 2020. Aronia sp. Meyvelerinin Kimyasal Bileşimi ve Biyolojik Aktiviteleri. Ankara Ecz. Fak. Derg. 44 (3): 557-570.
- Popescu E, 2018. Results from Testing of Pruning operations in Plants of Chokeberry (Aronia melanocarpa L.). Journal of Mountain Agriculture on The Balkans 21 (2): 141-151.
- Poyraz Engin S, 2020. ‘Nero’ ve ‘Viking’ Aronya (Aronia melanocarpa (Michx) Elliot) Çeşitlerinin Agromorfolojik Özellikleri ve Farklı Olgunluk Seviyelerindeki Meyve Kalite Parametrelerinin Belirlenmesi. Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Doktora Tezi, 195s, Bursa.
- Ristvey AG, Mathew SA, 2011. Aronia: Cultural and Production Considerations as an Alternative Crop. Combined Proceedings Int. Plant Propagators’ Society 61, 463-468.
- Shahin L, Sheriff SP, Vaidya BN, Brown JE, Joshee N, 2019. Aronia (Chokeberry): An Underutilized, Highly Nutraceutical Plant. Journal of Medicinally Active Plants 8 (4): 46-63.
- Sharma P, Bratley K, Ford T, Ristvey AG, Volkis VV, 2025. Aronia mitschurinii-New Generation of Super Fruits with Multiple Health Benefits. Journal of Berry Research 15 (1): 12-25. Shi D, Xu J, Sheng L, Song K, 2024. Comprehensive Utilization Technology of Aronia melanocarpa. Molecules 29 (6): 1388.
- Sun J, Shi S, Li J, Yu J, Wang L, Yang X, Guo L, Zhou S, 2018. Phylogeny of Maleae (Rosaceae) Based on Multiple Chloroplast Regions: Implications to Genera Circumscription. Biomed Res Int. 7627191. doi:10.1155/2018/7627191.
- Şahin A, Erdoğan Ü, 2022. Aronia (Aronia melanocarpa Michx Elliot) Production and Evaluation Methods in The World and Turkey. Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology 10 (1): 81-85.
- Yıldırım M, 2023. Aronya (Aronia melanocarpa L) Odun Çeliklerinin Köklendirilmesi Üzerine Hormon Dozlarının Etkileri. Tokat Gazi Osmanpaşa Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Yüksek Lisans Tezi. 45s, Tokat.
- Zhang Y, Zhao Y, Liu X, Chen X, Ding C, Dong L, Zhang J, Sun S, Ding Q, Khatoom S, Cheng Z, Liu W, Shen L, Xiao F, 2021. Chokeberry (Aronia melanocarpa) as a New Functional Food Relationship With Health: An Overview. Journal of Future Foods 1 (2): 168-178.
Öz
Aronia, a new fruit species for Türkiye, was developed as an intergeneric hybrid species (Aronia mitschurinii) as a result of the hybridization studies initiated in Russia 130 years ago between the black aronia “Aronia melanocarpa”, whose gene center is in North America, and “Sorbus aucuparia”, and spread throughout the world. In Türkiye, where the first small-scale orchards were established in Yalova and Kırklareli 10 years ago, aronia has become a fruit species that is grown commercially and satisfies the producers, especially in the Marmara Region, Central Anatolia, Aegean, Black Sea, Eastern and Southeastern Anatolia Regions. In order for producers to obtain the most benefit in the future from aronia cultivation, which is becoming widespread in all regions every day due to its high adaptability and profitability, a production planning should first be made to indicate suitable areas for the cultivation of this species in the provinces by taking into account the ecological requirements of this species along with the possible consequences of global warming and climate change in the regions. In this review, aronia and the important factors and practices for the economic cultivation of this fruit species are explained based on current scientific approaches.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Aronia melanocarpa Aronia mitschurinii Sapling Orchard establishment Cultural practices
Kaynakça
- Anonim, 2022. Aronya Fizibilite Raporu ve Yatırımcı Rehberi. T.C. Tarım ve Orman Bakanlığı Bitkisel Üretim Genel Müdürlüğü, 45, Ankara.
- Anonymous, 2024. How to Cultivate Aronia. Erişim Tarihi: 18.08.2024. https://aronia.org.pl/how-to-cultivate-aronia Brand MH, Cullina WG, 1992. Micropropagation of Red and Black Chokeberry (Aronia spp.). HortScience 27 (1): 81.
