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Can Climate Change Adaptation Practices Be Read As Everyday Resistance?: The Acts of the Civil Initiatives in Türkiye

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 15 Sayı: 1, 209 - 223, 27.06.2025

Cihan Ertan

Öz

The primary aim of this article is to assess the practices of civil environmental initiatives in Türkiye from the conceptual framework of everyday resistance. By doing this, the article draws on a framework used for a systemic analysis of everyday resistance in resistance studies, which consists of (1) repertoires of everyday resistance in relation to particular configuration of power; (2) relations of actors, (3) the temporalization of everyday resistance; and (4) the spatialization of everyday resistance. The data of the study were obtained from 16 pro-environmental civil initiatives through in-depth interviews and analyzed using qualitative data analysis software ATLAS.ti. The results of the study reveal that the everyday practices of the participants in the study to mitigate climate change can be considered as everyday resistance, since at all levels of the quadruple framework used in the analysis process, the common fact is that they seek to suggest and construct an alternative social reality that contrasts with and resists to the existing socio-economic codes. Based on the findings, it can also be concluded that these everyday practices of the resistance actors to mitigate climate change should be understood not only as a form of resistance, but also as contributions to the political process concerning climate change crisis.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Climate change adaptation everyday resistance environment.

Proje Numarası

123K047

Kaynakça

  • Anderson K. 2023, November 30, “Is there a growing resistance to climate change policies?”. Greenly Institute. https://greenly.earth/en-us/blog/ecology-news/is-there-a-growing-resistance-to-climate-change-policies
  • Awad S. H., Wagoner B. & Glaveanu V. 2017, “The Street Art of Resistance”. Eds. N. Chaudhary, P. Hviid, G. Marsico & J. W. Villadsen, Resistance in Everyday Life. New York, 161 – 181.
  • Baaz M., Lilja M., Schulz M. & Vinthagen S. 2016, “Defining and Analyzing ‘Resistance’: Possible Entrances to the Study of Subversive Practices”. Alternatives: Global, Local, Political, 41(3), 137 – 153.
  • Bahçetepe S. 2025, Şubat 27, “İklimi Yok Etmenin Kanunu”. BirGün Gazetesi. Kaynak: https://www.birgun.net/haber/iklimi-yok-etmenin-kanunu-603012. Erişim Tarihi: 15 Şubat 2025.
  • Ballard R. 2023, “Everyday Resistance: Theorising how the ‘Weak’ change the World”. Eds. R. Ballard & C. Barnett, The Routledge Handbook of Social Change. London, 303 – 315.
  • Banham R. 2022, “‘Everyday resistance’: Challenging the norms of human–nonhuman engagements through bushwalking in Tasmania”. Journal of Sociology, 58(4), 570 - 587.
  • Bergman J. N., Buxton R. T., Lin H. Y., Lenda M., Attinello K., Hajdasz A. C., Rivest S. A., Nguyen T. T., Cooke S. J. & Bennett J. R. 2022, “Evaluating the benefits and risks of social media for wildlife conservation”. FACETS, 7, 360 397. https://doi.org/10.1139/facets-2021-0112
  • Creswell J. W. 2016, Araştırma Deseni: Nitel, Nicel ve Karma Yaklaşımlar, Çev. S. B. Demir, Ankara.
  • de Certeau M. 1984, Practice of Everyday Life. Çev. S. Rendall, Berkeley, Los Angeles, London.
  • DeVault L. M. 1996, “Talking Back to Sociology: Distinctive Contributions of Feminist Methodology”. Annual Review of Sociology, 22, 29 – 50. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.soc.22.1.29
  • Erben Ş. E. 2023, Bir Tweet Dünyayı Değiştirir mi?: Ekoloji Mücadelesi ve Dijital Aktivizm, İstanbul.
  • Ertan C. 2017, Dövmeli Bedenler, Ankara.
  • European Environment Agency. 2024, September 10, “Climate Change Mitigation: Reducing Emissions.” https://www.eea.europa.eu/en/topics/in-depth/climate-change-mitigation-reducingemissions#:~:text=Mitigating%20climate%20change%20means%20reducing,important%20part%20of%20the%20solution.
  • Fiske J. 1989, Understanding Popular Culture, London and New York.
  • Fiske J. 2005, Reading the Popular. Routledge, London and New York.
  • Hebdige D. 1979, Subculture: The Meaning of Styles, New York and London.
  • Hickel J. 2020, Less is More: How Degrowth Will Save The World, London.
  • Hollander J. A. & Einwohner R. L. 2004, “Conceptualizing Resistance”. Sociological Forum, 19(4), 533 – 554.
  • IPCC 2014. “Climate Change 2014: Synthesis Report. Contribution of Working Groups I, II and III to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [Core Writing Team, R.K. Pachauri and L.A. Meyer (eds.)]. IPCC, Geneva, Switzerland, 151 pp.
