Obsesif Kompulsif Bozukluk ve Yeme Bozukluğu Tanısı ile İzlenen Ergenlerde Ortoreksiya Nervoza Belirtilerinin Karşılaştırılması

Hacer Gizem Gerçek; Aziz Kara

doi:10.20515/otd.1599009

Araştırma Makalesi

Obsesif Kompulsif Bozukluk ve Yeme Bozukluğu Tanısı ile İzlenen Ergenlerde Ortoreksiya Nervoza Belirtilerinin Karşılaştırılması

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 47 Sayı: 3, 447 - 456, 02.05.2025

Hacer Gizem Gerçek , Aziz Kara

https://doi.org/10.20515/otd.1599009

Öz

Ortoreksiya Nervoza (ON) sağlıklı beslenme ve sağlıklı yaşam tarzına aşırı düşkünlük veya takıntılı bir biçimde sağlıklı yiyecekler seçme durumunu tanımlamaktadır. ON ile obsesif kompulsif bozukluk (OKB) ve yeme bozukluğu (YB) arasında örtüşmeler olduğu bildirilse de ON belirtilerinin hangi hastalık spektrumuyla daha fazla örtüşme sağladığı net değildir. Biz bu çalışmamızda; OKB ve YB tanısı olan ergenlerde ON belirtilerini incelemeyi ve iki grup arasında karşılaştırmayı amaçladık. Çalışmamız OKB veya YB tanılı 12-18 yaş aralığındaki 38 adölesan üzerinde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Hastaların yeme tutumunu değerlendirmek için “Yeme Tutum Testi (YTT-40)”, ortoreksiya belirtilerini ölçmek için “Orto-11 Ölçeği” ve anksiyete/depresyon ve obsesif kompulsif bozukluk belirtilerini ölçmek için “Çocuklarda Anksiyete ve Depresyon Ölçeği-Yenilenmiş (ÇADÖ-Y) çocuk formu” doldurtuldu. Adolesanların ebeveynlerine ise “Sosyodemografik Veri Formu”, “ÇADÖ-Y ebeveyn formu” doldurtuldu. YB’li ergenlerde OKB’li ergenlere göre anlamlı şekilde ORTO-11 skoru düşük, YTT-40 skoru yüksek saptandı. YTT-40 ölçeği ile ORTO-11 ölçeği arasında negatif orta derecede bir korelasyon saptandı ve istatistiksel olarak anlamlıydı (r=-0.613, p<0.001). Lojistik regresyon analizinde ortoreksiya eğilimi için en önemli prediktörün YTT-40 skoru olduğu saptandı (p=0.010). YTT-40 ve ORTO-11 ölçeklerinin lineer regresyon analizinde; YTT-40 puanının, ORTO-11 skorunun anlamlı bir yordayıcısı olduğu saptandı. Çalışmamızda ON belirtileri adölesanlar üzerinde araştırılmış ve iki farklı hastalık grubunda ortoretik eğilimler karşılaştırılmıştır. Sonuçlarımıza göre ON’nin yeme bozukluklarının içerisinde sınıflandırılması için daha fazla ve güçlü kanıt olduğunu düşünmekteyiz.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Ortoreksiya Nervoza, Adölesan, Beslenme ve Yeme Bozuklukları, Obsesif Kompulsif Bozukluk, Anoreksiya Nervoza

