Turkish Adaptation of Mothers’ Cultural Beliefs About Weaning Scale: A Validity and Reliability Study
Öz
Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the validity and reliability of the ‘Cultural Beliefs about Weaning Scale’ among breastfeeding women in the Turkish population.
Method: The data of the methodologically designed study were collected by snowball sampling using online method between November 2020 and August 2022. A total of 336 breastfeeding women with children aged 6 months-2 years participated in the study. Descriptive Characteristics Questionnaire and Cultural Beliefs about Weaning Scale were used to collect data. The scale consists of 49 items and 5 subscales. In the validity and reliability analyses of the scale, language, content and construct validity, explanatory and confirmatory factor analyses, internal consistency level and item-total score correlation were evaluated.
Results: According to confirmatory factor analysis, 19 items in the original scale were removed from the scale due to low factor loadings and the remaining 30 items were found to be related to the 5-dimensional scale structure. In the factor analysis, the factor loadings of the scale items ranged between .36 and .86. The total Cronbach's Alpha Coefficient was found to be .89.
Conclusion: It was determined that the Turkish form of the Mothers' Cultural Beliefs about Weaning Scale can be used as a measurement tool with acceptable validity and reliability results.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Etik Beyan
Written approval was obtained from Ege University Medical Research Ethics Committee (letter dated 20.05.2021 and numbered E.9681) and Zahra Jannat-Alipoor for the Turkish validity and reliability study. Informed consent was also obtained from the participants. The study was carried out in compliance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki.
Destekleyen Kurum
The author(s) received no financial support for the research.
Teşekkür
The authors would like to thanks to the participating mothers for their support in this research and Zahra Jannat-Alipoor et al. for giving permission to use the scale.
Kaynakça
- 1. Halpern SD, Ubel PA, Caplan AL. Solid-organ transplantation in HIV-infected patients. N Engl J Med 2002;347(1):284-7.
- 2. Rose ME, et al. Regulation of interstitial excitatory amino acid concentrations after cortical contusion injury. Brain Res 2002;935(1-2):40-6.
- 3. Grenier J. History of Breastfeeding. Available from: http://global-breastfeeding.org/pdf/BFhistory.pdf Access date: 12.02.2014.
- 4. World Health Organization. Infant and young child feeding. (2021). Available from: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/infant-and-young-child-feeding Access date: 09.01.2022.
- 5. Kademoglu OS. Baby development: When and how should I wean my baby? Available from: http://www.istanbulparentingclass.com/makaleler/bebegimine-zaman-ve-nasil-sutten-kesmeliyim.html Access date: 20.07.2020.
- 6. Jannat-Alipoor Z, et al. Questionnaire on Mothers’ Cultural Beliefs About Weaning: Development and Psychometric Evaluation. Int J Womens Health Reprod Sci 2020;8(1):61-7.
- 7. Fouts HN. Social and emotional contexts of weaning among Bofi farmers and foragers. Ethnology 2004; 43:65-81. https://doi.org/10.2307/3773856
- 8. Dinç A, Dombaz İ, Dinç D. Traditional Practices Related To Breast Milk And Breastfeeding Of Mothers With Babies Of 6-18 Months. BAUN Health Sci J 2015;4:125-30.
- 9. Alsaç SY, Polat S. Knowledge and Attitudes Related to the Finalization of Mothers Breastfeeding. Florence Nightingale Journal of Nursing 2017, 26(1), 11-20.
- 10. Sloan S, et al. Early weaning is related to weight and rate of weight gain in infancy. Child Care Health Dev 2008;34:59-64. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2214.2007.00771.x
- 11. Zare P, et al. Pattern of complete weaning and its related factors in Fars Province. J Jahrom Univ Med Sci 2013;11:27-33.
- 12. Alpar R. Applied Statistics with Examples from Sports, Health and Education Sciences and Validity-Reliability-SPSS with Analysis Steps. 5th ed. Ankara: Detay Publishing; 2018.
- 13. Karakoç FY, Dönmez L. Basic principles in scale development studies. Med Educ World 2014;13:39-49.
- 14. Esin MN. Data collection methods and tools & reliability and validity of data collection tools. In: Research Process in Nursing, Application and Critical. İstanbul, Türkiye: Nobel Medicine Book Houses; 2014. p. 193-233.