  • IPCC 2023. “Summary for Policymakers. In: Climate Change 2023: Synthesis Report. Contribution of Working Groups I, II and III to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [Core Writing Team, H. Lee and J. Romero (eds.)]. IPCC, Geneva, Switzerland, 1-34, doi: 10.59327/IPCC/AR6-9789291691647.001.
  • IPCC 2001. Impacts, Adaptation, and Vulnerability [J. J. McCarthy, O. F. Canziani, N. A. Leary, D. J. Dokken, K. S. White, (eds.)]. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK and New York, NY, USA.
  • IPCC 2022. Summary for Policymakers [P.R. Shukla, J. Skea, A. Reisinger, R. Slade, R. Fradera, M. Pathak, A. Al Khourdajie, M. Belkacemi, R. van Diemen, A. Hasija, G. Lisboa, S. Luz, J. Malley, D. McCollum, S. Some, P. Vyas, (eds.)]. In: Climate Change 2022: Mitigation of Climate Change. Contribution of Working Group III to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [P.R. Shukla, J. Skea, R. Slade, A. Al Khourdajie, R. van Diemen, D. McCollum, M. Pathak, S. Some, P. Vyas, R. Fradera, M. Belkacemi, A. Hasija, G. Lisboa, S. Luz, J. Malley, (eds.)]. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK and New York, NY, USA. doi: 10.1017/9781009157926.001.
  • IPCC 2007b. “Climate Change: Mitigation of Climate Change (Summary for Policy Makers), Working Group III Contribution to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Fourth Assessment Report”, Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change.
  • Johansson A. & Vinthagen S. 2014, “Dimensions Everyday Resistance: An Analytical Framework”. Critical Sociology, 1 – 19. doi:10.1177/0896920514524604.
  • Johansson A. & Vinthagen S. 2020, Conceptualizing Everyday Resistance: A Transdisciplinary Approach, New York and London.
  • Lawrence J. A. & Dodds A. E. 2018, “Toward a Psychology of Resistance”. Integr. psych. Behave, 52, 67–76. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12124-017-9411-9.
  • Le Breton D. 2010, Ten ve İz, İstanbul.
  • Mavrodieva A., Rachman O., Harahap V. & Shaw R. 2019, “Role of Social Media as a Soft Power Tool in Raising Public Awareness and Engagement in Addressing Climate Change”. Climate, 7(10), 122. https://doi.org/10.3390/cli7100122.
  • Merriam S. B. 2018, Nitel Araştırma: Desen ve Uygulama için Bir Rehber, Çev. S. Turan, Ankara.
  • Mills-Novoa M. & Mikulewicz M. 2025, “The Promise of Resistance: A New Lens for Climate Change Adaptation Research and Practice”. WIREs Clim Change, 16: e922. https://doi.org/10.1002/wcc.922.
  • Moore S. A., Wilson J., Kelly-Richards S. & Marston S. A. 2015, “School Gardens as Sites for Forging Progressive Socioecological Futures”. Annals of the Association of American Geographers, 105(2), 407–415. doi:10.1080/00045608.2014.9856.
  • Pelling M., O'Brien K. & Matyas, D. 2015, “Adaptation and Transformation”. Climatic Change, 133(1), 113-127.
  • Punch, K. F. 2016, Sosyal Araştırmalara Giriş, Çev. D. Bayrak, H. B. Arslan & Z. Akyüz, Ankara.
  • Scott J. 2013, Decoding Subaltern Politics: Ideology, Disguise, and Resistance in Agrarian Politics, New York and London.
  • Scott J. C. 1990, Domination and the Arts of Resistance: Hidden Transcripts, New Haven and London.
  • Singh N. M. 2013, “The affective labor of growing forests and the becoming of environmental subjects: Rethinking environmentality in Odisha, India”, Geoforum, 47, 189 - 198.
  • Spurk J. 2023, September 20 – 22, “Crisis? What Crisis? Sociological Considerations”. In 10th National Sociological Conference [Opening Speech of Invited Speaker], Galatasaray University, İstanbul, Türkiye. https://www.sosyolojikongresi.org.
  • Takashina N., Cheung H. & Miyazawa M. 2023, “Spread the word: Sharing information on social media can stabilize conservation funding and improve ecological outcomes”. Conservation Science and Practice, 5(5), e12857. https://doi.org/10.1111/csp2.12857.
  • The Climate Promise. 2024, February 29, “What is climate change mitigation and why is it urgent?”. https://climatepromise.undp.org/news-and-stories/what-climate-change-mitigation-and-why-it-urgent.
  • United Nations Climate Change. 2022, October 26, “Climate Plans Remain Insufficient: More Ambitious Action Needed Now.” https://unfccc.int/news/climate-plans-remain-insufficient-more-ambitious-action-needed-now.
  • United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCC). n.d., Article 1 Definitions. Erişim Tarihi 30 Eylül 2024. https://unfccc.int/resource/ccsites/zimbab/conven/text/art01.htm.
  • Vinthagen S. & Johansson A. 2013, “‘Everyday Resistance’: Exploration of a Concept and its Theories”. Resistance Studies Magazine, 1, 1 – 46.
  • Walby S. 2022, “Crisis and society: developing the theory of crisis in the context of COVID-19”. Global Discourse, 12(3-4), 498 – 516.
  • Yeşil Gazete. 2024, October 4, “AB Komisyonu ‘ormansızlaşmayı önleme’ yasasını 12 ay erteledi, yeşil gruplar öfkeli”. https://yesilgazete.org/ab-komisyonu-ormansizlasmayi-onleme-yasasini-12-ay-erteledi-yesil-gruplar-ofkeli/