Kaynakça

1. Bratman S, Knight D. Health food junkies: orthorexia nervosa: overcoming the obsession with healthful eating: Harmony; 2004.
2. Oberle CD, Samaghabadi RO, Hughes EM. Orthorexia nervosa: Assessment and correlates with gender, BMI, and personality. Appetite. 2017;108:303-10.
3. Varga M, Dukay-Szabó S, Túry F, van Furth Eric F. Evidence and gaps in the literature on orthorexia nervosa. Eating and Weight Disorders-Studies on Anorexia, Bulimia and Obesity. 2013;18:103-11.
4. Koven NS, Abry AW. The clinical basis of orthorexia nervosa: emerging perspectives. Neuropsychiatric disease and treatment. 2015:385-94.
5. Donini LM, Barrada JR, Barthels F, Dunn TM, Babeau C, Brytek-Matera A, et al. A consensus document on definition and diagnostic criteria for orthorexia nervosa. Eating and Weight Disorders-Studies on Anorexia, Bulimia and Obesity. 2022;27(8):3695-711.
6. Brytek-Matera A, Onieva-Zafra MD, Parra-Fernández ML, Staniszewska A, Modrzejewska J, Fernández-Martínez E. Evaluation of orthorexia nervosa and symptomatology associated with eating disorders among European university students: a Multicentre Cross-Sectional Study. Nutrients. 2020;12(12):3716.
7. Cena H, Barthels F, Cuzzolaro M, Bratman S, Brytek-Matera A, Dunn T, et al. Definition and diagnostic criteria for orthorexia nervosa: a narrative review of the literature. Eating and Weight Disorders-Studies on Anorexia, Bulimia and Obesity. 2019;24:209-46.
8. Strand E. A new eating disorder? Psychology Today. 2004;37(5):16-7.
9. Arusoğlu G, Kabakçi E, Köksal G, Merdol TK. Ortoreksiya Nervoza ve Orto-11'in Türkçeye Uyarlama Çalışması. Turk Psikiyatri Dergisi. 2008;19(3).
10. Donini LM, Marsili D, Graziani MP, Imbriale M, Cannella C. Orthorexia nervosa: validation of a diagnosis questionnaire. Eating and Weight Disorders-Studies on Anorexia, Bulimia and Obesity. 2005;10:e28-e32.
11. Aksoy Poyraz C, Tüfekçioğlu E, Özdemir A, Baş A, Kani A, Erginöz E, et al., editors. Relationship between orthorexia and obsessive-compulsive symptoms in patients with generalised anxiety disorder, panic disorder and obsessive compulsive disorder Yaygın anksiyete bozukluğu, panik bozukluk ve obsesif kompulsif bozukluk hastalarında ortoreksi ile obsesif kompulsif semptomlar arasındaki ılişkinin araştırılması. Yeni Symposium; 2015.
12. Kaufman J, Birmaher B, Brent D, Rao U, Flynn C, Moreci P, et al. Schedule for affective disorders and schizophrenia for school-age children-present and lifetime version (K-SADS-PL): initial reliability and validity data. Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry. 1997;36(7):980-8.
13. Gokler B. Reliability and validity of schedule for affective disorders and Schizophrenia for school age children-present and lifetime version-Turkish version (K-SADS-PL-T)[in Turkish]. Turk J Child Adolesc Mental Health. 2004;11:109-16.
14. Garner DM, Garfinkel PE. The Eating Attitudes Test: An index of the symptoms of anorexia nervosa. Psychological medicine. 1979;9(2):273-9.
15. Savaşır I. Erol N. Yeme tutumu testi: Anoreksiya nevroza belirtileri indeksi Psikoloji Dergisi. 1989;7(23):19-25. 16. Chorpita BF, Yim L, Moffitt C, Umemoto LA, Francis SE. Assessment of symptoms of DSM-IV anxiety and depression in children: A revised child anxiety and depression scale. Behaviour research and therapy. 2000;38(8):835-55.
17. Gormez V, Kılınçaslan A, Orengul AC, Ebesutani C, Kaya I, Ceri V, et al. Psychometric properties of the Turkish version of the Revised Child Anxiety and Depression Scale–Child Version in a clinical sample. Psychiatry and Clinical Psychopharmacology. 2017;27(1):84-92.
18. Gormez V, Kilincaslan A, Ebesutani C, Orengul AC, Kaya I, Ceri V, et al. Psychometric properties of the parent version of the Revised Child Anxiety and Depression Scale in a clinical sample of Turkish children and adolescents. Child Psychiatry & Human Development. 2017;48:922-33.
