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Yıl 2021, Cilt: 38 Sayı: 4, 571 - 576, 09.10.2021

Chandrakant R Kesarı , Raghunatha Reddy Hs Purushothaman R Preetham Raj Ganesh Bv

Öz

Kaynakça

  • Ekka, N.M.P., Kujur, A.D.S., Mishra, G., 2018. Necrotizing fasciitis: a tertiary centre based study. Int. Surg. J. 6, 233–238. https://doi.org/10.18203/2349-2902.isj20185479
  • Espandar, R., Sibdari, S.Y., Rafiee, E., Yazdanian, S., 2011. Necrotizing fasciitis of the extremities: a prospective study. Strateg. Trauma Limb Reconstr. 6, 121–125. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11751-011-0116-1
  • Falkel, J.E., 1983. Amputation as a consequence of diabetes mellitus. An epidemiological review. Phys. Ther. 63, 960–964. https://doi.org/10.1093/ptj/63.6.960
  • Wallace, H.A., Perera, T.B., 2021. Necrotizing Fasciitis. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK430756/
  • Hakkarainen, T.W., Kopari, N.M., Pham, T.N., Evans, H.L., 2014. Necrotizing soft tissue infections: review and current concepts in treatment, systems of care, and outcomes. Curr. Probl. Surg. 51, 344–362. https://doi.org/10.1067/j.cpsurg.2014.06.001
  • Hua, J., Friedlander, P., 2021. Cervical Necrotizing Fasciitis, Diagnosis and Treatment of a Rare Life-Threatening Infection. Ear. Nose. Throat J. 145561321991341. https://doi.org/10.1177/0145561321991341
  • Kaafarani, H.M.A., King, D.R., 2014. Necrotizing skin and soft tissue infections. Surg. Clin. North Am. 94, 155–163. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.suc.2013.10.011
  • Khamnuan, P., Chongruksut, W., Jearwattanakanok, K., Patumanond, J., Tantraworasin, A., 2015. Necrotizing fasciitis: epidemiology and clinical predictors for amputation. Int. J. Gen. Med. 8, 195–202. https://doi.org/10.2147/IJGM.S82999
  • Kwan, M.K., Saw, A., Chee, E.K., Lee, C.S., Lim, C.H., Zulkifle, N.A., et.al., 2006. Necrotizing fasciitis of the lower limb: an outcome study of surgical treatment. Med. J. Malaysia 61 Suppl A, 17–20.
  • Majeski, J., Majeski, E., 1997. Necrotizing fasciitis: improved survival with early recognition by tissue biopsy and aggressive surgical treatment. South. Med. J. 90, 1065–1068. https://doi.org/10.1097/00007611-199711000-00001
  • Misiakos, E.P., Bagias, G., Papadopoulos, I., Danias, N., Patapis, P., Machairas, N., et.al., 2017. Early Diagnosis and Surgical Treatment for Necrotizing Fasciitis: A Multicenter Study. Front. Surg. 4. https://doi.org/10.3389/fsurg.2017.00005
  • Muqim, R., 2003. Necrotizing fasciitis: management and outcome. J. Coll. Physicians Surg.--Pak. JCPSP 13, 711–714. https://doi.org/12.2003/JCPSP.711714
  • Myers, C.M., Miller, J.J., Davis, W.D., 2019. Skin and Soft Tissue Infections: A Case of Necrotizing Fasciitis. Adv. Emerg. Nurs. J. 41, 322–329. https://doi.org/10.1097/TME.0000000000000268
  • Ramakrishnan, K., Salinas, R.C., Agudelo Higuita, N.I., 2015. Skin and Soft Tissue Infections. Am. Fam. Physician 92, 474–483.
  • Rampal, S., Maniam, S., Lim, P.Y., Ramachandran, R., Tan, E.K., Halim, M.A.H.A., Shamsudin, Z., Singh, S.S.S., Narayanan, P., Neela, V.K., 2021. Necrotizing fasciitis, causative agents and management: a five-year retrospective study in two tertiary care hospitals in Central Malaysia. Int. Orthop. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00264-020-04905-2
  • Schmid, M.R., Kossmann, T., Duewell, S., 1998. Differentiation of necrotizing fasciitis and cellulitis using MR imaging. AJR Am. J. Roentgenol. 170, 615–620. https://doi.org/10.2214/ajr.170.3.9490940
  • Shaikh, N., 2006. Necrotizing fasciitis: A decade of surgical intensive care experience. Indian J. Crit. Care Med. 10, 225–229. https://doi.org/10.4103/0972-5229.29840
  • Singh, G., Bharpoda, P., Reddy, R., 2015. Necrotizing Fasciitis: A Study of 48 Cases. Indian J. Surg. 77, 345–350. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12262-013-0835-2
  • Voros, D., Pissiotis, C., Georgantas, D., Katsaragakis, S., Antoniou, S., Papadimitriou, J., 1993. Role of early and extensive surgery in the treatment of severe necrotizing soft tissue infection. Br. J. Surg. 80, 1190–1191. https://doi.org/10.1002/bjs.1800800943
  • Wong, C.H., Khin, L.W., Heng, K.S., Tan, K.C., Low, C.O., 2004. The LRINEC (Laboratory Risk Indicator for Necrotizing Fasciitis) score: a tool for distinguishing necrotizing fasciitis from other soft tissue infections. Crit. Care Med. 32, 1535–1541. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.ccm.0000129486.35458.7d
  • Wysoki, M.G., Santora, T.A., Shah, R.M., Friedman, A.C., 1997. Necrotizing fasciitis: CT characteristics. Radiology 203, 859–863. https://doi.org/10.1148/radiology.203.3.9169717