- 15. Çapık C, Gözüm S, Aksayan S. Intercultural scale adaptation stages, language and culture adaptation: updated guideline. Florence Nightingale J Nurs 2018;26:199-210.
- 16. Abu Shosha GM. Weaning practices of Jordan1ian mothers: A qualitative study. Health Soc Care Community 2022;30:612-21.
- 17. Dykes F. Protection, promotion and support of breastfeeding is now a major public health priority. Matern Child Nutr 2005;1:225-6.
- 18. National Institute for Children’s Health Quality (NICHQ). Cultural sensitivity for better breastfeeding outcomes. 2022. Available from: https://www.nichq.org/insight/cultural-sensitivity-better-breastfeeding-outcomes.
- 19. Erkuş A. Measurement and scale development in psychology-I: Basic concepts and operations. 2nd ed. Ankara: Pegem Publications; 2014.
- 20. Yeşilyurt S, Çapraz C. A road map for the content validity used in scale development studies. Erzincan Univ J Educ Faculty 2018;20:251-64.
- 21. Polit FD, Beck CT. Nursing research principles and method. 6th ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2012.
- 22. Heale R, Twycross A. Validity and reliability in quantitative studies. Evid Based Nurs 2015;18:66-7.
- 23. Mızrak B. Adaptation of breastfeeding motivation scale into Turkish and determination of factors affecting breastfeeding motivation. PhD, Eskişehir Osmangazi University, Eskişehir, Türkiye; 2017.
- 24. Karakaya N, Kılıç M. Turkish Adaptation Of The Workplace Breastfeeding Support Scale: A Validity And Reliability Study. J Samsun Health Sci 2021;6(3):721-36. https://doi.org/10.47115/jshs.1029188
- 25. Boz N. Turkish psychometric properties of the maternal breastfeeding assessment scale. MSc, Ege University, İzmir, Türkiye; 2019.
- 26. Uyanık G, Turfan EÇ, Ekşioğlu A. Reliability and validity study of the breastfeeding experience scale among Turkish mothers. Breastfeed Rev 2022;30:7-16.
- 27. Tokat MA, Okumuş H. Translation and psychometric assessment of the Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale-Short Form among pregnant and postnatal women in Türkiye. Midwifery 2010;26:101-8.
- 28. Dolgun G, et al. Reliability and validity of the Bristol Breastfeeding Assessment Tool in the Turkish population. Midwifery 2018;57:47-53.
- 29. Akçay İ, Demirgöz MB. Adaptation of the primiparous breastfeeding motivation scale into Turkish: validity-reliability study. Ankara Med J 2020;20:79-89.
- 30. Aydın A, Pasinlioğlu T. Reliability and Validity of a Turkish version of the prenatal breastfeeding self-efficacy scale. Midwifery 2018;64:11-6.
- 31. Güngör D. Guidelines for the development and adaptation of measurement tools in psychology. Turk Psychol Artic 2016;19:104-12.
- 32. Samuels P. Advice on exploratory factor analysis. Birmingham City University; 2016. doi: 10.13140/RG.2.1.5013.9766
- 33. Alavi M, Visentin DC, Thapa DK, Hunt GE, Watson R, Cleary M. Exploratory factor analysis and principal component analysis in clinical studies: Which one should you use. J Adv Nurs 2020;76:1886-9. https://doi.org/10.1111/jan.14377
- 34. Mishra P, Singh U, Pandey CM, Mishra P, Pandey G. Application of student’s t-test, analysis of variance, and covariance. Ann Card Anaesth 2019; 22:407-11. doi: 10.4103/aca.ACA_94_19
- 35. Costello AB, Osborne JW. Best practices in exploratory factor analysis: Four recommendations for getting the most from your analysis. Pract Assess Res Eval 2005;10:173-81.
Annelerin Sütten Kesmeye ilişkin Kültürel İnançları Ölçeği̇'nin Türkçe Uyarlaması: Geçerli̇k ve Güveni̇rli̇k Çalışması
Öz
Amaç: Bu çalışmada “Sütten Kesmeye İlişkin Kültürel İnançlar Ölçeği” nin Türk toplumunda emziren kadınlar arasında geçerlik ve güvenirliğinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır.