- Brand MH, 2010. Aronia: Native Shrubs With Untapped Potential. Arnoldia 67 (3): 14-25.
- Brand MH, 2017. Propagation of Aronia by Seed, Cuttings, Tissue Culture and Grafting. Acta Horticulturae 1174: 197-204.
- Brand MH, Obae SG, Mahoney JD, Connolly BA, 2022. Ploidy, Genetic Diversity and Speciation of The Genus Aronia. Scientia Horticulturae 291: 110604.
- Chiorean AM, Roşu-Mareş S, Jakab-Ilyefalvi Z, Moldovan C, Zagrai I, Cordea MI, 2023. The Response of Two Chokeberry Cultivars to The Influence of Climatic Factors in Bistrita Area, Romania. Bulletin of University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca. Horticulture 80 (2): 15-21.
- Coşkun S, 2024. Aronya (Aronia melanocarpa (Michx) Elliot) Mikro Çeliklerinin Yüzen Perlit Yatağında Ex Vitro Köklenmesi Üzerine IBA Dozlarının Etkilerinin Belirlenmesi. Ankara Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, 52s, Ankara.
- Dinu MD, Mazilu IE, Cosmulescu S, 2022. Influence of Climatic Factors on The Phenology of Chokeberry Cultivars Planted in The Pedoclimatic Conditions of Southern Romania. Sustainability 14: 4991.
- Dragomir D, Hoza D, Oltenacu VC, 2023. Study Regarding The Behavior of Three Chokeberry Cultivars (Aronia melanocarpa) Cultivated in Organic System. Scientific Papers Series B, Horticulture, Vol. LXVII, No. 2, 71-15.
- Ekiert H, Kubica P, Szopa A, 2021. Successful Cultivation and Utilization of Aronia melanocarpa (Michx.) Elliott (Black Chokeberry), a Species of North-American origin, in Poland and The Biosynthetic Potential of Cells From in Vitro Cultures. In: Ekiert HM, Ramawat KG, Arora J (Eds), From Medicinal Plants. Sustainable Development and Biodiversity. Springer, Switzerland, 69-111.
- Everhart E, 2009. Aronia - A New Crop for Iowa. Erişim Tarihi: 18.08.2024. https://www.extension.iastate.edu/news/2009/mar/110401.htm
- Gerasimov MA, Perova IB, Eller KI, Akimov MY, Sukhanova AM, Rodionova GM, Ramenskaya GV, 2023. Investigation of Polyphenolic Compounds in Different Varieties of Black Chokeberry Aronia melanocarpa. Molecules 28 (10): 4101.
- Green BV, Aroh B, Fiorellino NM, Ristvey AG, Volkis VV, 2023. Effect of Cultural Management and Plant Age on The Yield, °Brix, and Antioxidant Content of Aronia mitschurinii grown in Maryland. ACS OMEGA 8 (4): 4060-4071.
- Hornig R, 2020. WILDFRÜCHTE Apfelbeere, Scheinquitte, Fruchtrose – Anbau - Verarbeitung – Absatz. Rostock/Schwerin, 71pp, Deutschland.
- Jurikova T, Mlcek J, Skrovankova S, Sumczynski D, Sochor J, Hlavacova I, Snopek L, Orsavova J, 2017. Fruits of Black Chokeberry Aronia melanocarpa in The Prevention of Chronic Diseases. Molecules 22 (6): 944.
- Knudson M, 2009. Plant Guide. Black Chokeberry (Aronia melanocarpa (Michx.) Ell. USDA-Nat. Resources Cons. Service, Bismark Plant Materials Center, ND 58504, Bismark.
- Lentz EE, Lubell-Brand JD, Brand MH, 2023. Renewal Pruning Alone or in Combination With Thinning Pruning Affects Growth, Fruit Yield and Fruit Quality of Aroniaberry. HortScience 58 (9): 1023-1027.
- Leonard PJ, Brand MH, Connolly BA, Obae SG, 2013. Investigation of The Origin of Aronia mitschurinii Using Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism Analysis. HortScience 48 (5): 520-524.