İklim Değişikliği Uyum Pratikleri Gündelik Direniş Olarak Okunabilir mi?: Türkiye’deki Sivil Girişimlerin Eylemlilikleri

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 15 Sayı: 1, 209 - 223, 27.06.2025

Cihan Ertan

Öz

Bu makalenin birincil amacı Türkiye’deki sivil çevreci girişimlerin pratiklerini gündelik direnişin kavramsal çerçevesinden hareketle değerlendirmektir. Bunu yaparken bu makale, direniş çalışmalarında sistematik bir gündelik direniş için kullanılan; (1) belirli bir iktidar yapılanmasıyla ilişkili gündelik direnişin repertuarları, (2) aktörlerin ilişkileri, (3) gündelik direnişin zamansallığı ve (4) gündelik direnişin uzamsallığı düzeylerinden oluşan bir çerçeveden yararlanmaktadır. Çalışmanın verileri, 16 çevreci sivil girişimden, derinlemesine görüşmeler yoluyla elde edilmiş olup nitel veri analiz yazılımı olan ATLAS.ti kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Çalışmanın sonuçları, çalışmaya katılan bireylerin, iklim değişikliğini azaltmaya yönelik gündelik eylemlerinin, gündelik direniş olarak düşünülebileceğini ortaya koymaktadır çünkü analiz sürecinde kullanılan dörtlü çerçevenin tüm düzeylerinde ortak olan gerçek, bireylerin, var olan sosyo-ekonomik kodlarla ters düşen ve onlara direnen alternatif bir toplumsal gerçeklik önermeyi ve inşa etmeyi amaç edindikleridir. Bulgulardan hareketle, aktörlerin, iklim değişikliğini azaltmaya yönelik söz konusu gündelik direniş pratiklerinin, salt bir direniş biçimi olarak görülmemesi; ayrıca iklim değişikliği kriziyle ilintili politik sürece katkı olarak değerlendirilmesi gerektiği de ileri sürülebilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

İklim değişikliği uyum gündelik direniş çevre.

