1. Kurathong S. Urban Medicine. Vajira Med J. 2559;59(1):1-4. http://dx.doi.org/10.14456/vmj.2016.22
2. Conte MS, Bradbury AW, Kolh P, White JV, Dick F, Fitridge R, et al.; GVG Writing Group. Global vascular guidelines on the management of chronic limb-threatening ischemia. J Vasc Surg. 2019 Jun;69(6S):3S-125S.e40. doi: 10.1016/j.jvs.2019.02.016.
3. Stella J, Engelbertz C, Gebauer K, Hassu J, Meyborg M, Freisinger E, et al. Outcome of patients with chronic limb-threatening ischemia with and without revascularization. Vasa. 2020 Mar;49(2):121-127. doi: 10.1024/0301-1526/a000831.
4. Wongwanit C. Chronic Ischemic Ulcer. In: Chinsakchai K, Editor. Clinical practice in vascular surgery. Bangkok: Bangkok Medical Publisher Ltd.Part; 2017. P126-135.
5. de Athayde Soares R, de Arruda Cáceres N, Barbosa AG, Matielo MF, Sacilotto R. The catastrophic impact of COVID-19 infection in patients with chronic limb-threatening ischemia. Surgery. 2022 May;171(5):1422-1426. doi: 10.1016/j.surg.2021.10.016.
6. Leungchavaphongse K, Panoi A. Open Revascularization in CLTI: How I do it? In: Pootracool P, Chinsakchai K, Kritayakirana K, Sermsathanasawadi, Tepsamrithporn G, Editor. How I do it: Vascular Surgery. Bangkok: Bangkok Medical Publisher Ltd.Part; 2020 . P515-528.
7. Namyotha L, Danaidutsadeekul S, Wongkongkam K. Factors Related to Quality of Life among Patients after Revascularization of Peripheral Artery Disease within 6 Months. Nurs Sci J ThaiL. 2021;39(2):64-76.
8. Aljarrah Q, Allouh M, Hallak A, Al-Omari M, Mesmar Z, Kamel A, et al. Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the management of chronic limb-threatening ischemia in Northern Jordan: Case series and literature review. Int J Surg Case Rep. 2021 Mar;80:105631. doi: 10.1016/j.ijscr.2021.02.017.
9. Willigendael EM, Teijink JA, Bartelink ML, Boiten J, Moll FL, Büller HR, et al. Peripheral arterial disease: public and patient awareness in The Netherlands. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg. 2004 Jun;27(6):622-8. doi: 10.1016/j.ejvs.2004.02.019.
10. Thangrod R, Kimpee S, Thosingha O, Ruangsetakit C. Factors predicting health status in patients after infrainguinal bypass. J Nurs Sci. 2010; 28(4Suppl): 46-54.
11. Goodney PP, Schanzer A, Demartino RR, Nolan BW, Hevelone ND, Conte MS, et al.; Vascular Study Group of New England. Validation of the Society for Vascular Surgery's objective performance goals for critical limb ischemia in everyday vascular surgery practice. J Vasc Surg. 2011 Jul;54(1):100-108.e4. doi: 10.1016/j.jvs.2010.11.107.
12. Sopittapan B, Kanogsunthornrat N, Siripitayakunkit A. Knowledge and self-care practice in patients with peripheral arterial occlusive disease. Thai Journal of Cardio-Thoracic Nursing 29.2 (2018): 43-54.
13. Fereydooni A, Gorecka J, Dardik A. Using the epidemiology of critical limb ischemia to estimate the number of patients amenable to endovascular therapy. Vasc Med. 2020 Feb;25(1):78-87. doi: 10.1177/1358863X19878271.
14. Smet N, Fourneau I, Roeleveld H, Boonman-de Winter L, Schraepen C, Favoreel M, et al. Age-Dependent
Outcome of First-Line Endovascular and Surgical Revascularization Strategies in Chronic Limb-Threatening Ischemia. Ann Vasc Surg. 2022 Sep;85:133-145. doi: 10.1016/j.avsg.2022.03.021.
15. Miranda JA, Chung J, Mills JL. Influence of the COVID-19 pandemic on the management of chronic limb-threatening ischemia. Semin Vasc Surg. 2021 Sep;34(3):89-95. doi: 10.1053/j.semvascsurg.2021.05.006.
Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes of Chronic Limb Threatening Ischemia Patients after Treated with Endovascular Treatment During COVID-19 Outbreak in Vajira Hospital
Objective: To study clinical characteristics and outcomes of chronic limb threatening ischemia patients after treated with endovascular treatment during COVID-19 Outbreak. Methods: This research is a retrospective descriptive study through electronic medical records. Samples are all patients that had been treated at Vajira Hospital during the COVID-19 outbreak in Thailand between January 2020 to December 2022. Results: Results shown that out of 180 patients with chronic limb threatening ischemia, 106 are male (58.9%) while 74 are females (41.1%). The average age of the patients is 77.01 years old. Sixty-seven patients (37.2%) have history of smoking. Seventy-four
patients (41.1%) were found with Wifi Classification state. One hundred and seventy-five patients (97.2%) have comorbidity including Hypertension 24.5%, Diabetes mellitus 23.1%, Dyslipidemia 19.2%. 38.7% of the patients receive Dual Antiplatelet 38.7%. It is found that low Serum Albumin (3.26 g/dL) and Wifi Classification are having significant correlation with occurrences of complications after surgeries (p<.05). Conclusions: Patients infected with COVID-19 who have chronic limb threatening ischemia have lower Serum Albumin than patients who do not have COVID-19 which becomes a variable that increases risks of complications after surgeries, losses of limbs, deaths and numbers of days admitted in hospital which leads to increased treatment
expenditures.
1. Kurathong S. Urban Medicine. Vajira Med J. 2559;59(1):1-4. http://dx.doi.org/10.14456/vmj.2016.22
2. Conte MS, Bradbury AW, Kolh P, White JV, Dick F, Fitridge R, et al.; GVG Writing Group. Global vascular guidelines on the management of chronic limb-threatening ischemia. J Vasc Surg. 2019 Jun;69(6S):3S-125S.e40. doi: 10.1016/j.jvs.2019.02.016.
3. Stella J, Engelbertz C, Gebauer K, Hassu J, Meyborg M, Freisinger E, et al. Outcome of patients with chronic limb-threatening ischemia with and without revascularization. Vasa. 2020 Mar;49(2):121-127. doi: 10.1024/0301-1526/a000831.
4. Wongwanit C. Chronic Ischemic Ulcer. In: Chinsakchai K, Editor. Clinical practice in vascular surgery. Bangkok: Bangkok Medical Publisher Ltd.Part; 2017. P126-135.
5. de Athayde Soares R, de Arruda Cáceres N, Barbosa AG, Matielo MF, Sacilotto R. The catastrophic impact of COVID-19 infection in patients with chronic limb-threatening ischemia. Surgery. 2022 May;171(5):1422-1426. doi: 10.1016/j.surg.2021.10.016.
6. Leungchavaphongse K, Panoi A. Open Revascularization in CLTI: How I do it? In: Pootracool P, Chinsakchai K, Kritayakirana K, Sermsathanasawadi, Tepsamrithporn G, Editor. How I do it: Vascular Surgery. Bangkok: Bangkok Medical Publisher Ltd.Part; 2020 . P515-528.
7. Namyotha L, Danaidutsadeekul S, Wongkongkam K. Factors Related to Quality of Life among Patients after Revascularization of Peripheral Artery Disease within 6 Months. Nurs Sci J ThaiL. 2021;39(2):64-76.
8. Aljarrah Q, Allouh M, Hallak A, Al-Omari M, Mesmar Z, Kamel A, et al. Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the management of chronic limb-threatening ischemia in Northern Jordan: Case series and literature review. Int J Surg Case Rep. 2021 Mar;80:105631. doi: 10.1016/j.ijscr.2021.02.017.
9. Willigendael EM, Teijink JA, Bartelink ML, Boiten J, Moll FL, Büller HR, et al. Peripheral arterial disease: public and patient awareness in The Netherlands. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg. 2004 Jun;27(6):622-8. doi: 10.1016/j.ejvs.2004.02.019.
10. Thangrod R, Kimpee S, Thosingha O, Ruangsetakit C. Factors predicting health status in patients after infrainguinal bypass. J Nurs Sci. 2010; 28(4Suppl): 46-54.