- Litwinczuk W, 2013. Micropropagation of Chokeberry by in Vitro Axillary Shoot Proliferation, In: Lambardi M, Ozudogru E, Jain SM (Eds), From Protocols for Micropropagation of Selected Economically-Important Horticultural Plants. Humana Press, USA, 179-186.
- Mahoney JD. Hau TM, Connolly BA, Brand MH, 2019. Sexual and Apomictic Seed Reproduction in Aronia Species With Different Ploidy Levels. HortScience 54 (4): 642-646.
- Mahoney JD, Ristvey AG, Brand MH, 2023. Chilling Requirements to Relieve Bud Dormancy in Black-Fruited Aronia Taxonomic Groups is Related to Ploidy and Geographic Origin. HortScience 58 (9): 1028-1034.
- McKay SA, 2001. Demand Increasing for Aronia and Elderberry in North America. New York Fruit Quarterly 9 (3): 2-3.
- Ochmian I, Grajkowski J, Smolik M, 2012. Comparison of Some Morphological Features, Quality and Chemical Content of Four Cultivars of Chokeberry Fruits (Aronia melanocarpa). Not Bot Horti Agrobo 40 (1): 253-260.
- Özdemir K, Eroğlu Özkan E, 2020. Aronia sp. Meyvelerinin Kimyasal Bileşimi ve Biyolojik Aktiviteleri. Ankara Ecz. Fak. Derg. 44 (3): 557-570.
- Popescu E, 2018. Results from Testing of Pruning operations in Plants of Chokeberry (Aronia melanocarpa L.). Journal of Mountain Agriculture on The Balkans 21 (2): 141-151.
- Poyraz Engin S, 2020. ‘Nero’ ve ‘Viking’ Aronya (Aronia melanocarpa (Michx) Elliot) Çeşitlerinin Agromorfolojik Özellikleri ve Farklı Olgunluk Seviyelerindeki Meyve Kalite Parametrelerinin Belirlenmesi. Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Doktora Tezi, 195s, Bursa.
- Ristvey AG, Mathew SA, 2011. Aronia: Cultural and Production Considerations as an Alternative Crop. Combined Proceedings Int. Plant Propagators’ Society 61, 463-468.
- Shahin L, Sheriff SP, Vaidya BN, Brown JE, Joshee N, 2019. Aronia (Chokeberry): An Underutilized, Highly Nutraceutical Plant. Journal of Medicinally Active Plants 8 (4): 46-63.
- Sharma P, Bratley K, Ford T, Ristvey AG, Volkis VV, 2025. Aronia mitschurinii-New Generation of Super Fruits with Multiple Health Benefits. Journal of Berry Research 15 (1): 12-25. Shi D, Xu J, Sheng L, Song K, 2024. Comprehensive Utilization Technology of Aronia melanocarpa. Molecules 29 (6): 1388.
- Sun J, Shi S, Li J, Yu J, Wang L, Yang X, Guo L, Zhou S, 2018. Phylogeny of Maleae (Rosaceae) Based on Multiple Chloroplast Regions: Implications to Genera Circumscription. Biomed Res Int. 7627191. doi:10.1155/2018/7627191.
- Şahin A, Erdoğan Ü, 2022. Aronia (Aronia melanocarpa Michx Elliot) Production and Evaluation Methods in The World and Turkey. Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology 10 (1): 81-85.
- Yıldırım M, 2023. Aronya (Aronia melanocarpa L) Odun Çeliklerinin Köklendirilmesi Üzerine Hormon Dozlarının Etkileri. Tokat Gazi Osmanpaşa Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Yüksek Lisans Tezi. 45s, Tokat.
- Zhang Y, Zhao Y, Liu X, Chen X, Ding C, Dong L, Zhang J, Sun S, Ding Q, Khatoom S, Cheng Z, Liu W, Shen L, Xiao F, 2021. Chokeberry (Aronia melanocarpa) as a New Functional Food Relationship With Health: An Overview. Journal of Future Foods 1 (2): 168-178.
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | Türkçe |
|---|---|
| Konular | Bitki Bilimi (Diğer) |
| Bölüm | Makaleler |
| Yazarlar | |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 9 Temmuz 2025 |
| Gönderilme Tarihi | 15 Eylül 2024 |
| Kabul Tarihi | 30 Aralık 2024 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2025 Cilt: 12 Sayı: 1 |