19. Łucka I, Janikowska-Hołoweńko D, Domarecki P, Plenikowska-Ślusarz T, Domarecka M. Orthorexia nervosa-a separate clinical entity, a part of eating disorder spectrum or another manifestation of obsessive-compulsive disorder. Psychiatr Pol. 2019;53(2):371-82.
20. Donini LM, Marsili D, Graziani MP, Imbriale M, Cannella C. Orthorexia nervosa: a preliminary study with a proposal for diagnosis and an attempt to measure the dimension of the phenomenon. Eating and Weight Disorders-Studies on Anorexia, Bulimia and Obesity. 2004;9:151-7.
21. Fidan T, Ertekin V, Işikay S, Kırpınar I. Prevalence of orthorexia among medical students in Erzurum, Turkey. Comprehensive psychiatry. 2010;51(1):49-54.
22. Brytek-Matera A, Fonte ML, Poggiogalle E, Donini LM, Cena H. Orthorexia nervosa: relationship with obsessive-compulsive symptoms, disordered eating patterns and body uneasiness among Italian university students. Eating and Weight Disorders-Studies on Anorexia, Bulimia and Obesity. 2017;22:609-17.
23. Barnes MA, Caltabiano ML. The interrelationship between orthorexia nervosa, perfectionism, body image and attachment style. Eating and Weight Disorders-Studies on Anorexia, Bulimia and Obesity. 2017;22:177-84.
24. Brown AJ, Parman KM, Rudat DA, Craighead LW. Disordered eating, perfectionism, and food rules. Eating behaviors. 2012;13(4):347-53.
25. Pontillo M, Zanna V, Demaria F, Averna R, Di Vincenzo C, De Biase M, et al. Orthorexia nervosa, eating disorders, and obsessive-compulsive disorder: a selective review of the last seven years. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2022;11(20):6134.
26. Kiss-Leizer M, Tóth-Király I, Rigó A. How the obsession to eat healthy food meets with the willingness to do sports: the motivational background of orthorexia nervosa. Eating and Weight Disorders-Studies on Anorexia, Bulimia and Obesity. 2019;24:465-72.
27. Matsunaga H, Kiriike N, Miyata A, Iwasaki Y, Matsui T, Fujimoto K, et al. Prevalence and symptomatology of comorbid obsessive–compulsive disorder among bulimic patients. Psychiatry and clinical neurosciences. 1999;53(6):661-6.
28. Turner PG, Lefevre CE. Instagram use is linked to increased symptoms of orthorexia nervosa. Eating and Weight Disorders-Studies on Anorexia, Bulimia and Obesity. 2017;22(2):277-84.
29. Yılmaz H, Karakuş G, Tamam L, Demirkol ME, Namlı Z, Yeşiloğlu C. Association of orthorexic tendencies with obsessive-compulsive symptoms, eating attitudes and exercise. Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment. 2020:3035-44.
30. Koven NS, Senbonmatsu R. A neuropsychological evaluation of orthorexia nervosa. 2013.
31. Poyraz C, Tüfekçioğlu E, Özdemir A, Baş A, Kani A, Erginöz E, et al. Relationship between orthorexia and obsessive-compulsive symptoms in patients with generalised anxiety disorder, panic disorder and obsessive-compulsive disorder. Yeni Symp. 2015; 53 (4): 22–26.
32. Barthels F, Meyer F, Huber T, Pietrowsky R. Analysis of orthorexic eating behavior in patients with eating disorder and obsessive-compulsive disorder. Zeitschrift Fur Klinische Psychologie Und Psychotherapie. 2017;46(1):32-41.
33. Strahler J, Hermann A, Walter B, Stark R. Orthorexia nervosa: A behavioral complex or a psychological condition? Journal of behavioral addictions. 2018;7(4):1143-56.
34. Kinzl JF, Hauer K, Traweger C, Kiefer I. Orthorexia nervosa in dieticians. Psychotherapy and psychosomatics. 2006;75(6):395.
35. Segura-Garcia C, Ramacciotti C, Rania M, Aloi M, Caroleo M, Bruni A, et al. The prevalence of orthorexia nervosa among eating disorder patients after treatment. Eating and Weight Disorders-Studies on Anorexia, Bulimia and Obesity. 2015;20:161-6.