Laboratory Risk Indicator for Necrotising Fasciitis [LRINEC] Score as a Tool for Differentiating Necrotising Fasciitis from other Soft Tissue Infections

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 38 Sayı: 4, 571 - 576, 09.10.2021

Chandrakant R Kesarı , Raghunatha Reddy Hs Purushothaman R Preetham Raj Ganesh Bv

Öz

Background: Necrotizing fasciitis (NF) is often fatal, characterized by extensive necrosis of the subcutaneous tissues and fascia. The present study was aimed to validate the Laboratory Risk Indicator for Necrotising Fasciitis (LRINEC) score as a tool to predict/diagnose NF and to differentiate it from other soft tissue infections depending on the score.
Methods: A Prospective Observational study was conducted in ESICMC PGI MSR, Medical College Hospital, Rajajinagar, Bengaluru, from Jan 2019 to June 2020. Patients ≥18 years of age with severe soft tissue infections were included in the study. Based on the LRINEC score, the patients were categorised as low (≤5), moderate (6-7) and high risk (≥8) for the prediction of onset or diagnosis of NF. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 21.0.
Results: A total of 55 patients were included in the study. A significant association was observed with age (p=0.042), LRINEC score (p=0.0001), C Reactive Protein (CRP; p=0.0001), haemoglobin (p=0.008), serum sodium levels (p=0.004), serum creatinine (0.001), and amputation (p=0.004). Amputation was done in 5 cases. Only 1 mortality was observed in LRINEC high risk group with NSSTI.
Conclusion: To conclude, LRINEC scoring system showed a better positive predictive value in identifying the onset of NF and risk strategizing of the patients with severe soft tissue infections.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Necrotizing fasciitis LRINEC score debridement soft tissue infections.