Yöntem: Metodolojik tasarmdaki çalışmanın verileri Kasım 2020-Ağustos 2022 tarihleri arasında çevrim içi yöntem kullanılarak kartopu örnekleme yoluyla toplanmıştır. Çalışmaya 6 ay-2 yaş arası çocuğu olan toplam 336 emziren kadın katılmıştır. Veri toplamak için Tanımlayıcı Özellikler Anketi ve Sütten Kesmeye İlişkin Kültürel İnançlar Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Ölçek 49 madde ve 5 alt ölçekten oluşmaktadır. Ölçeğin geçerlilik ve güvenilirlik analizlerinde dil, kapsam ve yapı geçerliliği, açıklayıcı ve doğrulayıcı faktör analizleri, iç tutarlılık düzeyi ve madde-toplam puan korelasyonu değerlendirilmiştir.
Bulgular: Doğrulayıcı faktör analizine göre, orijinal ölçekteki 19 madde düşük faktör yükleri nedeniyle ölçekten çıkarılmış ve kalan 30 maddenin 5 boyutlu ölçek yapısı ile ilişkili olduğu görülmüştür. Faktör analizinde ölçek maddelerinin faktör yükleri .36 ile .86 arasında değişmektedir. Toplam Cronbach alfa katsayısı .89 olarak bulunmuştur.
Sonuç ve Öneriler: Annelerin Sütten Kesmeye İlişkin Kültürel İnançları Ölçeği'nin Türkçe formunun kabul edilebilir geçerlik ve güvenirlik sonuçları ile bir ölçme aracı olarak kullanılabileceği belirlenmiştir.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kaynakça
- 1. Halpern SD, Ubel PA, Caplan AL. Solid-organ transplantation in HIV-infected patients. N Engl J Med 2002;347(1):284-7.
- 2. Rose ME, et al. Regulation of interstitial excitatory amino acid concentrations after cortical contusion injury. Brain Res 2002;935(1-2):40-6.
- 3. Grenier J. History of Breastfeeding. Available from: http://global-breastfeeding.org/pdf/BFhistory.pdf Access date: 12.02.2014.
- 4. World Health Organization. Infant and young child feeding. (2021). Available from: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/infant-and-young-child-feeding Access date: 09.01.2022.
- 5. Kademoglu OS. Baby development: When and how should I wean my baby? Available from: http://www.istanbulparentingclass.com/makaleler/bebegimine-zaman-ve-nasil-sutten-kesmeliyim.html Access date: 20.07.2020.
- 6. Jannat-Alipoor Z, et al. Questionnaire on Mothers’ Cultural Beliefs About Weaning: Development and Psychometric Evaluation. Int J Womens Health Reprod Sci 2020;8(1):61-7.
- 7. Fouts HN. Social and emotional contexts of weaning among Bofi farmers and foragers. Ethnology 2004; 43:65-81. https://doi.org/10.2307/3773856
- 8. Dinç A, Dombaz İ, Dinç D. Traditional Practices Related To Breast Milk And Breastfeeding Of Mothers With Babies Of 6-18 Months. BAUN Health Sci J 2015;4:125-30.
- 9. Alsaç SY, Polat S. Knowledge and Attitudes Related to the Finalization of Mothers Breastfeeding. Florence Nightingale Journal of Nursing 2017, 26(1), 11-20.
- 10. Sloan S, et al. Early weaning is related to weight and rate of weight gain in infancy. Child Care Health Dev 2008;34:59-64. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2214.2007.00771.x
- 11. Zare P, et al. Pattern of complete weaning and its related factors in Fars Province. J Jahrom Univ Med Sci 2013;11:27-33.
- 12. Alpar R. Applied Statistics with Examples from Sports, Health and Education Sciences and Validity-Reliability-SPSS with Analysis Steps. 5th ed. Ankara: Detay Publishing; 2018.
- 13. Karakoç FY, Dönmez L. Basic principles in scale development studies. Med Educ World 2014;13:39-49.
- 14. Esin MN. Data collection methods and tools & reliability and validity of data collection tools. In: Research Process in Nursing, Application and Critical. İstanbul, Türkiye: Nobel Medicine Book Houses; 2014. p. 193-233.