Factors Affecting Peroperative Bleeding Amount and Need for Blood Transfusion in Retropubic Radical Prostatectomy Operation

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 47 Sayı: 3, 447 - 456, 02.05.2025

Hacer Gizem Gerçek , Aziz Kara

https://doi.org/10.20515/otd.1599009

Öz

Orthorexia Nervosa (ON) describes the excessive devotion to healthy eating and lifestyle or obsessive selection of healthy foods. Although it has been reported that there is overlap between ON and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and eating disorders (ED), it is not clear which disease spectrum ON symptoms overlap more. In this study, we aimed to examine ON symptoms in adolescents diagnosed with OCD and ED and to compare ON symptoms in both groups. Our study was conducted on 38 adolescents between the ages of 12-18 diagnosed with OCD or ED. To evaluate the patients' eating attitudes, the "Eating Attitudes Test (EAT-40)", to measure orthorexia symptoms, the "Ortho-11 Scale" and to measure anxiety/depression and obsessive-compulsive disorder symptoms, the "Anxiety and Depression Scale in Children-Revised (RCADS) child form" were filled out. The parents of the adolescents filled out the "Sociodemographic Data Form" and the "RCADS parent form". ORTO-11 score was found to be significantly lower and EAT-40 score was found to be higher in adolescents with ED compared to adolescents with OCD. A negative moderate correlation was found between the EAT-40 scale and the ORTO-11 scale and was statistically significant (r=-0.613, p<0.001). In the logistic regression analysis, the most important predictor for orthorexia tendency was found to be the EAT-40 score (p=0.010). In the linear regression analysis of EAT-40 and ORTO-11 scales; EAT-40 score was found to be a significant predictor of ORTO-11 score. In our study, ON symptoms were investigated in adolescents and orthoretic tendencies were compared in two different disease groups. According to our results, we think that there is more and stronger evidence for the classification of ON within eating disorders.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Orthorexia Nervosa, Adolescent, Feeding and Eating Disorders, Obsessive Compulsive Disorder, Anorexia Nervosa

