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Hope Fatigue: An Emerging Concept in Mental Health

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 17 Sayı: 4, 788 - 805, 30.12.2025

İrem Yıldırım , Ferhat Kardaş

https://doi.org/10.18863/pgy.1608159

Öz

Hope is one of the fundamental emotions that shapes individuals' motivations and search for meaning for the future. Since people consider hopelessness as a terrible state of mind, they continue to hope at the expense of deceiving themselves. In this respect, giving up hope means giving up on life for many people. In addition, adopting a forced hope defines the dark side of hope. The dark side of hope distances the person from reality and has the potential to pull them into sudden and deep despair. These cycles make us think that there is no other option than choosing hope or despair. However, hope fatigue is at an important point as an alternative state of mind against the sharp boundaries of hope and hopelessness. In addition to being a source of strength for individuals, hope can also turn into a source of fatigue under the ideology of being constantly positive in the modern world despite unfulfilled expectations, constant goal-setting pressure, and a social collapse. Accordingly, it becomes inevitable for individuals to experience hope fatigue. Hope fatigue not only creates an emotional collapse in individuals, but also leads to loss of motivation and disappointments at the social level. In addition to its negative effects, it also has the power to provide individuals with the opportunity to make evaluations before falling into the pit of hopelessness, which is quite difficult to get out of, and to draw a different direction in their lives. From this perspective, the concept of hope fatigue is addressed in this study within the framework of hopelessness, burnout, learned helplessness and positive psychology issues and is discussed in its various dimensions. The main purpose of the study is to address hope fatigue, to present a definition and conceptualization for it, and to offer some suggestions to researchers and practitioners working in the field. Based on this, it is emphasized that the concept of hope fatigue should be further investigated in the field of mental health and supported by interventions, and it is expected that the concept will make an original contribution to the literature.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Hope hopelessness fatigue hope fatigue

Kaynakça

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Umut Yorgunluğu: Ruh Sağlığında Güncel Bir Kavram

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 17 Sayı: 4, 788 - 805, 30.12.2025

İrem Yıldırım , Ferhat Kardaş

https://doi.org/10.18863/pgy.1608159

Öz

Umut, bireylerin geleceğe dair motivasyonlarını ve anlam arayışlarını şekillendiren temel bir duygudur. İnsanlar umutsuzluğu korkunç bir ruh hali olarak gördükleri için kendilerini kandırma pahasına umut etmeye ihtiyaç duymaktadır. Çünkü umuttan vazgeçmek yaşamdan vazgeçmektir. Bunun yanı sıra zorlama bir umudu benimsemek de umudun karanlık yönünü tanımlamaktadır. Umudun karanlık yönü kişiyi gerçeklerden uzaklaştırmakla birlikte ani ve derin bir umutsuzluğa çekme potansiyeline sahiptir. Bu döngüler, umut ya da umutsuzluğu seçmekten başka bir seçenek olmadığını düşündürmektedir. Ancak umut ve umutsuzluğun keskin sınırlarına karşı alternatif bir ruh hali olarak umut yorgunluğu, önemli bir noktada yer almaktadır. Umut, bireyler için güçlendirici bir kaynak olmanın yanı sıra gerçekleşmeyen beklentiler, sürekli hedef belirleme baskısı ve toplumsal bir çöküşe rağmen modern dünyanın sürekli olumlu olma ideolojisi altında bir yorgunluk kaynağına dönüşebilmektedir. Bu doğrultuda bireylerin umut yorgunluğu yaşaması kaçınılmaz hale gelmektedir. Umut yorgunluğu, bireylerde duygusal bir çöküş yaratmakla kalmayıp, aynı zamanda toplumsal düzeyde motivasyon kaybına ve hayal kırıklıklarına yol açmaktadır. Olumsuz etkilerinin yanı sıra bireylerin, çıkması oldukça zor olan umutsuzluk çukuruna düşmeden önce değerlendirmeler yaparak yaşamlarına farklı bir yön çizmeleri konusunda fırsat sağlayabilecek bir güce de sahiptir. Bu bakış açısı ile bu çalışmada umut yorgunluğu kavramı umutsuzluk, tükenmişlik, öğrenilmiş çaresizlik ve pozitif psikoloji konuları çerçevesinde ele alınmıştır ve çeşitli boyutlarıyla tartışılmıştır. Çalışmanın temel amacı, umut yorgunluğunu ele almak, buna yönelik bir tanım ve kavramsallaştırma ortaya koymak ve alanda çalışan araştırmacı ve uygulayıcılara bazı öneriler sunmaktır. Buradan hareketle umut yorgunluğu kavramının ruh sağlığı alanında daha fazla araştırılması ve müdahalelerle desteklenmesi gerektiğine dikkat çekilerek, kavramın literatüre özgün bir katkı sağlaması beklenmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Umut umutsuzluk yorgunluk umut yorgunluğu