Kaynakça

  • Ekka, N.M.P., Kujur, A.D.S., Mishra, G., 2018. Necrotizing fasciitis: a tertiary centre based study. Int. Surg. J. 6, 233–238. https://doi.org/10.18203/2349-2902.isj20185479
  • Espandar, R., Sibdari, S.Y., Rafiee, E., Yazdanian, S., 2011. Necrotizing fasciitis of the extremities: a prospective study. Strateg. Trauma Limb Reconstr. 6, 121–125. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11751-011-0116-1
  • Falkel, J.E., 1983. Amputation as a consequence of diabetes mellitus. An epidemiological review. Phys. Ther. 63, 960–964. https://doi.org/10.1093/ptj/63.6.960
  • Wallace, H.A., Perera, T.B., 2021. Necrotizing Fasciitis. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK430756/
  • Hakkarainen, T.W., Kopari, N.M., Pham, T.N., Evans, H.L., 2014. Necrotizing soft tissue infections: review and current concepts in treatment, systems of care, and outcomes. Curr. Probl. Surg. 51, 344–362. https://doi.org/10.1067/j.cpsurg.2014.06.001
  • Hua, J., Friedlander, P., 2021. Cervical Necrotizing Fasciitis, Diagnosis and Treatment of a Rare Life-Threatening Infection. Ear. Nose. Throat J. 145561321991341. https://doi.org/10.1177/0145561321991341
  • Kaafarani, H.M.A., King, D.R., 2014. Necrotizing skin and soft tissue infections. Surg. Clin. North Am. 94, 155–163. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.suc.2013.10.011
  • Khamnuan, P., Chongruksut, W., Jearwattanakanok, K., Patumanond, J., Tantraworasin, A., 2015. Necrotizing fasciitis: epidemiology and clinical predictors for amputation. Int. J. Gen. Med. 8, 195–202. https://doi.org/10.2147/IJGM.S82999
  • Kwan, M.K., Saw, A., Chee, E.K., Lee, C.S., Lim, C.H., Zulkifle, N.A., et.al., 2006. Necrotizing fasciitis of the lower limb: an outcome study of surgical treatment. Med. J. Malaysia 61 Suppl A, 17–20.
  • Majeski, J., Majeski, E., 1997. Necrotizing fasciitis: improved survival with early recognition by tissue biopsy and aggressive surgical treatment. South. Med. J. 90, 1065–1068. https://doi.org/10.1097/00007611-199711000-00001
  • Misiakos, E.P., Bagias, G., Papadopoulos, I., Danias, N., Patapis, P., Machairas, N., et.al., 2017. Early Diagnosis and Surgical Treatment for Necrotizing Fasciitis: A Multicenter Study. Front. Surg. 4. https://doi.org/10.3389/fsurg.2017.00005
  • Muqim, R., 2003. Necrotizing fasciitis: management and outcome. J. Coll. Physicians Surg.--Pak. JCPSP 13, 711–714. https://doi.org/12.2003/JCPSP.711714
  • Myers, C.M., Miller, J.J., Davis, W.D., 2019. Skin and Soft Tissue Infections: A Case of Necrotizing Fasciitis. Adv. Emerg. Nurs. J. 41, 322–329. https://doi.org/10.1097/TME.0000000000000268
  • Ramakrishnan, K., Salinas, R.C., Agudelo Higuita, N.I., 2015. Skin and Soft Tissue Infections. Am. Fam. Physician 92, 474–483.
  • Rampal, S., Maniam, S., Lim, P.Y., Ramachandran, R., Tan, E.K., Halim, M.A.H.A., Shamsudin, Z., Singh, S.S.S., Narayanan, P., Neela, V.K., 2021. Necrotizing fasciitis, causative agents and management: a five-year retrospective study in two tertiary care hospitals in Central Malaysia. Int. Orthop. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00264-020-04905-2
  • Schmid, M.R., Kossmann, T., Duewell, S., 1998. Differentiation of necrotizing fasciitis and cellulitis using MR imaging. AJR Am. J. Roentgenol. 170, 615–620. https://doi.org/10.2214/ajr.170.3.9490940
  • Shaikh, N., 2006. Necrotizing fasciitis: A decade of surgical intensive care experience. Indian J. Crit. Care Med. 10, 225–229. https://doi.org/10.4103/0972-5229.29840
  • Singh, G., Bharpoda, P., Reddy, R., 2015. Necrotizing Fasciitis: A Study of 48 Cases. Indian J. Surg. 77, 345–350. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12262-013-0835-2
  • Voros, D., Pissiotis, C., Georgantas, D., Katsaragakis, S., Antoniou, S., Papadimitriou, J., 1993. Role of early and extensive surgery in the treatment of severe necrotizing soft tissue infection. Br. J. Surg. 80, 1190–1191. https://doi.org/10.1002/bjs.1800800943
  • Wong, C.H., Khin, L.W., Heng, K.S., Tan, K.C., Low, C.O., 2004. The LRINEC (Laboratory Risk Indicator for Necrotizing Fasciitis) score: a tool for distinguishing necrotizing fasciitis from other soft tissue infections. Crit. Care Med. 32, 1535–1541. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.ccm.0000129486.35458.7d
  • Wysoki, M.G., Santora, T.A., Shah, R.M., Friedman, A.C., 1997. Necrotizing fasciitis: CT characteristics. Radiology 203, 859–863. https://doi.org/10.1148/radiology.203.3.9169717
Toplam 21 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Sağlık Kurumları Yönetimi
Bölüm Clinical Research
Yazarlar