Kaynakça

1. Bratman S, Knight D. Health food junkies: orthorexia nervosa: overcoming the obsession with healthful eating: Harmony; 2004.
2. Oberle CD, Samaghabadi RO, Hughes EM. Orthorexia nervosa: Assessment and correlates with gender, BMI, and personality. Appetite. 2017;108:303-10.
3. Varga M, Dukay-Szabó S, Túry F, van Furth Eric F. Evidence and gaps in the literature on orthorexia nervosa. Eating and Weight Disorders-Studies on Anorexia, Bulimia and Obesity. 2013;18:103-11.
4. Koven NS, Abry AW. The clinical basis of orthorexia nervosa: emerging perspectives. Neuropsychiatric disease and treatment. 2015:385-94.
5. Donini LM, Barrada JR, Barthels F, Dunn TM, Babeau C, Brytek-Matera A, et al. A consensus document on definition and diagnostic criteria for orthorexia nervosa. Eating and Weight Disorders-Studies on Anorexia, Bulimia and Obesity. 2022;27(8):3695-711.
6. Brytek-Matera A, Onieva-Zafra MD, Parra-Fernández ML, Staniszewska A, Modrzejewska J, Fernández-Martínez E. Evaluation of orthorexia nervosa and symptomatology associated with eating disorders among European university students: a Multicentre Cross-Sectional Study. Nutrients. 2020;12(12):3716.
7. Cena H, Barthels F, Cuzzolaro M, Bratman S, Brytek-Matera A, Dunn T, et al. Definition and diagnostic criteria for orthorexia nervosa: a narrative review of the literature. Eating and Weight Disorders-Studies on Anorexia, Bulimia and Obesity. 2019;24:209-46.
8. Strand E. A new eating disorder? Psychology Today. 2004;37(5):16-7.
9. Arusoğlu G, Kabakçi E, Köksal G, Merdol TK. Ortoreksiya Nervoza ve Orto-11'in Türkçeye Uyarlama Çalışması. Turk Psikiyatri Dergisi. 2008;19(3).
10. Donini LM, Marsili D, Graziani MP, Imbriale M, Cannella C. Orthorexia nervosa: validation of a diagnosis questionnaire. Eating and Weight Disorders-Studies on Anorexia, Bulimia and Obesity. 2005;10:e28-e32.
11. Aksoy Poyraz C, Tüfekçioğlu E, Özdemir A, Baş A, Kani A, Erginöz E, et al., editors. Relationship between orthorexia and obsessive-compulsive symptoms in patients with generalised anxiety disorder, panic disorder and obsessive compulsive disorder Yaygın anksiyete bozukluğu, panik bozukluk ve obsesif kompulsif bozukluk hastalarında ortoreksi ile obsesif kompulsif semptomlar arasındaki ılişkinin araştırılması. Yeni Symposium; 2015.
12. Kaufman J, Birmaher B, Brent D, Rao U, Flynn C, Moreci P, et al. Schedule for affective disorders and schizophrenia for school-age children-present and lifetime version (K-SADS-PL): initial reliability and validity data. Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry. 1997;36(7):980-8.
13. Gokler B. Reliability and validity of schedule for affective disorders and Schizophrenia for school age children-present and lifetime version-Turkish version (K-SADS-PL-T)[in Turkish]. Turk J Child Adolesc Mental Health. 2004;11:109-16.
14. Garner DM, Garfinkel PE. The Eating Attitudes Test: An index of the symptoms of anorexia nervosa. Psychological medicine. 1979;9(2):273-9.
15. Savaşır I. Erol N. Yeme tutumu testi: Anoreksiya nevroza belirtileri indeksi Psikoloji Dergisi. 1989;7(23):19-25. 16. Chorpita BF, Yim L, Moffitt C, Umemoto LA, Francis SE. Assessment of symptoms of DSM-IV anxiety and depression in children: A revised child anxiety and depression scale. Behaviour research and therapy. 2000;38(8):835-55.
17. Gormez V, Kılınçaslan A, Orengul AC, Ebesutani C, Kaya I, Ceri V, et al. Psychometric properties of the Turkish version of the Revised Child Anxiety and Depression Scale–Child Version in a clinical sample. Psychiatry and Clinical Psychopharmacology. 2017;27(1):84-92.
18. Gormez V, Kilincaslan A, Ebesutani C, Orengul AC, Kaya I, Ceri V, et al. Psychometric properties of the parent version of the Revised Child Anxiety and Depression Scale in a clinical sample of Turkish children and adolescents. Child Psychiatry & Human Development. 2017;48:922-33.
19. Łucka I, Janikowska-Hołoweńko D, Domarecki P, Plenikowska-Ślusarz T, Domarecka M. Orthorexia nervosa-a separate clinical entity, a part of eating disorder spectrum or another manifestation of obsessive-compulsive disorder. Psychiatr Pol. 2019;53(2):371-82.