Proje Numarası

123K047

Kaynakça

  • Anderson K. 2023, November 30, “Is there a growing resistance to climate change policies?”. Greenly Institute. https://greenly.earth/en-us/blog/ecology-news/is-there-a-growing-resistance-to-climate-change-policies
  • Awad S. H., Wagoner B. & Glaveanu V. 2017, “The Street Art of Resistance”. Eds. N. Chaudhary, P. Hviid, G. Marsico & J. W. Villadsen, Resistance in Everyday Life. New York, 161 – 181.
  • Baaz M., Lilja M., Schulz M. & Vinthagen S. 2016, “Defining and Analyzing ‘Resistance’: Possible Entrances to the Study of Subversive Practices”. Alternatives: Global, Local, Political, 41(3), 137 – 153.
  • Bahçetepe S. 2025, Şubat 27, “İklimi Yok Etmenin Kanunu”. BirGün Gazetesi. Kaynak: https://www.birgun.net/haber/iklimi-yok-etmenin-kanunu-603012. Erişim Tarihi: 15 Şubat 2025.
  • Ballard R. 2023, “Everyday Resistance: Theorising how the ‘Weak’ change the World”. Eds. R. Ballard & C. Barnett, The Routledge Handbook of Social Change. London, 303 – 315.
  • Banham R. 2022, “‘Everyday resistance’: Challenging the norms of human–nonhuman engagements through bushwalking in Tasmania”. Journal of Sociology, 58(4), 570 - 587.
  • Bergman J. N., Buxton R. T., Lin H. Y., Lenda M., Attinello K., Hajdasz A. C., Rivest S. A., Nguyen T. T., Cooke S. J. & Bennett J. R. 2022, “Evaluating the benefits and risks of social media for wildlife conservation”. FACETS, 7, 360 397. https://doi.org/10.1139/facets-2021-0112
  • Creswell J. W. 2016, Araştırma Deseni: Nitel, Nicel ve Karma Yaklaşımlar, Çev. S. B. Demir, Ankara.
  • de Certeau M. 1984, Practice of Everyday Life. Çev. S. Rendall, Berkeley, Los Angeles, London.
  • DeVault L. M. 1996, “Talking Back to Sociology: Distinctive Contributions of Feminist Methodology”. Annual Review of Sociology, 22, 29 – 50. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.soc.22.1.29
  • Erben Ş. E. 2023, Bir Tweet Dünyayı Değiştirir mi?: Ekoloji Mücadelesi ve Dijital Aktivizm, İstanbul.
  • Ertan C. 2017, Dövmeli Bedenler, Ankara.
  • European Environment Agency. 2024, September 10, “Climate Change Mitigation: Reducing Emissions.” https://www.eea.europa.eu/en/topics/in-depth/climate-change-mitigation-reducingemissions#:~:text=Mitigating%20climate%20change%20means%20reducing,important%20part%20of%20the%20solution.
  • Fiske J. 1989, Understanding Popular Culture, London and New York.
  • Fiske J. 2005, Reading the Popular. Routledge, London and New York.
  • Hebdige D. 1979, Subculture: The Meaning of Styles, New York and London.
  • Hickel J. 2020, Less is More: How Degrowth Will Save The World, London.
  • Hollander J. A. & Einwohner R. L. 2004, “Conceptualizing Resistance”. Sociological Forum, 19(4), 533 – 554.
  • IPCC 2014. “Climate Change 2014: Synthesis Report. Contribution of Working Groups I, II and III to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [Core Writing Team, R.K. Pachauri and L.A. Meyer (eds.)]. IPCC, Geneva, Switzerland, 151 pp.
  • IPCC 2023. “Summary for Policymakers. In: Climate Change 2023: Synthesis Report. Contribution of Working Groups I, II and III to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [Core Writing Team, H. Lee and J. Romero (eds.)]. IPCC, Geneva, Switzerland, 1-34, doi: 10.59327/IPCC/AR6-9789291691647.001.
  • IPCC 2001. Impacts, Adaptation, and Vulnerability [J. J. McCarthy, O. F. Canziani, N. A. Leary, D. J. Dokken, K. S. White, (eds.)]. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK and New York, NY, USA.
  • IPCC 2022. Summary for Policymakers [P.R. Shukla, J. Skea, A. Reisinger, R. Slade, R. Fradera, M. Pathak, A. Al Khourdajie, M. Belkacemi, R. van Diemen, A. Hasija, G. Lisboa, S. Luz, J. Malley, D. McCollum, S. Some, P. Vyas, (eds.)]. In: Climate Change 2022: Mitigation of Climate Change. Contribution of Working Group III to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [P.R. Shukla, J. Skea, R. Slade, A. Al Khourdajie, R. van Diemen, D. McCollum, M. Pathak, S. Some, P. Vyas, R. Fradera, M. Belkacemi, A. Hasija, G. Lisboa, S. Luz, J. Malley, (eds.)]. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK and New York, NY, USA. doi: 10.1017/9781009157926.001.
  • IPCC 2007b. “Climate Change: Mitigation of Climate Change (Summary for Policy Makers), Working Group III Contribution to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Fourth Assessment Report”, Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change.