11. Goodney PP, Schanzer A, Demartino RR, Nolan BW, Hevelone ND, Conte MS, et al.; Vascular Study Group of New England. Validation of the Society for Vascular Surgery's objective performance goals for critical limb ischemia in everyday vascular surgery practice. J Vasc Surg. 2011 Jul;54(1):100-108.e4. doi: 10.1016/j.jvs.2010.11.107.
12. Sopittapan B, Kanogsunthornrat N, Siripitayakunkit A. Knowledge and self-care practice in patients with peripheral arterial occlusive disease. Thai Journal of Cardio-Thoracic Nursing 29.2 (2018): 43-54.
13. Fereydooni A, Gorecka J, Dardik A. Using the epidemiology of critical limb ischemia to estimate the number of patients amenable to endovascular therapy. Vasc Med. 2020 Feb;25(1):78-87. doi: 10.1177/1358863X19878271.
14. Smet N, Fourneau I, Roeleveld H, Boonman-de Winter L, Schraepen C, Favoreel M, et al. Age-Dependent
Outcome of First-Line Endovascular and Surgical Revascularization Strategies in Chronic Limb-Threatening Ischemia. Ann Vasc Surg. 2022 Sep;85:133-145. doi: 10.1016/j.avsg.2022.03.021.
15. Miranda JA, Chung J, Mills JL. Influence of the COVID-19 pandemic on the management of chronic limb-threatening ischemia. Semin Vasc Surg. 2021 Sep;34(3):89-95. doi: 10.1053/j.semvascsurg.2021.05.006.
Sarawit, C., & Panvilai, K. (2025). Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes of Chronic Limb Threatening Ischemia Patients after Treated with Endovascular Treatment During COVID-19 Outbreak in Vajira Hospital. Deneysel Ve Klinik Tıp Dergisi, 42(1), 5-9.
AMA
Sarawit C, Panvilai K. Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes of Chronic Limb Threatening Ischemia Patients after Treated with Endovascular Treatment During COVID-19 Outbreak in Vajira Hospital. J. Exp. Clin. Med. Mart 2025;42(1):5-9.
Chicago
Sarawit, Chananuch, ve Kittiyaphorn Panvilai. “Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes of Chronic Limb Threatening Ischemia Patients After Treated With Endovascular Treatment During COVID-19 Outbreak in Vajira Hospital”. Deneysel Ve Klinik Tıp Dergisi 42, sy. 1 (Mart 2025): 5-9.
EndNote
Sarawit C, Panvilai K (01 Mart 2025) Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes of Chronic Limb Threatening Ischemia Patients after Treated with Endovascular Treatment During COVID-19 Outbreak in Vajira Hospital. Deneysel ve Klinik Tıp Dergisi 42 1 5–9.
IEEE
C. Sarawit ve K. Panvilai, “Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes of Chronic Limb Threatening Ischemia Patients after Treated with Endovascular Treatment During COVID-19 Outbreak in Vajira Hospital”, J. Exp. Clin. Med., c. 42, sy. 1, ss. 5–9, 2025.
ISNAD
Sarawit, Chananuch - Panvilai, Kittiyaphorn. “Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes of Chronic Limb Threatening Ischemia Patients After Treated With Endovascular Treatment During COVID-19 Outbreak in Vajira Hospital”. Deneysel ve Klinik Tıp Dergisi 42/1 (Mart 2025), 5-9.
JAMA
Sarawit C, Panvilai K. Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes of Chronic Limb Threatening Ischemia Patients after Treated with Endovascular Treatment During COVID-19 Outbreak in Vajira Hospital. J. Exp. Clin. Med. 2025;42:5–9.
MLA
Sarawit, Chananuch ve Kittiyaphorn Panvilai. “Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes of Chronic Limb Threatening Ischemia Patients After Treated With Endovascular Treatment During COVID-19 Outbreak in Vajira Hospital”. Deneysel Ve Klinik Tıp Dergisi, c. 42, sy. 1, 2025, ss. 5-9.
Vancouver
Sarawit C, Panvilai K. Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes of Chronic Limb Threatening Ischemia Patients after Treated with Endovascular Treatment During COVID-19 Outbreak in Vajira Hospital. J. Exp. Clin. Med. 2025;42(1):5-9.