20. Donini LM, Marsili D, Graziani MP, Imbriale M, Cannella C. Orthorexia nervosa: a preliminary study with a proposal for diagnosis and an attempt to measure the dimension of the phenomenon. Eating and Weight Disorders-Studies on Anorexia, Bulimia and Obesity. 2004;9:151-7.
21. Fidan T, Ertekin V, Işikay S, Kırpınar I. Prevalence of orthorexia among medical students in Erzurum, Turkey. Comprehensive psychiatry. 2010;51(1):49-54.
22. Brytek-Matera A, Fonte ML, Poggiogalle E, Donini LM, Cena H. Orthorexia nervosa: relationship with obsessive-compulsive symptoms, disordered eating patterns and body uneasiness among Italian university students. Eating and Weight Disorders-Studies on Anorexia, Bulimia and Obesity. 2017;22:609-17.
23. Barnes MA, Caltabiano ML. The interrelationship between orthorexia nervosa, perfectionism, body image and attachment style. Eating and Weight Disorders-Studies on Anorexia, Bulimia and Obesity. 2017;22:177-84.
24. Brown AJ, Parman KM, Rudat DA, Craighead LW. Disordered eating, perfectionism, and food rules. Eating behaviors. 2012;13(4):347-53.
25. Pontillo M, Zanna V, Demaria F, Averna R, Di Vincenzo C, De Biase M, et al. Orthorexia nervosa, eating disorders, and obsessive-compulsive disorder: a selective review of the last seven years. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2022;11(20):6134.
26. Kiss-Leizer M, Tóth-Király I, Rigó A. How the obsession to eat healthy food meets with the willingness to do sports: the motivational background of orthorexia nervosa. Eating and Weight Disorders-Studies on Anorexia, Bulimia and Obesity. 2019;24:465-72.
27. Matsunaga H, Kiriike N, Miyata A, Iwasaki Y, Matsui T, Fujimoto K, et al. Prevalence and symptomatology of comorbid obsessive–compulsive disorder among bulimic patients. Psychiatry and clinical neurosciences. 1999;53(6):661-6.
28. Turner PG, Lefevre CE. Instagram use is linked to increased symptoms of orthorexia nervosa. Eating and Weight Disorders-Studies on Anorexia, Bulimia and Obesity. 2017;22(2):277-84.
29. Yılmaz H, Karakuş G, Tamam L, Demirkol ME, Namlı Z, Yeşiloğlu C. Association of orthorexic tendencies with obsessive-compulsive symptoms, eating attitudes and exercise. Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment. 2020:3035-44.
30. Koven NS, Senbonmatsu R. A neuropsychological evaluation of orthorexia nervosa. 2013.
31. Poyraz C, Tüfekçioğlu E, Özdemir A, Baş A, Kani A, Erginöz E, et al. Relationship between orthorexia and obsessive-compulsive symptoms in patients with generalised anxiety disorder, panic disorder and obsessive-compulsive disorder. Yeni Symp. 2015; 53 (4): 22–26.
32. Barthels F, Meyer F, Huber T, Pietrowsky R. Analysis of orthorexic eating behavior in patients with eating disorder and obsessive-compulsive disorder. Zeitschrift Fur Klinische Psychologie Und Psychotherapie. 2017;46(1):32-41.
33. Strahler J, Hermann A, Walter B, Stark R. Orthorexia nervosa: A behavioral complex or a psychological condition? Journal of behavioral addictions. 2018;7(4):1143-56.
34. Kinzl JF, Hauer K, Traweger C, Kiefer I. Orthorexia nervosa in dieticians. Psychotherapy and psychosomatics. 2006;75(6):395.
35. Segura-Garcia C, Ramacciotti C, Rania M, Aloi M, Caroleo M, Bruni A, et al. The prevalence of orthorexia nervosa among eating disorder patients after treatment. Eating and Weight Disorders-Studies on Anorexia, Bulimia and Obesity. 2015;20:161-6.

Toplam 34 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil	Türkçe
Konular	Çocuk ve Ergen Ruh Sağlığı ve Hastalıkları
Bölüm	ORİJİNAL MAKALELER / ORIGINAL ARTICLES
Yazarlar	Hacer Gizem Gerçek 0000-0002-0786-0826 Aziz Kara 0000-0003-0925-5723
Yayımlanma Tarihi	2 Mayıs 2025
Gönderilme Tarihi	10 Aralık 2024
Kabul Tarihi	14 Nisan 2025
Yayımlandığı Sayı	Yıl 2025 Cilt: 47 Sayı: 3

Kaynak Göster

Vancouver	Gerçek HG, Kara A. Obsesif Kompulsif Bozukluk ve Yeme Bozukluğu Tanısı ile İzlenen Ergenlerde Ortoreksiya Nervoza Belirtilerinin Karşılaştırılması. Osmangazi Tıp Dergisi. 2025;47(3):447-56.

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