  • Johansson A. & Vinthagen S. 2014, “Dimensions Everyday Resistance: An Analytical Framework”. Critical Sociology, 1 – 19. doi:10.1177/0896920514524604.
  • Johansson A. & Vinthagen S. 2020, Conceptualizing Everyday Resistance: A Transdisciplinary Approach, New York and London.
  • Lawrence J. A. & Dodds A. E. 2018, “Toward a Psychology of Resistance”. Integr. psych. Behave, 52, 67–76. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12124-017-9411-9.
  • Le Breton D. 2010, Ten ve İz, İstanbul.
  • Mavrodieva A., Rachman O., Harahap V. & Shaw R. 2019, “Role of Social Media as a Soft Power Tool in Raising Public Awareness and Engagement in Addressing Climate Change”. Climate, 7(10), 122. https://doi.org/10.3390/cli7100122.
  • Merriam S. B. 2018, Nitel Araştırma: Desen ve Uygulama için Bir Rehber, Çev. S. Turan, Ankara.
  • Mills-Novoa M. & Mikulewicz M. 2025, “The Promise of Resistance: A New Lens for Climate Change Adaptation Research and Practice”. WIREs Clim Change, 16: e922. https://doi.org/10.1002/wcc.922.
  • Moore S. A., Wilson J., Kelly-Richards S. & Marston S. A. 2015, “School Gardens as Sites for Forging Progressive Socioecological Futures”. Annals of the Association of American Geographers, 105(2), 407–415. doi:10.1080/00045608.2014.9856.
  • Pelling M., O'Brien K. & Matyas, D. 2015, “Adaptation and Transformation”. Climatic Change, 133(1), 113-127.
  • Punch, K. F. 2016, Sosyal Araştırmalara Giriş, Çev. D. Bayrak, H. B. Arslan & Z. Akyüz, Ankara.
  • Scott J. 2013, Decoding Subaltern Politics: Ideology, Disguise, and Resistance in Agrarian Politics, New York and London.
  • Scott J. C. 1990, Domination and the Arts of Resistance: Hidden Transcripts, New Haven and London.
  • Singh N. M. 2013, “The affective labor of growing forests and the becoming of environmental subjects: Rethinking environmentality in Odisha, India”, Geoforum, 47, 189 - 198.
  • Spurk J. 2023, September 20 – 22, “Crisis? What Crisis? Sociological Considerations”. In 10th National Sociological Conference [Opening Speech of Invited Speaker], Galatasaray University, İstanbul, Türkiye. https://www.sosyolojikongresi.org.
  • Takashina N., Cheung H. & Miyazawa M. 2023, “Spread the word: Sharing information on social media can stabilize conservation funding and improve ecological outcomes”. Conservation Science and Practice, 5(5), e12857. https://doi.org/10.1111/csp2.12857.
  • The Climate Promise. 2024, February 29, “What is climate change mitigation and why is it urgent?”. https://climatepromise.undp.org/news-and-stories/what-climate-change-mitigation-and-why-it-urgent.
  • United Nations Climate Change. 2022, October 26, “Climate Plans Remain Insufficient: More Ambitious Action Needed Now.” https://unfccc.int/news/climate-plans-remain-insufficient-more-ambitious-action-needed-now.
  • United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCC). n.d., Article 1 Definitions. Erişim Tarihi 30 Eylül 2024. https://unfccc.int/resource/ccsites/zimbab/conven/text/art01.htm.
  • Vinthagen S. & Johansson A. 2013, “‘Everyday Resistance’: Exploration of a Concept and its Theories”. Resistance Studies Magazine, 1, 1 – 46.
  • Walby S. 2022, “Crisis and society: developing the theory of crisis in the context of COVID-19”. Global Discourse, 12(3-4), 498 – 516.
  • Yeşil Gazete. 2024, October 4, “AB Komisyonu ‘ormansızlaşmayı önleme’ yasasını 12 ay erteledi, yeşil gruplar öfkeli”. https://yesilgazete.org/ab-komisyonu-ormansizlasmayi-onleme-yasasini-12-ay-erteledi-yesil-gruplar-ofkeli/
Toplam 44 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Çevre Sosyolojisi, Kültür Sosyolojisi
Bölüm Araştırma Makaleleri
Yazarlar

Cihan Ertan 0000-0001-7097-2655

Proje Numarası 123K047
Yayımlanma Tarihi 27 Haziran 2025
Gönderilme Tarihi 6 Mart 2025
Kabul Tarihi 21 Mayıs 2025
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2025 Cilt: 15 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Ertan, C. (2025). Can Climate Change Adaptation Practices Be Read As Everyday Resistance?: The Acts of the Civil Initiatives in Türkiye. Akdeniz İnsani Bilimler Dergisi, 15(1), 209-223. https://doi.org/10.13114/mjh.1653007
 Kapak Resmi İndir
Adres:
Akdeniz İnsani Bilimler Dergisi
Akdeniz Üniversitesi, Edebiyat Fakültesi
07058 Kampüs, Antalya / TÜRKİYE		E-Posta:
mjh@akdeniz.edu.tr