Kaynakça

  • Abramson LY, Seligman ME, Teasdale JD (1978) Learned helplessness in humans: critique and reformulation. J Abnorm Psychol, 87:49-74.
  • Abramson LY, Metalsky GI, Alloy LB (1989) Hopelessness depression: a theory-based subtype of depression. Psychol Rev, 96:358-372.
  • Akın A, Uysal R, Akın Ü (2015) Duygusal Bulaşma Ölçeği'nin Türkçe Formu’nun geçerlik ve güvenirliği. Anemon Muş Alparslan Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 3:97-104.
  • Alderman l (2022) 8 ways to feel less anxious about things beyond your control. https://www.washingtonpost.com/wellness/2022/09/13/mental-health-hope-fatigue-coping (Accessed 20.12.2024).
  • Aristoteles (1980) Nikomakhos’a Etik/Bütün Yapıtları 5 (Çev. F Akderin). İstanbul, Say Yayınları.
  • Averill JR, Catlin G, Chon KK (1990) Rules of Hope. New York, Springer-Verlag.
  • Averill JR, More TA (2000) Handbook of emotions. In Happiness. (Eds M Lewis, JM Haviland):666-676. New York, Guilford Publications.
  • Bandura A (1989) Human agency in social cognitive theory. Am Psychol, 44:1175-1184.
  • Beck AT (1963) Thinking and depression: ıdiosyncratic content and cognitive distortions. Arch Gen Psychiatry, 9:324-333.
  • Beck AT (1967) Depression. New York, Harper & Row.
  • Beck AT, Weissman A, Lester D, Trexler L (1974) The measurement of pessimism: the Hopelessness Scale. J Consult Clin Psychol, 42:861-865.
  • Beck AT, Kovacs M, Weissman A (1975) Hopelessness and suicidal behaviour: an overview. JAMA, 234:1146-1149.
  • Beck AT, Weissman A, Kovacs M (1976) Alcoholism, hopelessness and suicidal behavior. J Stud Alcohol, 37:66–77.
  • Beck AT (1986) Hopelessness as a predictor of eventual suicide. Ann N Y Acad Sci, 487:90-96.
  • Beck AT, Steer RA, Beck JS, Newman CF (1993) Hopelessness, depression, suicidal ideation, and clinical diagnosis of depression. Suicide Life Threat Behav, 23:139-145.
  • Benzein E (1999) Traces of hope (Doctoral thesis). Umeå, Umeå University.
  • Ben-Ze’ev A (2000) The Subtlety of Emotions. Cambridge, MIT Press.
  • Bernardo AB (2010) Extending hope theory: internal and external locus of trait hope. Pers Individ Dif, 49:944-949.
  • Birinci GG, Erden G (2016) Yardım çalışanlarında üstlenilmiş travma, ikincil travmatik stres ve tükenmişliğin değerlendirilmesi. Türk Psikoloji Dergisi, 31:10-26.
  • Bloch E (1995) The Principle of Hope. Cambridge, MIT Press.
  • Blöser C (2019) Hope as an irreducible concept. Ratio, 32:205-214.
  • Breznitz S (1999) The effect of hope on pain tolerance. Soc Res, 66:629-652.
  • Butcher JN, Hooley JM, Mineka S (2013) Anormal Psikoloji (Çev. O Gündüz). İstanbul, Kaknüs Yayınları.
  • Carr A (2016) Pozitif Psikoloji (Çev. Ü Şendilek). İstanbul, Kaknüs Yayınları.
  • Ceylan NB (2023) Kuru Otlar Üstüne. NBC Film & Memento Production & Komplizen Film.
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  • Kuyken W (2004) Cognitive therapy outcome: the effects of hopelessness in a naturalistic outcome study. Behav Res Ther, 42:631-646.
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  • Maier SF, Seligman ME (1976) Learned helplessness: theory and evidence. J Exp Psychol Gen, 105:3-46.
  • Marcel G (1962) Homo Viator: Introduction to a Metaphysic of Hope. New York, Harper & Row.
  • Marchetti I, Alloy LB, Koster EHW (2023) Breaking the vise of hopelessness: targeting its components, antecedents, and context. Int J Cogn Ther, 16:285-319.
  • Maslach C, Jackson SE (1981) The measurement of experienced burnout. J Organ Behav, 2:99-113.
  • Maslach C, Jackson SE (1986) Maslach Burnout Inventory Manual, 2nd ed. Palo Alto, Consulting Psychologist Press.
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  • Melges FT, Bowlby J (1969) Types of hopelessness in psychopathological process. Arch Gen Psychiatry, 20:690-699.
  • Millon T, Grossman S, Millon C, Meagher S, Ramnath R (2021) Modern Yaşamda Kişilik Bozuklukları (Çev. EO Gezmiş). İstanbul, Türkiye İş Bankası Kültür Yayınları.
  • Modini M, Abbott MJ, Hunt CA (2015) A systematic review of the psychometric properties of trait social anxiety self-report measures. J Psychopathol Behav Assess, 37:645-662.
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  • O’Hara D (2013) Hope in Counselling and Psychotherapy. London, Sage.