Chandrakant R Kesarı 0000-0002-5638-132X

Raghunatha Reddy Hs 0000-0001-5775-7862

Purushothaman R 0000-0003-4587-8303

Preetham Raj 0000-0003-1636-0716

Ganesh Bv 0000-0002-0438-799X

Yayımlanma Tarihi 9 Ekim 2021
Gönderilme Tarihi 16 Nisan 2021
Kabul Tarihi 23 Nisan 2021
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2021 Cilt: 38 Sayı: 4

Kaynak Göster

APA R Kesarı, C., Hs, R. R., R, P., Raj, P., vd. (2021). Laboratory Risk Indicator for Necrotising Fasciitis [LRINEC] Score as a Tool for Differentiating Necrotising Fasciitis from other Soft Tissue Infections. Deneysel Ve Klinik Tıp Dergisi, 38(4), 571-576.
AMA R Kesarı C, Hs RR, R P, Raj P, Bv G. Laboratory Risk Indicator for Necrotising Fasciitis [LRINEC] Score as a Tool for Differentiating Necrotising Fasciitis from other Soft Tissue Infections. J. Exp. Clin. Med. Ekim 2021;38(4):571-576.
Chicago R Kesarı, Chandrakant, Raghunatha Reddy Hs, Purushothaman R, Preetham Raj, ve Ganesh Bv. “Laboratory Risk Indicator for Necrotising Fasciitis [LRINEC] Score As a Tool for Differentiating Necrotising Fasciitis from Other Soft Tissue Infections”. Deneysel Ve Klinik Tıp Dergisi 38, sy. 4 (Ekim 2021): 571-76.
EndNote R Kesarı C, Hs RR, R P, Raj P, Bv G (01 Ekim 2021) Laboratory Risk Indicator for Necrotising Fasciitis [LRINEC] Score as a Tool for Differentiating Necrotising Fasciitis from other Soft Tissue Infections. Deneysel ve Klinik Tıp Dergisi 38 4 571–576.
IEEE C. R Kesarı, R. R. Hs, P. R, P. Raj, ve G. Bv, “Laboratory Risk Indicator for Necrotising Fasciitis [LRINEC] Score as a Tool for Differentiating Necrotising Fasciitis from other Soft Tissue Infections”, J. Exp. Clin. Med., c. 38, sy. 4, ss. 571–576, 2021.
ISNAD R Kesarı, Chandrakant vd. “Laboratory Risk Indicator for Necrotising Fasciitis [LRINEC] Score As a Tool for Differentiating Necrotising Fasciitis from Other Soft Tissue Infections”. Deneysel ve Klinik Tıp Dergisi 38/4 (Ekim 2021), 571-576.
JAMA R Kesarı C, Hs RR, R P, Raj P, Bv G. Laboratory Risk Indicator for Necrotising Fasciitis [LRINEC] Score as a Tool for Differentiating Necrotising Fasciitis from other Soft Tissue Infections. J. Exp. Clin. Med. 2021;38:571–576.
MLA R Kesarı, Chandrakant vd. “Laboratory Risk Indicator for Necrotising Fasciitis [LRINEC] Score As a Tool for Differentiating Necrotising Fasciitis from Other Soft Tissue Infections”. Deneysel Ve Klinik Tıp Dergisi, c. 38, sy. 4, 2021, ss. 571-6.
Vancouver R Kesarı C, Hs RR, R P, Raj P, Bv G. Laboratory Risk Indicator for Necrotising Fasciitis [LRINEC] Score as a Tool for Differentiating Necrotising Fasciitis from other Soft Tissue Infections. J. Exp. Clin. Med. 2021;38(4):571-6.
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