- 15. Çapık C, Gözüm S, Aksayan S. Intercultural scale adaptation stages, language and culture adaptation: updated guideline. Florence Nightingale J Nurs 2018;26:199-210.
- 16. Abu Shosha GM. Weaning practices of Jordan1ian mothers: A qualitative study. Health Soc Care Community 2022;30:612-21.
- 17. Dykes F. Protection, promotion and support of breastfeeding is now a major public health priority. Matern Child Nutr 2005;1:225-6.
- 18. National Institute for Children’s Health Quality (NICHQ). Cultural sensitivity for better breastfeeding outcomes. 2022. Available from: https://www.nichq.org/insight/cultural-sensitivity-better-breastfeeding-outcomes.
- 19. Erkuş A. Measurement and scale development in psychology-I: Basic concepts and operations. 2nd ed. Ankara: Pegem Publications; 2014.
- 20. Yeşilyurt S, Çapraz C. A road map for the content validity used in scale development studies. Erzincan Univ J Educ Faculty 2018;20:251-64.
- 21. Polit FD, Beck CT. Nursing research principles and method. 6th ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2012.
- 22. Heale R, Twycross A. Validity and reliability in quantitative studies. Evid Based Nurs 2015;18:66-7.
- 23. Mızrak B. Adaptation of breastfeeding motivation scale into Turkish and determination of factors affecting breastfeeding motivation. PhD, Eskişehir Osmangazi University, Eskişehir, Türkiye; 2017.
- 24. Karakaya N, Kılıç M. Turkish Adaptation Of The Workplace Breastfeeding Support Scale: A Validity And Reliability Study. J Samsun Health Sci 2021;6(3):721-36. https://doi.org/10.47115/jshs.1029188
- 25. Boz N. Turkish psychometric properties of the maternal breastfeeding assessment scale. MSc, Ege University, İzmir, Türkiye; 2019.
- 26. Uyanık G, Turfan EÇ, Ekşioğlu A. Reliability and validity study of the breastfeeding experience scale among Turkish mothers. Breastfeed Rev 2022;30:7-16.
- 27. Tokat MA, Okumuş H. Translation and psychometric assessment of the Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale-Short Form among pregnant and postnatal women in Türkiye. Midwifery 2010;26:101-8.
- 28. Dolgun G, et al. Reliability and validity of the Bristol Breastfeeding Assessment Tool in the Turkish population. Midwifery 2018;57:47-53.
- 29. Akçay İ, Demirgöz MB. Adaptation of the primiparous breastfeeding motivation scale into Turkish: validity-reliability study. Ankara Med J 2020;20:79-89.
- 30. Aydın A, Pasinlioğlu T. Reliability and Validity of a Turkish version of the prenatal breastfeeding self-efficacy scale. Midwifery 2018;64:11-6.
- 31. Güngör D. Guidelines for the development and adaptation of measurement tools in psychology. Turk Psychol Artic 2016;19:104-12.
- 32. Samuels P. Advice on exploratory factor analysis. Birmingham City University; 2016. doi: 10.13140/RG.2.1.5013.9766
- 33. Alavi M, Visentin DC, Thapa DK, Hunt GE, Watson R, Cleary M. Exploratory factor analysis and principal component analysis in clinical studies: Which one should you use. J Adv Nurs 2020;76:1886-9. https://doi.org/10.1111/jan.14377
- 34. Mishra P, Singh U, Pandey CM, Mishra P, Pandey G. Application of student’s t-test, analysis of variance, and covariance. Ann Card Anaesth 2019; 22:407-11. doi: 10.4103/aca.ACA_94_19
- 35. Costello AB, Osborne JW. Best practices in exploratory factor analysis: Four recommendations for getting the most from your analysis. Pract Assess Res Eval 2005;10:173-81.
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | İngilizce |
|---|---|
| Konular | Ebelik (Diğer) |
| Bölüm | Araştırma Makalesi |
| Yazarlar | |
| Erken Görünüm Tarihi | 28 Mayıs 2025 |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 30 Mayıs 2025 |
| Gönderilme Tarihi | 15 Ocak 2025 |
| Kabul Tarihi | 12 Nisan 2025 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2025 Cilt: 15 Sayı: 2 |
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