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  • Park N, Peterson C (2005) The values in action inventory of character strengths for youth. In What Do Children Need To Flourish: Conceptualizing And Measuring İndicators Of Positive Development (Eds KA Moore, LH Lippman):13-23. New York, Springer.
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  • Ribeiro JD, Huang X, Fox KR, Franklin JC (2018) Depression and hopelessness as risk factors for suicide ideation, attempts and death: meta-analysis of longitudinal studies. Br J Psychiatry, 212:279-286.
  • Russel B (1930) The Conquest of Happiness. New York, Liveright Publishing.
  • Ryff CD (1989) Happiness is everything, or is it? Explorations on the meaning of psychological well-being. J Pers Soc Psychol, 57:1069-1081.
  • Schaufeli WB, Leiter MP, Maslach C (2009) Burnout: 35 years of research and practice. The Career Development International, 14:204-220.
  • Schrank B, Stanghellini G, Slade M (2008) Hope in psychiatry: a review of the literature. Acta Psychiatr Scand, 118:421-433.
  • Scioli A, Ricci M, Nyugen T, Scioli ER (2011) Hope: its nature and measurement. Psycholog Relig Spiritual, 3:78-97.
  • Scioli A (2020) The psychology of hope: a diagnostic and prescriptive account. In Historical and Multidisciplinary Perspectives on Hope. (Ed SC Van den Heuvel):137-163. Springer, Cham.
  • Seber G, Dilbaz N, Kaptanoğlu C, Tekin D (1993) Umutsuzluk ölçeği: geçerlilik ve güvenirliği. Kriz Dergisi, 1:139-142.
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  • Snyder CR (1994) The Psychology of Hope: You Can Get There From Here. New York, Free Press.
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  • Tarhan S, Bacanlı H (2016) İlkokuldan üniversiteye umut kavramının tanımlanması üzerine nitel bir çalışma. Eğitimde Nitel Araştırmalar Dergisi/Journal of Qualitative Research in Education, 4:86-112.
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  • Tong EMW (2015) Hope and hopelessness. International Encyclopedia of the Social Behavioral Sciences, 11:197-201.
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  • Turner DS (2005) Hope seen through the eyes of 10 Australian young people. J Adv Nurs, 52:508-515.
  • Oettingen G, Gollwitzer PM (2010) Strategies of setting and ımplementing goals: mental contrasting and ımplementation ıntentions. In Social Psychological Foundations of Clinical Psychology(Eds JE Maddux, JP Tangney):114-135. New York, Guilford Press.
  • Wedding D, Niemiec RM (2018) Filmlerle Pozitif Psikoloji: Karakter Güçlerini Geliştirmek için Filmlerden Yararlanma (Çev. G Kafa). İstanbul, Kaknüs Yayınları.
  • Westra HA, Dozois DJA, Boardman C (2002) Predictors of treatment change and engage ment in cognitive-behavioral group therapy for depression. J Cogn Psychother, 16:227-241.
  • Whisman MA, Miller IW, Norman WH, Keitner GI (1995) Hopelessness depression in depressed inpatients: symptomatology, patient characteristics, and outcome. Cognit Ther Res, 19:377-398.
  • Wood AM, Froh JJ, Geraghty AWA (2010) Gratitude and well-being: a review and theoretical integration. Clin Psychol Rev, 30:890-905.
  • Yıldırım İ, Kardaş F (2024) Examining the effectiveness of a positive psychology-based psychoeducation program on adolescents’ character strengths. Erzincan Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 26:92-103.
  • Yücel B, Akoğlu B (2023) Ruh sağlığı çalışanlarında ikincil travmatizasyon. Psikiyatride Güncel Yaklaşımlar, 15:383-393.
  • Yücesoy ZB (2024) Understanding the association between financial strain, mental health, and ıntention to move abroad among Turkish emerging adults: roles of hopelessness and future anxiety (Masters thesis). İstanbul, Koç University.
Toplam 123 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Klinik ve Sağlık Psikolojisi (Diğer)
Bölüm Derleme
Yazarlar

İrem Yıldırım 0009-0002-5961-6291

Ferhat Kardaş 0000-0003-3386-3956

Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Aralık 2025
Gönderilme Tarihi 28 Aralık 2024
Kabul Tarihi 14 Mart 2025
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2025 Cilt: 17 Sayı: 4

Kaynak Göster

AMA Yıldırım İ, Kardaş F. Hope Fatigue: An Emerging Concept in Mental Health. Psikiyatride Güncel Yaklaşımlar. Aralık 2025;17(4):788-805. doi:10.18863/pgy.1608159

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